Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第4页

Gene expression and enzyme activity analysis of carbohydrate digestion in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae. 紫斑蝶幼虫消化碳水化合物的基因表达和酶活性分析

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250125

Jasper Hildebrand, Meike Stumpp

{"title":"Gene expression and enzyme activity analysis of carbohydrate digestion in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae.","authors":"Jasper Hildebrand, Meike Stumpp","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250125","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250125","url":null,"abstract":"Carbohydrates play multifaceted roles in marine ecosystems, serving as structural components in algae, energy storage molecules and vital nutrients for marine organisms. The purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, undergoes metamorphosis during ontogeny, transitioning its feeding strategy from microalgae to macroalgae as the primary food source. However, the digestive mechanisms underlying carbohydrate digestion in sea urchin larvae remain poorly understood. We investigated the carbohydrate digestion capabilities of S. purpuratus larvae, using expression-level analysis of candidate genes putatively involved in carbohydrate digestion, quantification of enzyme activity, and pH and temperature optima characterization for the digestion of starch, laminarin, cellulose, xylan and trehalose. Transcriptomic analyses revealed the expression of genes encoding putative carbohydrate-degrading enzymes during early larval development. RT-qPCR demonstrated age- and/or feeding-dependent expression patterns of glycosidase candidate genes β-1,3-glucanase (laminarinase), α-amylase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase D-like (cellulase), xylanase/β-glucanase-like and trehalase. Furthermore, enzymatic assays elucidated differential temporal patterns, and thermal and pH optima of associated carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. A comparison of the enzymatic degradation of five substrates demonstrated that laminarinase activity was five times higher than the activity of enzymes involved in digesting starch, cellulose, xylan and trehalose, leading to a hypothesis regarding the importance of laminarin for larval growth.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Going around the bend to understand the role of leg coalescence in metachronal swimming. 绕着弯去理解腿接合在超时空游泳中的作用。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249330

Nils B Tack, Sara O Santos, Monica M Wilhelmus

{"title":"Going around the bend to understand the role of leg coalescence in metachronal swimming.","authors":"Nils B Tack, Sara O Santos, Monica M Wilhelmus","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249330","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the most abundant aquatic invertebrates display metachronal swimming by sequentially beating closely spaced flexible appendages. Common biophysical mechanisms like appendage spatial asymmetry and phase drive the success and performance of this locomotor mode, which is generally explained by the need to maximize thrust production. However, the potential role of these mechanisms in drag reduction, another important contributor to the overall swimming performance, has yet to be evaluated. We present several morphological, functional, and physical mechanisms promoting drag reduction during metachronal swimming by exploring appendage differential bending and leg grouping (coalescence). We performed μ-CT and in-vivo velocimetry measurements of shrimp (Palaemonetes vulgaris) to design a five-legged robotic metachronal analog. This test platform enabled simultaneous flow and force measurements to quantify the thrust and drag forces produced by flexible and stiff pleopods (legs) beating independently or coalescing. We tested the hypothesis that coalescence and bending effectively reduce drag during the recovery stroke (RS). The curved cross-section of the pleopods enables passive asymmetrical bending during the RS to reduce their drag coefficient by up to 75.8% relative to stiff pleopods. Bending promotes physical interactions, facilitating the coalescence of three pleopods at any time during the RS to reduce drag such that the mean net thrust produced during coalescence is increased by 30.2%. These improvements are explained by the production of a weaker wake compared with stiff and non-coalescing pleopods. Our results describe fundamental biological and physical components of metachronal propulsion that may aid the development of novel bio-inspired underwater vehicles.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection inhibits mitochondrial respiratory function in a wild songbird. 五倍子支原体（MG）感染会抑制野生鸣禽的线粒体呼吸功能。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249705

Chidambaram Ramanathan, Elina Thomas, Amberleigh E Henschen, James S Adelman, Yufeng Zhang

{"title":"Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection inhibits mitochondrial respiratory function in a wild songbird.","authors":"Chidambaram Ramanathan, Elina Thomas, Amberleigh E Henschen, James S Adelman, Yufeng Zhang","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249705","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249705","url":null,"abstract":"An animal's immune function is vital for survival but is potentially metabolically expensive. Some pathogens can manipulate their hosts' immune and metabolic responses. One example is Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), which infects both the respiratory system and conjunctiva of the eye in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus). MG has been shown to exhibit immune- and metabolic-suppressive properties, but the physiological mechanisms are still unknown. Recent studies demonstrated that mitochondria could serve as powerhouses for both ATP production and immunity, notably inflammatory processes, by regulating complex II and its metabolites. Consequently, in this study, we investigate the short-term (3 days post-inoculation) and long-term (34 days post-inoculation) effects of MG infection on the hepatic mitochondrial respiration of house finches from two populations infected with two different MG isolates. After short-term infection, MG-infected birds had significantly lower state 2 and state 4 respiration, but only when using complex II substrates. After long-term infection, MG-infected birds exhibited lower state 3 respiration with both complex I and II substrates, resulting in a lower respiratory control ratio compared with uninfected controls, which aligned with the hypothesized metabolic-suppressive properties of MG. Interestingly, there were limited differences in mitochondrial respiration regardless of house finch population of origin, MG isolate and whether birds recovered from infection or not. We propose that MG targets mitochondrial complex II for its immune-suppressive properties during the early stages of infection and inhibits mitochondrial respiration for its metabolic-suppressive properties at a later stage of infection, both of which should delay recovery of the host and extend infectious periods.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trade-offs between behavioral plasticity and physiological adaptations in mid-day gerbils (Meriones meridianus) in responses to extreme temperatures. 正午沙鼠（Meriones meridianus）对极端温度反应的行为可塑性和生理适应性之间的权衡。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250423

Yang-Yang Guo, Fangyan Liu, Honglei Chang, Songzhao Du, De-Hua Wang

{"title":"Trade-offs between behavioral plasticity and physiological adaptations in mid-day gerbils (Meriones meridianus) in responses to extreme temperatures.","authors":"Yang-Yang Guo, Fangyan Liu, Honglei Chang, Songzhao Du, De-Hua Wang","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250423","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is reshaping the thermal environment of Meriones meridianus habitats in the Mu Us Desert in China. However, the trade-off between behavioral plasticity and physiological adaptations in this species when coping with extreme temperatures across seasons remains poorly understood. Here, we measured activity patterns and serum and brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolite levels in this rodent during summer and autumn, and analyzed their relationships with microhabitat temperatures. Behaviorally, 87.9% of extra-burrow summer activity occurred between 22:00-01:00, while autumn activity showed a bimodal distribution: 40.9% concentrated during 18:00-20:00 and 18.9% during 03:00-06:00. This temporal niche shifting effectively minimizes direct heat exposure in summer but provides incomplete protection against autumn cold exposure. Physiologically, serum metabolite concentrations exhibited significant seasonal variations. Specifically, metabolites associated with glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and pathways contributing to acetyl-CoA or TCA cycle intermediates production were downregulated in autumn. Conversely, glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways in BAT were significantly enhanced in autumn. Notably, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) levels in BAT showed no significant seasonal differences. This physiological linkage suggests chronic cold activation of BAT in autumn. Our results show a trade-off where behavioral thermoregulation sufficiently counteracts summer heat through temporal niche shifting but fails to mitigate chronic cold exposure in autumn, necessitating physiological adaptations.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring value learning in pigeons: the role of dual pathways in the basal ganglia and synaptic plasticity. 探索鸽子的价值学习：基底节区双通路与突触可塑性的作用。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249507

Fuli Jin, Mengmeng Li, Long Yang, Lifang Yang, Zhigang Shang

引用次数: 0

Expansion of Drosophila haemocytes using a conditional GeneSwitch driver affects larval haemocyte function, but does not modulate adult lifespan or survival after severe infection. 使用条件GeneSwitch驱动扩增果蝇血细胞会影响幼虫血细胞功能，但不会调节严重感染后成虫的寿命或存活。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249649

Dan J Hayman, Lola M Morrin, Sudipta Halder, Eleanor J Phillips, Mirre J P Simons, Iwan R Evans

{"title":"Expansion of Drosophila haemocytes using a conditional GeneSwitch driver affects larval haemocyte function, but does not modulate adult lifespan or survival after severe infection.","authors":"Dan J Hayman, Lola M Morrin, Sudipta Halder, Eleanor J Phillips, Mirre J P Simons, Iwan R Evans","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249649","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249649","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophages are responsible for diverse and fundamental functions in vertebrates. Drosophila blood cells (haemocytes) are dominated by cells bearing a striking homology to vertebrate macrophages (plasmatocytes). The importance of haemocytes has been demonstrated previously, with immune and developmental phenotypes observed upon haemocyte ablation. Here, we show that we can increase Hemolectin (Hml)-positive cell numbers using a constitutively active form of ras and ablate Hml-positive cell numbers using the pro-apoptotic transgene bax. However, compared with larvae, total blood cell numbers in adults were not significantly affected by experimental expansion or ablation, implying the existence of feedback mechanisms regulating haemocyte numbers. No effect on lifespan was observed from driving ras and bax in Hml-positive cells via a conditional approach (Hml-GeneSwitch). Using constitutive expression, we observed differences in lifespan; however, we attribute this to differences in genetic background. Additionally, no effect of either transgene was observed upon infection with a high dose of two different bacterial species, although pupal lethality was observed upon expansion of Hml-positive cells in a self-encapsulation mutant genetic background. The latter confirms that changes in Hml-positive cell numbers can result in phenotypes. The lack of adult phenotypes could be due to the strength of experimental manipulations or compensation via feedback mechanisms operating to regulate total blood cell numbers. Our study demonstrates the importance of conditional approaches to modulate haemocyte cell numbers, allowing for more precise study of innate immune function. This strategy could be especially fruitful to uncover mechanisms regulating total blood cell numbers across development and ageing.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Underwater paddling kinematics and hydrodynamics in a surface swimming duck versus a diving duck. 水面游泳鸭与潜水鸭的水下划水运动学和流体动力学。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249274

Hagar Csillag, Gal Ribak

{"title":"Underwater paddling kinematics and hydrodynamics in a surface swimming duck versus a diving duck.","authors":"Hagar Csillag, Gal Ribak","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249274","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249274","url":null,"abstract":"Some duck species mostly swim on the water surface while others frequently dive underwater. We compared the paddling kinematics of mandarin ducks (Axis galericulata) that feed on the surface and diving ferruginous pochards (Aythya nyroca) that feed underwater. Both species were trained to perform the same horizontal, submerged swimming at 1 m depth in a controlled set-up. Mandarins used alternate foot paddling exclusively, while pochards varied their gait between alternate foot paddling and simultaneous paddling with both feet. Unlike mandarins, pochards swam with their body tilted at an angle that was negatively correlated with the swimming speed and limited their foot motion to a smaller arc. Hydrodynamic modeling revealed that lift generated by the webbed foot provided thrust to propel both duck species forward. However, mandarins' feet generated lift-based upthrust that interfered with the need to counter their buoyancy, while pochards directed the foot lift to provide vertical downthrust against their buoyancy. The relatively subtle differences in foot motion between the two species result in a substantial hydrodynamic effect that may hint at the kinematic changes required when transitioning from surface to submerged swimming in the evolution of foot-propelled diving waterfowl.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term multichannel recordings in Drosophila flies reveal altered predictive processing during sleep compared to wake. 果蝇的长期多通道记录显示，与清醒时相比，睡眠时的预测处理发生了改变。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250165

Matthew N Van De Poll, Bruno van Swinderen

{"title":"Long-term multichannel recordings in Drosophila flies reveal altered predictive processing during sleep compared to wake.","authors":"Matthew N Van De Poll, Bruno van Swinderen","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250165","url":null,"abstract":"During sleep, behavioral responsiveness to external stimuli is decreased. This classical definition of sleep has been applied effectively across the animal kingdom to identify this common behavioral state in a growing list of creatures, from mammals to invertebrates. Yet it remains unclear whether decreased behavioral responsiveness during sleep is necessarily associated with decreased responsiveness in brain activity, especially in insects. Here, we perform long-term multichannel electrophysiology in tethered Drosophila melanogaster flies exposed continuously to repetitive visual stimuli. Flies were still able to sleep under these visual stimulation conditions, as determined by traditional immobility duration criteria for the field. Interestingly, we did not find any difference between responses to repetitive visual stimuli during sleep compared to wake when we recorded local field potentials (LFP) across a transect of the fly brain from optic lobes to the central brain. However, we did find LFP responses to be altered when visual stimuli were variable and of lower probability, especially in the central brain. Central brain responses to less predictable or 'deviant' stimuli were lower during the deepest stage of sleep, a time of quiescence characterized by more regular proboscis extensions. This shows that the sleeping fly brain processes low-probability visual stimuli in a different way than more repeated stimuli, and presents Drosophila as a promising model for studying the potential role of sleep in regulating predictive processing.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature and precipitation explain variation in metabolic rate but not frequency of gas exchange in Fijian bees. 温度和降水解释了斐济蜜蜂代谢率的变化，但不能解释气体交换的频率。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249948

Carmen R B da Silva, Julian E Beaman, Marika Tuiwawa, Mark I Stevens, Michael P Schwarz, Rosalyn Gloag, Vanessa Kellermann, Lesley A Alton

{"title":"Temperature and precipitation explain variation in metabolic rate but not frequency of gas exchange in Fijian bees.","authors":"Carmen R B da Silva, Julian E Beaman, Marika Tuiwawa, Mark I Stevens, Michael P Schwarz, Rosalyn Gloag, Vanessa Kellermann, Lesley A Alton","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249948","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature and water availability are hypothesised to be important drivers of the evolution of metabolic rates and gas exchange patterns, respectively. Specifically, the metabolic cold adaptation hypothesis (MCA) predicts that cold environments select for faster temperature specific metabolic rates to counter the thermodynamics of biochemical reactions, while the hygric hypothesis predicts that dry environments select for discontinuous gas exchange to reduce water loss. Although these two hypotheses consider different physiological traits and how they vary along different abiotic gradients, metabolic rate drives frequency of gas exchange in insects meaning these two traits are inherently linked. Despite this link, the MCA and hygric hypotheses are rarely considered together and the extent to which metabolic rates and frequency of gas exchange vary and co-vary across climatic gradients remains unclear. We tested the MCA and hygric hypotheses within a species of endemic Fijian bee, Homalictus fijiensis, and among four Fijian bee species across an altitudinal gradient of 1100 m (highlands are colder and wetter than the lowlands). We found an MCA-like pattern within H. fijiensis and among Fijian bee species, where bees from colder environments had higher metabolic rates than bees from warmer environments when measured at 25 °C, but precipitation also explained variation in metabolic rate. However, we did not find support for the hygric hypothesis within H. fijiensis or among species (frequency of gas exchange was not negatively correlated with precipitation). The relationship between metabolic rate and frequency of gas exchange was steeper for species that occupied lower elevations on average, suggesting it is possible that these two traits can evolve independently of each other despite being positively correlated.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Albumin is ubiquitously expressed in the dolphin body and upregulated by an extracellular albumin shortage. 白蛋白在海豚体内普遍表达，并因细胞外白蛋白缺乏而上调。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249752

Kaho Saito, Fumiki Hanafusa, Daiki Inamori, Takuya Itou, Miwa Suzuki

{"title":"Albumin is ubiquitously expressed in the dolphin body and upregulated by an extracellular albumin shortage.","authors":"Kaho Saito, Fumiki Hanafusa, Daiki Inamori, Takuya Itou, Miwa Suzuki","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249752","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific albumin is ubiquitously expressed and the protein is produced in both common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus and striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba. Quantitative PCR revealed that albumin precursor mRNA is expressed in all 12 tissues examined, with the highest levels observed in the liver. Next, TA cloning using skin and liver of the two species confirmed that the deduced albumin animo acid sequences in the tissues 100% identical within each species and slightly different between the species or between tissues in bottlenose dolphin and cultured cells derived from the same species. In addition, western blot analysis showed positive bands of approximately 66 kDa in all tissues examined, as seen with serum albumin. Immunohistochemistry assays also revealed that albumin protein was distributed in most cells in each tissue. These results suggest that albumin protein, with the same structure as the serum albumin synthesized in liver, may be ubiquitously expressed in the dolphin body. Furthermore, to clarify the function of albumin, we removed bovine serum albumin from culture medium. This enhanced the albumin mRNA expression in the cells. Albumin protein with the specific dolphin sequence then began to be detected in the medium. These data strongly indicate that albumin may be synthesized in many tissue types and extracellularly secreted in the same manner as in the liver. Additionally, albumin expression levels were upregulated in the absence of albumin around the cells. Ubiquitous albumin expression may be essential for dolphin peripheral cells, possibly to supply albumin during dive-induced ischemia.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0