Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography最新文献

{"title":"Ability of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction to Preserve Detail and Remove Noise in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography: A Clinical Analysis.","authors":"Aria M Salyapongse, Prashant Nagpal, Martin G Wagner, Sarv Priya, Jakub Siembida, Timothy P Szczykutowicz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze image quality over 3 levels (low, medium, and high) of deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR), evaluate whether edge detail is lost with higher denoising levels.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nineteen subjects scanned with the institute's clinical coronary CT angiography (CCTA) protocols were retrospectively reconstructed with low, medium, and high levels of DLIR. Two readers assessed image quality on a 5-point Likert scale for structural confidence in relevant structures, low contrast detectability, noise, spatial resolution, artifacts, and overall diagnostic quality. The noise texture of images was also assessed using a non-Likert 5-point scale of \"plastic\" to \"sandy.\" Reader agreement was assessed with pairwise linearly weighted Cohen Kappa. Objective analysis was performed with contrast-to-noise (CNR) measurements of the aorta, left main artery, and right coronary artery. Friedman and Dunnett tests were used to assess statistical differences in image quality and CNR. To assess detail loss, edge detail preservation was assessed with different images between DLIR levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Observations of the difference images between DLIR images and the histograms of edge and nonedge pixels demonstrated that negligible edge detail was lost between the DLIR reconstructions. High DLIR CNR was significantly (P≤0.006) higher than low and medium DLIR CNR. Medium DLIR CNR was significantly (P≤0.02) higher than low DLIR CNR. Reader agreement was moderate (κ=0.42). High DLIR scores were significantly superior (P≤0.002) to low DLIR scores for most structural confidence structures, low contrast detectability, noise, spatial resolution, artifacts, and overall diagnostic quality, and significantly superior (P≤0.03) to medium DLIR scores for all categories except spatial resolution (P=0.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By both objective and subjective measures, the higher levels of DLIR resulted in improved image quality without loss of edge details.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hepatic Arterial Buffer Response: A Unifying Concept for Understanding Perfusional Alterations of the Liver.","authors":"Emily R Cook, Reena C Jha","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this paper is to describe how the hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) manifests in liver imaging and may act as a unifying concept in understanding perfusional variation seen in all imaging modalities. We will introduce HABR pathophysiology. We will then discuss its influence on hepatic perfusion and its common manifestations in daily clinical practice. Radiologists should be able to use this understanding to better identify and delineate underlying pathology. We will also discuss how the HABR may alter the underlying liver parenchyma and contribute to new pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EATV, EAT-CT Attenuation, and PACT-FAI as Predictors of Dual Cardiovascular Outcomes: Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Graft Occlusion.","authors":"Zerui Wang, Hui Wang, Tiantian Yang, Hairong Yu, Kun Li, Peiji Song","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the predictive value of epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV), EAT-CT attenuation, and pericoronary adipose tissue fat attenuation index (PCAT-FAI) for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and graft occlusion after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center retrospective study, 83 patients undergoing CABG with preoperative CCTA were enrolled. EATV, EAT-CT attenuation, pericoronary adipose tissue volume (PCAT volume), and PCAT-FAI were measured. Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to assess their predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a 13-month follow-up, 20.4% developed POAF and 39.8% had graft occlusion. The combination of EATV, EAT-CT attenuation, and PCAT-RCA-FAI predicted POAF with an AUC of 0.880, superior to any single parameter. It also showed improved prediction for graft occlusion (AUC=0.814).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EATV, EAT-CT attenuation, and PCAT-RCA-FAI provide complementary predictive value for POAF and graft occlusion after CABG. Combined use improves preoperative risk stratification and supports clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Early CT on Outcomes for Empyema Patients Admitted Through the Emergency Department.","authors":"Sahil Sardesai, Samuel Brody, Viet Le, Benjamin Shin","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Empyema incidence is rising, with high mortality, and patients frequently requiring invasive procedural management. Early intervention is linked with reduced procedural invasiveness and rates of general complications. CT can aid diagnostic certainty and guide management approaches, but the value of CT timing on outcomes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the association between CT timing and outcomes for patients diagnosed with Empyema who present through the emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of adult empyema patients was performed using TriNetX data (2009 to 2025). Patients were stratified based on timing of CT thorax: patients who received CT the same day as an emergency room (ER) admission (early) versus patients who received CT 1 to 3 days after ER admission (late). Outcomes were assessed at 30 days and included mortality, surgical intervention of any of the lungs, pleura, trachea, or bronchi, ER readmission, and requirement of ventilator support. Kaplan-Meier survival, logistic regression, and frequency-based outcome analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching for demographics, both cohorts included 2250 patients. The mean age was 44 years, and patients were 66% White and 60% male. There were no significant differences in vital signs or leukocyte count between cohorts. Early CT patients experienced significantly lower mortality (98.2% vs. 96.3%; P=0.0002; HR=0.488), a lower risk of invasive surgery (26.7% vs. 40.4%; P<0.0001; RR=0.661), and reduced risk for requiring ventilator support (8.9% vs. 11.7%; P=0.0017; HR=0.748). Early CT was associated with increased all-cause ER readmission (23.47% vs. 17.07%, P<0.0001; RR=1.375).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pyothorax management is of ongoing interest given associated morbidity/mortality, high treatment costs, and frequency of invasive procedures. Early CT is associated with decreased mortality, decreased invasive surgical requirement, decreased ventilator dependence, and increased all-cause 30-day ER readmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroendocrine Malignancies of the Cervix: What Radiologists Need to Know.","authors":"Anugayathri Jawahar, Anand Patel, Love Shah, Thanchanok Chaiprasit, Elizabeth M Jensen, Xianzhong Ding, Margaret R Liotta, Jeanne Horowitz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroendocrine malignancies of the cervix (NEM) are an aggressive tumor with early metastasis and recurrence, resulting in poor prognosis and 5-year mortality ranging from 10% to 25% for later stages of disease. These are a rare malignancy of middle-aged and elderly women with an incidence of <2%. The clinical presentation is like the common cervical cancer-squamous cell carcinoma, presenting with nonspecific vaginal bleeding. Pap smear has very low sensitivity and accuracy for NEM, leading to delayed diagnosis. Due to its low incidence, the lack of specific clinical findings, and the limited sensitivity of Pap smears for diagnosing NEM, delays in diagnosis are common, contributing to a higher number of late-stage presentations. Hence, diagnosis by imaging using features such as intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage, lower ADC values with a cutoff of 0.9×10-3 mm2/s, lymphadenopathy, parametrial and vascular invasion, infiltrative features, and pathologic sampling with immunohistochemical staining is crucial and of paramount importance. We aim to discuss the clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings of NEM and describe the current management options for patients with this aggressive malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics Nomogram Based on Multiparametric MRI for Predicting the Hormone Receptor Status of HER2-Low Expression Breast Cancer.","authors":"Weishu Hou, Qun Wang, Hongli Pan, Shuhai Zhang, Yongqiang Yu","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-based radiomics nomogram to predict hormone receptor (HR) status in HER2-low breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 198 HER2-low expression breast cancer patients who underwent mpMRI in The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hospital from January 2019 to January 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. 69.2% (n=137) of patients were HR-positive, and 30.8% (n=61) were HR-negative. Patients were divided into a training set (n=138) and a testing set (n=60) in a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) images separately, and the radiomics score (radscore) was calculated. The clinical-radiological model (CM), single radiomics model (RM), and mpMRI RM were constructed, and a nomogram integrating radscore with clinical-radiological characteristics was developed. The predictive performance of the models was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area under the curve (AUC) of mpMRI RM in the training set and the testing set was 0.940 and 0.897, respectively, which were superior to that of single-modality models. The nomogram incorporating radscore and clinical-radiological characteristics, including ADC value, T2SI radio, and enhancement pattern, demonstrated higher AUC in both the training set (AUC=0.957) and testing set (AUC=0.891) than other RMs in predicting HR status of HER2-low expression breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An mpMRI-based nomogram incorporating radscore and clinical-radiological characteristics showed good predictive efficacy for assessing the HR status of HER2-low expression breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-Based Quantitative Assessment of Calcific Tendinopathy: Imaging Predictors and Thresholds for Rotator Cuff Tear Detection.","authors":"Safiye Sanem Dereli Bulut, Berfin Akcayoz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantitatively evaluate MRI-derived morphologic and bursal parameters in patients with calcific tendinopathy (CaT) of the shoulder and to determine imaging thresholds predictive of rotator cuff (RC) tears.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective, single-center study, 112 patients with calcific tendinopathy who met the inclusion criteria were included (January 2020 to April 2025). Patients with CaT confirmed by radiography or computed tomography were included. Exclusion criteria were prior shoulder surgery, incomplete MRI sequences, severe motion artifacts, or calcifications outside the RC tendons. MRI features recorded included tendon involvement, calcification morphology (solitary or multifocal), maximum deposit size, bursal thickness, and presence of bursitis. RC tear presence and severity were assessed in 3 planes on fluid-sensitive sequences. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined optimal thresholds for tear prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 134 eligible patients, 112 met inclusion criteria (84 females, 28 males; mean age: 50.3±10.5 y). RC tears were identified in 42.9% of cases. Multifocal morphology was more frequent in patients with tears (79.2% vs. 25.0%, P<0.001). Mean deposit size was greater in the tear group (10.2±3.5 vs. 8.5±2.6 mm, P=0.004); ROC analysis identified a ≥9 mm cutoff (AUC=0.62). Bursal thickness was significantly higher in the tear group (5.1±2.1 vs. 2.8±1.9 mm, P<0.001), with a ≥5 mm threshold demonstrating good predictive value (AUC=0.81). Bursitis was more prevalent in tear cases (97.9% vs. 62.5%, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI-derived multifocal calcification morphology, deposit size ≥9 mm, and bursal thickness ≥5 mm are significant predictors of RC tears in CaT. Quantitative assessment of these parameters can enhance MRI interpretation and may guide early management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hepatic Fibrosis Through Radiomics Models Utilizing Diffusion-Based Virtual Magnetic Resonance Elastography.","authors":"Hua-Shan Liu, Chia-Bang Chen, Kuan-Lin Wu, Chen-Te Chou","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the potential of the radiomic features derived from the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based elastography in identifying patients with different liver fibrosis stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 151 patients with liver fibrosis, collected between January 2018 and August 2021, were included. Liver fibrosis staging was determined using histopathology from surgical resection specimens, assessed by the METAVIR scoring system, with significant fibrosis defined as ≥F2 and advanced fibrosis as ≥F3. Shifted apparent diffusion coefficient (sADC) and virtual MR elastography (vMRE) were calculated from the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique with b values of 200 and 1500 s/mm2. A total of 3222 radiomic features were extracted. A support vector machine was applied to build a classification model with radiomic features. We compared the results of models constructed by the mean values of MRE, radiomic features of sADC, vMRE, and sADC + vMRE in identifying significant and advanced liver fibrosis. The corresponding radiomics scores were also applied in each subject for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>sADC and vMRE data without clinical data provided better classification performance than that of combined features of imaging and clinical data. As compared with MRE, the radiomics model derived from sADC + vMRE yielded higher AUCs of 0.90 and 0.91 in identifying significant and advanced liver fibrosis stages, respectively. Radiomics scores achieved a comparable AUC of 0.91. The radiomics scores of sADC + vMRE were significantly correlated with the pathologic fibrosis stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The application of radiomics in sADC and vMRE performed well to identify different stages of liver fibrosis. Radiomics applied to sADC and vMRE may provide complementary information that is associated with histopathologic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Mid and Low-Field MR Imaging Systems: What Does the Future Hold?","authors":"Hersh Chandarana, Luke Ginocchio, Daniel K Sodickson","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal Imaging Interpretive Errors in a Quality Assurance Database: One Institution's Experience Over a 5-Year Period.","authors":"Michio Taya, Theresia Aschauer, Javier Villanueva-Meyer, K Pallav Kolli, Benjamin M Yeh, Spencer C Behr","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We hypothesized that interpretive error location and patient harm are significantly associated in a quality assurance database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed all interpretive errors reported in the abdomen and pelvis in a quality assurance database over a 5-year period. Imaging exam data, interpretive error, anatomic location, and clinical outcome by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Harm Scale were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>263 interpretive error reports were identified. The most reported error locations included hepatobiliary (15%), gastrointestinal tract (13%), bone (13%), reproductive organs (12%), and peritoneum/mesentery/omentum (12%). Of the 263, 165 (63%) errors were found to result in any patient harm, compared with 98/263 (37%) errors with no harm. Anatomic category was significantly associated with harm when adjusted for age, sex, exam setting, and exam priority in our logistic regression model (P=0.003). When compared with hepatobiliary errors, errors in the kidney/ureter/bladder, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive organs were associated with greater odds of harm. Errors in the peritoneum/mesentery/omentum and bone were associated with smaller odds of harm. Retroperitoneum/body wall and vascular errors had similar odds of harm to hepatobiliary errors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interpretive error location is significantly associated with patient harm. Our results may inform an evidence-based approach toward improving the process by which errors are reviewed in radiology quality assurance programs. The most reported interpretive error locations in an abdominal imaging quality assurance system are not necessarily the most harmful to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}