Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography最新文献

{"title":"IDEAL-IQ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fat Fraction Quantification in Distinguishing Thymic Hyperplasia From Low-Risk Thymoma and Thymic Lymphoma in Adulthood: A Reliability and Efficacy Analysis.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Xiu-Long Feng, Yu-Hui Ma, Jiang-Tao Lan, Shu-Mei Wang, Guang Yang, Yu-Chuan Hu, Guang-Bin Cui","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001688","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Detection of fat content in thymic lesions is essential to differentiate thymic hyperplasia from thymic tumors. This study assesses the reliability and efficacy of \"iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation quantization\" IDEAL-IQ magnetic resonance sequence in distinguishing thymic hyperplasia from low-risk thymoma and thymic lymphoma in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty patients with thymic hyperplasia, 28 low-risk thymomas, and 13 thymic lymphomas were respectively enrolled. All subjects underwent conventional thorax magnetic resonance imaging and IDEAL-IQ sequence. The fat fraction (FF mean and FF total ), signal intensity index, and R2* values of the lesions were compared for differences among 3 groups by the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the differentiating efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both FF mean and FF total values in patients with thymic hyperplasia are significantly higher than those in patients with low-risk thymoma and thymic lymphoma (FF mean : 26.41% vs 1.78% and 1.93%, FF total : 27.67% vs 2.21% and 2.44%; both P  < 0.001), whereas there was no significant difference in these values between low-risk thymomas and thymic lymphomas (both P  > 0.05). Similarly, signal intensity index and R2* values of thymic hyperplasia were significantly higher than those of patients with low-risk thymoma and thymic lymphoma ( P  < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that FF mean had an area under the curve of 0.998, with a cutoff of 4.78% yielding 95.12% sensitivity and 100% specificity, and FF total had an area under the curve of 0.994, with a cutoff of 8.57% yielding 97.56% sensitivity and 96.67% specificity in distinguishing thymic hyperplasia from tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IDEAL-IQ sequence provides accurate fat quantitative parameters and can differentiate thymic hyperplasia from thymic neoplasms with robust efficacy and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12071501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Clinical Trial Efficiency: The Impact of a Dual Digital Alert System on Quantitative Imaging Report Turnaround Time.","authors":"Rucha Bhalde, Ceylan Altintas Taslicay, Mayur Virarkar, Jia Sun, Sean Michael Burke, Anish Nayak, Sujaya Rao, Sadhale Mayuresh, Ajaykumar Morani, Priya Bhosale","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001692","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a dual digital alert system and automatic radiologist reassignment in improving the efficiency of quantitative imaging report delivery for clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Assessing tumor metrics is critical to oncologic disease management, informed treatment planning, and for monitoring therapeutic response and even more so in cancer clinical research trials. A collaborative effort with the Institutional Research Information Systems division led to developing a web-based system with a Java backend, tested using Agile methodology to improve patient care with improved turnaround time (TAT) of quantitative reports. The system sent dual digital alerts including a page and an email notification to the radiologist based on the last submitted date and time for each QIAC report and autoreassigned radiologists till report finalization. Data was extracted from the Quantitative Imaging Analysis Core database for comparing the TAT, calculated as time difference between the submission of preliminary reports by Imaging Research Specialists and the finalization by radiologists before and after the digital alert system implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implementing the dual digital alert system significantly increased the number of cases finalized within 6 hours to 50%. For nonexpedited cases, the mean TAT decreased by 57.2% from 85.9 hours to 36.8 hours ( P < 0.001). Expedited cases saw a reduction in mean TAT by 63.7% from 44.9 hours to 16.3 hours ( P  = 0.022). Baseline and follow-up cases also showed significantly reduced mean and median TAT after deployment ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dual digital alert system and automatic radiologist reassignment significantly improved the TAT for quantitative imaging reports in clinical trials. This enhancement in report delivery efficiency led to better therapeutic decision making and increased patient satisfaction in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"471-479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prototype \"Smart\" 3-Dimensionally Printed Model Showcasing Interactivity: Implementing Voice Command for the Ventricular and Cisternal Systems.","authors":"Cullen Fleming, Navid Mostaghni, Iman Elsayed, Sabrina Hsiao, Raheleh Taghvaei, Lauren Arsenault, Ramin Javan","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001695","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The next step in the evolution of static 3-dimensionally (3D) printed models may be the creation of \"smart\" models, where subcomponents can be seamlessly interacted with through a feedback mechanism, with potential applications in trainee education and patient counseling. Considering the complexity of the ventricular and cisternal systems, they were chosen for segmentation, using Materialize InPrint with outward hollowing using 2.5-mm wall thickness. After 3D printing, dedicated holes were drilled for placement of wired light emitting diodes (LEDs) in anatomical landmarks and connected to an Arduino Uno microcontroller. This was coupled to a Bluetooth transceiver for communication via an Android cellular device. C++ was used to match each LED to a particular pin number on the Arduino board. When the user verbalizes a structure, the Bluetooth sends a command to the Arduino, where the code looks for the \"trigger word,\" subsequently sending a signal to illuminate the corresponding LED. The system requires wireless/cellular data for communication with the voice recognition engine on the Google server. The described method may serve as a prototype for when 3D printers are capable of simultaneously printing conductive material or wiring along with the main material within a model to allow for integration of feedback devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"502-508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Dual-Energy CT for Differentiating Hemorrhage From Iodine Extravasation in Meningiomas After Preoperative Embolization.","authors":"Ryutaro Uchimura, Zaw Aung Khant, Hidetaka Hayashi, Yasunori Nagayama, Hiroyuki Uetani, Yasuyuki Kaku, Tatsuhiro Nagatomo, Yoshitaka Tamura, Kiyotaka Yokogami, Akitake Mukasa, Hiro Kiyosue, Minako Azuma, Toshinori Hirai","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001685","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Discriminating between hemorrhage and iodine extravasation can pose challenges in conventional computed tomography (CCT) images following preoperative embolization for meningioma. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in differentiating hemorrhage from iodine extravasation after preoperative embolization for meningioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one consecutive meningioma patients who underwent CCT before and DECT immediately after preoperative embolization were included in this study. Two independent observers conducted qualitative assessments on CCT and virtual noncontrast (VNC) images and iodine maps (IMs) to differentiate between hemorrhage and iodine extravasation. One observer recorded CT values of hemorrhage and iodine extravasation on CCT and VNC images. The ratio of maximum attenuation to minimum attenuation on VNC images was defined as the VNC ratio. Statistical analysis included Kappa ( κ ) statistics, unpaired t tests, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interobserver agreement for qualitative assessment was fair ( κ  = 0.231) for CCT alone and good ( κ  = 0.723) for CCT plus VNC imaging and IM. The addition of VNC imaging and IM to CCT improved differential confidence in 16 (76%) and 18 (86%) cases of the two observers, respectively, increasing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) from 0.868 to 0.895 and 0.658 to 0.947, respectively. At a cutoff value of 1.527, the VNC ratio was significantly higher for hemorrhage than iodine extravasation ( P  < 0.05), with the highest diagnostic performance (AUROC, 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DECT with VNC imaging and IM is useful for differentiating hemorrhage from iodine extravasation in meningiomas with preoperative embolization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"493-501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography in Preoperative Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism After Negative or Inconclusive Sestamibi: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Karen Smayra, Shahid Miangul, Joseph Nasr, Alma Sato, Sum-Yu C Lee, Liranne Bitton, Nour El Ghazal, Kyle G Alexander, Hayato Nakanishi, Christian A Than, Raman Uberoi","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001689","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) scans for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) after negative or inconclusive Technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography scan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search of several databases was conducted from inception to August 2023. Eligible studies reported adult patients (>18 years old) who underwent 4D-CT after negative or inconclusive sestamibi results. The pooled proportions were analyzed using a random-effects model. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023446285).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 208 initial studies screened, 10 met the eligibility criteria, with a total of 335 patients with a diagnosis of pHPT who underwent 4D-CT scans and subsequent surgical exploration. Nine of the studies reported a pooled sensitivity of localization of 71% (0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.610, 0.811, I2  = 72%). The pooled specificity of localization across 5 studies was calculated at 47% (0.47; 95% CI: -0.111, 1.059, I2  = 99%). Seven of the included studies reported a pooled positive predictive value of 81% (0.81; 95% CI: 0.708, 0.917, I2  = 70%), and 6 of the studies reported a negative predictive value of 28% (0.28; 95% CI: -0.114, 0.683, I2  = 98%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For pHPT patients with inconclusive sestamibi scans, 4D-CT demonstrates promising results with good diagnostic accuracy for the localization of pHPT. Additional studies evaluating larger groups of patients may provide further support for the use of 4D-CT in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"509-518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Whole-Volume Radiomics Machine Learning Model Based on Multiparametric MRI in Predicting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Tingting Xu, Xueli Zhang, Huan Tang, Ting Hua Bd, Fuxia Xiao, Zhijun Cui, Guangyu Tang, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001691","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the value of radiomics analysis in the precise diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 326 patients with pathologically proven breast cancer (TNBC: 129, non-TNBC: 197). The lesions were segmented using the ITK-SNAP software, and whole-volume radiomics features were extracted using a radiomics platform. Radiomics features were obtained from DCE-MRI and ADC maps. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression method was employed for feature selection. Three prediction models were constructed using a support vector machine classifier: Model A (based on the selected features of the ADC maps), Model B (based on the selected features of DCE-MRI), and Model C (based on the selected features of both combined). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the conventional MR image model and the 3 radiomics models in predicting TNBC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training dataset, the AUCs for the conventional MR image model and the 3 radiomics models were 0.749, 0.801, 0.847, and 0.896. The AUCs for the conventional MR image model and 3 radiomics models in the validation dataset were 0.693, 0.742, 0.793, and 0.876, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radiomics based on the combination of whole volume DCE-MRI and ADC maps is a promising tool for distinguishing between TNBC and non-TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Chest Radiographs Developed From Computed Tomography Images for Differentiating Central Venous Versus Misplaced Arterial Lines and for Training Radiologists.","authors":"Satoru Morita, Akihiro Inoue, Yasuhiro Kunihiro, Toshihiro Ono, Sota Endo, Takahiro Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamazaki, Yoshiko Bamba, Shigeki Yamaguchi, Shuji Sakai","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001690","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Radiographic findings to identify central venous catheter misplacement in the arteries, which can cause lethal complications, have not been fully evaluated, and its training is difficult because it is rare. The purpose of this study is to clarify radiographic findings for differentiating central venous and misplaced arterial lines using virtual chest radiographs and elucidate their usefulness in training radiologists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 150 patients (mean age, 67 [SD, ±12] years; 97 men) who underwent colon cancer surgery between January 2018 and December 2020. Virtual chest radiographs, including 6 oblique projections at 5° intervals, were developed from the computed tomography images using ray-sum reconstruction. Virtual venous and arterial lines were drawn from the right neck to the superior vena cava and aorta, respectively. Diagnostic abilities, including area under the curve (AUC) analysis of the 7 proposed radiographic findings for differentiating these lines in 100 patients, were evaluated. The diagnostic performance, including AUC analysis by 5 radiologists in the other 50 patients, was compared before and after disclosing these results to the radiologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of crossing over the right paratracheal stripe and running along the paracaval line showed the highest AUC for indicating arterial and venous lines in the frontal, right anterior oblique 15°, and left anterior oblique 15° projections (AUC = 0.992, 0.991, and 0.979, and 1.000, 0.994, and 0.998, respectively). The diagnostic performance of the radiologists improved after informing them of these results (AUC, 0.982-0.999 to 0.993-1.000 [ P  = 0.145-1.000] for the frontal projections and 0.932-0.970 to 0.967-0.995 [ P  = 0.075-0.150] for the oblique projections).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Virtual chest radiographs created from computed tomography images were useful for clarifying radiographic findings for differentiating central venous and misplaced arterial lines and for training radiologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"440-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating a Practical Correction for Intravenous Contrast on Computed Tomography-Based Muscle Density.","authors":"Jevin Lortie, Deborah Ufearo, Scott Hetzel, Perry J Pickhardt, Timothy P Szczykutowicz, Adam J Kuchnia","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001682","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Computed tomography (CT) measured muscle density is prognostic of health outcomes. However, the use of intravenous contrast obscures prognoses by artificially increasing CT muscle density. We previously established a correction to equalize contrast and noncontrast muscle density measurements. While this correction was validated internally, the objective of this study was to obtain external validation using different patient cohorts, muscle regions, and CT series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CT images from 109 patients with kidney tumors who received abdominal CT scans with a multiphase intravenous contrast protocol were analyzed. Paraspinal muscle density measurements taken during noncontrast, venous phase, and delayed phase contrast scans were collected. An a priori correction of -7.5 Hounsfield units (HU) was applied to muscle measurements. Equivalence testing was utilized to determine statistical similarity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the sample of 109 patients (mean age: 63 years [SD: 14.3]; 41.3% female), densities in smaller regions of interest within the paraspinal muscles and the entire paraspinal muscle density (PS) in venous and delayed phase contrast scans were higher than in noncontrast. Equivalence testing showed that average corrected contrast and noncontrast muscle densities were within 3 HU for both muscle measures for the total patient sample, and for a majority of male and female subsamples. The correction is suitable for regions of interests of venous contrast (90% CI: -1.90, -0.69 HU) and delayed contrast scans (90% CI: 0.075, 1.29 HU) and within the PS measures of venous contrast (90% CI: -2.04, -0.94 HU) and delayed contrast scans (90% CI: -0.11, 0.89 HU).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The previously established correction for contrast of -7.5 HU was applied in a new patient population, axial muscle region, muscle measurement size, and expanded on previously studied contrast phases. The correction produced contrast-corrected muscle densities that were statistically equivalent to noncontrast muscle densities. The simplicity of the correction gives clinicians a tool that seamlessly integrates into practice or research to improve harmonization of data between contrast and noncontrast scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"480-485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12071502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Reconstruction for Enhanced Resolution and Image Quality in Breath-Hold MRCP: A Preliminary Study.","authors":"Kaori Shiraishi, Takeshi Nakaura, Naofumi Yoshida, Kensei Matsuo, Naoki Kobayashi, Masamichi Hokamura, Hiroyuki Uetani, Yasunori Nagayama, Masafumi Kidoh, Kosuke Morita, Yuichi Yamashita, Yasuhito Tanaka, Hideo Baba, Toshinori Hirai","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001680","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This preliminary study aims to assess the image quality of enhanced-resolution deep learning reconstruction (ER-DLR) in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and compare it with non-ER-DLR MRCP images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our retrospective study incorporated 34 patients diagnosed with biliary and pancreatic disorders. We obtained MRCP images using a single breath-hold MRCP on a 3T MRI system. We reconstructed MRCP images with ER-DLR (matrix = 768 × 960) and without ER-DLR (matrix = 256 × 320). Quantitative evaluation involved measuring the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the common bile duct and periductal tissues, and slope. Two radiologists independently scored image noise, contrast, artifacts, sharpness, and overall image quality for the 2 image types using a 4-point scale. Results are expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR), and we compared quantitative and qualitative scores employing the Wilcoxon test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In quantitative analyses, ER-DLR significantly improved SNR (21.08 [IQR: 14.85, 31.5] vs 15.07 [IQR: 9.57, 25.23], P  < 0.001), CNR (19.29 [IQR: 13.87, 24.98] vs 11.23 [IQR: 8.98, 15.74], P  < 0.001), contrast (0.96 [IQR: 0.94, 0.97] vs 0.9 [IQR: 0.87, 0.92], P  < 0.001), and slope of MRCP (0.62 [IQR: 0.56, 0.66] vs 0.49 [IQR: 0.45, 0.53], P  < 0.001). The qualitative evaluation demonstrated significant improvements in the perceived noise ( P  < 0.001), contrast ( P  = 0.013), sharpness ( P  < 0.001), and overall image quality ( P  < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ER-DLR markedly increased the resolution, SNR, and CNR of breath-hold-MRCP compared to cases without ER-DLR.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 3","pages":"367-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Multiparametric MRI for Detection of Prostate Cancer After Focal Therapy.","authors":"Robert D Petrocelli, Barun Bagga, Sooah Kim, Vinay Prabhu, Kun Qian, Ezequiel Becher, Samir S Taneja, Angela Tong","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001703","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Minimally invasive focal therapy of low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer is becoming more common and has demonstrated lower morbidity compared to other treatments. Multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has the potential to be an effective posttreatment evaluation method for residual/recurrent neoplasm.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the ability of mpMRI to detect residual/recurrent neoplasm after focal therapy treatment of prostate cancer using a 3-point Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who underwent focal therapy utilizing cryoablation, high-frequency ultrasound, and radiofrequency ablation for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer with baseline mpMRI and biopsy and a 6- to 12-month follow-up mpMRI and biopsy. Three abdominal fellowship-trained readers were asked to evaluate the follow-up mpMRI utilizing a 3-point Likert scale based on the level of suspicion as \"nonviable,\" \"equivocal,\" or \"viable.\" Diagnostic statistics and Light's κ for interreader variability were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 142 patients were included (mean age, 65 ± 7 years). When considering \"equivocal\" or \"viable\" as positive, the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for detecting recurrent grade group (GG) 2 or greater disease for Reader 1 were 0.47, 0.83, 0.24, 0.93, and 0.65; for Reader 2, 0.73, 0.75, 0.26, 0.96, and 0.74; and for Reader 3, 0.73, 0.57, 0.17, 0.95, and 0.65. When considering \"viable\" as positive, the overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC for Reader 1 were 0.47, 0.92, 0.41, 0.94, and 0.69; for Reader 2, 0.33, 0.97, 0.56, 0.93, and 0.65; and for Reader 3, 0.53, 0.84, 0.29, 0.94, and 0.69. κ was 0.39.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that DCE and DWI are the most important sequences in mpMRI and demonstrates the efficacy of utilizing a 3-point grading system in detecting and diagnosing prostate cancer after focal therapy.</p><p><strong>Clinical impact: </strong>mpMRI can be used to monitor for residual/recurrent disease after focal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"391-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}