Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography最新文献

{"title":"CSF Susceptibility Variation in Patient With Intracranial Hemorrhage: Implications for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Reference Selection.","authors":"Shutao Wang, Pascal Spincemaille, Magdy Selim, David Hasan, Ajith J Thomas, Aristotelis Filippidis, Yan Wen, Yi Wang, Salil Soman","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001660","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an emerging MRI technique with multiple clinical applications. As tissue susceptibility cannot be directly measured using MRI, QSM imaging techniques must indirectly compute susceptibility values, requiring regularization methods. CSF is a popular choice for regularization due to its near water susceptibility in healthy controls. However, the impact of pus, elevated protein, or blood dissolved in CSF on QSM regularization is not well defined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on selecting CSF as reference for QSM imaging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 87 subjects, 53 with ICH (5 intraventricular, 19 subarachnoid, 27 both, and 2 intraparenchymal only) and 37 without hemorrhage (27 with MS, 10 without MS), were included in this study. Imaging was performed using 3D multiecho gradient echo, FLAIR, and multiecho complex total field inversion (mcTFI) at 3 T. McTFI with and without CSF zero-referencing regularization was generated from the 3DMEGRE data and reviewed with FLAIR images. Regions of hemorrhagic (H+) and nonhemorrhagic (H-) CSF were manually selected in reference to head CT and FLAIR images by a PGY III diagnostic radiology resident and Certificate of Added Qualification-certified neuroradiologist with 10 years' experience. Paired Student t test and one-way ANOVA were used with post hoc multicomparisons. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Areas of H- CSF were noted to have higher regularized QSM values in subjects with ICH relative to subjects without. Unregularized H- QSM values were also noted to have a systematically higher value in ICH subjects relative to subjects without blood. Subjects with MS and without ICH did not show significant difference in H- CSF regularized or unregularized QSM values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>QSM values of areas suggested to not have hemorrhage on other imaging showed significantly higher QSM values in ICH subjects relative to subjects without ICH. Additionally, areas of hemorrhage did not show significant QSM value difference between regularized and unregularized QSM images. These findings suggest that, in subjects with any area of ICH, QSM values for no-hemorrhagic areas may be significantly altered using CSF regularization relative to subjects without ICH, with implications for intra- and intersubject QSM value analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"332-341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Foreword from the Guest Editor: Guest Section on Sustainability.","authors":"Lakshmi Ananthakrishnan","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001722","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001722","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 2","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor and Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia: A Report of 5 Cases, Including 2 Skull Base Cases With Arterial Spin Label Perfusion.","authors":"Inayat Grewal, Nancy Fischbein, Robert Dodd, K Christine Lee, Juan Fernandez-Miranda, E Deborah Sellmeyer, Nancy Pham","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001676","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting and impaired bone mineralization secondary to secretion of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) from mesenchymal tumors (phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors, PMTs). PMTs have wide anatomical distribution but typically affect extremities and craniofacial bones. Diagnosis of TIO/PMT is often delayed, and a high index of suspicion is essential in patients with unexplained fractures, but many physicians lack familiarity with TIO/PMT and simply attribute fractures to the more common diagnosis of osteoporosis. We present 5 cases of TIO, with 4 having long histories of multiple insufficiency fractures prior to recognition of TIO and localization of a PMT. Four patients were treated surgically, while 1 preferred medical management. Two patients had lesions localized to the skull base, both of which showed marked hypervascularity on arterial spin label perfusion imaging. Thus, arterial spin label may not only help to localize these tumors, but may also be a helpful supplemental imaging finding in supporting this diagnosis. PMT should be considered in the differential diagnosis for hypervascular skull base masses, especially if the patient has any history of insufficiency fracture or imaging evidence of osteopenia, as early diagnosis of TIO can help prevent disabling complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"308-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Patient Positioning on CT Number Accuracy: A Phantom Study Comparing Energy Integrating and Deep Silicon Photon Counting Detector CT.","authors":"Aria M Salyapongse, Sean D Rose, Perry J Pickhardt, Meghan G Lubner, Giuseppe V Toia, Robert Bujila, Zhye Yin, Scott Slavic, Timothy P Szczykutowicz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001670","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patient positioning during clinical practice can be challenging, and mispositioning leads to a change in CT number. CT number fluctuation was assessed in single-energy (SE) EID, dual-energy (DE) EID, and deep silicon photon-counting detector (PCD) CT over water-equivalent diameter (WED) with different mispositions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phantom containing five clinically relevant inserts (Mercury Phantom, Gammex) was scanned on a clinical EID CT and a deep silicon PCD CT prototype at vertical positions of 0, 4, 8, and 12 cm. EID scans used 120 kV and rapid kV-switching DE techniques. CT number was calculated for air, water, polystyrene, iodine 10 mg/mL, and bone. Ideal CT numbers were calculated using the NIST XCOM database toolkit. Comparison of measured to ideal CT number utilized relative root mean square error (RMSE). Trends in CT number versus WED were compared using linear regression and statistical comparisons to test for differences in slope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistical difference of CT number with mispositioning was seen between acquisition modes. CT number fluctuation was larger due to WED than mispositioning for all material inserts. Water, iodine, and bone, for deep silicon PCD CT had statistically significant ( P  < 0.05) smaller slopes compared to EIDof CT number over WED for all tested mispositions. The accuracy of deep silicon PCD CT was higher than either SE or DE EID CT for all materials at all mispositions except for polystyrene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WED (ie, patient size) contributes to CT number fluctuation more than mispositioning. The change in CT number was significantly smaller, and CT number accuracy was higher for deep silicon PCD CT in this phantom study.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Delta Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Classification and Ki-67 Expression.","authors":"Jiao-Jiao Fan, Yang Liu, Guanxiong Li, Rui-Chao Liu, Ziteng Xie","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for 90% to 95% of all cases. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of delta apparent diffusion coefficient (dADC) values in distinguishing between type I and type II EOC and to explore its correlation with Ki-67 expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis included 95 patients (mean age: 51.6 ± 12.5 y; range: 17 to 73 y) diagnosed with EOC at our hospital from September 2021 to August 2023. Of these, 51 patients had type I EOC (low-grade serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, or borderline tumors), and 44 had type II EOC (high-grade serous carcinoma or high-grade endometrioid carcinoma). Bilateral lesions were observed in 16.8% of patients. Preoperative MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), serum CA125 levels, and postoperative immunohistochemical Ki-67 expression, were analyzed. Tumor staging was based on the 2021 FIGO criteria. Minimum ADC (minADC), maximum ADC (maxADC), and dADC values were calculated from the solid tumor components. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed diagnostic performance, and the correlation between dADC and Ki-67 expression was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maxADC and minADC of type II EOC were lower than those of type I, while dADC was higher than type I (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the efficacy of dADC in distinguishing between type I and type II EOC was higher than that of minADC and maxADC (P<0.05). When the dADC threshold was 0.31×10-3 mm2/s, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.982, with a sensitivity of 95.3% and specificity of 97.3%. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between dADC and Ki-67 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>dADC has a certain value in accurately distinguishing between type I and type II EOC preoperatively, and it can reflect the proliferative activity of tumor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Computed Tomography Image Reconstruction: A Review of Recent Advances.","authors":"Ran Zhang, Timothy P Szczykutowicz, Giuseppe V Toia","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of novel image reconstruction algorithms has been pivotal in enhancing image quality and reducing radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) imaging. Traditional techniques like filtered back projection perform well under ideal conditions but fail to generate high-quality images under low-dose, sparse-view, and limited-angle conditions. Iterative reconstruction methods improve upon filtered back projection by incorporating system models and assumptions about the patient, yet they can suffer from patchy image textures. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning, has further advanced CT reconstruction. AI techniques have demonstrated great potential in reducing radiation dose while preserving image quality and noise texture. Moreover, AI has exhibited unprecedented performance in addressing challenging CT reconstruction problems, including low-dose CT, sparse-view CT, limited-angle CT, and interior tomography. This review focuses on the latest advances in AI-based CT reconstruction under these challenging conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of CT Histogram Analysis to Differentiate Lung Metastases From Second Primary Lung Cancer to Decrease Need for Lung Biopsy.","authors":"Erkan Bilgin, Ezel Yaltirik Bilgin, Ahmet Bayrak, Şahap Törenek","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Differentiating lung metastasis from second primary lung cancer is crucial for determining the appropriate treatment strategy. Lung biopsy, the gold standard for diagnosis, is an invasive procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of CT histogram analysis as a noninvasive method for differentiating these 2 conditions in solitary pulmonary nodules.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on CT images of patients with solitary pulmonary nodule, confirmed to be either lung metastasis or second primary lung cancer histopathologically. Histogram analysis features of the lesion and perilesional area were extracted from the CT images and subjected to statistical analysis to identify significant differences between the 2 groups. The performance of histogram analysis was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data of 26 (46%) patients whose lung biopsy pathology was determined as second primary lung cancer and 30 (54%) patients defined as lung metastasis were investigated. The second primary lung cancer's mean pathologic tumor diameter was statistically higher than the lung metastasis [25.3 (5.7) mm, 18.3(5.6) mm; P=0.003]. The mean skewness (P=0.020) and entropy (P=0.018) values in the second primary lung cancer were statistically significantly lower in the lesion area. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean measurement of SD (P=0.001), skewness (P<0.001), kurtosis (P<0.001), and entropy (P<0.001) values between the 2 groups in the perilesional area.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CT histogram analysis shows promise as a noninvasive method for differentiating lung metastasis from second primary lung cancer in solitary pulmonary nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography to Differentiate Atypical Cardiac Myxoma From Thrombus.","authors":"Nannan Zhang, Chuanqiang Lan, Zeliu Du, Guihan Lin, Yi Zhong, Jingle Fei, Kan Liu, Jiansong Ji, Chenying Lu","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Atypical cardiac myxoma usually presents as an isolated mass attached to the atrial septum on imaging, with no movement and a wider attachment base. It is difficult to distinguish it from cardiac thrombus through conventional echocardiography or computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of CT coronary angiography imaging features in distinguishing atypical cardiac myxoma from cardiac thrombus.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with atypical myxoma of the heart confirmed by histopathology (n = 18) and with thrombus disappearance after anticoagulation treatment (n = 23). All patients underwent a third-generation dual-source CT coronary angiography. We compared the clinical features and CT coronary angiography image characteristics of the 2 groups and used maximum-intensity projection and multiplanar reconstruction to show neovascularization of atypical cardiac myxoma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There are significant differences in the origin, surface, and enhancement patterns between atypical cardiac myxoma and thrombus (P < 0.05, respectively). Specifically, supplied vessels were observed in the atypical cardiac myxoma group, while no neovascularization was detected in the thrombus group (83.33% vs. 0%, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Noninvasive CT coronary angiography can help distinguish atypical cardiac myxoma and cardiac thrombus through imaging features, especially by detecting the supplying vessels. However, supplementary examinations such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are still needed to identify different cardiac tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Shaping Computed Tomography Applications.","authors":"Julian Wong, Peter Kutschera, Kenneth K Lau","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spectral shaping (also known as spectral filtration) has been utilized in some of the latest computed tomography (CT) systems. This technique involves using tin (Sn) or silver (Ag) filters, which selectively absorb low-energy photons. This review aims to demonstrate the utility of spectral shaping across a wide range of protocols and clinical situations. Spectral-shaped CT protocols using tin filters allow for the acquisition of diagnostic images and greatly reduce the radiation dose, metal artifacts, and photon starvation. These features make spectral shaping suitable for various clinical situations in diagnostic and interventional CT imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Pediatric Abdominopelvic Photon-Counting Versus Energy-Integrating Detector CT.","authors":"Marilyn J Siegel, Matthew Allan Thomas, Adeel Haq, Noah Seymore, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Andres Abadia","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adoption of abdominal photon counting detector CT (PCD-CT) into clinical pediatric CT practice requires evidence that it provides diagnostic images at acceptable radiation doses. Thus, this study aimed to compare radiation dose and image quality of PCD-CT and conventional energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) in pediatric abdominopelvic CT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This institutional review board-approved retrospective study included 147 children (median age 8.5 y; 80 boys, 67 girls) who underwent clinically indicated contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic PCD-CT between October 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023 and 147 children (median age 8.5 y; 74 boys, 73 girls) who underwent EID-CT between July 1, 2021 and January 1, 2022. Patients in the 2 groups were matched by age and effective diameter. Radiation dose parameters (CT dose index volume, CTDIvol; dose length product, DLP; size-specific dose estimate, SSDE) were recorded. In a subset of 25 matched pairs, subjective image quality was assessed on a scale of 1 to 4 (1=highest quality), and liver attenuation, dose-normalized noise, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured. Groups were compared using parametric and/or nonparametric testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 147 matched pairs, there were no significant differences in sex (P=0.576), age (P=0.084), or diameter (P=0.668). PCD-CT showed significantly lower median CTDIvol, DLP, and SSDE (1.6 mGy, 63.8 mGy-cm, 3.1 mGy) compared with EID-CT (3.7 mGy, 155.3 mGy-cm, 6.0 mGy) (P<0.001). In the subset of 25 patients, PCD-CT and EID-CT showed no significant difference in overall image quality for reader 1 (1.0 vs. 1.0, P=0.781) or reader 2 (1.0 vs. 1.0, P=0.817), or artifacts for reader 1 (1.0 vs. 1.0, P=0.688) or reader 2 (1.0 vs. 1.0, P=0.219). After normalizing for radiation dose, image noise was significantly lower with PCD-CT (P<0.001), while CNR in the liver (P=0.244) and portal vein (P=0.079) were comparable to EID-CT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abdominopelvic PCD-CT in children significantly reduces radiation dose while maintaining subjective image quality, and accounting for dose levels, has the potential to lower image noise and achieve comparable CNR to EID-CT. These data expand understanding of the capabilities of PCD-CT and support its routine use in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}