Journal of Attention Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Transitioning From Pediatric to Adult Psychiatric Care for ADHD in Sweden: A Nationwide Study.","authors":"MaiBritt Giacobini, Jingcheng Zhao, Jonatan Freilich, Carolina Malmgren, Niklas Wallin Bernhardsson, Ewa Ahnemark","doi":"10.1177/10870547241303259","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241303259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate care transition and medication use in young adults with ADHD in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Observational retrospective study of patients with ADHD from the Swedish National Patient Register, Prescribed Drug Register, and Cause of Death Register (2018-2020). Last contact with pediatric psychiatric care, first contact with adult psychiatric care, and medication use were described for ages 18 to 21 years, inclusive.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 19,233 patients who had dispensed ADHD treatment, 85.8% had received adult psychiatric care by 21 years of age. The proportion of patients on medication was highest at age 18 years (80.1%), decreasing to 36.1% by age 21 years. By 21 years, there were significantly more patients on versus off ADHD medication who had received healthcare for autism, been prescribed selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, and received adult psychiatric outpatient visits (all <i>p</i> < .0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates declining ADHD medication use during the pediatric-to-adult care transition for patients in Sweden.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Frontal QRS-T Angle in Children With ADHD and Healthy Controls.","authors":"Fethiye Kılıçaslan, Aybike Tan, Zulkif Tanriverdi","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288353","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle and its correlation with symptom severity in children diagnosed with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of 172 patients diagnosed with ADHD (120 drug naive and 52 drug positive) and 82 healthy controls. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Atilla Turgay DSM-IV-Based Screening and Assessment Scale for Disruptive Conduct Disorders (T-DSM-IV-Scale). The fQRS-T angle and corrected QT (QTc) interval were obtained from the automated reports of 12-lead electrocardiography device for each patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QTc interval and fQRS-T angle were significantly different among the groups. Post hoc analyses showed that QTc interval and fQRS-T angle of ADHD drug naive and ADHD drug positive patients were significantly higher than the healthy control groups. However, there was no significant difference between drug naive and drug positive patients regarding QTc interval and fQRS-T angle. Both QTc interval and fQRS-T angle showed positive correlations with the severity of ADHD symptoms (r = 0.263, <i>p</i> = .001 and r = 0.175, <i>p</i> = .023 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that fQRS-T angle was significantly wider in children with ADHD. Therefore, we suggest that fQRS-T angle may help in cardiovascular risk assessment in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Childhood ADHD and Lifestyle Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases From Adolescence to Early Adulthood.","authors":"Yueqi Li, Hong Xian, Lauren D Arnold, Jen Jen Chang","doi":"10.1177/10870547241306570","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241306570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between childhood ADHD and lifestyle risk factors (physical inactivity and high fast-food consumption) from adolescence to early adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used secondary data from Wave I to III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in a national representative sample of adolescents (<i>n</i> = 6,814). Multivariable Poisson regression and Generalized Estimating Equation were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), controlling for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Childhood ADHD was associated with an increased risk of high fast-food consumption (aRR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.23, 1.80]) in early adulthood, but not in adolescence (aRR = 1.11, 95% CI [0.90, 1.37]), after adjusting for confounders. The associations between childhood ADHD and physical inactivity were not statistically significant from adolescence to early adulthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings of this study extend the current understanding of the impact of childhood ADHD on greater risk of fast-food consumption, which underscores the importance to develop interventions for promoting healthy diet in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion Recognition Accuracy Among Individuals With ADHD: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Emily C Shepard, Mollie Ruben, Lisa L Weyandt","doi":"10.1177/10870547241297005","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241297005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present systematic review was to consolidate findings related to emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The review also examined emotion recognition accuracy assessment methods as well as the contribution of gender to emotional recognition accuracy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 43 articles were identified based on inclusion criteria using PRISMA guidelines for article retrieval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>58% of retrieved articles reported significantly decreased emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with ADHD relative to neurotypical peers, with either global or emotion-specific differences identified. Notably, studies finding a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy were of significantly lower quality according to a quality review checklist than the articles finding no difference (<i>p</i> < .001). For example, when use of control conditions and multiple measures of emotion recognition accuracy were employed, no study found a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy between individuals with and without ADHD. Regarding potential gender differences, not a single study included gender diversity beyond sex assigned at birth. The majority (86%) of studies included a predominantly male sample, with 15% including only male participants. While differences in emotion recognition accuracy were found between male and female participants in 7% of cases, future research is needed to identify the contribution of gender diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"174-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet Needs of Children and Young Adults With ADHD: Insights From Key Stakeholders on Priorities for Stigma Reduction.","authors":"Marlies Jolinde Visser, Ruth Maria Hendrika Peters, Marjolein Luman","doi":"10.1177/10870547241297876","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241297876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with ADHD continue to face stigma, which can negatively impact their access to, adherence to, and quality of mental health services, as well as their overall wellbeing. Perspectives of various stakeholders regarding priorities for stigma reduction remain underexplored. This study explores young adult, parent, teacher, and mental health care professional perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in the Netherlands, in the context of stigma reduction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 24 respondents participated in seven small focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs facilitated in-depth discussions exploring stakeholder group perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in educational, professional, and social settings. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three thematic categories of unmet needs were identified: (1) a lack of awareness, knowledge, and understanding of ADHD; (2) insufficient personalized approaches in education and health care; and (3) limited accessibility of information and support services. Within theme 1, respondents primarily highlighted the importance of improving education for primary school teachers and mental health care professionals. Theme 2 underscored the need for increased capacity for personalization and attention to the sociopsychological factors of ADHD, alongside recognizing strengths. Theme 3 emphasized the need for easy access to reliable information and mental health care, including peer networks, as well as proper follow-up and continuity of care.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the need for improving our understanding of ADHD as a complex biopsychosocial condition, which requires specific adjustments in education and mental health care. Interventions to improve support and disrupt stigmatization should meet diverse needs, incorporate multi-level strategies, and involve key stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Mothers of Children With and Without ADHD: Relationships Among Maternal Psychopathology, Parenting Stress, and Parenting Cognitions.","authors":"Heather A Jones, Stephanie A Wilson, Amanda M Parks, Alfonso L Floyd, Annie E Rabinovitch, Chantelle C Miller","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288344","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) endorse increased parenting stress and lower levels of parenting efficacy and satisfaction as compared to parents of children without ADHD. Additionally, maternal ADHD and depression differentiate children with and without ADHD, with children with ADHD being more likely to have a mother with psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>With a focus on an understudied population, we investigated the extent to which maternal self-reported ADHD and depression were associated with self-reported parenting stress and parenting cognitions in 70 Black mothers of children with (maternal <i>M</i>age = 35.52, <i>SD</i> = 6.49) and without ADHD (maternal <i>M</i>age = 35.39, <i>SD</i> = 6.53) recruited from a metropolitan area in the southeastern United States.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses indicated that Black mothers of children with ADHD reported higher levels of parenting stress, lower levels of parenting efficacy, and lower levels of parenting satisfaction. However, there were no significant differences between groups on measures of maternal ADHD or depression. Maternal depression significantly accounted for variability in both parenting satisfaction and parenting stress beyond child ADHD and maternal education. With maternal depression in the models, the association between maternal ADHD and parenting stress and parenting satisfaction lost significance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Given the racial disparities in the treatment of ADHD, future research should focus on investigating the linkages between maternal depression, parenting stress, parenting satisfaction, and parenting behaviors in Black mothers in order to delineate whether there are cultural adaptations that may improve treatment utilization rates for child ADHD within this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causality Between ADHD, ASD, and CVDs: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Investigation.","authors":"Zequn Zheng, Dihui Cai","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288741","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While observational studies have established a connection between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the causal relationships are not well-defined. This study is designed to examine the causality between ASD, ADHD, and CVD risk as well as investigate the mediating factors through which ADHD and ASD influence CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Leveraging two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches and large scale GWAS summary stats, we examined underlying causal links between ASD and ADHD and the risk of CVDs. The analysis indicated that ADHD was related to an increased likelihood of developing coronary heart disease (OR [95% CI] 1.12 [1.03, 1.21], <i>p</i> = .008), heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.14 [1.07, 1.22], <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10^-4), and large-artery stroke (OR [95% CI] 1.35 [1.09, 1.66], <i>p</i> = .005). In parallel, ASD showed a correlation with a greater atrial fibrillation risk (OR [95% CI] 1.09 [1.03, 1.16], <i>p</i> = .005] and heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.11 [1.04, 1.19], <i>p</i> = .004). Additionally, we explored the mediating role of CVD risk factors through two-step MR and multivariable MR, highlighting the possible role of smoking, prescription opioid use, triglycerides, education, income, Townsend deprivation index, and obesity in the causal association of ADHD, ASD, on CVDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This MR study highlights the necessity for rigorous cardiovascular surveillance and interventions to decrease adverse cardiovascular events in people with ADHD or ASD by preventing identified mediating risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Organizational Skills Training on Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in China.","authors":"Xin-Xin Huang, Li-Zhen Zheng, Qin-Fang Qian, Yan Huang, Yan-Xia Wang, Ping Ou","doi":"10.1177/10870547241289848","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241289848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In addition to attention and hyperactivity problems, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have poorer organizational skills needed to manage time and materials. This study examines the improvement of organizational skills in children with ADHD by studying organizational skills training (OST).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Between September 2023 and January 2024, 70 children with a diagnosis of ADHD and at least one domain of executive dysfunction (EF) were divided into two groups. The conventional group was treated with medication, biofeedback, and behavioral interventions based on the children's actual condition. The OST group received OST in addition to the conventional group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the children was 8.33 ± 1.62 years. A total of 66 children completed the intervention and follow-up, 32 in the conventional group and 34 in the OST group. There were no differences between the two groups of children in terms of their preintervention scores on the BRIEF, SNAP-IV, or IVA-CPT. Postintervention scores on the behavioral scales decreased (<i>p</i> < .05), and IVA-CPT scores increased (<i>p</i> < .05) in both groups compared with those in the preintervention period. The OST group had a lower BRIEF (<i>p</i> = .019) and SNAP-IV Attention deficit subscale (<i>p</i> = .046) and a higher IVA-CPT Attention deficit Index (<i>p</i> = .032) than the conventional group after the intervention. The percentage of children with a normal BRIEF total score in the OST group was 79.41% (27/34) after the intervention, which was greater than the 37.50% (12/32) in the conventional group (<i>p</i> = .001). Compared with the OST group, children in the conventional group were at greater risk of having BRIEF scores that remained abnormal after the intervention. Analysis of covariance revealed a statistically significant effect of group (<i>p</i> = .008), preintervention BRIEF (<i>p</i> < .001), and participation score (<i>p</i> = .036) on postintervention BRIEF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OST can further improve organizational skills in daily life in children with ADHD while improving core symptoms of attention deficit in addition to conventional treatment. The effect of OST on BRIEF is also influenced by the child's BRIEF status at the baseline level and the level of cooperation during the intervention.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The randomized controlled trial registration number was ChiCTR2300075744.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"128-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship of Dietary Intake With Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Impulsivity, Beyond ADHD.","authors":"Laura Dalnoki, Petra P M Hurks, Jessica S Gubbels, Simone J P M Eussen, Monique Mommers, Carel Thijs","doi":"10.1177/10870547241293946","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241293946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the association between dietary intake and ADHD diagnosis and its dimensions in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, 810 adolescents aged 16 to 20 years provided information on ADHD diagnosis and completed a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were extracted using Principal Component Analysis. Parents reported on ADHD symptoms using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short form, and the Impulsivity subscale from the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 80 adolescents with ADHD scored higher on the Snacking dietary pattern compared to those without ADHD, while they did not differ on Healthy, Animal-based, Sweet, or Beverage dietary patterns. All ADHD symptom scores (Hyperactivity, Inattention and Impulsivity, and ADHD-index) correlated with increased Snacking. Impulsivity was inversely related to Sweet dietary patterns and positively to Beverage dietary patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results highlight the importance of considering ADHD dimensions beyond diagnosis in understanding adolescents' dietary intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and ADHD.","authors":"Dahlia Leshno, Liat Lev Shalem, Revital Perlov Gavze, Moshe Leshno","doi":"10.1177/10870547241288720","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547241288720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Persistence in treatment is important in balancing diabetes and preventing complications. ADHD impairs quality of life and functioning in many areas of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible association of ADHD and diabetes glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All data were obtained from Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) automated databases. This retrospective cross-sectional study uses electronic medical records from the Maccabi Healthcare Services database during the years 2010 to 2020. Using a propensity score with the variables of age, gender, and duration of diabetes, we compared a group of 1,582 patients with T2DM and ADHD to 1,582 patients with T2DM and without ADHD. We used a <i>t</i>-test to compare continuous variables and a Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test for non-parametric testing. In addition, we used multivariate logistic regression with a cutoff of several HbA1c values in T2DM patients with and without ADHD during 2019 to 2020. The proportion of patients with HbA1c values above 10%, 9%, and 8% in the group of patients with ADHD was 4.7 to 5.9 times higher than in patients without ADHD. In addition, the OR in the multivariate logistic regression was 4.2 (95% CI [2.5, 6.8]), 4.3 (95% CI [3.1, 6.1]), and 2.7 (95% CI [2.2, 3.4]) for cutoff of HbA1c of 10%, 9%, and 8%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with co-morbid ADHD and T2DM have a higher incidence of poor glycemic control. The findings extend the knowledge on the relationship between ADHD and diabetes and highlight the need for further research to improve treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}