Journal of Attention Disorders最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Motivation on Sustained Attention in Very Preterm and Term-born Children: An ERP Study.","authors":"Jenny Retzler, Madeleine J Groom, Samantha Johnson, Lucy Cragg","doi":"10.1177/10870547251313888","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251313888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effect of motivational features on sustained attention in children born very preterm and at term.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>EEG was recorded while 34 8-to-11-year-old children born very preterm and 34 term-born peers completed two variants of a cued continuous performance task (CPT-AX); a standard CPT-AX with basic shape stimuli, and structurally similar <i>motivating</i> variant, with a storyline, familiar characters, and feedback.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher hit rates, quicker response times and larger event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes were observed during the motivating, compared with the standard, task. Although groups did not differ in task performance, between-task differences in ERPs associated with orienting were larger in term-born than very preterm children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings add to previous evidence of disruption to the brain networks that support salience detection and selective attention in children born preterm. Manipulations that increase intrinsic motivation can promote sustained attention in both term-born and very preterm children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"569-588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Child and Parent Characteristics and Parenting Stress in Japanese Mothers of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).","authors":"Ricky Haneda, Shizuka Shimabukuro, David Daley, Gail Tripp","doi":"10.1177/10870547251315226","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251315226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience elevated levels of stress in their parenting role. Understanding what contributes to such stress is important for its management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed associations between child and parent characteristics and parenting stress in Japanese mothers of 6-12-year-old children with ADHD recruited through the community (<i>n</i> = 51) and hospital child psychiatry/pediatric clinics (<i>n</i> = 124). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the extent to which child symptom severity (ADHD and ODD), parenting efficacy, depression, and maternal ADHD symptoms explained variance in both child-domain and parent-domain parenting stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Child symptom severity and maternal depression accounted for significant variance in child-domain parenting stress. Child ODD, parenting efficacy, depression, and maternal ADHD (clinic sample) explained significant variance in parent-domain parenting stress. Exploratory cross-sectional mediational analyses highlight the inter-relatedness of the associations between parenting-efficacy, maternal depression and parent-domain parenting stress. The association between maternal ADHD and parent-domain parenting stress is statistically fully mediated by maternal depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pattern of associations between child and parent characteristics and parenting stress in Japanese mothers of children with ADHD are consistent with Abidin's model of parenting stress with implications for clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"554-568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avoidant Automatic Thoughts Are Associated With Task Avoidance and Inattention in the Moment: Replication in a Community Sample.","authors":"Laura E Knouse, Yueyi Fan, Aditya Narayanan, William D Ellison","doi":"10.1177/10870547251314924","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251314924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Avoidant automatic thoughts (AAT) are thoughts that precede or accompany a delay in the starting or ending of a task. In a prior study of college students using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), AATs were frequent daily occurrences and participants with more severe ADHD symptoms at baseline reported more frequent AAT. Importantly, momentary presence of AAT was associated with greater task avoidance and inattentive symptoms. In the current study, we replicated and extended this study in a community sample of adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We measured AAT in the daily lives of 106 adults using EMA. Data were collected at baseline and up to five times per day for 6 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using multilevel modeling, we found that baseline ADHD symptoms predicted more frequent AAT and more severe task avoidance and negative emotion in daily life. Recent presence of AAT was associated with inattention, task avoidance, and slightly elevated negative emotion in the moment. More severe baseline ADHD strengthened the relationship between AAT and both inattention and task avoidance. In exploratory analyses, we found that work tasks and household chores were the most avoided activities and that, instead, people were most likely to be doing other work tasks or engaging in screen time or self-care, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study replicates and extends our prior findings regarding AAT in daily life and their relationship to ADHD and supports continued research on this construct, which may have clinical utility for intervening in problematic avoidance behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"529-540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, Depression, and Anxiety Levels in Their Parents.","authors":"Zuhal Koc Apaydin, Meryem Kasak, Ozlem Karakaya, Hakan Ogutlu, Mustafa Ugurlu, Fiona McNicholas","doi":"10.1177/10870547251323029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251323029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) symptoms in children/adolescents and their parents within the Turkish population, examining the association with co-occurring ADHD symptoms, peer/social relationships, and total difficulties.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 229 parents aged 18 to 50 with children aged 6 to 18 from the staff of Karabuk Training and Research Hospital. Data collection occurred from April to September 2022. Participants completed various scales, including the Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI), Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form (CPRS-R), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale (CABI-SCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation was found between CDS symptoms in children/adolescents and their parents. CDS symptoms in children were also associated with significant comorbidities, such as ADHD, oppositional defiance, peer problems, and internalization problems. In parents, CDS was observed to be associated with levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the strong relationship between CDS symptoms in children and their parents, suggesting potential genetic and environmental factors. CDS is associated with significant mental health comorbidities across all age groups. The findings underscore the need for interventions to support the mental health of both children and parents with CDS. Further research is needed to elucidate the impact and etiology of CDS on family dynamics and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"503-514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADHD and Identity Formation: Adolescents' Experiences From the Healthcare System and Peer Relationships.","authors":"Matilda A Frick, Anders Brandt, Sandra Hellund, Jan Grimell","doi":"10.1177/10870547251318484","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251318484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>ADHD is often a lifelong condition, and has grown increasingly prevalent over the past few decades. Adolescence is a period characterized by the quest to develop a coherent identity, yet relatively little research has examined the relationship between ADHD diagnosis and identity. The purpose of this study was to explore the importance of experiences of the healthcare system and of peer relationships in the identity formation of adolescents with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was investigated through semi-structured interviews with 10 adolescents (<i>n</i> = 8 females and 2 males) aged 15 to 18 years. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted within a narrative framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed seven main themes indicating that ADHD played a central role in the adolescents' self-narratives: (1) limited effect of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) contact on identity formation, (2) the ADHD concept as meaning-making, (3) heterogeneity of the role of medication on identity formation, (4) negotiation of identity in relation to others, (5) varying degrees of acceptance in different relationships, (6) perceiving oneself as a troublemaker, and (7) relationship difficulties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the diagnosis constituted an important narrative and <i>symptoms</i> of ADHD rather than the <i>label</i> of ADHD tended to be stigmatizing. Furthermore, medication affected identity, and some felt pressured to medicate to adhere to social norms. A common pattern was that adolescents set aside their individual identity in favor of their relational identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"541-553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where Is My Mind? The Daydreaming Characteristics Questionnaire, a New Tool to Differentiate Absorptive Daydreaming From Mind-Wandering.","authors":"Nitzan Theodor-Katz, Nirit Soffer-Dudek","doi":"10.1177/10870547251319081","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251319081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is an impairing condition characterized by addiction to narrative, emotional fantasizing, involving dissociative absorption. By compulsively withdrawing toward vivid imaginative scenarios, MD hinders attentional functioning and replaces social interactions. Previous Interview-based research showed clinical importance in differentiating MD from ADHD and the associated construct of mind-wandering. We aimed to create a self-report tool asking directly about the content and structure of distracting thoughts.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two samples, namely, 346 undergraduate students and 381 adults from the general community, completed a novel measure, the Daydreaming Characteristics Questionnaire (DCQ), along with validated measures for ADHD, mind-wandering, MD, dissociation, and general distress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory Factor Analyses on the DCQ, replicated across both samples, yielded two distinct factors (immersive daydreaming and daydream functionality) uniquely associated with MD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DCQ represents characteristics of immersive daydreaming much more than general attentional deficiency and is thus useful in differentiating MD from ADHD/mind-wandering distractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"515-528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported ADHD Diagnosis Status Among Working-Age Adults in the United States: Evidence From the 2023 National Wellbeing Survey.","authors":"Andrew S London, Shannon M Monnat, Iliya Gutin","doi":"10.1177/10870547251319861","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251319861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the percentage of U.S. working-age (18- to 64-year-old) adults in 2023 who self-reported ever being diagnosed with ADHD by a health care professional.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyze data from the 2023 National Wellbeing Survey (<i>N</i> = 7,053) to estimate self-reported lifetime ADHD diagnosis status among working-age adults, overall and by sex, age, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, and rural-urban residence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among U.S. working-age adults in 2023, we estimate that 13.9% (95% confidence interval [13.0%, 15.0%]) self-reported ever being diagnosed with ADHD by a health care professional. We find statistically significant variation by each of the demographic variables analyzed, with higher rates among working-age adults who are female, younger, non-Hispanic White, U.S.-born, less well-educated, and residing in metro areas with 250,000 to 1 million people (relative to those living in metro areas with 1+ million population).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The percentage of U.S. working-age adults who self-report in 2023 that they have ever been diagnosed with ADHD by a health care professional (13.9%) is substantially higher than estimates from 2012 (4.25%) and a 2023 estimate of 7.8% among adults of all ages (18+ years). The increase over time may reflect changes in diagnostic criteria for children and adults, greater acceptance of adult diagnosis, over- and mis-diagnosis, and methodological issues. The difference between the 2023 estimates likely reflects study-specific differences in the constructs measured, the age range of the samples, and methodological differences in the online panels used for sampling, in quality control approaches, and in post-survey weight construction. Additional data collection and empirical research is needed to validate or refine provisional estimates based on samples drawn from online panels, and to determine explanations for the observed increase over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"399-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardization of the Arabic Version of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Screening Scale for DSM-5 (ASRS-5) Among Adults in Saudi Arabia: Variability of ADHD Screening According to Sociodemographic Variables.","authors":"Mohammed M J Alqahtani, Nouf Mohammed Al Saud, Nawal Mohammed Alsharef, Ahmad N AlHadi, Saleh Mohammed Alsalhi, Elham H Al-Hifthy, Yasser Ad-Dab'bagh, Nader Alrahili, Fawwaz Abdulrazaq Alenazi, Barakat M Alotaibi, Sultan Mahmoud Alsaeed, Boshra A Arnout, Latifah ALQasem, Abdulkarim Alhossein, Yasser Jubran Alqahtani, Samirah A AlGhamdi, Jeremy Varnham, Saeed Abdulwahab Asiri, Maysaa W Buraik","doi":"10.1177/10870547251313879","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251313879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Adult Self-Report Scale-5 (the ASRS-5-AR) within a large sample of adults residing in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study applied the ASRS-5-AR to a random sample of 4,299 Saudi and non-Saudi adults, aged 19 to 66 years (31.16 ± 9.26 years), living in the regions of Riyadh, Makkah, and the Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia. Collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26, JASP 0.18.3.0 software, and MedCalc 22.030 statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ASRS-5-AR demonstrated strong internal consistency, with all six items showing significant positive correlation with the total score (.675-.735). Results of confirmatory factor analysis revealed a goodness-of-fit coefficient of 0.983 for the one-factor model and McDonald's omega, Cronbach's α, and Spearman-Brown coefficients of 0.786, 0.788, and 0.724, respectively. In addition, the findings revealed statistically significant differences in self-reported ADHD symptoms based on age (<i>F</i> = 18.68; <i>p</i> < .001), level of education (<i>F</i> = 2.61; <i>p</i> < .05), and marital status (<i>F</i> = 22.30; <i>p</i> < .001). However, there were no significant differences in self-reported ADHD symptoms between males and females (<i>t</i> = 0.625; <i>p</i> > .05) or Saudi and non-Saudi participants (<i>t</i> = 0.409; <i>p</i> > .05) or based on region of residence (<i>t</i> = 2.19; <i>p</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the psychometric properties of the ASRS-5-AR within a large sample of adults in Saudi Arabia. The findings demonstrate acceptable reliability of the ASRS-5-AR within this population. While these findings suggest the ASRS-5-AR may be a useful tool for initial assessment, further research is crucial. Future studies should focus on establishing accurate cutoff scores by comparing a general population sample with a clinically diagnosed sample of adults with ADHD in Saudi Arabia. This will allow for a more accurate evaluation of the scale's utility in identifying individuals who may require further clinical assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"445-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiating Functional Connectivity Patterns in ADHD and Autism Among the Young People: A Machine Learning Solution.","authors":"Bernis Sütçübaşı, Tuğçe Ballı, Herbert Roeyers, Jan R Wiersema, Sami Çamkerten, Ozan Cem Öztürk, Barış Metin, Edmund Sonuga-Barke","doi":"10.1177/10870547251315230","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251315230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>ADHD and autism are complex and frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions with shared etiological and pathophysiological elements. In this paper, we attempt to differentiate these conditions among the young people in terms of intrinsic patterns of brain connectivity revealed during resting state using machine learning approaches. We had two key objectives: (a) to determine the extent to which ADHD and autism could be effectively distinguished via machine learning from one another on this basis and (b) to identify the brain networks differentially implicated in the two conditions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from two publicly available resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) resources-Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) and the ADHD-200 Consortium-were analyzed. A total of 330 participants (65 females and 265 males; mean age = 11.6 years), comprising equal subgroups of 110 participants each for ADHD, autism, and healthy controls (HC), were selected from the data sets ensuring data quality and the exclusion of comorbidities. We identified region-to-region connectivity values, which were subsequently employed as inputs to the linear discriminant analysis algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Machine learning models provided strong differentiation between connectivity patterns in participants with ADHD and autism-with the highest accuracy of 85%. Predominantly frontoparietal network alterations in connectivity discriminate ADHD individuals from autism and neurotypical group. Networks contributing to discrimination of autistic individuals from neurotypical group were more heterogeneous. These included language, salience, and frontoparietal networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results contribute to our understanding of the distinct neural signatures underlying ADHD and autism in terms of intrinsic patterns of brain connectivity. The high level of discriminability between ADHD and autism, highlights the potential role of brain based metrics in supporting differential diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"486-499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising Rate of Hospitalizations in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder in Spain.","authors":"Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla, José Manuel Ramos, María Inés López-Ibor, Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Manuel Faraco, Joaquín González-Cabrera, Eduardo González-Fraile, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Héctor Pinargote-Celorio, Manuel Corpas, Lucía Gallego, Octavio Corral, Vicente Soriano","doi":"10.1177/10870547251320210","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10870547251320210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a leading mental disorder among adolescents globally and is associated with premature mortality. Knowing the trends and key determinants of ADHD in youth are critical for earlier diagnosis and interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively examined all hospitalizations in patients aged 11 to 18 years with ADHD in Spain, using data from the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges spanning 2000 to 2021. We compared our data with available literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 22-year study period, there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations among adolescents in Spain, with 118,609 (5.9%) cases involving mental disorders. There were 10,292 admissions with ADHD, representing 8.7% of all hospitalizations among youth with mental disorders. Median age was of 14 years. Boys represented 72.6%. Admissions with ADHD experienced a 17-fold increase during the last decade (<i>p</i> < .001). The in-hospital mortality rate for adolescents with ADHD was 0.1%, lower than for other mental disorders. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, admissions decreased but resumed its rising trend thereafter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hospital admissions for ADHD among adolescents have significantly increased in Spain during the last two decades. This increase outpaced the mild upward trend in ADHD diagnoses over the same period, which is not due to actual increases in the incidence of ADHD, which has remained stable at 5% worldwide. Factors beyond increased awareness, improved identification, and changes in diagnostic criteria must be considered. Boys represented 72.6% of these admissions. In-hospital mortality in adolescents with ADHD was lower than for admissions with other mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Attention Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"411-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}