Journal of Burn Care & Research最新文献

{"title":"Development of Short Forms of the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation 1 to 5 Years.","authors":"Madeleine McGwin, Pengsheng Ni, Sophia McLaughlin, J Michael Murphy, Frederick J Stoddard, Tina Palmieri, Ludwik Branski, Mary D Slavin, Jeffrey C Schneider, Lewis E Kazis, Colleen M Ryan","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag099","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Computer Adaptive Test was developed using Rasch methods and computer adaptive testing technologies to assess burn recovery among children aged 1-5 years. To enhance accessibility in settings without advanced computer technology, this study developed short forms. Calibration data from the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation item bank were used for short form item selection. Items were iteratively added to maximize the test information function, with reliability constrained to ≥ 0.8. Differential item functioning was evaluated, and Cronbach's alpha and score correlations were used to assess internal consistency and validity. Data were obtained from 500 parents of burn survivors (mean ± SD age = 3.0 ± 1.4 years; 55.2% male; mean total body surface area burned = 4.2%; and mean time since burn = 1.1 years). Three 10-item short forms were developed for Communication and Language, Physical Functioning, and Emotional Well-being. Differential item functioning analyses indicated the need for age-specific Communication and Language forms (>3 years and ≤ 3 years). Across all short forms, ceiling effects were ≤ 15% and floor effects < 1%. Marginal reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.90, Cronbach's alpha from 0.86 to 0.90, and correlations with the full-item bank from 0.97 to 0.98. The short forms demonstrated strong psychometric properties and minimal measurement bias. The short forms approximate the computer adaptive test score for each scale and are a part of the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile, offering a practical and valid assessment of recovery outcomes in preschool-aged children with burn injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1570-1576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burn Injury as a Chronic Disease: Rethinking Follow-Up, Diagnosis, and Care Delivery.","authors":"Jason Heard, Lindsay Burnett, Sandra Cramolini, Sigrid Blome-Eberwein, Katie Lundquist, Jeffrey E Carter","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1273-1274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Expanded Access Program With NexoBrid for Treatment of Acute Deep Partial and Full Thickness Burn Injuries in Adult and Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Steven A Kahn, John Schulz, Tam Pham, Andrew Clinton Bright, Dhaval Bhavsar, Nicole Bernal, Steve Sandoval, Robert Bertellotti","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag075","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following global Phase III trials, a single-arm expanded access program at 23 burn centers in the United States (2019-2024) provided centers with additional experience in treating adult and pediatric burn patients with NexoBrid, and maintaining burn care preparedness for mass casualty incidents. Eligible patients included children (<18-years-old) and adults (≥18-years-old) with deep thermal burns covering up to 30% of the total body surface area. NexoBrid application was followed by standard care. Patients were monitored weekly until wound closure, and again after 3 and 12 months. Outcomes included incidence and time to eschar removal, need for surgical excision or escharotomy, length of hospital stay, wound closure, and Modified Vancouver Scar Scale. A total of 239 patients (215 adult, 24 pediatric) received NexoBrid, with 142 (131 adult, 11 pediatric) completing the 12-month follow-up. Mean ages were 41 and 11 years, respectively. The mean treated target wound area was approximately 6% of the total body surface area, with 38 circumferential burns. Eschar removal was achieved in 95% of adults and 100% of pediatric patients within 4 hours. Surgical excision was performed in 4% of adults, but not in pediatric cases. No escharotomies were needed. The median length of stay was 10 days. Wound closure occurred by 22 days (adults) and 28 days (pediatric). Safety data were consistent with previous trials. NexoBrid demonstrated comparable outcomes vs previous Phase III trials and potential efficacy in preventing burn-induced compartment syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1474-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Algorithmic Bias in Burn Care: A Literature Review of Ethical Challenges.","authors":"Joshua Khorsandi, Abu-Bakr Ahmed, Jason Mirharooni, Michael Kahen, Joshua Ahdout, Demitri Franzoni, Joshua MacDavid","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag105","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into burn care for triage, burn-depth assessment, prognostic scoring, pain management, and telemedicine-enabled resource allocation. These tools promise greater efficiency and precision, yet raise substantial ethical concerns regarding transparency, accountability, and bias. This narrative review synthesizes literature from 2010 to 2025 on AI, predictive modeling, and digital tools in burn care, supplemented by evidence from critical care, emergency medicine, radiology, dermatology, and oncology. Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus identified studies that reported algorithm development or deployment and discussed or allowed inference about equity, fairness, or interpretability. Across medical domains, algorithms frequently misclassified outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities, socioeconomically disadvantaged patients, women, older adults, and individuals with complex comorbidities, while burn-specific models rarely evaluated subgroup performance or reported demographic composition. Common problems included unrepresentative datasets, opaque modeling pipelines, and the absence of formal bias audits. Ethical analyses were fragmented and seldom grounded in established frameworks of biomedical ethics or AI governance. This review argues that current trajectories risk embedding and amplifying inequities in an already vulnerable burn population. It proposes concrete strategies for fairness-oriented design, reporting, validation, and post-deployment monitoring, emphasizing justice, nonmaleficence, transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement. Responsible adoption of AI in burn care will require moving beyond technical performance alone toward explicit attention to equity and ethical safeguards throughout the model life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1380-1387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Burns Research Authorship in Burn-Specific Journals: Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Kian Daneshi, Daniel Najafali, Jasmine Jokar, Sarah M Tepe, Christopher J Fedor, Mare G Kaulakis, Fuat Baris Bengur, Peter M Nthumba, Francesco M Egro","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate burden of burn injuries compared to high-income countries (HICs), making LMIC representation and leadership in burn-related literature critical. This study analyzed authorship patterns and temporal trends in LMIC participation across burn-specific journals. We analyzed 18 275 burn journal publications from 1982 to 2025 using the PubMed Entrez API, with metadata enriched using OpenAlex country affiliations. Country income classification followed World Bank 2025 definitions. Low- and middle-income country involvement was defined as the presence of at least one LMIC-affiliated author on a publication. We assessed LMIC representation overall, by authorship position, collaboration type, and temporal period. Chi-square tests were used for temporal comparisons. Country affiliation data were identifiable for 8348 publications (45.7%) representing 75 countries. Among publications, 26.2% (n = 2185; 95% CI, 25.2%-27.1%) included at least 1 LMIC-affiliated author. Low- and middle-income country researchers held first authorship in 25.7% and last authorship in 25.3% of publications with identifiable country affiliations. However, this likely reflects LMIC-only publications rather than parity in HIC-LMIC collaborations. Notably, mixed HIC-LMIC collaborations comprised 3.5% of publications, with the majority being either HIC-only (73.8%) or LMIC-only (22.7%). Low- and middle-income country representation increased significantly over time, from 13.5% pre-2000 to 31.7% between 2020 and 2025 (P < .001). China (n = 527), Iran (n = 370), and India (n = 247) were the leading LMIC contributors, representing 54% of LMIC publications. Representation from the African continent remained low at 3%. LMIC participation in burns research has increased over 4 decades, though HIC-LMIC collaboration remains limited. Initiatives to foster HIC-LMIC partnerships and empower LMIC authors to lead burns research may maximize collaborative efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1482-1490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Albumin on Admission: A Prognostic Marker of Morbidity and Mortality in Burns? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tiffany T S Ye, Sajeenth Vishnu K, Angelica Dahil, Gemma Stewart, Sarah E Bache","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Albumin is essential for maintaining oncotic pressure and vascular integrity. In burn injuries, increased capillary permeability leads to hypoalbuminemia, which is a recognized marker of poor outcomes in critical illness. However, its prognostic value in acute burn care remains underexplored. This study evaluated the prognostic value of admission serum albumin in predicting mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, ventilatory requirements, sepsis, and pulmonary infection in patients with burn injuries. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted. Of 5587 studies screened, 19 were included in the systematic review and 9 in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio, with pooled outcomes reported as odds ratios (ORs), standardized mean differences, and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curves. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q, I2, and tau2. Hypoalbuminemia on admission was significantly associated with increased mortality during admission (OR 9.51; 95% CI, 3.04-29.78; I2 49.3%). Admission hypoalbuminemia was also associated with an increased risk of AKI (OR 2.83; 95% CI, 2.49-3.22; I2 0%). Evidence for other outcomes was limited and heterogeneous. Admission serum albumin appears to be a valuable prognostic marker in patients with burn injuries, particularly for mortality and AKI. Further research is required to support its integration into burn-specific risk models, characterize albumin trends within the first 24 h postinjury, and establish optimal cut-off values.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1530-1542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148217339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Protocolized Intravenous Epoprostenol Pathway for Frostbite: A Canadian Burn Center Quality Improvement and Implementation Report.","authors":"Rimona Natanson, Alex Adibfar, Anita Au, Bourke Tillman, Shabana Lalji, Ashley Callahan, David Wallace, Stephanie Mason, Alan D Rogers","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe frostbite is a dynamic microvascular injury that can progress to delayed tissue loss despite appropriate initial care. Contemporary management emphasizes rapid rewarming, antithromboxane therapy, clinical grading, selective thrombolysis, and prostacyclin-based treatment. Iloprost is the prostacyclin analogue most often described, but access may be delayed in some Canadian settings. We developed and implemented a monitored intravenous epoprostenol pathway for Cauchy grade 2-4 frostbite and retrospectively evaluated 23 patients treated between December 2017 and November 2025. The pathway incorporated rapid rewarming, grading, topical and systemic antithromboxane therapy, eligibility criteria, dose titration, physiologic monitoring, dose modification, multidisciplinary care, and follow-up. Overall, 153 of 216 affected digits were preserved. Preservation varied by severity: 62 of 65 grade 2 digits, 74 of 100 grade 3 digits, and 7 of 41 grade 4 digits were preserved. Twelve patients avoided amputation altogether. Mean treatment duration was 3.8 days, and most patients reached 8 ng/kg/min at least once. Documented adverse effects or dose-limiting symptoms occurred in 9 patients and were managed with dose reduction or temporary interruption. Available records did not identify thrombolytic therapy, permanent discontinuation for adverse reaction or grade 2 reassessment, or serious drug-attributed adverse events. Protocol-guided intravenous epoprostenol was feasible and generally well tolerated. Findings should be interpreted as descriptive and hypothesis-generating rather than evidence of treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1593-1602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data After Death: Post-Mortem Ethics of Burn Patient Records and Images.","authors":"Joshua Khorsandi, Brian Mansoury, Liahm Blank, Abu-Bakr Ahmed, Samir Alkhouri, Kathryn Cataldo, Joshua MacDavid","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag097","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burn care frequently relies on extensive documentation, including graphic photographic images and detailed clinical records. While these materials are essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and research, their use after a patient's death raises complex ethical questions. The emergence of new technologies such as artificial intelligence training, alongside the increased visibility of burn images in education and public health campaigns, challenges traditional notions of confidentiality and consent. This narrative review examines the ethical boundaries of using burn patient records and images post-mortem, with a focus on emerging concerns around digital remains and posthumous consent. A narrative review of peer-reviewed literature, professional guidelines, and position statements published between 2000 and 2025 was conducted. Sources included PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using search terms such as \"burn injuries,\" \"medical photography,\" \"post-mortem consent,\" \"digital remains,\" and \"medical ethics.\" Relevant publications addressing clinical practice, teaching, research, and social media use in burn care were synthesized to identify key ethical themes and gaps. The literature reveals that while ethical frameworks for consent, privacy, and confidentiality are well established during life, guidance becomes inconsistent once the patient has died. A small but growing body of scholarship identifies posthumous privacy as an emerging domain of bioethics. Across studies, concerns included dignity after death, risks of re-identification on digital platforms, and the absence of explicit patient directives regarding posthumous use of images and data. Current medical guidelines provide minimal direction, leaving ambiguity for clinicians and researchers. The ethical use of burn patient images and records after death remains underexplored, particularly in the context of artificial intelligence training datasets and social media awareness campaigns. The absence of consensus underscores the need for professional societies to establish clearer policies and protocols that honor patient dignity beyond life. Establishing standards for posthumous consent will help clinicians, educators, and researchers navigate the evolving landscape of digital medicine responsibly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1352-1360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148239425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LIBRE GO!: A Mobile Application for Longitudinal Social Participation Assessment and Resources Connection after Burn Injury.","authors":"Huan Deng, Gregory L Frasco, John T Morris, Amy Acton, Diana Tenney-Laperriere, Mary D Slavin, Lewis E Kazis, Colleen M Ryan, Jeffrey C Schneider","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag109","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social participation is a long-term goal for individuals recovering from burns. However, individuals often face various challenges in this domain. The Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile is a validated patient-reported outcome measure of social participation developed specifically for adults with burn injury. Measures are typically administered during clinic visits and using paper-based questionnaires, which limit access and timely connection with resources. This study describes the design, development, and pilot testing of LIBRE GO!, a mobile application that digitizes the LIBRE Profile to assess social participation and connects survivors with community-based resources. The design and development process employed an iterative and user-centered approach involving burn survivors, clinicians, technology experts, and researchers. The developed application comprises 4 primary functions: \"Start a new LIBRE Survey,\" \"My Scores,\" \"Resources,\" and \"About.\" Pilot testing was conducted with 8 burn survivors, who rated the Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM), and Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM) and subsequently participated in focus groups to share feedback. Average scores for the AIM, IAM, and FIM were 4.13, 4.28, and 4.31 out of 5, respectively. Participants reported that the application was easy to use as a valuable tool for tracking social engagement and connecting with resources. Broad dissemination and use of LIBRE GO! will empower burn survivors and provide clinicians and researchers with an accessible and validated outcome assessment tool to support evidence-based approaches for improving social participation after burn injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Income and Recovery Outcomes in Pediatric Burn Survivors: A Burn Model System National Database Study Assessing Functional and Psychosocial Differences.","authors":"Sarah Wang, Trevor A Pickering, Shelley Wiechman, Kimberly Roaten, Colleen M Ryan, Kara McMullen, Haig A Yenikomshian","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/irag102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/irag102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children from lower income families are often disproportionately affected by burns, potentially experiencing greater psychosocial challenges. This study examines whether family income influences the ability of pediatric patients with burn injuries to return to baseline function. A retrospective study of pediatric patients (<18 years) from a multicenter longitudinal database between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. There were 3 cohorts of patients based on income level: <$50 k, $50 k-$100 k, and > $100 k. Return to school and psychosocial outcomes (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Depression, PROMIS Anger, PROMIS Peer Relationships, PROMIS Anxiety, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Family Relationships, Posttraumatic Growth, Body Image, and Pain Intensity) were collected at 12 months after injury by individuals ages 8-17. The final sample consisted of 204 individuals: 115 with income < $50 k, 55 with income $50 k-$100 k, and 34 with income > $100 k. On average, the %TBSA burned was significantly higher (P < .001) and there was a greater incidence of inhalation injury (P = .03) in children with a family income of < 50 k. There were no significant differences in any psychosocial outcomes or return to school (P = .40) after adjusting for %TBSA burned. These findings show that lower socioeconomic status does not necessarily impede recovery in pediatric burn survivors, and other factors such as social support may have greater impact on recovery. However, there is a need to address systemic inequalities that contribute to the disproportionate injury burden faced by children from lower income families.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"1373-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}