Lia Mandavalli, Casey Meretta, Ishaan Nandwani, Taryn E Travis, Shawn Tejiram, Jeffrey W Shupp, Daniel M Schneider, Bonnie C Carney
{"title":"Patient-Reported Pain and Itch Scores After a Course of Laser Therapy for The Treatment of Post-Burn Hypertrophic Scar Are Impacted by Mental Health Status.","authors":"Lia Mandavalli, Casey Meretta, Ishaan Nandwani, Taryn E Travis, Shawn Tejiram, Jeffrey W Shupp, Daniel M Schneider, Bonnie C Carney","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burn injuries are often associated with physical scarring in addition to severe psychosocial consequences, including heightened pain and pruritus (itch). These symptoms can persist long after the injury and often become recalcitrant to standard treatments, such as gabapentin and antihistamines. Fractional ablative CO2 laser scar revision (FLSR) has gained popularity as an adjunctive therapy to address the limitations of existing treatments. However, despite this treatment, some patients continue to experience both symptoms, which negatively impacting their quality of life and daily functioning. A retrospective review of 110 patients receiving laser scar revision between 2018 and 2024 was conducted at a single institution, with patients divided into two cohorts: those with a diagnosed mental health condition and those without. Patients with a mental health diagnosis (MHD) reported a more significant reduction in pain and pruritus over the course of three laser sessions compared to those without a mental health diagnosis. Despite these differences in perception, no variation was observed in the objective measures of scar healing between the cohorts. Gabapentin dosage was associated with reductions in pain perception, particularly in the MHD group. This finding suggests that mental health interventions may enhance the subjective experience of recovery, potentially through neuroplastic changes influenced by psychotherapy as compared to medications. This study underscores the need to integrate mental health care into the physical recovery of burn patients. Future research should investigate the long-term outcomes of combined mental health and scar therapy interventions to improve patient quality of life post-injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Standardized Equations Underestimate Nutrition Needs in Burn and Complex Wounds Patients.","authors":"Brooke Hartzell, Nicholas Larson","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, standardized equations are used to estimate caloric requirements of burn patients, however, these equations do not account for differences in physiology or injury characteristics. Due to the substantial metabolic derangement caused by burns and large wounds, patients are often in a prolonged hypermetabolic state, increasing caloric needs. Because of the inability of standardized equations to adapt to hypermetabolic changes, we hypothesized that predicted caloric requirements underreport caloric needs compared to measured requirements by an indirect calorimeter (IC). We conducted a retrospective observational study of the IC measurements conducted at our Burn Center and compared the results to the predicted caloric requirements determined by standardized equation (Harris Benedict (HB), Schofield, or Mifflin-St Jeor (MSJ)). Comparisons between equations and IC measurements were represented using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots; all analysis was considered unpowered and exploratory. Thirty-five IC measurements were conducted on 20 heterogenous patients with a median age of 45 years. Each measurement pair consisted of a predicted daily caloric need as determined by the appropriate standardized equation and measured caloric need determined by IC. In total, it was found that standardized equations underreported caloric need by 29.37%, with an ICC of 0.70 95% CI (0.49-0.84), representing moderate agreement between predictive equations and IC measurements. While unpowered, this data suggests that IC better represents the hypermetabolic response in burn and wound patients in comparison to standardized equations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob M Dougherty, Aren E Kurth, Sarah Parviz, Madison Kozlowski, Don Edwards, Stewart C Wang, Naveen F Sangji
{"title":"The State of Michigan Burn Mass Casualty Incident Surge Plan: Leveraging Trauma Centers as Burn Surge Facilities.","authors":"Jacob M Dougherty, Aren E Kurth, Sarah Parviz, Madison Kozlowski, Don Edwards, Stewart C Wang, Naveen F Sangji","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Michigan Burn Mass Casualty Incident (BMCI) Surge Plan provides the framework and guidelines for responding to a BMCI within the state of Michigan. It relies on collaborative efforts across the state, utilizing American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT) verified Level I and Level II trauma centers as Burn Surge Facilities (BSFs) in the event of a BMCI, ensuring the best use of resources across the state. Preparation for MCIs with standardized frameworks as illustrated in the Michigan BMCI Surge Plan, as well as through trainings and simulated disaster planning, help ensure effective disaster preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mecklin V Ragan, Sibelle Aurelie Yemele Kitio, Samantha J Wala, Kelli N Patterson, Olubukola O Nafiu, Dana M Schwartz, Rajan K Thakkar
{"title":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Complications Following Pediatric Burn Injuries.","authors":"Mecklin V Ragan, Sibelle Aurelie Yemele Kitio, Samantha J Wala, Kelli N Patterson, Olubukola O Nafiu, Dana M Schwartz, Rajan K Thakkar","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric burn injuries are common and carry a high rate of morbidity. Given the well-established literature on racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare, we sought to define the extent to which these disparities exist in complications following burn injury in pediatric patients. We reviewed the American Burn Association's (ABA) National Burn Repository (NBR) data from 2010-2018. Demographic data, burn mechanism and severity, complications, and clinical outcomes were recorded. Analysis included 1:1 propensity-score-matching and logistic regression. Among 67,837 children aged 0-14 years, racial distribution was as follows: 44.7% white, 28.2% black, 3.4% Asian, and 23.8% other. Scald injuries were the most common cause of burns across all races (52.6%). All comparisons were made in reference to the white population. Black patients had higher mortality (aOR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.23-2.64) and black and other patients were more likely to sustain any complication (aOR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.12-1.41; aOR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.15-1.43, respectively). Black, Asian, and other patients were more likely to sustain electrolyte/other complications (aOR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.42-2.43; aOR: 2.66, 95%CI: 1.28-5.54; aOR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.15-1.87, respectively). Black, Asian, and other patients had longer length of hospital stay (aOR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.09-1.21; aOR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.29-1.72; aOR: 1.58 95%CI: 1.50-1.66, respectively). These data show ongoing disparities in the clinical outcomes of pediatric burn patients. These findings highlight the need for further work to determine the etiology of these inequalities and to improve burn care for all children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alternative Resting Ankle Foot Orthosis For Patients With Impaired Heel Integrity Post Burn Injury.","authors":"Kelsey Ziegler","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this case series was to describe an alternative resting ankle foot orthosis for range of motion maintenance in patients who were intolerant or inappropriate for traditional heel-relief ankle foot orthoses due to impaired soft tissue integrity of the posterior lower leg or heel post major burn injury. Anterior panel ankle foot orthoses were fabricated on 2 pediatric patients ages 8 and 11 years old with major burn injuries. Both patients experienced improvements in dorsiflexion range of motion to at least 0°. Neither patient experienced adverse effects that could be attributed to the ankle foot orthoses. The anterior panel ankle foot orthosis described in this case series appeared to be safe and effective for the included patients. Clinicians can use this information to assist with fabrication of alternative resting ankle foot orthoses for patients who are inappropriate for traditional methods of ankle contracture prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Rosmery Iturralde Carrillo, Larissa Epstein, Carina Franco, Jennie Caluya, Natalie Coca, Krista L Haines, Jason Heard, Soman Sen, Tina Palmieri, Kathleen S Romanowski
{"title":"Effects of Limited English Proficiency on Outcomes Following Burn Injury.","authors":"Andrea Rosmery Iturralde Carrillo, Larissa Epstein, Carina Franco, Jennie Caluya, Natalie Coca, Krista L Haines, Jason Heard, Soman Sen, Tina Palmieri, Kathleen S Romanowski","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies indicate that surgical patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) experience longer hospital stays and higher emergency department (ED) recidivism. Burn care requires complex coordination for both inpatient and outpatient services, regardless of language preference. This study hypothesized that burn patients with LEP would have longer hospital stays, fewer follow-ups, and more ED visits. Following IRB approval, a retrospective chart review analyzed burn patients admitted between January 2018 and December 2019. Collected data included demographics, burn characteristics, outcomes, preferred language, and follow-up care. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (version 9.4), employing Chi-square, Fisher Exact, Spearman Correlation, Wilcoxon 2-sample, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A total of 751 patients (median age 46 years, IQR 26) were included, with 555 (73%) males and a median total body surface area (TBSA) burn of 6.5% (IQR 12). Among them, 15% had inhalation injuries, and 5% died. Sixty-one patients (8%) identified a preferred language other than English. LEP and English-speaking patients showed no significant differences in burn size (5.5% vs. 6.6%, p=0.32), mortality (3.3% vs. 4.7%, p=1), length of stay (8 vs. 9 days, p=0.43), or discharge to home (86.9% vs. 75.9%, p=0.44). However, LEP patients were more likely to have scheduled follow-ups (93.4% vs. 80.2%, p=0.04), attend visits (78.7% vs. 50.7%, p=0.0005), and revisit the ED (19.7% vs. 10.5%, p=0.03). These findings highlight disparities in discharge education and outpatient care, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve post-burn recovery in LEP populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philong Nguyen, Joshua E Lewis, Isabelle J Carroll, Joshua Wang, Mbinui Ghogomu, Blancheneige Beohon, Amina El Ayadi, Steven Wolf, Juquan Song
{"title":"Impact of Preexisting Substance Use Disorders on Prolonged Opioid Use and Postoperative Complications After Burns.","authors":"Philong Nguyen, Joshua E Lewis, Isabelle J Carroll, Joshua Wang, Mbinui Ghogomu, Blancheneige Beohon, Amina El Ayadi, Steven Wolf, Juquan Song","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have linked preexisting substance use disorders to adverse postoperative outcomes in burn patients, yet their impact on opioid use remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study compares the effects of various substances on opioid use after burns and aims to analyze the risks and whether they differ among substances. The TriNetX database was queried for burn patients aged 18 years and older with preexisting alcohol, cannabis, or tobacco use disorders, who were placed in their respective cohorts. These patients were matched to a non-substance use disorder cohort using propensity score matching based on demographics, mental health, pain syndromes, and burn severity. The measured outcomes assessed were opioid use, wound infection, wound disruption, and postprocedural pain. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated at 3 months and 12 months post-burn. After matching, patients with preexisting substance use disorders had significantly higher risk ratios for prolonged opioid use, wound infections, and wound healing disruptions at both 3- and 12-months compared to matched patient control cohorts. Additionally, all patient cohorts also exhibited increased risk of postprocedural pain. Burn patients with preexisting substance use disorders face a significantly higher risk of prolonged opioid use and postoperative complications at both 3- and 12-month post-burn injury. The alcohol cohort patients were associated with the greatest increase in opioid use and postoperative complications, while the tobacco patient cohort presented with the highest wound disruption rates at 3- and 12-months post-burn.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Booker T King, Felicia N Williams, Alexandra Coward, Lori Chrisco, Christopher Derek Miller, Erin R Hanlin, Cynthia Laurer, Kevin Bailey, James Holmes, Randy D Kearns
{"title":"Burn disasters in North Carolina: An Analysis of Four Major Incidents with a Look to the Future.","authors":"Booker T King, Felicia N Williams, Alexandra Coward, Lori Chrisco, Christopher Derek Miller, Erin R Hanlin, Cynthia Laurer, Kevin Bailey, James Holmes, Randy D Kearns","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the medical response to four significant burn disasters in the North Carolina: the Pope Air Force Base disaster, the ConAgra/Garner food plant fire, the Imperial Foods/Hamlet chicken plant fire, and the West Pharmaceutical/Kinston fire. Each incident resulted in substantial injuries and fatalities, necessitating a coordinated medical response that involved local hospitals, emergency medical services, and burn and trauma centers. This analysis highlights the effectiveness of triage, mobilization of resources, medical transport and the role of specialized centers in managing burn casualties. Furthermore, the paper discusses the existing local, state, regional, and national burn disaster response plans, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among various agencies. In the context of North Carolina, the state's disaster preparedness strategies are evaluated, revealing strengths in outreach and training but also identifying gaps in resource allocation and inter-agency communication. Opportunities exist for improvements in communication with use of telemedicine and refining training with the utilization of artificial intelligence. This comprehensive review underscores the critical need for ongoing assessment and refinement of disaster response frameworks to better protect communities from the devastating impacts of burn incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koree Begovic, Lucas Bryant, Keith Glenn, Sean Gamble
{"title":"Clinical Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing of Microbial Cell-free DNA in Ruling Out Invasive Fungal Infection in a Patient with Thermal Burn Wounds: A Case Report.","authors":"Koree Begovic, Lucas Bryant, Keith Glenn, Sean Gamble","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with severe thermal burns are highly susceptible to invasive fungal infections due to compromised skin integrity, prolonged hospitalization, and immunosuppression. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as cultures and tissue biopsies with histopathology, have limitations. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of microbial cell-free DNA in plasma is a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting fungal elements in the bloodstream. The aim of this report is to present the utility of this method to aid in ruling out an invasive fungal infection in a patient with burns. This case involves a middle-aged male with extensive thermal burns who developed sepsis, with concerns of invasive fungal infection after fungal elements were detected in wound cultures of skin grafts. However, β-D-glucan and galactomannan assays were negative, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing did not detect fungal DNA in plasma. Histopathological examination of tissue biopsies later confirmed the absence of angioinvasion, and blood cultures showed no evidence of fungemia. As a result, antifungal therapy was safely discontinued without clinical deterioration. While metagenomic next-generation sequencing has shown potential for negative predictive value in immunocompromised patients, its role in patients with burns warrants further investigation. Integrating metagenomic next-generation sequencing with conventional diagnostic methods may improve clinical decision-making, reduce unnecessary empirical antifungal treatment, and enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ozan Namdaroglu, Hilmi Yazıcı, Ahmet Cem Esmer, Mehmet Alperen Ugur, Ahmet Erim Erdogan, Ahmet Mucteba Ozturk, Ahmet Deniz Ucar, Mehmet Yildirim
{"title":"Neutrophil Prealbumin Ratio as a Potential Predictive Marker for Severe Burn Patients' Prognosis.","authors":"Ozan Namdaroglu, Hilmi Yazıcı, Ahmet Cem Esmer, Mehmet Alperen Ugur, Ahmet Erim Erdogan, Ahmet Mucteba Ozturk, Ahmet Deniz Ucar, Mehmet Yildirim","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe burn injuries are associated with high morbidity and mortality, necessitating reliable prognostic markers for effective patient management. The Neutrophil-to-Prealbumin Ratio (NPR), which combines inflammatory and nutritional status, has emerged as a potential prognostic tool. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of NPR in predicting mortality among severe burn patients. Severe burn patients admitted to the Burn Treatment Center between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into survivor and non-survivor groups. Inflammatory markers, including NPR, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), were evaluated for their association with mortality using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression. A total number of 357 patients were included in the study. Of the 357 patients, 101 (28.3%) were non-survivors. The non-survivor group had significantly higher TBSA, full-thickness burns, inhalation injuries, and blood transfusion requirements (p<0.001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that NPR had the highest area under the curve (AUC=0.760). A cut-off value of 0.75 for NPR was associated with a significant increase in mortality risk. Multivariate logistic-regression identified NPR as an independent predictor of mortality alongside TBSA, full-thickness burns, and inhalation injuries. NPR is a promising prognostic marker for mortality in severe burn patients, outperforming traditional inflammatory markers. Its integration of inflammatory and nutritional status provides a comprehensive assessment of patient risk. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the broader applications of NPR in burn care and other critical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}