ZhengHao Dai, YiWen Jiang, Hang Guo, YuTing Lu, WeiGuo Chen, Tao Liang
{"title":"Pirfenidone Ameliorates Hypertrophic Scar Through Inhibiting Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts by Regulating the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.","authors":"ZhengHao Dai, YiWen Jiang, Hang Guo, YuTing Lu, WeiGuo Chen, Tao Liang","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a prevalent complication that arises from burn injuries. While Pirfenidone (PFD) is known to be an effective antifibrotic agent, its precise effects on HS caused by burn injuries are still unclear. This study was to assess the influence of PFD on HS fibroblasts and investigate the underlying mechanism. Hypertrophic scar tissue and normal skin tissue samples were collected, and fibroblasts were isolated from HS tissues and normal skin. The cytotoxic effect was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and EdU methods, and migration was detected by Transwell. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and type I collagen (COL-I) mRNA expression levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR. TGF-β1, α-SMA, COL-I, and APC protein expression levels, as well as phosphorylation of GSK-3β and β-catenin were detected by Western blot. The results indicated that PFD inhibited the proliferation of HS fibroblasts without cytotoxicity. PFD inhibited the migration of HS fibroblasts and differentiation by inhibiting TGF-β1, α-SMA, and Col-I expression. PFD reduced the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and β-catenin, suppressed APC protein expression, and blocked the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin cascade. PFD can ameliorate HS after burn injuries and inhibit proliferation and differentiation of HS fibroblasts through the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin cascade.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"854-861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiences from Burn Registry Pilot Study in Northern India: Patient Profile and Implementation Perspectives.","authors":"Vikash Ranjan Keshri, Santosh Kumar Sharma, Pratishtha Singh, Shivangi Saha, Brijesh Mishra, Mohammed Fahud Khurram, Mohit Jain, Pranay Singh Chakotiya, Manoj Kumar Jha, Maneesh Singhal, Tanu Jain, Jagnoor Jagnoor","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In India, burns represent a serious public health concern due to high death and disability rates. A national burn registry was proposed under the National Program on Prevention and Management of Burn Injuries. This study reports experiences from the first pilot burn registry in India, presenting patient profiles and implementation perspectives. Five burn centers were selected to implement a prospective, multicentric burn registry in northern India. Every burn patient at the study sites who met the inclusion criteria was recruited. Patients' sociodemographic and burn injury profiles, determinants of mortality, and predictors of poor recovery outcome (death or discharge with disability) are presented based on descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic regression analyses. From August 2020 to March 2022, a total of 908 patients were enrolled, with 61% being male and 39% female. Approximately 43% of acute burn patients were referred from other health facilities. The most frequent causes of burns were flame (37%), hot liquid (28%), and electric (28%). Accidental burns accounted for 88% of cases, with 73% occurring at patients' homes, and 48% being classified as major burns (≥20% Total Body Surface Area [TBSA]). Mortality was significantly higher among female patients with TBSA higher than 40% and non-accidental burns. The odds of poor recovery were higher for TBSA >40%, electric burns, and non-accidental burns. The implementation experience highlights the need to broaden the scope of the burn registry to include more comprehensive data, which can enhance the planning and delivery of burn care services.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"862-869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Triage and Admission of Burn Patients Based on Race and Payer.","authors":"Samantha Steeman, Devi Lakhlani, Eloise Stanton, Clifford Sheckter","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>For-profit burn centers may prioritize commercially insured burn patients, exacerbating disparities for Medicaid (Medi-Cal) and uninsured patients who are more often racial minorities. We hypothesize that for-profit burn centers accept fewer burn transfers with Medi-Cal compared to safety-net and nonprofit centers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>California's all-payer database was queried from 2009 to 2019 to evaluate emergency-department-to-inpatient transfers for all burn patients within the state. The proportion of transfers with Medi-Cal payer was compared relative to profit status, safety-net status, and trauma center status. The likelihood of a burn transfer being accepted to for-profit center was modeled with logistic regression, adjusting for burn severity and demographics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5728 ED transfers, 89% went to nonprofit centers. Medi-Cal was the primary payer in 37.3% of transfers to nonprofit centers versus 24.0% to for-profit centers (P < .001). Medi-Cal payer (aOR 95% CI 0.49-0.76), Black race (aOR 95% CI 0.36-0.73), and Hispanic race (aOR 0.51-0.77) were all independently associated with reduced odds of transfer to for-profit burn centers. Profit status was negatively associated with the proportion of Medi-Cal transfers, while trauma center status and safety-net center status were not correlated. There was an overall increase in the proportion of Medi-Cal patients treated at nonprofit (21.8%) and for-profit (16.48%) centers over the study period.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Disparities persist in burn care access by race, ethnicity, and insurance status. Nonprofit centers more frequently serve Medi-Cal and minority patients, while for-profit centers appear to demonstrate a potential preference for caring for commercially insured, White patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"801-808"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Kornhaber, Andrea Mc Kittrick, Rachel Rossiter, Michelle Cleary
{"title":"Pain Experiences in Adult Burn Survivors During Rehabilitation and Recovery: A Qualitative Systematic Review.","authors":"Rachel Kornhaber, Andrea Mc Kittrick, Rachel Rossiter, Michelle Cleary","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advancements in burn care, pain persists despite multidisciplinary management efforts. This review aimed to synthesize the qualitative research that explored the impact of pain on burn survivors' rehabilitation and recovery. In September 2023, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed published research in English. Nineteen articles from 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review used Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis framework for qualitative research evidence. Two descriptors of pain were described, physical and psychological pain. Pain in burn survivors, both physical and psychological, was complex, intertwined, and dynamic across 3 stages: before, during, and after interventions. This was found to closely align with Cleary et al.'s trauma-informed model of care in burn settings, which emphasizes a 3-stage process, underlining that pain is not static but evolves and fluctuates, necessitating adaptive and person-centered burn care and post-treatment mental health support. Adopting a Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) approach in burn injury settings is crucial. Individuals postburn encounter varying degrees of physical and psychological pain, which for some remains persistent. Using patient-reported measures throughout recovery deepens the understanding of burn survivors' pain, respecting their personal experiences and insights. It is essential to conduct future longitudinal research and push for a burn-specific qualitative pain assessment to address these complex needs effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"818-832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdulmajeed Alhadlaq, Mohammed Alfawzan, Malak Alsaif, Lulwah Saleh Alhumaidan, Nawaf Abdulaziz Aljahili, Bader Hammad Alharbi, Enas Mubarak Al Hadi
{"title":"Prevalence, Pattern, and Long-Term Outcome of Facial Burns Among Riyadh City Population: A 10-Year Study.","authors":"Abdulmajeed Alhadlaq, Mohammed Alfawzan, Malak Alsaif, Lulwah Saleh Alhumaidan, Nawaf Abdulaziz Aljahili, Bader Hammad Alharbi, Enas Mubarak Al Hadi","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the patterns and prevalence of facial burns among adults in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia on September 2023. Retrospective data collection was carried out from the hospital's Electronic Health Record database, and the subsequent data entry, management, and analysis were executed using R Studio (V.4.1.3). The incidence rate of facial burns was higher in males, comprising 71.61% (n = 111) of cases, while females accounted for 28.39% (n = 44). Employment status varied, with 22.58% (n = 35) of patients being employed and only 7.10% (n = 11) identified as students. Flame burns were the most common type, constituting 78.06% (n = 121) with second-degree burns constituting 38.7% (n = 60). The study revealed that facial burns were mostly associated with upper limb burns (n = 88) with the majority of the patients undergoing medical treatment constituting 71.61% (n = 111). The study revealed that the major cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission was intubation constituting 72.22% (n = 52), while septic shock was the leading cause of death among ICU-admitted patients, representing 72.73% (n = 16) of cases. In this study of 155 facial burn cases, flame burns, often resulting in second-degree injuries, were the most common type. Intubation emerged as a leading cause of ICU admission, with septic shock as the primary cause of death among ICU patients. These findings underscore the need for specialized care and preventive measures for facial burns.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"794-800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aidin Gharavi, Chase Lueder, Andy Tom, Sergio M Navarro
{"title":"A National Multi-Center Analysis of the Epidemiology of Pediatric Facial Injuries From Fireworks.","authors":"Aidin Gharavi, Chase Lueder, Andy Tom, Sergio M Navarro","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firework injuries remain a significant public health concern, with an estimated 9700 injuries reported in 2023. This study examines trends in pediatric facial injuries from fireworks over the past decade using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Pediatric cases from 2014 to 2023 were identified using the fireworks consumer code (1313) and filtered for facial injuries (body part code 76). Data was analyzed using chi-square tests to assess significance and logistic regression to evaluate trends. An estimated 4625 pediatric facial injuries from fireworks presented to emergency departments nationwide from 2014 to 2023. Among cases (n = 177), 68.4% were male and 31.6% were female. Thermal burns (60.5%), lacerations (15.3%), and contusions/abrasions (11.9%) were the most common injuries. Males were more likely to be injured than females (P-value: < .001). Overall, 17.5% of injuries required hospitalization or transfer. Older children were significantly more likely to sustain injuries requiring hospitalization (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.13, 95% CI, 1.04-1.23, P = .005). Younger children had higher odds of sparkler-related injuries, although the risk rapidly decreased with age (OR: 0.76, 95% CI, 0.68-0.86, P < .001). Our results show fireworks continue to cause significant pediatric facial injuries, with thermal burns being the most common diagnosis, and nearly one in 5 facial injuries from fireworks requiring hospitalization. Efforts to reduce facial injuries from fireworks should focus on minimizing the risk of injury in younger children while ensuring safety protocols are in place to address more significant injuries in older children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":"903-908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compassion Matters! 2024 ABA Presidential Address.","authors":"Robert Cartotto","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuang Guo, Yongqi Xie, Run Peng, Liang Zhang, Chunjia Zhang, Shuangyue Zhang, Mingliang Yang
{"title":"Contrast therapy promoting skin scald repair.","authors":"Shuang Guo, Yongqi Xie, Run Peng, Liang Zhang, Chunjia Zhang, Shuangyue Zhang, Mingliang Yang","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contrast therapy (CT), alternating cooling and heating therapy, has been investigated for its potential benefits in treating soft tissue injuries in sports. This study examines the efficacy of CT in enhancing skin scald repair. We established a standardized rat scald burn model, and randomized the subjects to three groups: CT, cold therapy (COT), and untreated model control (MC). Interventions commenced immediately after injury. Cutaneous blood perfusion, tissue oxygen saturation and wound healing rates were assessed. Inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) quantification were measured by Elisa. Histological changes were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining. After 21 days' observation, CT demonstrated significant suppression of TNF-αand IL-6 protein expression in burned tissue by day 3 post-burn. Additionally, CT enhanced localized blood perfusion at both wound center/edge and increased oxygen saturation at wound edge post-treatment. The epithelial thickness in the CT group was greater than in the COT and MC groups, with a lower proportion of TUNEL-positive cells. The CT group also showed less ulceration and edema. The CT group had a higher wound healing rate on days 1, 7, and 14 post-burn compared to the other groups. In conclusion, CT ameliorates local blood microcirculation, reduces harmful inflammatory factors in scalded skin tissue, and accelerates wound healing. These findings suggest that CT may be a potential effective treatment for acute scald injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer M Schuh, Emmanuel L Abebrese, Zachary Morrison, Jose H Salazar
{"title":"A Frostbite Treatment Guideline for Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Jennifer M Schuh, Emmanuel L Abebrese, Zachary Morrison, Jose H Salazar","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the existence of guidelines for frostbite management in adults, there are no published attempts to standardize the treatment of pediatric frostbite. The purpose of this study is to describe a single institution multidisciplinary consensus guideline for the management of pediatric frostbite patients and review cases treated at our institution. The pediatric intensive care, interventional radiology, general surgery, and emergency medicine departments at a 300 bed tertiary referral children's hospital developed and applied the proposed guideline for frostbite management in 2019. Patients who presented to the emergency department between 01/01/2012 and 3/12/2024 with a diagnosis of frostbite were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, grade of frostbite injury, and characterization of hospitalization and treatment course were noted and compared to the institutional guideline. 72 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 69 were managed with wound care alone. 15 required admission. There were 3 patients with grade 3 injury, 0 with grade 4 injury. One patient with grade 3 injury was seen prior to guideline implementation, did not receive tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis, and eventually required amputation. The other two were seen after guideline implementation, received thrombolysis, and did not require amputation. The guideline for the treatment of frostbite in pediatric patients based on multidisciplinary consensus and following patient discussion provide a framework to consider when evaluating treatment options for children with frostbite.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mladen Nisavic, Matthew Supple, Daniela Requena, Ashika Bains, Jeremy Goverman
{"title":"Low-Dose Buprenorphine Initiation in Acute Burn Setting, a Retrospective Chart Review.","authors":"Mladen Nisavic, Matthew Supple, Daniela Requena, Ashika Bains, Jeremy Goverman","doi":"10.1093/jbcr/iraf163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant cause of unintentional burn injuries. Pain management in OUD patients requires complex multi-modal treatment and places significant challenges on the patient and their clinical team. Buprenorphine has been well-established as a standard of care in the medical treatment of opioid use disorder, however, its use in surgical patients with significant co-morbid pain was felt to carry a risk for both worsened acute pain control and/or precipitation of withdrawal. As treatment with buprenorphine carries considerable benefits, alternative approaches have been developed to facilitate buprenorphine introduction in the acute peri-operative setting. We present a first-ever retrospective cohort review examining the use of low-dose buprenorphine acute burn injury setting. The majority of our patient cohort (86%) was able to initiate buprenorphine without adverse impact on pain, or emergence of precipitated withdrawal. All of these patients were able to transition to outpatient OUD care for buprenorphine prescribing. Incidentally, we also note that buprenorphine initiation was also associated with reduced opioid prescribing at discharge, with only 50% of our patient cohort requiring a brief short-acting taper in addition to buprenorphine. Further studies should address long-term outcomes in the patient population as well as how to best holistically manage patients with substance use disorder and concurrent burn injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Burn Care & Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}