Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Neurocognitive Profiles in Parents of Autistic Children and Parents of Children with Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Rosemary Neville-Jones, Tracy Garvin, Peter G Enticott, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Melissa Kirkovski","doi":"10.1007/s10803-025-06871-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10803-025-06871-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing evidence to suggest an overlap between autism spectrum disorder (autism) and anorexia nervosa (AN), both of which are known to be highly heritable conditions. The aim of this study was to explore overlapping behavioural and clinical characteristics, and neurocognitive profiles related to the autism dyad of symptoms among parents. Parents of autistic children, parents of children with AN, and parents of typically developing children completed a battery of behavioural questionnaires and neurocognitive tasks related to social cognition and cognitive flexibility. Parents of autistic children reported significantly more difficulties on imaginative abilities compared to the other two parent groups. Parents of children with AN had superior performance on cognitive flexibility tasks. As expected, and in support of an overlap between the two conditions, increased eating disorder psychopathology was associated with poorer performance on neurocognitive tasks related to the autism dyad. Understanding the overlap between AN and autism has important implications for accurate development of risk profiles, diagnosis, as well as treatment. This is critical as those with overlapping traits of autism and AN have poorer treatment outcomes and are at higher risk of the damaging physical health consequences of AN.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"4550-4565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beat Gestures Improve Language Comprehension in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.","authors":"Shifeng Li, Yuhan Zhang, Li Wang, Jiayue Li","doi":"10.1007/s10803-025-06892-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10803-025-06892-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated the role of beat gestures in language comprehension among children with autism spectrum disorders. Twenty-six children with autism and 26 age-matched typically developing children participated in a language comprehension task. The task involved watching video recordings of dialogues presented in three conditions: speech-only, speech with beat gestures, and speech with meaningless gestures. The study recorded the accuracy and reaction time of children's responses, as well as their eye movement patterns, during the task. While there were no significant differences in the accuracy and reaction time across the three conditions for the typically developing children, the autistic children showed significantly improved performance in the beat gesture condition compared to the other two conditions. Additionally, eye-movement data revealed that typically developing children displayed an attentional bias towards the face in all conditions. However, autistic children demonstrated a greater bias in gaze towards the hand location in the gesture condition. The results suggest that beat gestures enhance language comprehension in autistic children by emphasizing prosodic and discourse-pragmatic cues. These findings offer valuable insights for language rehabilitation training practices for Chinese children with autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"4337-4347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for Life Skills Growth in Adults With Profound Autism.","authors":"Elaine B Clarke, Melanie Wellmann, John Kubis-Badilla, Catherine Lord, Vanessa H Bal","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07488-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07488-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research on autistic adults has expanded rapidly in recent years. However, few studies focus on adults with profound autism, despite this subgroup having substantial support needs across the life course. Daily living skills (DLS)-including personal care, household chores, and community tasks-are closely tied to independence and service needs in adulthood. The current study applied an item-level coding framework to informant-report DLS data to identify intervention targets for this population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Parents and staff members of 36 autistic adults (m_age = 35.23 [5.31], 19.4% female, 77% White) who met profound criteria (m_{verbal IQ} = 19.56 [13.17] m_{nonverbal IQ} = 25.0 [19.14]) completed the Vineland adaptive behavior scales, third edition (VABS-3) caregiver interview. A coding scheme developed by Teh and colleagues (2023) was applied to DLS items scored as \"never or seldom\" completed independently to characterize why skills were not achieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patterns of reasons why skills were not achieved differed significantly across DLS domains (i.e., Personal, Domestic, Community; χ²(10) = 137.99, p < .001). Domestic skills were significantly more likely to be rated \"Able-Reminded,\" while Community skills were significantly more likely to be rated \"Unable-Cognitive.\" Many unachieved skills reflected modifiable barriers (e.g., limited opportunities for learning, reliance on prompts) rather than inability, highlighting concrete targets for improving life skills in adults with profound autism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Autistic adults with profound autism retain meaningful potential for continued growth in DLS in adulthood. Item-level analysis of adaptive behavior may pinpoint intervention targets that are not apparent from summary scores alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Differential Associations of Adversity and Victimisation With Psychotic Experiences in Autistic Adolescents.","authors":"Jorge Aguado-Gracia, Roger Borràs, Rosa Calvo Escalona","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07578-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07578-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Healthcare Access for Autistic Children in the UK: Perspectives From Parents and Healthcare Professionals.","authors":"Tonia T Babalola, Rebecca Moss, Lucy Dipper, Nicola Botting","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07533-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07533-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Access to healthcare for autistic children remains challenging, with previous qualitative and quantitative research identifying barriers across individual, provider, and system levels. This study used qualitative interviews to explore parents'/carers' and healthcare professionals' perspectives on healthcare accessibility for autistic children in the UK, with particular attention to barriers, facilitators, and areas of convergence and divergence between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phenomenologically informed qualitative approach was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online with 12 parents/carers of autistic children and eight healthcare professionals, including general practitioners, nurses, and speech and language therapists. Participants were recruited through survey follow-up, social media, and snowball sampling. Data were analysed using inductive, phenomenologically informed reflexive thematic analysis, with NVivo 14 used to manage the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were identified across the parent/carer and healthcare professional datasets: knowledge and training, reasonable adjustments, communication, and system-level barriers. Both groups recognised barriers associated with inconsistent autism-specific knowledge, communication, service pressures, and fragmented care, but differed in emphasis. Parents/carers more often described the consequences of unmet needs and inconsistent adjustments, whereas healthcare professionals emphasised workload pressures, variable training, and the need to adapt care within existing service constraints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the urgent need for addressing systemic inefficiencies, flexibility in healthcare services, and individualised approaches to meet the needs of autistic children and their families to ensure equitable access to healthcare for autistic children in the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Report: User Participation in the Iterative Co-Design of Public Child Mental Health Services.","authors":"Federico Cardelle-Pérez, Cristina Banacloig-Delgado, Nora Inés Muros-Cobos, María Dolores Ortega-García, Sonia Andrés-Espallardo, Mariano Leal-Hernández","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07587-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07587-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Service planning should necessarily involve the community. This brief report presents parental feedback collected after a psychoeducational group for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and places these observations within recent literature on participatory co-design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At the end of the psychoeducational group, parents completed the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8) and were invited to provide optional free-text comments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show a high level of satisfaction with the intervention, and subjective observations of interest were collected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collected feedback illustrates how parental input can guide iterative, user-centered improvements in public ASD services. More research is needed on what are the most appropriate means to integrate the experience of patients and their families into a process of continuous improvement that a public child and adolescent mental health resource should undergo.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of Anxiety in Children and Adults With Moderate to Profound Intellectual Disability.","authors":"Georgina Edwards, Joanne Tarver, Jessica Eliza Mingins, Chris Oliver, Iona Horton, Jane Waite","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07539-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07539-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Identifying potential risk markers implicated in the development and maintenance of anxiety will inform theoretical models and intervention development. However, there is an identified gap in the literature exploring this in individuals with moderate-profound intellectual disability (ID). The current study sought to identify correlates of anxiety in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based sample of 165 parents/carers of individuals with ID took part in a cross-sectional questionnaire study exploring the relationships between sensory processing differences, repetitive behaviour, intolerance of uncertainty, health difficulties, and anxiety. Demographic factors such as age and gender, as well as potential covariates including diagnosis and autism characteristics were considered in the analyses. Due to a paucity of validated measures for individuals with moderate-profound ID, analyses were explored across two existing anxiety measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diagnosis of genetic syndromes and demographic variables were not consistently significantly associated with anxiety once other factors associated with anxiety were added. Auditory sensory processing differences, intolerance of uncertainty and health difficulties were consistently associated with anxiety. Repetitive behaviour, tactile and visual sensory processing differences were not associated with anxiety, CONCLUSION: This work may help to inform explanations for differing prevalence rates across groups, whilst fostering an inclusive approach by including individuals with diagnoses associated with ID and autism, who may present to the same clinical services.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of an Ecological Momentary Intervention for Autistic Adults.","authors":"China I Parenteau, Allison S Nahmias, Matthew D Lerner","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07574-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07574-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Many autistic adults experience limited access to scalable social-emotional supports, underscoring the need for low-intensity interventions that can be integrated into daily life. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a one-week ecological momentary intervention (EMI) designed to enhance social attention and social-emotional functioning through in vivo real-time reporting of social interactions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-one autistic adults were randomized to one of three conditions (facial expression, hair color, or passive control) and completed an EMI protocol and pre- and post-intervention measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Feasibility outcomes were mixed: retention was high, but self-reported adherence fell below the a priori 80% benchmark, and utilization varied considerably. Equivalence tests indicated no condition differences in utilization, adherence, or acceptability. Net acceptability did not meet the a priori threshold of more than 50% of participants reporting neutral or positive net acceptability. Regression analyses revealed no condition-related effects on behavioral, self-report, or neural outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, results suggested that the EMI achieved high retention, but did not meet the a priori thresholds of adequacy for adherence and acceptability, and did not produce detectable changes in social-emotional functioning. Refinements to EMI design and dose may be necessary to improve the potential impact of brief EMIs for autistic adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context Matters: Assessing Sex and Diagnostic Differences in Autistic Children's Language Across Tasks With Differing Levels of Structure.","authors":"Meredith Cola, Margaret Lyons, Sarah Schillinger, Amanda Lee, Calliana Faulk, Lizzy Fulop, Azia Knox, Nasya Howard, Hannah Franke, Alexandria Mulqueen, Sunghye Cho, Mark Y Liberman, Ashlee Yates Flanagan, Juhi Pandey, Robert T Schultz, Sharon Lee Armstrong, Julia Parish-Morris","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07562-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07562-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Examine how task structure and participant sex influence social-word production in verbally fluent autistic and non-autistic youth during two ADOS‑2 Module 3 tasks (Picture Description and Telling a Story From a Book).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred eleven verbally fluent autistic and non-autistic youth (ages 6-15) completed ADOS‑2 Module 3. Groups were matched on age and IQ. Transcripts of Picture Description and Telling a Story From a Book were processed with LIWC‑22 to quantify social words. Generalized linear models predicted social word production in each task using age, IQ, sex, and diagnostic group as predictors, including sex-by-diagnosis interactions. Associations between social-word use in each task and ADOS‑2 Social Affect scores were examined within the autistic group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Picture Description task, there was a significant interactive effect of sex and diagnosis. This was driven by non-autistic girls using more social words than any other subgroup. Autistic girls and boys did not differ. In the Telling a Story From a Book task, there were no significant effects of sex or diagnosis. Within the autistic group, participants who used fewer social words during Picture Description task were rated as having greater social difficulties by expert clinicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Task structure impacts detection of diagnostic and sex-related differences in social language: less structured contexts reveal diagnostic group differences, while structured narrative elicitation attenuates them. Social word production in unstructured settings relates to clinician-rated social difficulties, particularly for autistic girls, highlighting the importance of task selection when assessing pragmatic language.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty Acid Supplementation in Toddlers Born Preterm and Attention and Autism Outcomes at 8-10 Years: Omega Tots Randomized Controlled Trial Long-Term Follow-Up.","authors":"Lisa M Robinette, H Gerry Taylor, Kelly M Boone, Lynette K Rogers, Joseph Rausch, Christopher W Bartlett, Mark A Klebanoff, Sarah A Keim","doi":"10.1007/s10803-026-07566-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07566-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Children born preterm are at increased likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We examined whether 6 months of daily dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + arachidonic acid (AA) supplementation at age 1-year reduced attention problems and likelihood of ADHD and ASD diagnoses in children born preterm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Omega Tots randomized placebo-controlled trial, children born at <35 weeks' gestation received daily DHA (200 mg) + AA (200 mg) or placebo (400 mg corn oil) at 10-16 months' corrected age. This long-term follow-up assessed outcomes at 8.5-10.5 years. Outcomes included parent- and teacher-rated attention problems, performance on the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (continuous performance task), and medical record diagnoses of ASD and ADHD. Mixed linear and log-binomial regression models estimated treatment effects. Subgroup analyses examined effects by sex, birthweight, family income, dietary omega-3 intake, and blood omega-3 status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At least 1 outcome measure was available for all 376 children eligible for follow-up. Flanker scores were higher (better) for the DHA+AA group (difference=3.02; 95% CI=0.01, 6.04), particularly among children with lower dietary omega-3 intake (difference=4.88; 95% CI=0.53, 9.23). DHA+AA was associated with fewer teacher-rated attention problems among children with birthweight>1500g (difference=-2.97; 95% CI=-5.38, -0.55). No group differences were found in likelihood of autism and ADHD diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DHA+AA supplementation was associated with modest improvements in attention, particularly among specific subgroups, supporting further investigation of targeted, personalized nutrition approaches. There was no association between supplementation and likelihood of ADHD and autism.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05191823.</p>","PeriodicalId":15148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}