Journal of Biomaterials Applications最新文献

{"title":"Non-clinical safety of novel cross-linked chondroitin sulfate (SI-449) as an anti-adhesion barrier for abdominal and pelvic surgeries.","authors":"Ayako Shiraki, Shino Ito, Dai Muramatsu, Tomoki Sasaki, Akira Otsuka, Tomomi Miyahara, Katsuya Takahashi, Keiji Yoshioka, Miki Suehiro","doi":"10.1177/08853282261432825","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261432825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative adhesions result from abnormal tissue repair and most frequently occur in patients following abdominal and pelvic surgeries. Prevention of adhesion formation, including the use of anti-adhesion barriers during surgery, is considered the most effective clinical strategy for postoperative adhesions. However, no commercial product is commonly used worldwide because of its insufficient efficacy, complexity, and difficulty of use. We developed a new anti-adhesion barrier using novel biomaterial (SI-449), a cross-linked chondroitin sulfate, in an easy-to-apply powder form. Our previous study using animal models showed that the anti-adhesion efficacy of SI-449 was superior to that of an existing product. In this study, the safety of SI-449 was evaluated based on the results of systemic toxicity tests in rats after intraperitoneal application and a wound healing test in laparotomized rats to mimic its clinical use in abdominal and pelvic surgeries. In the systemic toxicity test, minimal and transient hematological changes and muscular regeneration in the abdominal wall and ileum were observed and were considered to be related to systemic toxicity or local irritation due to SI-449. However, these findings were within the safety margin and not associated with serious toxicity. Other changes were considered physiological reactions to SI-449 or its degradants. In the wound healing test, SI-449 was found to have no effect on the healing of the incisional abdominal wall. In conclusion, the non-clinical safety of SI-449 was confirmed, and this novel biomaterial is expected to be used as an anti-adhesion barrier in abdominal and pelvic surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"584-595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive chitosaan-nicotinamide mononucleotide-naringin composite scaffolds for enhanced maxillofacial bone regeneration.","authors":"Peiyao Chen, Qixin Hao","doi":"10.1177/08853282261443995","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261443995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maxillofacial bone defects remain a complex clinical challenge due to their complex anatomy and limited regenerative capacity. In this study, a bioactive chitosan (CS) scaffold co-incorporated with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and naringin (Ng) was designed to stimulate osteogenesis and cellular metabolism for enhanced bone regeneration. Fourier-transform infrared analysis verified successful molecular integration of NMN and Ng within the chitosan framework, while scanning electron microscopy showed a uniformly porous surface favorable for stem-cell adhesion. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on CS/NMN/Ng scaffolds exhibited enhanced cell proliferation, mitochondrial activity, and osteogenic differentiation compared with unmodified chitosan. At the cellular level, calcium deposition was markedly increased; molecular analysis confirmed up-regulated expression of Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and type-I collagen. The bone regenerative capacity was further validated in a rat mandibular defect model, where micro-computed tomography and histological staining demonstrated near-complete closure of the defect with increased bone volume fraction and trabecular density after 8 weeks. Overall, the NMN-naringin-functionalized chitosan scaffold provides a metabolically active, osteoinductive microenvironment that promotes bone regeneration, indicating a translational potential for maxillofacial and craniofacial bone tissue engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"528-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel biomaterial platforms for local pancreatic cancer therapy: Drug delivery, tissue interaction, and translational challenges.","authors":"Li Renjie, Pan Xinyang, Zhang Tianzhu","doi":"10.1177/08853282261494811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282261494811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy because of delayed diagnosis, dense stromal architecture, limited intratumoral drug penetration, systemic treatment-related toxicity, and frequent postoperative recurrence. These challenges have created a need for functional biomaterials that can be applied locally to the tumor or surgical bed while providing controlled therapeutic delivery and favorable interactions with surrounding tissues.Hydrogels are promising biomaterial platforms for this purpose because their composition, crosslinking, network structure, degradation, mechanical behavior, and surface chemistry can be tailored to provide injectability, in situ gelation, wet-tissue adhesion, local retention, and sustained payload release. This review critically examines hydrogel biomaterial platforms for local pancreatic cancer therapy, with emphasis on material design, functional properties, tissue interaction, therapeutic integration, and translational performance. Representative applications include postoperative adhesive hydrogels, localized chemotherapeutic depots, photothermal and sonodynamic systems, radiotherapy-assisting hydrogel spacers, and immunomodulatory hydrogels.Particular attention is given to the relationships between biomaterial properties and clinical function, including how gelation behavior, adhesion, swelling, degradation, payload retention, and mechanical stability influence local therapeutic performance. Current limitations, including formulation complexity, uncertain degradation behavior, insufficient large-animal validation, sterilization compatibility, manufacturing reproducibility, and clinically feasible administration, are critically discussed. A translational roadmap and comparative readiness framework are further proposed to distinguish relatively mature hydrogel systems from platforms that require substantial biomaterial and preclinical optimization. Overall, hydrogel biomaterials provide a versatile interface between local drug delivery, tissue management, and multimodal pancreatic cancer therapy, although their successful translation will depend on reproducible material performance and rigorous biological evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282261494811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double crosslinked cryogels based on glycidyl methacrylate modified chitosan for hemostasis and wound healing.","authors":"Jiajie Li, Huanyu Zhong, Danyang Li, Na Peng","doi":"10.1177/08853282261427996","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261427996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic wound management is a critical issue that needs to be addressed. Chitosan (CS) with inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability is widely applied in wound healing, but the products of CS often suffer from poor water solubility and mechanical strength. Herein, we developed new double-crosslinked CS-based cryogels. Firstly, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was used to modify CS for the crosslinking of double bonds, followed by further crosslinking with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). A series of CS-based cryogels were prepared by adjusting the concentration of CS from 2wt% to 4wt% and the content of BDDE from 0.1vol% to 0.4vol%. The CS-based cryogels demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties as the concentration of CS increased, higher swelling capacity as the content of BDDE increased and potent antioxidant activity around 80%. The CS-based cryogels exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial performance, with antibacterial rates over 90% against both <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays confirmed the biocompatibility and hemocompatibility of the cryogels. The CS-based cryogels reduced blood loss in mice tail amputation models and accelerated tissue regeneration in full-thickness wound models demonstrating potential for clinical application. Among them, the CS₃-GB₃ cryogel demonstrated the most effective promotion of wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"473-484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D GelMA-Chitosan constructs regulate mesenchymal stem cell fate via YAP-dependent mechanotransduction for spinal cord injury repair.","authors":"Qinglin Luo, Xiangyong Que, You Zhou, Maopeng Wang, Xiaokang Zhu, Han Wang, Jingwei Jiu, Xinzhi Li","doi":"10.1177/08853282261445702","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261445702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in irreversible neuronal loss, cystic cavitation, and a chronically hostile microenvironment that severely limits endogenous repair. Conventional stem cell transplantation is frequently compromised by low cell survival, uncontrolled differentiation, and rapid cell loss. To address these challenges, we developed a mechano-responsive, three-dimensional bioprinted scaffold composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and chitosan (CS), featuring an elastic modulus of 10.0 kPa, interconnected porous architecture, and photocrosslinkable bioactivity that recapitulate key mechanical characteristics of native spinal cord tissue. When loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the scaffold promoted cytoplasmic sequestration of yes-associated protein (YAP), thereby directing MSC fate toward a neurogenic phenotype, accompanied by enhanced expression of stemness markers (NANOG and OCT4) and increased paracrine secretion of neurotrophic factors, including GDNF, NGF, and NT-3. In a rat complete spinal cord transection model, implantation of the MSC-laden scaffold significantly improved BBB locomotor scores and pain thresholds within 4 weeks. Histological analyses further revealed increased MAP2-positive axonal regeneration, enhanced MBP-positive myelination, and reduced GFAP-positive glial scar formation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a scalable and effective strategy that integrates biomimetic mechanical cues with controlled stem cell fate regulation to promote functional neural regeneration following SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"596-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and in vivo evaluation of a self-polymerizable tranilast-loaded silicone gel for scar modulation.","authors":"Farjam Goudarzi, Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi, Sara Derakhshan, Khodabakhsh Rashidi, Amir Kiani","doi":"10.1177/08853282261432810","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261432810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic scars and keloids represent pathological outcomes of wound healing characterized by excessive collagen deposition and persistent myofibroblast activity, necessitating effective therapeutic intervention. In this study, a self-polymerizable one-component silicone gel loaded with tranilast was developed and evaluated in a rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model. The formulation was characterized for physicochemical, rheological, and film-forming properties, and its biocompatibility was assessed in accordance with ISO 10993 standards. Hypertrophic scars were induced by punch biopsy on rabbit ears (n = 6), followed by topical treatment with silicone gel alone or tranilast-loaded silicone gel for 40 days. Scar remodeling was evaluated using histological staining (H&E, Masson's trichrome), α-SMA immunohistochemistry, and biochemical quantification of hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycans. The gel rapidly polymerized on the skin to form a stable solid film and demonstrated favorable biocompatibility. Tranilast release reached approximately 81% within 24 h, following diffusion-controlled kinetics. Histological analyses revealed reduced epidermal and dermal thickness in treated groups compared to control, with the tranilast-loaded gel showing collagen fiber reorganization closely resembling healthy skin. Hydroxyproline content was significantly reduced in the tranilast group compared to both control and silicone-only groups (p < 0.01), accompanied by decreased α-SMA expression (27-30%), indicating suppression of myofibroblast activity. These findings demonstrate that the self-polymerizable silicone gel provides an effective delivery platform for tranilast, offering synergistic benefits in scar modulation and supporting its potential for advanced topical scar management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"568-583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147457659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of cartilage injury using a novel plug-type scaffold immersed in hyaluronic acid.","authors":"Chuji Hirota, Kuniaki Ikeda, Takashi Ishitani, Takeru Iwata, Eichi Ito, Shunsuke Sezaki, Daisuke Morita, Yoshinori Okamoto, Hitoshi Wakama, Shuhei Otsuki","doi":"10.1177/08853282261440933","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261440933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The osteochondral autograft transfer system has demonstrated potential for hyaline cartilage restoration; however, donor-site morbidity remains a considerable challenge. Therefore, we aimed to develop an innovative plug-type cartilage scaffold using polyglycolic acid (PGA) and poly (L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) [P (LA/CL)], and evaluate its effectiveness in a cartilage injury model. We fabricated cartilage plugs by wrapping PGA felt with P (LA/CL) sutures combined with a P (LA/CL) sponge, and implanted the plugs into porcine knee cartilage defects to investigate their effectiveness with and without hyaluronic acid (HA). In addition to HA infiltration and release kinetics plug assessments, we performed a histological assessment of cartilage repair. The cartilage plug scaffold exhibited drug delivery capabilities, achieving 150% HA infiltration within 30 min and sustained HA release effects for over 24 h. The cartilage plugs immersed in HA exhibited a smooth surface and rich glycosaminoglycan cartilage regeneration, indicating that HA in the scaffold may enhance chondrocyte migration and the extracellular matrix. The PGA-based cartilage plug scaffold reinforced with P (LA/CL) and immersed in HA facilitated effective hyaline cartilage repair, providing a new therapeutic option for less invasive cartilage treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"519-527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a multi-targeted magnetic combined enrichment system for circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer and analysis of their genomic profiles.","authors":"Linfei Huang, Yuelu Ruan, Lei Zhu, Jing Xu","doi":"10.1177/08853282261443671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261443671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study aims to establish an efficient Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) multi-targeted magnetic combined sorting system for Gastric cancer (GC), while comparing it with tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) samples to evaluate its feasibility and consistency for genomic profiling analysis. <b>Method:</b> Establish an efficient CTCs sorting system for GC targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule, cell surface vimentin, and protein tyrosine kinase 7, and evaluate its physicochemical properties and cell capture efficiency. Assess the feasibility of tumor cell detection through animal experiments. Sixty-eight GC patients underwent CTCs detection. Clinical information was analyzed to evaluate the clinical utility of CTCs in the auxiliary diagnosis of GC. Next-generation sequencing was performed on GC tissue, CTCs, and ctDNA samples to assess the consistency of genetic mutations across different sample types. <b>Results:</b> The constructed CTCs sorting system exhibits excellent physicochemical properties, achieving a capture rate of 94.68%. Animal studies confirm a positive correlation between tumor cells count and tumor volume. The number of CTCs in the blood of GC patients is significantly correlated with tumor size, stage, and metastasis. The CTCs count in GC patients is significantly higher than in healthy individuals and high-risk groups for cancer, with diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 97.29% and 97.73%, respectively. The mutation detection rate in CTCs samples was significantly higher than that in tissue and ctDNA samples. The concordance rate between CTCs and tissue mutations was 24.32%, while the concordance rate between CTCs and ctDNA mutations was 19.05%. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study successfully established a multi-target combined CTCs multi-targeted magnetic combined sorting system for GC. CTCs detection based on this system can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of GC patients. Furthermore, compared to GC tissue and ctDNA samples, CTCs detection enables more comprehensive genomic profiling analysis and serves as an important supplement to GC genomic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"554-567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147698945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation into the degradation mechanism of Cu-Fe/HA biodegradable composite materials based on experiments and simulations.","authors":"Nan Huang, Hong Qin, Siqi Zhao, Yuzhen Feng, Yingyang Zhao, Yingxue Teng","doi":"10.1177/08853282261447086","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261447086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The degradation behavior and mechanisms of Cu-Fe/HA composites are investigated in this study, combining experimental analysis with cellular automata simulations to elucidate the synergistic mechanism between Cu and Hydroxyapatite (HA) during the degradation process. The results demonstrate that the corrosion of the Fe matrix exhibits periodic characteristics during corrosion, while the addition of Cu significantly influences the degradation performance of the material. In the early immersion stage (30 days), Cu and Fe form a \"Fe-Cu galvanic cell\", accelerating the corrosion rate of the sample. In the later immersion stage (180 days), Cu is reduced and deposited on the surface to form a protective film, which instead reduces the degradation rate of samples with higher Cu content (as evidenced by the weight loss rates of 0.04046% and 0.04306% for Cu1-Fe and Cu2-Fe, respectively, compared to only 0.01936% for Cu5-Fe) reflecting a dual role of \"initial acceleration followed by subsequent inhibition.\" The introduction of HA further regulates the degradation process. Its preferential degradation leads to the formation of a porous structure in the sample, thereby increasing the contact area between the solution and Fe and accelerating subsequent corrosion of Fe. Combined with cellular automata simulations, the coupling mechanism between corrosion product exfoliation and dynamic Cu deposition was verified, providing theoretical and experimental support for designing controllable-degradation Cu-Fe/HA composite bone implant materials. The results of biological experiments showed that at an extraction concentration of 12.5 wt. %, the bone cell proliferation rate exceeds 100 %, while the hemolysis rate remains below 2 %, meeting the requirements for biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"485-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147815497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and hemocompatibility of poly (N-acryloyl-L-tryptophan) nanoparticles as targeting delivery carriers for vinblastine.","authors":"Zishan Zhou, Hongquan Tao, Haocheng Yang, Ao Duan, Jiahui Yu, Yixin Chen, Yongyan Zhu, Quanhong Zhu","doi":"10.1177/08853282261422124","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282261422124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Favorable biocompatibility is essential to biomaterials, and natural amino acids are recognized as the promising building block of polymers due to their non-toxicity and tunable side chains. We prepared polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) using N-acryloyl-L-tryptophan monomer by precipitation polymerization, and modified with polyethylene glycol and folate (PEG-FA) to improve the solubility and target folate-receptors (FR) overexpressed tumor tissues. Serving as drug carriers for vinblastine (VBL), NPs-PEG-FA with about 212.4 nm had the drug loading of VBL of 6.65 ± 0.41% after co-incubating for 1 h and showed sustained-release in pH 7.4 PBS, in which 99.87 ± 1.00% of VBL was released from NPs-PEG-FA during 72 h. Furthermore, NPs-PEG-FA was more efficiently taken up by FR positive Hela cells compared with NPs-PEG, which signified folate could enhance the internalization of NPs-PEG-FA into FR over-expressed cells. And NPs-PEG-FA began to enter Hela cells in large quantities from 3 h onwards, meanwhile the released drug increased more quickly in the first 3 h, which indicated most of the drugs would be released after entering tumor cells. More importantly, NPs-PEG-FA had good biocompatibility to L929 mouse fibroblast cells and exhibited hemocompatibility via the assays of hemolysis, antithrombogenicity, coagulation activation and platelet activation. NPs-PEG-FA could serve as drug carriers for delivering drugs into FR positive tumor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"537-553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}