Faeze Shojaeinia, Masoumeh Haghbin Nazarpak, Akbar Karkhaneh
{"title":"Antioxidant and antibacterial alginate/lignin composite hydrogels loaded with vancomycin for wound dressing applications.","authors":"Faeze Shojaeinia, Masoumeh Haghbin Nazarpak, Akbar Karkhaneh","doi":"10.1177/08853282251347768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251347768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogels are advantageous for wound healing as they provide mechanical support and maintain a moist environment, essential for tissue repair. Although conventional alginate-based hydrogels are commonly used in wound care, they often lack essential properties like antibacterial and antioxidant functionality. To address this limitation, this research focused on synthesizing composite hydrogels combining alginate with lignin and loading them with Vancomycin. The incorporation of lignin and Vancomycin imparted antibacterial and antioxidant properties to the hydrogels, enhancing their therapeutic potential. The hydrogels are dual crosslinked (physically and chemically), where lignin counteracts high levels of reactive oxygen species and reduces excessive inflammation at the wound site. Furthermore, the hydrogels had pores ranging from 100 to 135 μm, which is beneficial to gas and nutrient exchange and wound fluid absorption. Results showed that lignin improved the hydrogels' stability in physiological conditions by 50%. Additionally, the incorporation of lignin led to a 30% increase in antioxidant activity and a 50% boost in antibacterial activity. Vancomycin release from the hydrogels was measured, which showed alginate-only hydrogels releasing 50% and lignin-reinforced hydrogels releasing 35% over the first 24 hours. The MTT test confirmed approximately 90% cell viability across all samples, suggesting that the designed hydrogels are promising candidates for wound dressing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251347768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nano-hydroxyapatite doped tyramine gelatin/silk fibroin scaffold for the regeneration of cancellous bone defects.","authors":"Lina Yang, Mengting Wang, Caixing Peng, Xiang Gong, Lihong Fan, Shuhua Liu, Shengxiang Tao","doi":"10.1177/08853282251347346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251347346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gelatin (G) and silk fibroin (SF) are well-established as scaffold materials for bone regeneration; however, their limited binding abilities and mechanical properties often result in less-than-ideal outcomes. In this study, we sought to enhance the stability of a silk fibroin/gelatin biomimetic scaffold by introducing a tyramine bond to the gelatin and incorporating nanohydroxyapatite as a bioactive element. This innovation led to the development of a more robust silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite/gelatin tyramine biomimetic scaffold (SHGT). The biomimetic scaffold was fabricated through an enzymatic reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide (HRP/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), which facilitated the interaction between a high concentration of silk fibroin (17%) and gelatin tyramine (GT). Additionally, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was incorporated as a bioactive filler to promote bone repair. Our findings indicated that the SHG biomimetic scaffold, initially designed as a sponge, was transformed into an SHGT scaffold with improved brittle fracture resistance, thus broadening its potential applications in bone reconstruction. Moreover, the data showed that combining GT with RGD sequences and HA as a bioactive component significantly enhanced the viability of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured on the scaffold. This synergistic effect highlights the potential of the SHGT scaffold as a promising material for bone tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251347346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oyster shell powder reinforced chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) freeze-dried composite sponge for on-site hemorrhage control.","authors":"Pranabesh Kumar Sasmal, Sujankrishna Samanta, Shalini Dasgupta, Samit Kumar Nandi, Abhijit Chanda, Pallab Datta","doi":"10.1177/08853282251347348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251347348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A composite hemostatic sponge consisting of chitosan (CS) with oyster shell powder (OSP) has been developed as a potentially sustainable composite material for controlling hemorrhage at the injury site. The system is designed assuming that Ca<sup>+</sup> released by OSP will accelerate the effect of chitosan at damage sites, enhancing the overall hemostatic efficacy. The sponge was thoroughly characterized using FTIR, SEM, and EDX analysis. In vitro, blood clotting assays such as clotting time (CT) [188 ± 4 s], prothrombin time (PT) [36 ± 1 s], activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) [51 ± 2 s], and plasma recalcification time (PRT) [58 ± 3 s] demonstrated that the inclusion of CaCO<sub>3</sub> significantly improved clot formation, with the CS-OSP sponge outperforming control sponges without OSP. RT-PCR analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and interleukin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on fibroblast cell lines evidenced the wound healing-promoting activity of OSP-reinforced CS sponges. This was further supported by in vivo studies using a rabbit femoral artery injury model, where the CaCO<sub>3</sub>-enhanced sponge achieved superior hemostasis and reduced blood loss more effectively than the control sponges without CaCO<sub>3</sub>. These findings suggest that the oyster shell-derived CaCO<sub>3</sub> enhances the hemostatic activity of chitosan-based sponges, providing a promising candidate for rapid hemorrhage control in clinical settings, particularly in scenarios involving both oozing and pressurized bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251347348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinwen Wang, Zhuoyan Xie, Aimin Tang, Wenjin Chen, Yingyao Liu
{"title":"Preparation and application of nanosilver/nanocellulose composite antimicrobial strain-responsive dual network hydrogels.","authors":"Qinwen Wang, Zhuoyan Xie, Aimin Tang, Wenjin Chen, Yingyao Liu","doi":"10.1177/08853282251340167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251340167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the progress of science and technology, smart wearable devices prepared based on antimicrobial conductive hydrogels have come to have important applications in motion detection, medical monitoring, human-machine interface and soft robotics. On the basis of satisfying the performance of antimicrobial conductive, hydrogels also need to improve the mechanical properties to adapt to more wearable device applications. In this study, glycerol and agar were introduced on the basis of nanosilver/nanocellulose composite antimicrobial strain-responsive hydrogels (AP hydrogels), and nanosilver/nanocellulose composite antimicrobial strain-responsive dual-network hydrogel (APA-DN hydrogel) could be constructed by a two-step moulding method of thermal initiation and sol-gelation, and encapsulated into a strain-responsive sensor. Tensile fracture strain and stress of the APA-DN hydrogel could reach that concomitant with an elongation of 2182.0 mm. The tensile fracture strain and stress of the APA-DN hydrogel can reach 2182.71% and 279.76 kPa, and the modulus of elasticity and toughness can reach 36.35 kPa and 2772.98 kJ/m<sup>3</sup>, thereby realising enhanced mechanical properties on the basis of the AP hydrogel. The relative resistance of the APA-DN hydrogel sensors was stable in the range of 0-120% under 100% strain cycling, maintaining stable repeatability and durability of strain response. The APA-DN hydrogels are capable of outputting stable and reproducible electrical signals in the monitoring of hand and head movements, and they are expected to be applied in human behaviour detection by collecting and classifying the response signals in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251340167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raymond Puijk, Behrouz Zandieh-Doulabi, Wendy J A M Runderkamp, Bart G Pijls, Jenneke Klein-Nulend, Peter A Nolte
{"title":"Human osteoblast response to uncemented knee implant surface structures and osteoclast formation in vitro.","authors":"Raymond Puijk, Behrouz Zandieh-Doulabi, Wendy J A M Runderkamp, Bart G Pijls, Jenneke Klein-Nulend, Peter A Nolte","doi":"10.1177/08853282251346324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251346324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early bone ingrowth and minimal resorption ensure rigid fixation in uncemented total knee replacements. Trabecular titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti6Al4V) and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated vacuum-plasma-sprayed (VPS) titanium with varying porosities and HA-coating thicknesses, have been developed to enhance fixation, though bone cellular response remains largely unknown. This study evaluated osteoblast responses to trabecular Ti6Al4V and three VPS titanium surfaces with 20%-40% or 30%-70% porosity and HA coatings of 60, 80, or 90 µm. Human primary osteoblasts were seeded and cultured for 29 days, to assess seeding efficiency, viability, metabolic activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the effect of osteoblast-released factors in conditioned medium during the last 4 days of culture on osteoclast formation. VPS-HA groups were first compared individually; when no differences were found, data were pooled for comparison with the trabecular group. Osteoblast seeding efficiency, viability, metabolic activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity were similar between VPS-HA surfaces. Moreover, osteoblast-conditioned medium did not affect osteoclast formation. Osteoblast seeding efficiency and viability were similar between the pooled VPS-HA and trabecular surface. Compared to the pooled VPS-HA, the trabecular surface increased osteoblast metabolic (1.5-2.7-fold) and alkaline phosphatase activity (6.5-15.2-fold). Osteoblast-conditioned medium reduced osteoclast formation (2.1-3.4-fold) on trabecular compared to the pooled VPS-HA surface. In conclusion, these findings show that VPS-HA surfaces with various porosities and HA-coating thicknesses similarly affect osteoblast and osteoclast responses, while trabecular surfaces enhance osteoblast responsiveness and inhibit osteoclast formation. These results might help to further improve early stability and reduce long-term loosening risk in uncemented knee replacements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251346324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and evaluation of sodium alginate-based hydrogel containing green tea for the treatment of diabetic ulcers in rat model.","authors":"Pirasteh Norouzi, Nariman Rezaei Kolarijani, Naimeh Mahheidari, Arian Ehterami, Arindam Bit, Anneh Mohammad Gharravi, Seyed Meysam Yekesadat, Seyedeh Nazanin Aghayan, Saeed Haghi-Daredeh, Majid Salehi","doi":"10.1177/08853282251345004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251345004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A functional and biocompatible biomaterial is essential for accelerating the regeneration of skin tissue at the wound site. Hydrogel scaffolds in three dimensions show promising candidates for this purpose. This study was conducted to design a novel porous cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel containing green tea (GT) and assess its morphology, swelling, weight loss, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. Ultimately, the created hydrogel's therapeutic effectiveness was examined in a complete dermal diabetes wound model. The findings indicated that the hydrogel prepared had significant porosity, with interconnected pores around 75.821 µm in size. The weight loss evaluation indicated that the created hydrogel can be degraded naturally, with a weight loss ratio of about 74% for Alg/GT 80 mg after being incubated for 24 hours. Additionally, the study indicated that hydrogel dressings exhibited greater wound closure compared to gauze-treated wounds, which served as the control. The group with GT at a concentration of 80 mg showed the highest percentage of wound closure. The histopathological studies and IHC evaluation for TGF-β1 confirmed the in vivo finding. This study proposes utilizing 3D Alg hydrogels with GT as a wound dressing, but further studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251345004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promotion of endothelialization of silk functionalized with IKVAV peptide and production of silk containing IKVAV-REDV sequence by transgenic silkworms.","authors":"Tetsuo Asakura, Tatsuya Hayashi, Takashi Tanaka, Ken-Ichiro Tatematsu, Hideki Sezutsu","doi":"10.1177/08853282251345003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251345003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early endothelialization and the prevention of platelet adhesion are crucial in the development of small-diameter vascular grafts to prevent thrombus formation and intimal thickening. Silk fibroin (SF) from <i>Bombyx mori</i> is commonly used for such grafts. In our previous study, we found that silk vascular grafts coated with sponge-like transgenic (TG) silk incorporating the arginine-glutamic acid-aspartate-valine (REDV) peptide and transplanted into rats yielded favorable results. In this study, we aimed to achieve even better results by incorporating additional peptides into TG silk containing REDV and coating silk vascular grafts with this sponge. Initially, we sought to identify such peptides. We attempted to immobilize several peptides containing REDV onto silk using cyanuric chloride. Cell culture experiments with normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were performed on SF, SF+REDV, SF + arginine-glycine- aspartate (RGD), SF+cysteine-alanine-glycine (CAG), and SF + isoleucine-lysine- valine- alanine-valine (IKVAV) films to assess adhesion, proliferation, and extensibility; SF+RGD and SF+IKVAV films demonstrated high adhesion behavior of HUVECs. In addition, platelet adhesion on these SF+peptide films was evaluated. Platelet adhesion strength was much higher on SF+RGD films than on other SF+peptide films. These results suggest that IKVAV may be the most suitable peptide for coating SF vascular grafts. Subsequently, we successfully produced TG silk incorporating IKVAV+REDV. We then coated small-diameter silk vascular grafts with sponge-like TG silk incorporating IKVAV+REDV and measured its physical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251345003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genipin stabilized fibrin microbeads: Carrying cytokines to form niches for stem cell differentiation.","authors":"Qian Chen, Pingping Hu, Wenjing Yang, Xiuquan Xu, Genbao Shao","doi":"10.1177/08853282251344394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251344394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Niches, which are combinations of extracellular matrix and cytokines, play essential roles in the stem cell biology. In this study, genipin stabilized fibrin microbeads (gFMBs) were prepared through oil emulsion method. Then, sonic hedgehog (SHH) was crosslinked to the surface of gFMBs by using genipin. These gFMBs were designated as gFMB@SHH since SHH was attached to their surface. Moreover, ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) were cultured, characterized, and used to test gFMB@SHH. Genipin not only changed the color of fibrin microbeads (FMBs) to deep blue, but also stabilized FMBs by delaying their degradation in vitro. In addition to the nontoxic and proliferation promoting effects of gFMB@SHH on EMSCs, gFMBs@SHH could induce neural differentiation of EMSCs by stimulating the SHH/Gli pathway. Therefore, genipin stabilized fibrin microbeads might be a promising structure to construct niches for in vitro stem cell researches.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251344394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenyu Wang, Jiayi Yang, Jun Peng, Jingjing Zhu, Xiangqin Li, Jiang Du, Yuen Yee Cheng, Jie Xu, Fei Song, Zhilin Jia, Kedong Song
{"title":"A 3D printed biomimetic composite scaffold based on graphene/gelatin/sodium alginate bioink: Cell proliferation effects and toxicity assessments.","authors":"Zhenyu Wang, Jiayi Yang, Jun Peng, Jingjing Zhu, Xiangqin Li, Jiang Du, Yuen Yee Cheng, Jie Xu, Fei Song, Zhilin Jia, Kedong Song","doi":"10.1177/08853282251341091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282251341091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral nerve injuries are a major global health issue, with current treatments showing significant limitations. Neural tissue engineering provides a promising solution by creating supportive environments for nerve regeneration. This study used advanced 3D bioprinting to produce biomimetic scaffolds from graphene-enhanced bio-inks, integrating cells, scaffold materials, and growth signals. Compared to traditional methods, 3D printing ensures precise material distribution, improving cell density. The bio-ink, made of graphene (Gr), gelatin (Gel), and sodium alginate (SA), was tested at concentrations of 0.02%, 0.08%, and 0.2% to find the best formula for neural repair. Among four scaffold groups (Gel/SA, 0.02% Gr/Gel/SA, 0.08% Gr/Gel/SA, 0.2% Gr/Gel/SA), the 0.08% Gr scaffold showed the best mechanical strength, structural integrity, and biocompatibility. Graphene improved the scaffolds' compressive strength and degradation balance but reduced water absorption, porosity and increased the contact angle at higher concentrations. PC12 cells on the scaffolds showed excellent proliferation and minimal toxicity at lower graphene levels. The 0.08% Gr scaffold was most effective in nerve regeneration, highlighting the potential of graphene-enhanced 3D-printed scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. This research underscores the importance of 3D bioprinting in advancing nerve repair treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"8853282251341091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"pH-triggered small molecule nanodrugs self-assembled from tryptamine-cinnamaldehyde and fisetin for targeted sepsis-associated encephalopathy therapy.","authors":"Ximing Deng, Jinyao Zhou, Wei Fang, Rao Sun, Guoqing Yan, Yun Sun","doi":"10.1177/08853282251318052","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08853282251318052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is an acute diffuse brain dysfunction, but its clinical treatment just focuses on antibiotics and supportive therapy, which fail to directly limit the development of SAE. Herein, this work highlights the development of pH-triggered small molecule nanodrugs self-assembled from tryptamine (Try)-cinnamaldehyde (CA) and fisetin for targeted SAE therapy. The imine linkage in Try-CA and acid-dependent protonation of Try and fisetin endow the nanodrugs with pH-triggered dynamic changes of particle sizes, surficial charges, and drug release. Moreover, the combined use of Try-CA and fisetin also endows the nanodrugs with superior antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial capabilities compared to their individual use. These characteristics of the nanodrugs facilitate long-term circulation stability, effective penetration through BBB, selective accumulation in the brain, and target to central and peripheral focal areas, thereby achieving comprehensive treatment or relief of SAE. Thus, these attractive experimental results illuminate the enormous potential of such pH-triggered small molecule nanodrugs for targeted SAE therapy, advancing their use in clinics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15138,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomaterials Applications","volume":" ","pages":"1165-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}