Journal of Applied Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Alleviative effects of low-dose lactulose combined with Bacillus pumilus NJAUYBN1-7 on slow transit constipation in loperamide-induced mice.","authors":"Youdan Sun, Xiaoyan Zheng, Guiying Dai, Changsheng Chen, Sichao Mao, Xinyi Xu, Xingxiang Chen","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag244","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by intestinal motility dysfunction, barrier damage, hormonal imbalance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. High-concentration (50%) lactulose is routinely used for STC treatment, while Bacillus pumilus acts as a probiotic to regulate intestinal flora. However, the synergistic efficacy and mechanism of low-dose lactulose combined with Bacillus pumilus NJAUYBN1-7 for STC remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of this combined therapy and compare its efficacy with conventional high-dose lactulose monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A loperamide-induced mouse STC model was applied for efficacy evaluation. Compared with 50% lactulose monotherapy, 30% lactulose combined with vegetative cells of Bacillus pumilus NJAUYBN1-7 (2.0 × 109 CFU·mL-1) significantly relieved constipation symptoms and shortened the first defecation time to 174.5 ± 9.14 min. Meanwhile, fecal output, fecal water content (52.08% ± 5.33%), and intestinal transit rate (49.38% ± 2.46%) were markedly increased. Mechanistically, the combination restored the SCF/Kit pathway, significantly upregulated the expression of intestinal barrier-related proteins (P < 0.05), normalized gastrointestinal hormone concentrations, alleviated colonic inflammation by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (P < 0.05), and remodeled gut microbiota homeostasis by altering the relative abundance of key enteric bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thirty percent of lactulose combined with Bacillus pumilus NJAUYBN1-7 exhibits superior STC therapeutic effects compared with 50% lactulose monotherapy. This synergistic regimen improves intestinal motility, repairs intestinal barrier, relieves inflammation, and optimizes intestinal microenvironment via multi-target regulation. This study provides novel mechanistic insights and validates the clinical translational potential of this safe and efficient combined strategy for STC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applied antibacterial and surface decontamination potential of methyl salicylate-rich Gaultheria fragrantissima essential oil.","authors":"Viktória Lilla Balázs, Györgyi Horváth, Edit Ormai, Marianna Kocsis, Sarah Shubail, Viktoria Biró, Eszter Csikós, Tímea Bencsik, Bence Bordás, Tamás Ollmann, Béla Kocsis, Margita Szilágyi-Utczás, Judit Krisch, Erika Bencsik-Kerekes","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The persistence of biofilm-forming nosocomial pathogens on healthcare-associated surfaces represents a major challenge in infection control. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, membrane-disruptive, and surface decontamination potential of methyl salicylate-rich Gaultheria fragrantissima essential oil (GFEO) against clinically relevant pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Antibacterial activity was determined by broth microdilution, while antibiofilm effects were assessed using crystal violet assays. Membrane-disruptive activity was evaluated by measuring cytoplasmic leakage, and synergistic interactions with antibiotics were analysed using checkerboard titration. Surface disinfection potential was examined using carrier-based assays on stainless steel, glass, and polystyrene surfaces. GFEO exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (MIC: 0.156-2.5 mg mL⁻¹) and significantly inhibited early-stage biofilm formation (69-92%). Rapid membrane permeabilization was observed within 10 min, with up to approx. 80% disruption at 2 × MIC after 60 min. Synergistic interactions were identified with selected antibiotics (FICI 0.25-0.5). In surface assays, GFEO achieved approximately 3 log₁₀ reductions for most strain-surface combinations within 20 min and up to 4.77 log₁₀ after 60 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GFEO exhibits a potent membrane-mediated antimicrobial profile with strong antibiofilm and surface bactericidal activity, highlighting its potential as a natural agent for healthcare-associated infection control and environmental decontamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of machine learning to unlock cycle performance and future parametric release of terminally sterilized medical devices at scale using low temperature gaseous hydrogen peroxide (VH2O2): A Review.","authors":"Jack Carrig, Eoin White, Patrick G Mongan, Michela Ottaviani, Daniela Butan, Neil J Rowan","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gaseous hydrogen peroxide (VH2O2) is becoming an increasingly important low-temperature sterilization modality for medical devices and is being positioned as a sustainable alternative to using ethylene oxide that sterilizes approximately 50% of medical devices globally. This review examines VH2O2 from a comparative sustainable process capability perspective and explores existing operational performance and limitations to overcome for scale optimisation including parametric release considerations. A PRISMA style review of the literature indicates that VH2O2 technology is microbiologically effective and industrially promising. Best published studies have improved our understanding of key determinants such as pressure, humidity, temperature, concentration, condensation behaviour, material compatibility, and biological indicator response. However, critical process parameters and their interactions have not been statistically defined that limits optimisation including for full industrial scale cycle implementation. Additionally, continuous process data generated during sterilization cycles is not used for operational assurance. Machine learning (ML) is examined as a complementary approach to address sterilization science opportunities. Evidence from related sterilization modalities shows that ML can reduce experimental burden by decreasing the number of experimental runs required, improving cycle output anomaly detection, supporting optimisation, and enhancing use of continuous sensor data. These findings highlight that sustainable VH2O2 can potentially be further advanced through ML enabled optimisation as a reliable, data-driven, industrial-scale terminal sterilization modality for global deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcriptional regulator CasR controls mycobacterial antioxidant defense and biofilm formation via multiple direct targets.","authors":"Huizi Chen, Yuanpeng Li, Jiachen Zheng, Xiaolin Liu, Jie Lu, Weihui Li","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag210","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The antioxidant defense system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is critical for pathogenicity and persistence within macrophages, yet the regulatory networks remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which the transcription factor CasR regulates antioxidant defense in mycobacteria through delineation of the regulatory axis linking CasR activity, target gene expression, and the antioxidant phenotype.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Using Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model organism, we demonstrate that overexpression of CasR renders the bacteria significantly susceptible to hydrogen peroxide. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and β-galactosidase reporter analyses reveal that CasR directly binds and represses the promoter of cyp144, an uncharacterized cytochrome P450-encoding gene. Deletion of casRMsmreduces biofilm formation, consistent with the expected derepression of cyp144Msm, a gene that negatively regulates both biofilm and oxidative stress tolerance. EMSA and β-galactosidase activity assays also demonstrate that CasR negatively regulates antioxidant gene katGI, suggesting that CasR exerts a broader, global regulatory role within the mycobacterial antioxidant defense network. Furthermore, we identify isoleucine 18 as a critical residue for the DNA-binding and regulatory function of CasR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes CasR as a pleiotropic transcriptional regulator that directly controls multiple antioxidant genes, including cyp144 and katGI, in mycobacteria. We report a previously unrecognized role for a cytochrome P450 family member in suppressing bacterial antioxidant capacity, as cyp144 overexpression reduces biofilm formation. These findings provide a valuable reference for further investigation into mycobacterial antioxidant mechanisms and identify CasR and Cyp144 as potential targets for the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting dermatophyte clinical isolates: Lippia grata Schauer essential oil exhibits in vitro antifungal and antibiofilm activities.","authors":"Fábio do Nascimento Sales, Joama Rebouças, Simone Nataly Busato de Feiria, Nalu Teixeira de Aguiar Peres, Renata Mendonça Araújo, Cynthia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, Vânia Sousa Andrade","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag206","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Dermatophytes are a closely related group of fungi affecting ˜25% of the global population. These pathogens are becoming increasingly resistant to antifungal agents, leading to recalcitrant infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new compounds with antifungal potential, particularly among those derived from plant sources. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal and antibiofilm activity of Lippia grata essential oil (LgEO) against eight dermatophyte clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>LgEO was extracted, and chemically characterized by GC-MS. Antifungal activity was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), while antibiofilm activity was assessed using crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LgEO yield was 2.45%, while four major phytoconstituents were identified: carvacrol (46.56%), thymol (16.35%), p-cymene (13.52%), and γ-terpinene (7.75%). MIC values ranged from 48.82 to 390.62 µg ml-1, and MFC values ranged from 48.82 to 781.25 µg ml-1, demonstrating a fungicidal effect. All isolates were strong biofilm producers, and the percentage of biofilm inhibition by LgEO ranged from 17.30% to 89.52%. Microscopic analysis revealed morphological alterations in conidia, hyphae, and the exopolysaccharide matrix, including cell disruption, during biofilm formation and in preformed biofilms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, LgEO demonstrated strong antifungal and antibiofilm activities, supporting further studies aimed at developing antiseptic products and topical antifungal drugs for the treatment of dermatophytoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Copper-responsive lcc3 gene confers laccase (LCC3) hyperproduction and oxidative stress resistance in the ligninolytic fungus Dichomitus squalens.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"137 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of representative skin-resident microorganisms to cosmetic preservatives and in vitro assessment of consumer-relevant toxicity.","authors":"Bruno V F Riccio, Ludmilla Tonani, Maria Angélica D S C Chellegatti, Maria Valdeline S Teixeira, Karina D C Pereira, Niege A J C Furtado, Marcia R V Z Kress, Lorena R Gaspar","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag195","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of established and emerging cosmetic preservatives against selected skin-resident microorganisms and to assess their irritation and phototoxicity potential using in vitro methods.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Methylparaben, propylparaben, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin (EHG), and selected commercial preservative blends were tested against two bacterial species, Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and two fungal species, Malassezia furfur and Candida parapsilosis. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal or fungicidal concentrations were determined. Irritation potential was assessed using the Short Time Exposure assay (STE; OECD TG 491) and the Hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM), while phototoxicity was evaluated using the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake assay (3T3-NRU; OECD TG 432). EHG showed the broadest antimicrobial activity, including against C. acnes, but also exhibited moderate potential for irritation, possibly owing to its surfactant properties. Phenoxyethanol was highly active against fungi and exerted a bacteriostatic effect on S. epidermidis. Parabens displayed selective antifungal activity but no antibacterial activity at the concentrations tested. All preservatives were classified as non-phototoxic, and no IC50 was reached in 3T3 cells under the tested conditions (concentrations ≤ 100 μg/mL).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most preservatives showed relatively favorable profiles against the selected skin-resident microorganisms, although species-specific antimicrobial activity and irritation potential were observed. Early comparative screening may support the selection of effective preservatives with lower biological aggressiveness before evaluation in finished formulations, challenge testing, and clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-resolved assessment of archaeal diversity in full-scale anaerobic digesters reveals variability in mcrA primer coverage.","authors":"Cecilia Callejas, Patricia Bovio-Winkler, Claudia Etchebehere","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag212","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Methanogenic archaea are key players in anaerobic digestion, driving methane production in biogas reactors. This study aimed to assess the diversity of methanogenic archaea in full-scale anaerobic digesters using genome-resolved metagenomics and to systematically evaluate the taxonomic coverage of commonly used mcrA-targeted qPCR primer sets against this genomic framework.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Methanogenic diversity was assessed using 113 dereplicated archaeal metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from 109 full-scale anaerobic digesters treating diverse substrates. Genome-resolved analyses revealed a diverse archaeal community spanning multiple phyla, dominated by Halobacteriota and Methanobacteriota, with additional representatives from Methanobacteriota_B, Thermoplasmatota, and Thermoproteota. The presence of the mcrA gene was identified in a subset 55 MAGs, which were subsequently used as the genomic framework to evaluate six commonly used mcrA qPCR primer sets in silico. This subset clustered into nine phylogenetic groups and formed the basis for the primer coverage analysis. The evaluation revealed marked differences in taxonomic coverage among primer sets. Most primers preferentially detected Methanobacteriales and Methanosarcinales, while underrepresenting or excluding other methanogenic lineages, including H₂-dependent methylotrophic Methanomassiliicoccaceae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Commonly used mcrA primer sets differ substantially in their ability to capture methanogenic diversity, with some showing broad representation of reactor-associated methanogens and others exhibiting strong lineage-specific biases. Genome-resolved metagenomics provides an effective framework for benchmarking primer performance and supports the selection and improvement of molecular tools for more accurate monitoring of anaerobic digestion systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the bacterial hypothesis of sudden infant death syndrome and sudden unexplained death in childhood: evidence that prone sleeping position elevates bacterial titres in the anterior nares.","authors":"Melanie L Andrew, Lindi Masson, Demelza J Ireland, Matthew S Payne","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag203","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and sudden unexplained death in childhood are associated with prone positioning, yet the biological mechanism remains unclear. We assessed whether prone position increased bacterial titres in the anterior nares and whether this effect is amplified in the presence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This prospective cross-over study required adults, as substitutes for infants, to self-collect nasal swabs at two time points, when experiencing an URTI and when healthy. Swab eluates were cultured aerobically and anaerobically on blood agar for total bacterial counts. DNA and RNA were extracted for detection of respiratory viruses. A multivariate analysis accounted for gender, position sequence, breathing mechanism, and smoking. The study consisted of 100 adult (>18 years) participants. The final cohort consisted of the 28 participants who contracted an URTI during the study; of these, 5 did not provide asymptomatic samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When asymptomatic, prone positioning resulted in increased bacterial titres relative to supine under anaerobic (P = 0.0101) and aerobic (P = 0.0101) culture conditions. When participants were symptomatic, this effect tended to be exacerbated with significantly higher titres observed in the prone position under anaerobic (P = 0.0001) and aerobic (P = 0.0003) conditions. The relationships between position and bacterial titres remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a significant association between prone positioning and increased bacterial titres in the anterior nares, particularly in the presence of a suspected viral illness. These data strengthen the results of previous studies and provide further support for the bacterial hypothesis of SIDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRa05, Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08, and Lactobacillus crispatus LCr86 on hormone metabolism, body composition, and emotional regulation in overweight women: a randomized, double - blind, placebo - controlled trial.","authors":"Lingxin Yin, Shanni Wang, Yinhua Liu, Chengsheng Zhu, Zhiying Wang, Sijia Wang, Yihui Cai, Fei Xu, Qiaofen Cheng","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag230","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Female obesity is linked to dysfunction of the endocrine-metabolic-gut-brain axis. Probiotics may offer therapeutic benefits, but robust evidence is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects of a 12-week multi-strain probiotic intervention on endocrine, metabolic, psychological parameters, and gut microbiota in obese women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 102 obese women received daily probiotics (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRa05, Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08, and Lactobacillus crispatus LCr86) or placebo for 12 weeks. Hormones, anthropometric measures, psychological scores, and gut microbiota were assessed at baseline and endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Probiotics selectively modulated the endocrine-metabolic axis. Compared to placebo, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and leptin decreased, while glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY increased (P < 0.05). With the probiotics group, body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and body fat percentage declined significantly from baseline (P < 0.05). Anxiety and depression scores improved markedly (P < 0.001). Gut microbiota showed increased Faecalibacterium and decreased Collinsella abundance (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 12-week multi-strain probiotic intervention was associated with improvements in body composition and emotional status, as well as favorable changes in appetite- and stress-related hormonal profiles and gut microbial composition in women with obesity. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT07013409 (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}