Journal of Advanced Research最新文献

{"title":"Cross-regulatory mechanisms linking ferroptosis, epigenetics, and circadian rhythm to mitochondrial quality control in diabetic cardiomyopathy","authors":"Xinxin Liu, Yingqi Ma, Xuefeng Wang, Xiaowen Zhang, Chen Shen, Youzhu Su, Xing Chang, Hao Zhou, Jian-Ping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.046","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a distinct cardiac disorder that develops independently of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely recognized as a hallmark pathological feature of DCM. Effective mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is critical for preserving cardiomyocyte metabolism and contractile performance, and its disruption substantially contributes to both disease initiation and progression. We synthesize current evidence on disruptions of MQC in diabetic cardiomyopathy. The spectrum covers imbalanced fission–fusion dynamics, attenuated mitochondrial biogenesis, compromised mitophagy, disturbed Ca²⁺ homeostasis, heightened ferroptotic vulnerability, loss of proteostasis, and epigenetic dysregulation. We emphasize the intricate cross-talk among these processes, which collectively exacerbate mitochondrial deterioration and myocardial injury. Building on these mechanistic insights, we also summarize recent therapeutic advances targeting MQC, such as natural compounds, antidiabetic agents, and non-pharmacological approaches. These interventions show promise in modulating mitochondrial signaling and restoring homeostasis. Nevertheless, substantial barriers remain for clinical translation, including the limitations of existing experimental models, the low quality of supporting evidence, and pronounced inter-individual variability. Future research should focus on developing integrated, multi-target therapeutic strategies, particularly those addressing the regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs, epigenetic modifications, and post-translational protein regulation. Advancing these areas will be essential for establishing precise and effective MQC-targeted therapies in both preclinical and clinical contexts.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori-derived outer membrane vesicles: Pathogenic roles, microbiota interactions, and biomedical applications","authors":"Xi Chen, Zibo Lin, Nanxi Wang, Yujie Zhou, Lei Cheng, Biao Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.055","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>Hp</em>) is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that infects approximate 45% of the global population. It is a key contributor to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Among its secreted products, <em>Hp</em>-derived outer membrane vesicles (<em>Hp</em>-OMVs) are nanoscale proteoliposomal structures that play crucial roles in host-pathogen interactions.<h3>Aim of Review</h3>This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the formation, composition, and biological functions of <em>Hp</em>-OMVs, with a particular focus on their systemic effects and potential biomedical applications.<h3>Key Scientific Concepts of Review</h3><em>Hp</em>-OMVs are enriched with virulence-associated proteins and lipids, acting as multifunctional vehicles that facilitate the delivery of toxins, modulation of host immunity, and reshaping of gastrointestinal and oral microbial communities<em>.</em>Emerging preclinical studies suggest that <em>Hp</em>-OMVs may translocate across epithelial barriers and reach distant organs, including the brain, where they have been shown to exacerbate neuroinflammatory responses in murine models of Alzheimer’s disease. However, no causal relationship has been demonstrated in humans. More research is urgently needed to confirm such extragastrointestinal connections.In parallel, <em>Hp</em>-OMVs are being explored as versatile platforms for vaccine development, mucosal adjuvants, anti-adhesion therapies, and targeted drug delivery systems, owing to their intrinsic immunogenicity and tissue tropism.<h3>Conclusion</h3><em>Hp</em>-OMVs represent a unique vesicular modality in <em>Hp</em> pathogenesis with broad biomedical potential. Future research employing multi-omics, single-vesicle analytics, and clinical validation is needed to define their mechanistic roles and translational value.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Honey bee nutritranscriptomics reveals key insights towards precision nutrition","authors":"Alexander McMenamin, Vincent Ricigliano","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.050","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Honey bees are essential managed pollinators faced by nutritional deficiencies which contributes to worldwide colony losses. The integration of nutrition science with genomics offers a powerful approach to optimize honey bee health by augmenting immune function and resilience to stressors through precision diet interventions.<h3>Objectives</h3>To uncover the impact of honey bee genetics on core physiological responses to natural and artificial diets.<h3>Methods</h3>Two honey bee genetic backgrounds (Russian and Pol-line) were fed diets consisting of sugar, pollen, and microalgae biomass from either <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> or spirulina. Nutrigenetic variation was assessed by body weight measurements followed by transcriptome sequencing. Standard differential gene expression analysis and supervised machine learning algorithms were used to measure genotype-specific transcriptional responses to the diets.<h3>Results</h3>Known (i.e., <em>vitellogenin</em> and <em>Jhe, hex70a</em>) and novel (i.e., <em>Glob1, slif</em> and <em>sad</em>) biomarkers of nutritional health exhibited a significant genetics-by-diet interaction. Furthermore, Russian bees featured a contracted transcriptional response, and a transcriptomic signature of delayed behavioral maturation as compared to Pol-line bees, suggesting alternative nutrient assimilation strategies between the two genetic backgrounds. Regardless of diet, Russian bees had significantly lower abundance of a major viral pathogen (DWV). Lastly, higher expression of humoral and cellular immune genes was detected in microalgae-fed bees, though spirulina was significantly more immunogenic than <em>Chlorella</em>.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Genetic background plays a key role in shaping honey bee responses to nutrition. By identifying novel biomarkers of nutritional status, our results support the unique benefits of two microalgae species as functional feed additives. Furthermore, these results reveal the importance of genetics as a consideration when optimizing supplemental feed for an agricultural pollinator. These findings contribute towards the development of tailored nutrition strategies and artificial diets to improve honey bee health.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating intensive blood pressure control versus usual care on cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes using win statistics: a subgroup analysis of a cluster randomized trial","authors":"Guozhe Sun, Ning Ye, Chang Wang, Songyue Liu, Wei Miao, Lixia Qiao, Nanxiang Ouyang, Danxi Geng, Chuning Shi, Linlin Zhang, Pengyu Zhang, Yangzhi Yin, Ziyi Xie, Yao Yu, Yingxian Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.054","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Elevated arterial pressure constitutes a significant controllable risk element associated with detrimental outcomes in cardiovascular health. In comparison to standard blood pressure (BP) control (target level: &lt;140/90 mmHg), intensive blood pressure management aimed at achieving lower target values has demonstrated superior efficacy in diminishing the incidence of negative cardiovascular occurrences. However, there is still controversy over intensifying blood pressure control in diabetic individuals.<h3>Objectives</h3>Assessing the viability and efficacy of stringent blood pressure regulation in diabetic patients with hypertension.<h3>Methods</h3>A post hoc analysis of disaggregated data from 33,995 hypertensive patients enrolled in the China Rural Hypertension Control Project (CRHCP) trial was performed. Outcomes were evaluated using the unmatched win ratio (win ratio &gt;1.00 indicating better outcomes) and compared with the Cox model. The principal endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization due to heart failure, or cardiovascular mortality, over a three-year follow-up period.<h3>Results</h3>The analysis included 6303 adults with hypertension and diabetes (mean age 63.2 years; 2172 men). At the three-year mark, the average systolic/diastolic blood pressure measured 126.7/72.5 mmHg in the intensive blood pressure control cohort, in contrast to 147.7/80.6 mmHg in the standard care group. Intensive blood pressure management lowered the yearly incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, 2.28 % compared to 3.28 %; HR: 1.45; 95 % CI: 1.20–1.72; P &lt; 0.001), strokes (HR: 1.47; 95 % CI: 1.20–1.82; P = 0.015), and deaths from cardiovascular causes (HR: 1.49; 95 % CI: 1.04–2.13; P = 0.029). Symptomatic hypotension rates were similar (0.77 % vs. 0.52 %; P = 0.231). Hierarchical analysis showed more wins (31021 [8.62 %]) than losses (23985 [5.84 %]), with a win ratio of 1.46 (95 % CI: 1.22–1.76; P &lt; 0.001). After 36 months, the mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) in the group with intensified blood pressure control was modestly elevated (9.09 mmol/L compared to 8.51 mmol/L; difference: 0.58 mmol/L; 95 % CI: 0.34–0.81; P &lt; 0.001).<h3>Conclusion</h3>Intensive BP controlled by non-physician community healthcare providers reduced incident cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive patients with comorbid diabetes but was associated with an elevation of FBG.Registration: The trial is listed on <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span> under the identifier NCT03527719.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise of dehydrated ginsenosides: phytochemistry and pharmacology","authors":"Kang-Hui Wang, Jia-Yue Liu, Li-Juan Ma, Feng-Xiang Zhang, Jian-Bo Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.051","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Plants of the <em>Panax</em> genus, such as <em>P. ginseng</em>, <em>P. notoginseng</em>, and <em>P. quinquefolius</em>, have been utilized for culinary and medicinal purposes for millennia. Their pharmacological effects are largely attributed to ginsenosides—unique compounds derived from the glycosylation of dammaranediol and dammaranetriol. Rare ginsenosides are dammarane-type triterpenoids that occur naturally at low abundance (typically &lt; 0.1 %) and often exhibit stronger bioactivity than macro ginsenosides. Dehydrated ginsenosides (DHGs, e.g., Rk1, Rg5, Rk2), characterized by a C‑20/21 or C‑20/22 double bond on the dammarane side chain, constitute a subgroup of rare ginsenosides that are scarce or absent in native <em>Panax</em> species but enriched in processed products. Structure–activity relationship studies indicate that replacing the C‑20 hydroxyl with a double bond enhances bioactive properties relative to precursor ginsenosides. Despite this promise, an integrative and comprehensive review of DHGs has been lacking.<h3>Aim of review</h3>This review systematically summarizes the current knowledge on DHGs, covering their chemical structure characteristics, preparation strategies, pharmacological activities with underlying mechanisms, and structure–activity relationships, providing new insights into their therapeutic potential and future applications.<h3>Key scientific concepts of review</h3>To date, a total of 92 DHGs with diverse skeletons have been identified, including Δ20-PPD type DHGs (e.g., ginsenosides Rk1, Rg5, Rk2, and Rh3), Δ20-PPT type DHGs (e.g., ginsenosides Rk3, Rh4, Rg6, and F4) and their side chain derivatives. Current preparation methods for DHGs encompass physical, chemical, and biological transformations, chemical synthesis, and batch-processing techniques. DHGs demonstrate a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities—such as anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, and antimicrobial effects—often surpassing their precursor ginsenosides. This review also explores the structure–activity relationships of DHGs to guide the development of more effective derivatives.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic interactions drive microbial community succession and functional expression of Nongxiangxing (Strong-flavor) daqu","authors":"Shiyuan Ma, Yong Li, Cong Chen, Yi Dong, Ping Huang, Rongkun Tu, Xiaogang Liu, Rongqing Zhou, Chongde Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.052","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3><em>Nongxiangxing daqu</em> is a wheat-based fermentation starter used in the production of <em>Baijiu</em> (a traditional Chinese distilled spirit), whose fermentation process during storage directly affects its quality. However, the dynamics of microbial succession and metabolism during <em>daqu</em> storage, particularly the functional contributions of specific microorganisms to enzyme formation and their metabolic interactions, remain unclear.<h3>Objectives</h3>This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of microbial community structure, function, and enzymatic activity in <em>daqu</em> during storage, with a focus on metabolic interactions such as cross-feeding and metabolic division of labor (MDOL).<h3>Methods</h3>Metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses were integrated to profile microbial taxa, functional genes, and protein expression across storage time points. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) linked gene modules to storage time. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) were constructed to infer metabolic interaction networks among microbes.<h3>Results</h3><em>Paecilomyces variotii</em>, <em>Rasamsonia emersonii</em>, <em>Rhizopus microsporus</em>, <em>Rhizopus delemar</em>, <em>Kroppenstedtia eburnea</em>, and <em>Weissella confusa</em> were dominant species. In total, 14,588 protein groups were identified, including 6,801 enzymes enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. Glucosidase activity was primarily attributed to <em>Rasamsonia</em>, <em>Thermoascus</em>, <em>Aspergillu</em>s, <em>Thermomyces</em>, and <em>Paecilomyces</em>. Functional genes and enzymes declined sharply after month 1, reached a nadir at month 3, and partially rebounded by month 4. WGCNA identified 16 gene modules associated with storage (maximum <em>r</em> = 0.97, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Cross-feeding patterns were identified among <em>Weissella confusa</em>, <em>Kroppenstedtia eburnea</em>, <em>Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula</em>, and <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>. The MDOL model revealed cooperative metabolic roles among <em>Actinomycetota</em>, <em>Bacillota</em>, <em>Ascomycota</em>, and <em>Mucoromycota</em> in converting raw materials into flavor compounds.<h3>Conclusion</h3>These findings improve the understanding of microecological dynamics during <em>daqu</em> storage and provide a theoretical basis for regulating and optimizing the fermentation process during the storage period.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CircCDYL promotes glycolysis to drive the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma","authors":"Yujie Yang, Yian Wang, Hongke Qu, Dan Wang, Junshang Ge, Pan Wu, Qijia Yan, Pan Chen, Bo Xiang, Ming Zhou, Can Guo, Wei Xiong, Lei Shi, Zhaoyang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.053","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>CircRNAs play critical roles in the onset and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), although their underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.<h3>Objectives</h3>In this study, we investigated the mechanism of <em>circCDYL</em> in promoting the proliferation, invasion and migration of NPC <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.<h3>Methods</h3>We reanalyzed RNA sequencing data (GSE137543, PRJNA391554) and validated findings with RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization experiments. Functional assays were subsequently performed both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.<h3>Results</h3>We identified <em>circCDYL</em> as being highly expressed in NPC, with its expression levels positively correlated with clinical tumor staging. Functionally, <em>circCDYL</em> promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Mechanistically, <em>circCDYL</em> binds to the 3′-UTR of LDHA mRNA, stabilizing it and upregulating LDHA protein expression, thereby enhancing cellular glycolysis and increasing lactate production and accumulation. The elevated lactate, in turn, promotes lactylation of the actin-binding protein CFL1 at lysine 22. This modification reduces cell adhesion and stiffness, ultimately facilitating tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.<h3>Conclusion</h3>These findings indicate that <em>circCDYL</em> and its downstream pathways may serve as potential diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for NPC.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic strategy for exosome-based bone regeneration to osteoporosis: Challenges and potential solutions","authors":"Anoop Puthiyoth Dayanandan, Alvin Bacero Bello, Yoshie Arai, Sang Jin Lee, Soo-Hong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.042","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive bone disease marked by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, thereby increasing fracture risk. Current therapies only partly restore bone quality and often cause side effects with long-term use. Recent studies highlight exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vesicles, as key regulators of bone remodeling with promising regenerative potential. However, their role in osteoporosis remains underexplored.<h3>Aim of review</h3>This review aims to investigate how the established role of exosomes in bone regeneration may inform novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. By linking general bone repair mechanisms with osteoporotic pathology, it evaluates the translational potential and limitations of exosome-based interventions.<h3>Key scientific concepts of review</h3>Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and macrophages regulate bone homeostasis by modulating osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and immune responses. Their regenerative effects in non-osteoporotic settings are well documented. However, challenges such as exosome heterogeneity, rapid clearance, and poor targeting efficiency impede their direct application in osteoporosis. Recent bioengineering approaches, including osteogenic RNA or protein loading and surface modifications for bone targeting, show promise. Moreover, combining exosomes with immunomodulatory or synergistic therapies may further enhance their efficacy. Despite these advances, gaps persist in standardizing isolation techniques, ensuring batch consistency, and scaling up production for clinical use. This review consolidates current knowledge and outlines directions for adapting exosome-based bone regenerative strategies to osteoporosis treatment.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplexed, rapid phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing based on angle-resolved light scattering imaging of microfluidic droplets","authors":"Martina Graf, Arjun Sarkar, Carl-Magnus Svensson, Anne-Sophie Munser, Sven Schröder, Elke Mülle, Sundar Hengoju, Marc Thilo Figge, Miriam A. Rosenbaum","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.047","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>There is an urgent need for rapid, high-throughput phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) capable of assessing a microbial sample’s susceptibility to multiple antibiotics.<h3>Objectives</h3>In this study, we have established a multiplexed rapid AST platform that employs droplet microfluidics for high-throughput single-cell based analysis, 2D angle-resolved light scattering for growth detection, and fluorescence detection via optical fibers to identify the antibiotic condition within each droplet.<h3>Methods</h3>For this, multiple antibiotic conditions are coded with fluorescence dyes and encapsulated with single cells to enable the testing of multiple antibiotics in a single experiment. We utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and statistical models to assess the growth of various <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> strains and determine the probability of susceptibility to different antibiotics.<h3>Results</h3>Our platform achieved a 95<!-- --> <!-- -->% categorical agreement with the disc diffusion reference method after just three hours of incubation, demonstrating the same level of accuracy as the established VITEK 2 system for the tested strains and antibiotics. Notably, our platform reduced the incubation time by 5–11 h compared to VITEK 2 and by 13–17 h compared to the gold standard disc diffusion method.<h3>Conclusions</h3>With the presented innovations, our technology takes a big step towards realizing true phenotypic determination of antibiotic resistance profiles for timely antimicrobial treatment decisions.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing and forecasting global cervical cancer burden based on WHO’s elimination strategy: insights and projections from a 1990–2021 global burden of disease (GBD) study covering 204 countries and territories","authors":"Yedong Huang, Wenyu Lin, Xiaoyun Chen, Xiangqin Zheng, Huan Yi, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.038","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Cervical cancer remains a major global public health challenge. In 2018, the WHO launched a strategy to eliminate cervical cancer, emphasizing the need for precise epidemiological assessments.<h3>Objectives</h3>This study utilized Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data to analyze the epidemiological indicators, geographical patterns, and temporal trends of cervical cancer, evaluating the global impact of the WHO’s strategy.<h3>Methods</h3>Data on cervical cancer from 204 countries and territories (from 1990 to 2021) were retrieved from the GBD database. The year 2018, marking the WHO’s global call for elimination, was used to divide data into two periods: 1990 to 2018 and 2019 to 2021. Trends in age-standardized incidence rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and joinpoint regression. The socio-demographic index (SDI) was regressed against epidemiological indicators to explore disparities. Health inequality analyses recommended by the WHO were conducted, and an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to predict future trends.<h3>Results</h3>From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized incidence rates and DALYs declined. During 1990 to 2018, the highest EAPC values were observed in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa (2·18), East Asia (0·69), and Eastern Europe (0·31). After 2019, a more significant improvement was noted globally. Regression analyses revealed an SDI-related gradient, with low-SDI countries lagging. Health inequality analyses showed widening disparities. ARIMA projections indicated stable incidence rates in most regions but a continued decline in DALYs.<h3>Conclusion</h3>The WHO’s strategy has contributed to a notable decline in cervical cancer burden, yet challenges persist in low-SDI regions. Strengthening global cooperation and resource allocation is essential for achieving elimination goals.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}