Journal of Advanced Research最新文献

{"title":"Panaxatriol exerts anti-senescence effects and alleviates osteoarthritis and cartilage repair fibrosis by targeting UFL1","authors":"Biao Kuang, Nana Geng, Miao Yi, Qiqi Zeng, Mengtian Fan, Menglin Xian, Lin Deng, Cheng Chen, Yiming Pan, Liang Kuang, Fengtao Luo, Yangli Xie, Chao Liu, Zhongliang Deng, Mao Nie, Yu Du, Fengjin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common degenerative joint disease, can eventually lead to disability. However, no safe or effective intervention is currently available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective drugs that reduce cartilage damage and treat OA.<h3>Objectives</h3>This study aimed to ascertain the potential of panaxatriol, a natural small molecule, as a therapeutic drug for alleviating the progression of OA.<h3>Methods</h3>An in vitro culture of human cartilage explants and C28/I2 human chondrocytes and an in vivo surgically induced OA mouse model were used to evaluate the chondroprotective effect of panaxatriol. The Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability assay, CRISPR-Cas9 assay, Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis and agonist or antagonist assays were used to identify the target and potential signaling pathways of panaxatriol. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) was used to construct the sustained-release system of panaxatriol.<h3>Results</h3>Panaxatriol protected against OA by regulating chondrocyte metabolism. Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1-specific E3 ligase 1 (UFL1) was identified as a novel target of panaxatriol. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing showed that UFL1 was closely related to cell senescence. Panaxatriol inhibited chondrocyte senescence through UFL1/forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)/P21 and UFL1/NF-κB/SASPs signaling pathways. It also could inhibit fibrocartilage formation during cartilage repair via the UFL1/FOXO1/Collagen 1 signaling pathway. Finally, we constructed a sustained-release system for panaxatriol based on PLGA-PEG, which reduced the number of intra-articular injections, thereby alleviating joint swelling and injury.<h3>Conclusions</h3>Panaxatriol exerts anti-senescence effects and has the potential to delay OA progression and reduce cartilage repair fibrosis by targeting UFL1.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the enteric methane production based on the archaeal genome map of ruminant gastrointestinal tract","authors":"Yifan Tang, Xiaohan Liu, Senlin Zhu, Minghui Jia, Jian-Xin Liu, Hui-Zeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>As one of the important components of ruminant gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome, archaea are involved in many biological processes, especially methanogenesis. However, the diversity and individual metabolic characteristics of archaea in this habitat remain largely understudied, partly due to the lack of a unified reference genome catalog.<h3>Objectives</h3>This study aimed to construct a unified genome map for taxonomic and functional exploration of ruminant GIT archaea in the future.<h3>Methods</h3>We collected archaeal genomes from public sources and new data of this study. We performed phylogenetic analysis, functional genomics analyses, prophages identification based on the genomes. Using collected genomes as a reference, we conducted metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses on rumen fluid samples from 18 dairy cows with different methane (CH₄) production.<h3>Results</h3>We constructed the ruminant GIT archaeal genomes (RGAG) by compiling 405 strain-level (160 species) non-redundant archaeal genomes from more than 10 ruminant species. The functional heterogeneity and methanogenic structure within RGAG was investigated. RGAG possessed 1,124 (99.5 %) unknown microbial biosynthetic gene clusters. A survey of RGAG-borne prophages identified 63 prophages with 122 host-beneficial genes and 18 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). The pipeline for both metagenomics and metatranscriptomics generated in the study revealed the roles of archaeal genomes under-assessed in general analyses of muti-omics. The highly expressed genus <em>Methanosphaera</em> was negatively correlated with CH₄ production.<h3>Conclusion</h3>A unified genome map of ruminant GIT archaea is constructed in the study. Functional genomics indicates that the multifaceted functions of RGAG remains undiscovered. Multi-omics analyses reveals the advantages of metatranscriptomics over metagenomics in studying rumen archaeal communities. Differences in rumen archaeal community structure among cattle with different CH₄ production may reflect the balance between rumen hydrogen production and methanogenesis. Our work provides new understanding of archaeal functions in the ruminant GIT and potential targets for future CH₄ reduction.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142449988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fatty acid receptor CD36 promotes macrophage infiltration via p110γ signaling to stimulate metastasis","authors":"Hong Qin, Anhua Xiao, Qiannan Lu, Yiyu Li, Xiaoqing Luo, Enze Zheng, Chuan Tian, Huan Liu, Xiaoya Zheng Resource, Li Wei, Xiong Z Ruan, Ping Yang, Yaxi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Metabolic regulators are key in controlling immune cell fate in the tumor microenvironment. The accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer greatly contributes to metastasis and poor outcome. However, the metabolic pathways responsible for TAM accumulation are largely unknown.<h3>Objective</h3>This study aims to elucidate the role of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in the regulation of TAM accumulation.<h3>Methods</h3>The immune profile was analyzed in patients with liver metastasis by CIBERSORT. Immunohistostaining of CD68 and CD36 was conducted in clinical specimens from patients with liver metastasis. Myeloid-specific CD36 knockout mice and their littermates were used to establish preclinical liver metastasis models. Subsequently, a series of experiments were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of how CD36 regulates TAM population.<h3>Results</h3>We found that massive TAM accumulation in patients with liver metastasis is associated with an upregulation of CD36 on TAMs. Liver metastasis is abundantly infiltrated by TAMs that are derived from circulating monocytes, but not tissue-resident macrophages. Myeloid-specific CD36 knockout specifically reduced and inactivated monocyte-differentiated macrophages, resulting in diminished immune suppression and attenuated liver metastasis. The protect effects of CD36 knockout can be abrogated by blockade of macrophage recruitment through CCR2 or the p110γ isoform of PI3K downstream of it. Mechanically, CD36 reprogrammed the lipid metabolism of macrophages, in which sphingolipids were significantly downregulated, that contributed to weakened lipid raft-dependent activation of p110γ.<h3>Conclusion</h3>CD36 expands TAM population by promoting the recruitment of circulating monocytes through CCL2/CCR2/p110γ signaling. Our findings provide evidence for targeting CD36 as a therapeutic strategy against liver metastasis.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological consequences of antimicrobial residues and bioactive chemicals on antimicrobial resistance in agroecosystems","authors":"Muhammad Shafiq, Charles Obinwanne Okoye, Mudasir Nazar, Wajid Ali Khattak, Abdelazeem M. Algammal","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>The widespread use of antimicrobials in agriculture, coupled with bioactive chemicals like pesticides and growth promoting agents, has accelerated the global crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Agroecosystems provides a platform in the evolution and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which pose significant threats to both environmental and public health.<h3>Aim of review</h3>This review explores the explores the ecological consequences of antimicrobial residues and bioactive chemicals in agroecosystems, focusing on their role in shaping AMR. It delves into the mechanisms by which these substances enter agricultural environments, their interaction with soil microbiomes, and the subsequent impact on microbial community structure.<h3>Key scientific concepts of review</h3>Evidence suggests that the accumulation of antimicrobials promotes resistance gene transfer among microorganisms, potentially compromising ecosystem health and agricultural productivity. By synthesizing current research, we identify critical gaps in knowledge and propose strategies for mitigating the ecological risks associated with antimicrobial residues. Moreover, this study underscores the need for integrated management approaches to preserve ecosystem health and combat the spread of AMR in agricultural settings.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass spectrometry unveils heat-induced changes in yolk oxylipins and key lipid molecules during home cooking","authors":"Wenting Li, Nian Wang, Xin Lv, Dan Wang, Hong Chen, Fang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Oxylipins, as a widespread class of metabolic markers following oxidative stress, and several studies have reported dietary regulation of lipid metabolism. However, there is a lack of investigation of dietary oxylipins, especially cooking-induced changes in food lipid oxidation.<h3>Objectives</h3>Investigated the effects of cooking methods and lipid profiles on polyunsaturated fatty acids derived oxylipins generation within egg yolks.<h3>Methods</h3>The lipid profile of egg yolk was determined by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, oxylipins were detected by HPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS, while the total fatty acid content was quantified by GC-FID. Random Forest (RF) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression models were employed to explore the association between oxidized lipids and key lipid species.<h3>Results</h3>Heating reduced egg yolk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content, and no consistent trends for arachidonic acid (AA), linoleic acid (LA), and linolenic acid (ALA). Yolk lipid composition affected triacylglycerol (TG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and LA-monoepoxide contents after cooking. 9- and 13-HODE (hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid), 9,10,13-TriHOME (trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid), 9,10- and 12,13-EpOME (epoxyoctadecenoic acid), 9,10- and 12,13-DiHOME (dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid), 5-HETE (hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid), and 4-HDHA (hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid) were the prevalent oxylipins with high concentrations, accounting for 1.08 %–29.58 % of the total content of 29 oxylipins. Steaming resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in oxylipin concentrations in yolks compared to raw yolks, and boiling with or without shells (poaching) resulted in a 1.30- to 1.76-fold increase in oxylipin concentrations. In contrast, pan-fried yolks exhibited the lowest and least variable levels of total oxylipins, while still retaining some epoxides, including epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) and EpOME. Utilizing big data analysis, we mapped the oxylipin network in both ordinary and DHA-enriched egg yolks, revealing a strong correlation between cooking-induced oxylipin production and variations in 24 lipid species.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Revealed the potential mechanisms and key lipid molecules for heating-induced oxylipin production of yolk through lipidomics and big data analysis.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphdiyne as an emerging sensor platform: Principles, synthesis and application","authors":"Wei Zhang, Jing Xu, Tian Wang, Xi Lin, Fu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Graphdiyne (GDY) is a kind of carbon material, which has highly delocalized π-conjugated system and feasible green synthesis. Nowadays, the use of GDY substrate as a sensing platform has become a new research hotspot and is rapidly developing. However, its application as a sensor is still relatively overlook compared to other fields.<h3>Aim of review</h3>This study is for the purpose of making researchers have a complete comprehensive understanding of GDY and its associated sensing platforms.<h3>Key scientific concepts of review</h3>This study introduces the structure, unique characteristics, and synthesis progress of GDY material. Moreover, the article systematically summarizes the improvement of GDY-based sensors in life, health and environmental detection. It also discusses the opportunities and challenges of designing high-performance GDY-based sensing platforms with the assistance of machine learning and theoretical calculate. It has essential scientific and practical meaning for accelerating the development of sensing platforms which base on GDY, triggering unknown phenomena and knowledge of material research, and initiating unlimited space for scientific innovation.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic responses of sea anemone and jellyfish to temperature and UV bleaching: Insights into stress adaptation using LCMS-based metabolomics, molecular networking and chemometrics","authors":"Mohamed A. Farag, Doaa B. Saied, Sherif M. Afifi, Andreas Kunzmann, Ludger A. Wessjohann, Hildegard Westphal, Holger Kühnhold, Marleen Stuhr","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Climate change poses various threats to marine life, particularly in shallow tropical waters. Objective: The impact of increased temperature and ultraviolet (UV) exposure on two photosymbiotic Cnidarians, a common bubble-tip anemone and an upside-down jellyfish, was investigated.<h3>Methods</h3>To illustrate the response of aquatic organisms, the metabolomes of unstressed <em>Entacmaea quadricolor</em> and <em>Cassiopea andromeda</em> were compared for detailed metabolite profiling. UHPLC-MS coupled with chemometrics and GNPS molecular networking was employed for sample classification and identification of markers unique to stress responses in each organism.<h3>Results</h3>Several compounds with bioactive functions, including peptides and terpenoids, were reported for the first time in both organisms, viz. cyclic tetraglutamate, campestriene, and ceramide aminoethyl phosphonate (CEAP d18:2/16:0). Both anemone and jellyfish were subjected to either elevated UV-B light intensity up to 6.6 KJ m⁻² or increased temperatures (28 °C, 30 °C, 32 °C, and 34 °C) over 4 days. Phospholipids, steroids, and ceramides emerged as chief markers of both types of stress, as revealed by the multivariate data analysis. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC 16:0), LPC (18:0/0:0), and echinoclasterol sulfate appeared as markers in both UV and thermal stress models of the anemone, whereas methyl/propyl cholestane-<em>hexa</em>-ol were discriminatory in the UV stress model only. In the case of jellyfish, nonpolar glycosyl ceramide GlcCer (d14:1/28:6) served as a marker for UV stress, whereas polar peptides were elevated in the thermal stress model. Interestingly, both models of jellyfish share a phospholipid, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE 20:4), as a distinctive marker for stress, reported to be associated indirectly with the activity of innate immune response within other photosymbiotic Cnidaria such as corals and appears to be a fundamental stress response in marine organisms.<h3>Conclusion</h3>This study presents several bioinformatic tools for the first time in two cnidarian organisms to provide not only a broader coverage of their metabolome but also broader insights into cnidarian bleaching in response to different stressors, i.e., heat and UV light, by comparing their effects in anemone versus jellyfish.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell transcriptomic profiling uncovers cellular complexity and microenvironment in gastric tumorigenesis associated with Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Nianshuang Li, Sihai Chen, Xinbo Xu, Huan Wang, Pan Zheng, Xiao Fei, Huajing Ke, Yuting Lei, Yanan Zhou, Xiaoyu Yang, Yaobin Ouyang, Chuan Xie, Cong He, Yi Hu, Yi Cao, Zhengrong Li, Yong Xie, Zhongming Ge, Xu Shu, Nonghua Lu, Yin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection is the main risk for gastric cancer (GC). However, the cellular heterogeneity and underlying molecular mechanisms in <em>H. pylori</em>-driven gastric tumorigenesis are poorly understood.<h3>Objective</h3>Here, we generated a single-cell atlas of gastric tumorigenesis comprising 18 specimens of gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) and GC with or without <em>H. pylori</em> infection.<h3>Methods</h3>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR analysis were applied in a second human gastric tissues cohort for validation. Bioinformatics analyses of public TCGA and GEO datasets were applied.<h3>Results</h3>Single-cell RNA profile highlights cellular heterogeneity and alterations in tissue ecology throughout the progression of gastric carcinoma. Various cell lineages exhibited unique cancer-associated expression profiles, such as tumor-like epithelial cell subset (EPC), inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) and Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM). Notably, we revealed that the specific epithelial subset enterocytes from the precancerous lesion GIM, exhibited elevated expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, and HNF4G was predicted as its specific transcription factor. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed genes in <em>H. pylori</em>-positive and negative epithelial cells, fibroblasts and myeloid cells were identified. Futhermore, <em>H. pylori</em>-positive specimens exhibited enriched cell–cell communication, characterized by significantly active TNF, SPP1, and THY1 signaling networks.<h3>Conclusions</h3>Our study provides a comprehensive landscape of the gastric carcinogenesis ecosystem and novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of different cell types in <em>H. pylori</em>-induced GC.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of single-cell analysis in immunotherapy for lung cancer: Current progress, new challenges and expectations","authors":"Nan Xiao, Hongyang Liu, Chenxing Zhang, Huanxiang Chen, Yang Li, Ying Yang, Hongchun Liu, Junhu Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Lung cancer is a prevalent form of cancer worldwide, presenting a substantial risk to human well-being. Lung cancer is classified into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The advancement of tumor immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors and adaptive T-cell therapy, has encountered substantial obstacles due to the rapid progression of SCLC and the metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance of NSCLC. These challenges are believed to stem from the tumor heterogeneity of lung cancer within the tumor microenvironment.<h3>Aim of review</h3>This review aims to comprehensively explore recent strides in single-cell analysis, a robust sequencing technology, concerning its application in the realm of tumor immunotherapy for lung cancer. It has been effectively integrated with transcriptomics, epigenomics, genomics, and proteomics for various applications. Specifically, these techniques have proven valuable in mapping the transcriptional activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with NSCLC, identifying circulating tumor cells, and elucidating the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment.<h3>Key scientific concepts of review</h3>The review emphasizes the paramount significance of single-cell analysis in mapping the immune cells within NSCLC patients, unveiling circulating tumor cells, and elucidating the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity. Notably, these advancements highlight the potential of single-cell analysis to revolutionize lung cancer immunotherapy by characterizing immune cell fates, improving therapeutic strategies, and identifying promising targets or prognostic biomarkers. Its potential to unravel the complexities within the tumor microenvironment and enhance treatment strategies marks a significant step towards more effective therapies and improved patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food inflammation index reveals the key inflammatory components in foods and heterogeneity within food groups: How do we choose food?","authors":"Zhangtie Wang, Changzheng Yuan, Yansong Zhang, Nesma S. Abdelaty, Cheng Chen, Jianfu Shen, Liangxiao Zhang, Baiyi Lu, Ruihai Liu, Peiwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Food is a critical factor of chronic inflammation. Few studies tried to quantize inflammatory effects of food. Moreover, the discrepancies in inflammatory effects among foods within the same food group are frequently ignored.<h3>Objectives</h3>This study aimed to compare inflammatory effects of food based on Food Composition Tables via a Food Inflammation Index (FII). We aimed to reveal heterogeneity within food groups in dietary guidelines and identify the key components.<h3>Methods</h3>The FII was adapted from Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) with a weighted algorithm, validated by NHANES.<!-- --> <!-- -->The Food Inflammation Scores of Individuals (FISI) of various dietary patterns were analyzed and compared. FII scores were converted to percentages for intuitive grading using the United States Department of Agriculture Food Composition Table (USDA-FCT), and China-FCT was also used for validation.<!-- --> <!-- -->The FII scores of various food groups based on USDA-FCT and dietary guidelines were counted and compared to reveal the heterogeneity within food groups.<h3>Results</h3>FII proves effective in delineating food inflammatory effects. It reveals substantial inflammatory risk even with adherence to the Mediterranean diet, highlighting the need to address intra-group heterogeneity. Within USDA-FCT, nuts and select vegetable oils (rich in flavonoids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) are notable anti-inflammatory foods, contrasting with pro-inflammatory meats high in saturated fats. According to the current dietary nutrition guidelines, the inflammatory effects of food groups vary greatly. Further subdivision of food groups can weaken the problem of heterogeneity within food groups, thereby providing more accurate dietary recommendations.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Quantifying the inflammatory effects of whole foods is important for general consumers to realize their own dietary inflammatory exposure risk. The FII reveals the heterogeneity within food groups and can be a reference for dietary recommendations. This public tool could be beneficial for consumer choice, dietary guideline revision, science research for healthier eating.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}