Journal of Animal Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"A study of duck detection using deep neural network based on RetinaNet model in smart farming.","authors":"Jeyoung Lee, Hochul Kang","doi":"10.5187/jast.2023.e76","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2023.e76","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a duck cage, ducks are placed in various states. In particular, if a duck is overturned and falls or dies, it will adversely affect the growing environment. In order to prevent the foregoing, it was necessary to continuously manage the cage for duck growth. This study proposes a method using an object detection algorithm to improve the foregoing. Object detection refers to the work to perform classification and localization of all objects present in the image when an input image is given. To use an object detection algorithm in a duck cage, data to be used for learning should be made and the data should be augmented to secure enough data to learn from. In addition, the time required for object detection and the accuracy of object detection are important. The study collected, processed, and augmented image data for a total of two years in 2021 and 2022 from the duck cage. Based on the objects that must be detected, the data collected as such were divided at a ratio of 9 : 1, and learning and verification were performed. The final results were visually confirmed using images different from the images used for learning. The proposed method is expected to be used for minimizing human resources in the growing process in duck cages and making the duck cages into smart farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74880290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a nucleic acid detection method based on the CRISPR-Cas13 for point-of-care testing of bovine viral diarrhea virus-1b.","authors":"Sungeun Hwang, Wonhee Lee, Yoonseok Lee","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e77","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a single-stranded, positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus belonging to the genus <i>Pestivirus</i> of the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family. BVD frequently causes economic losses to farmers. Among bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains, BVDV-1b is predominant and widespread in Hanwoo calves. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an essential method for diagnosing BVDV-1b and has become the gold standard for diagnosis in the Republic of Korea. However, this diagnostic method is time-consuming and requires expensive equipment. Therefore, Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas (CRISPR-Cas) systems have been used for point-of-care (POC) testing of viruses. Developing a sensitive and specific method for POC testing of BVDV-1b would be advantageous for controlling the spread of infection. Thus, this study aimed to develop a novel nucleic acid detection method using the CRISPR-Cas13 system for POC testing of BVDV-1b. The sequence of the BVD virus was extracted from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NC_001461.1), and the 5' untranslated region, commonly used for detection, was selected. CRISPR RNA (crRNA) was designed using the Cas13 design program and optimized for the expression and purification of the LwCas13a protein. Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells were infected with BVDV-1b, incubated, and the viral RNA was extracted. To enable POC viral detection, the compatibility of the CRISPR-Cas13 system was verified with a paper-based strip through collateral cleavage activity. Finally, a colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the detection of BVDV-1b by combining the previously obtained crRNA and Cas13a protein on a paper strip. In conclusion, the CRISPR-Cas13 system is highly sensitive, specific, and capable of nucleic acid detection, making it an optimal system for the early point-of-care testing of BVDV-1b.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat quality and safety issues during high temperatures and cutting-edge technologies to mitigate the scenario.","authors":"Amm Nurul Alam, Eun-Yeong Lee, Md Jakir Hossain, Abdul Samad, So-Hee Kim, Young-Hwa Hwang, Seon-Tea Joo","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e46","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change, driven by the natural process of global warming, is a worldwide issue of significant concern because of its adverse effects on livestock output. The increasing trend of environmental temperature surging has drastically affected meat production and meat product quality, hence result in economic losses for the worldwide livestock business. Due to the increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the situation would get prolonged, and heat exposure-related stress is expected to worsen. Heat exposure causes metabolic and physiological disruptions in livestock. Ruminants and monogastric animals are very sensitive to heat stress due to their rate of metabolism, development, and higher production levels. Before slaughter, intense hot weather triggers muscle glycogen breakdown, producing pale, mushy, and exudative meat with less water-holding capacity. Animals exposed to prolonged high temperatures experience a decrease in their muscle glycogen reserves, producing dry, dark, and complex meat with elevated final pH and increased water-holding capacity. Furthermore, heat stress also causes oxidative stresses, especially secondary metabolites from lipid oxidation, severely affects the functionality of proteins, oxidation of proteins, decreasing shelf life, and food safety by promoting exfoliation and bacterial growth. Addressing the heat-related issues to retain the sustainability of the meat sector is an essential task that deserves an inclusive and comprehensive approach. Considering the intensity of the heat stress effects, this review has been designed primarily to examine the consequences of hot environment temperatures and related stresses on the quality and safety of meat and secondarily focus on cutting edge technology to reduce or alleviate the situational impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weighted single-step genome-wide association study to reveal new candidate genes for productive traits of Landrace pig in Korea.","authors":"Jun Park, Chong-Sam Na","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e104","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with productive traits using a total of 37,099 productive records and 6,683 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data obtained from five Great-Grand-Parents (GGP) farms in Landrace. The estimated of heritabilities for days to 105 kg (AGE), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), and eye muscle area (EMA) were 0.49, 0.49, 0.56, and 0.23, respectively. We identified a genetic window that explained 2.05%-2.34% for each trait of the total genetic variance. We observed a clear partitioning of the four traits into two groups, and the most significant genomic region for AGE and ADG were located on the <i>Sus scrofa</i> chromosome (SSC) 1, while BF and EMA were located on SSC 2. We conducted Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), which revealed results in three biological processes, four cellular component, three molecular function, and six KEGG pathway. Significant SNPs can be used as markers for quantitative trait loci (QTL) investigation and genomic selection (GS) for productive traits in Landrace pig.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of dual-flow continuous culture fermenters with an organic essential oil product minimally influenced prokaryotic microbiome","authors":"Tansol Park, Benjamin A. Wenner, Grace Praisler","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2024.e67","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subclinical Mastitis of Buffaloes in Asia: Prevalence, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, Antimicro-bial resistance, and Current Treatment Strategies","authors":"Md. Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Md. Mahfujur Rahman, Hemayet Hossain, Piash Ghosh, Md Rafiqul Islam, Bibek Lamichhane, Fatma Alzahraa Gomaa, Heba Selim, M. A. Hossain, Yosra Helmy, Mohamed E. El El Zowalaty","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2024.e66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of single and complex probiotics in growing-finishing pigs and swine compost.","authors":"Kyeongho Jeon, Minho Song, Jihwan Lee, Hanjin Oh, Dongcheol Song, Seyeon Chang, Jaewoo An, Hyunah Cho, Sehyun Park, Hyeunbum Kim, Jinho Cho","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e88","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e88","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to supplement single and complex probiotics to investigate the effect on growing-finishing pigs and compost. In experiment 1, the 64 crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) pigs with an initial body weight of 18.75 ± 0.33 kg and a birth of 63 days were assigned to a completely randomized four treatment groups based on the initial body weight (4 pigs in a pen with 4 replicate pens for each treatment). For 13 weeks, the dietary treatments were provided: 1) Control (CON; basal diet), 2) T1 (CON + 0.2% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>), 3) T2 (CON + 0.2% <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>), 4) T3 (CON + 0.2% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> + 0.2% <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>). In experiment 2, the pig manure was obtained from Chungbuk National University (Cheongju, Korea) swine farm. For 12 weeks, the supplementary treatments were provided: 1) CON, non-additive compost; 2) T1, spray <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 10 g per 3.306 m²; 3) T2, spray <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 40 g per 3.306 m²; 4) T3, spray <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> 10 g per 3.306 m²; 5) T4: spray <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> 40 g per 3.306 m²; 6) T5, spray <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 5 g + <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> 5 g per 3.306 m²; 7) T6, spray <i>Saccharomyces subtilis</i> 20 g + <i>S. cerevisiae</i> 20 g per 3.306 m² and there were 6 replicates each treatment. In experiment 1, During the overall experimental period, T3 showed significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and average daily gain compared to other groups. In average maturity score, T3 showed significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than other groups. Supplementing complex probiotics group improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) H2S emissions and fecal microflora compared to the non-supplementing group. In experiment 2, additive probiotics groups had no effect (<i>p</i> > 0.05) on moisture content than the non-additive group at 9 and 12 weeks. T6 showed a significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) average maturity score at all periods and ammonia emissions at 1 week and 4 weeks compared to other groups. In summary, supplementation complex probiotics induced positive effects on both pigs and compost.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of genetic correlations and genomic prediction accuracy for reproductive and carcass traits in Hanwoo cows.","authors":"Md Azizul Haque, Asif Iqbal, Mohammad Zahangir Alam, Yun-Mi Lee, Jae-Jung Ha, Jong-Joo Kim","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e75","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e75","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study estimated the heritabilities (h²) and genetic and phenotypic correlations between reproductive traits, including calving interval (CI), age at first calving (AFC), gestation length (GL), number of artificial inseminations per conception (NAIPC), and carcass traits, including carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF), and marbling score (MS) in Korean Hanwoo cows. In addition, the accuracy of genomic predictions of breeding values was evaluated by applying the genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and the weighted GBLUP (WGBLUP) method. The phenotypic data for reproductive and carcass traits were collected from 1,544 Hanwoo cows, and all animals were genotyped using Illumina Bovine 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. The genetic parameters were estimated using a multi-trait animal model using the MTG2 program. The estimated h² for CI, AFC, GL, NAIPC, CWT, EMA, BF, and MS were 0.10, 0.13, 0.17, 0.11, 0.37, 0.35, 0.27, and 0.45, respectively, according to the GBLUP model. The GBLUP accuracy estimates ranged from 0.51 to 0.74, while the WGBLUP accuracy estimates for the traits under study ranged from 0.51 to 0.79. Strong and favorable genetic correlations were observed between GL and NAIPC (0.61), CWT and EMA (0.60), NAIPC and CWT (0.49), AFC and CWT (0.48), CI and GL (0.36), BF and MS (0.35), NAIPC and EMA (0.35), CI and BF (0.30), EMA and MS (0.28), CI and AFC (0.26), AFC and EMA (0.24), and AFC and BF (0.21). The present study identified low to moderate positive genetic correlations between reproductive and CWT traits, suggesting that a heavier body weight may lead to a longer CI, AFC, GL, and NAIPC. The moderately positive genetic correlation between CWT and AFC, and NAIPC, with a phenotypic correlation of nearly zero, suggesting that the genotype-environment interactions are more likely to be responsible for the phenotypic manifestation of these traits. As a result, the inclusion of these traits by breeders as selection criteria may present a good opportunity for developing a selection index to increase the response to the selection and identification of candidate animals, which can result in significantly increased profitability of production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential use of dried persimmon (<i>Diospyros kaki</i>) byproducts as feed sources for ruminants.","authors":"Sang Moo Lee, Tabita Dameria Marbun, Eun Joong Kim","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e83","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2024.e83","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, <i>in vitro</i> digestibility, and palatability of dried persimmon byproducts (persimmon peel [PP] and damaged whole persimmons [WP]) ensiled with rice straw in different mixing ratios. PP and WP were ensiled with rice straw at ratios of 3:7 (PP3R7, WP3R7), 5:5 (PP5R5, WP5R5), 7:3 (PP7R3, WP7R3), and 8:2 (PP8R2, WP8R2) for 70 d. WP3R7 had the highest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) crude protein and lactate contents compared to the other combinations. On the other hand, PP3R7 and PP8R2 had lower concentrations of neutral and acid-detergent fibers (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and produced lower amounts of ammonia-N (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The silages were compared to rice straw silage (RS), maize silage (MS), whole-crop rye silage (WCRS), and sorghum-sudangrass silage (SSGS) during an <i>in vitro</i> study. The results showed that PP8R2 and WP7R3 had higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) dry matter digestibility values than RS, MS, WCRS, and SSGS in a 6 h incubation period. In addition, a palatability test of the silages was conducted on Hanwoo cattle, goats, and deer, using the cafeteria method. The palatability index rate of PP7R3 was the highest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for the goats and the Hanwoo cattle, whereas PP8R2 had the highest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) rate for the deer and the Hanwoo cattle. In conclusion, dried persimmon byproducts in the form of PP and WPs can be used as ruminant feed when ensiled with RS at ratios of 7:3 and 8:2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of conical 9 well dish on bovine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development","authors":"Byung Hyun Ju, You Jin Kim, Youn Bae Park, Byeong Ho Kim, Min Kyu Kim","doi":"10.5187/jast.2024.e68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2024.e68","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}