Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of GHG emissions in dairy production systems based on existing feed resources through the <i>GLEAM</i> model under different climatic zones of Bangladesh and their mitigation options.","authors":"Muhammad Khairul Bashar, Nathu Ram Sarker, Nasrin Sultana, Sheikh Mohammad Jahangir Hossain","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k816","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study evaluated the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of dairy cattle through the Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model <i>(GLEAM)</i> model and illustrated potential mitigation strategies by modifying nutrition interventions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A semi-structural questionnaire was developed to calculate dairy animal GHG emissions. This study comprised 40 farmers from four districts: river basin (Pabna), drought-prone (Chapainobabganj), floodplain (Nilphamari), and saline-prone (Sathkhira) areas. Ten lactating cows (two cows from each farmer) were also selected to collect information on feeding practices, feed resources, feed intake (roughages and concentrate), water intake, and productive and reproductive parameters for 7 days at each site during two seasons: dry (November-February) and wet (June-October).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GHG emissions from the river basin area were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher due to low-quality roughages (75%), whereas CH₄/kg of milk production was the lowest (77.0 gm). In contrast, the area that frequently experiences drought showed a different pattern. For instance, the generation of CH₄ from enteric fermentation was 1187.4 tons/year, while the production of CH₄ and N₂O from manure management was 323.1 tons/year and 4.86 tons/year, respectively. In comparison to other climatic areas, these values were the lowest because the supply of green grass was twice as abundant as in the other climatic areas (40%). The quantity of CH₄/kg of milk produced in an area susceptible to drought did not vary.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementing feeding systems in drought-prone areas is a successful approach to reducing GHG emissions in the dairy industry in Bangladesh. Consequently, implementing feed-balancing techniques can enhance productivity and foster environmentally sustainable animal production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"664-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of <i>Neospora caninum</i> from aborted fetuses of cattle, sheep, and goats in Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Shahiduzzaman, Pijush Biswas, Ajran Kabir, Abu Rakib M Beni Amin, Sakhyajit Saha Parijat, Nurnabi Ahmed, Md Zawad Hossain, Majed H Wakid","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k811","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to detect <i>Neospora caninum</i> by nested PCR (nPCR) in aborted fetuses of cattle, sheep, and goats in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The head portion of each aborted fetus (111) was dissected at each sampling site and transferred to the laboratory in an ice box. Data on risk factors associated with <i>N. caninum</i> infection were simultaneously collected. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from brain tissue to perform nPCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene of <i>N. caninum</i> and sequencing was performed from the representative positive samples<i>.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By nPCR, <i>N. caninum</i> was found in 16.0% of aborted fetuses of cattle, followed by sheep (14.81%) and goats (11.78%). The highest prevalence was found in aborted fetuses of animals during the second trimester (27.78%) of pregnancy aged 2 to 4 years (18.75%). Obtained sequences showed they were completely matched with <i>N. caninum</i> ITS1 rDNA gene deposited in GenBank. Univariate analysis demonstrated that pregnancy stages (trimesters), abortion history of the animals, and access to dogs in animal farms were significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) correlated with <i>N. caninum</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study represents the first investigation into the molecular detection, phylogenetic characterization, and analysis of risk factors associated with <i>N. caninum</i> in livestock in Bangladesh. According to the research findings, <i>N. caninum</i> infection may have a role in abortion cases and the ensuing financial losses in the nation's livestock industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"618-626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrus response and pregnancy rate of swamp buffalo: The use of multivitamins in different estrus synchronization hormone protocols.","authors":"Ferry Lismanto Syaiful, Jaswandi Jaswandi, Mangku Mundana, Yendraliza Yendraliza, Zaituni Udin","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k824","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the effect of using multivitamins in different estrus synchronization hormone protocols on estrus response, estrus onset, estrus duration, estrus intensity, and pregnancy rate in swamp buffalo.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study used 30 post-partum adult buffalo, with three estrus synchronization methods treated: 1. Conventional plus Prostaglandin F2 α (PGF2α-PGF2α + multivitamin)-AI; 2. Co-synch plus Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-PGF2α + multivitamin)-AI; 3. Combination of hormone plus (Estrogen-Progesterone-PGF2α + multivitamin)-AI. Research variables include estrus response, estrus onset, estrus duration, estrus intensity, and pregnancy rate. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23.0 program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the use of multivitamins in different estrus synchronization hormone protocols resulted in an estrous response reaching 100%. The onset of estrus in the three treatments [Treatment-1 (T1); Treatment-2 (T2); Treatment-3 (T3)] was 25.8; 27.6; 23.9 h, estrus duration: 21.0; 21.6; 21.92 h, estrus intensity: 25.8; 27.6; 32.6 h, and the pregnancy rate for buffalo reaches 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, the use of multivitamins in different estrus synchronization hormone protocols is effective in optimizing the swamp buffalo's estrus response; the estrus duration is longer, the estrus onset is faster, and the estrus intensity is higher. It can even optimize the increase in swamp buffalo pregnancy rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"729-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccine candidate from a local isolate of Bangladesh.","authors":"Mst Kohinoor Parvin, Md Enamul Haque, Mohammad Aynul Haque, Md Mostofa Kamal, Mohammad Sadekuzzaman, Sajedul Hayat, Md Tanvir Rahman, Mahbubul Pratik Siddique, Sham Soun Nahar, A K M Khasruzzaman, Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain, Md Alimul Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k809","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Infectious bronchitis (IB), a highly infectious acute viral disease, is a major burden to the chicken industry worldwide. The research aimed to develop an inactivated IB vaccine using local isolates and assess its immunogenicity compared to other commercial live IB vaccines.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An inactivated vaccine using a candidate IB virus (PP067159.1: Alim_IB_1001) of the QX genotype was developed according to WOAH guidelines. Chickens were vaccinated with three doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ml) at 7 days old, with a booster at 37 days old via subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) routes. Blood samples were collected on days 7, 37, and 67 to measure immune response by indirect ELISA. On day 67, chickens were challenged with a virulent IBV strain to assess vaccine protection. The experimental IB vaccine's immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and antibody duration were compared to a live IB vaccine (Live CEVAC^® IBird) using three vaccination schedules: killed-followed-killed, live-followed-killed, and live-followed-live.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chickens vaccinated with SC with 1.0 ml showed higher antibody titers compared to other SC and IM routes of vaccination. SC vaccination with 0.5 and 1 ml provided the highest protection (93%). The killed-followed-killed vaccination method produced a more consistent and protective level of antibody titers in chickens compared to the other vaccination schedules. The experimental inactivated IB vaccine led to a higher survival rate (93%) compared to live-followed-killed (87%) and live-followed-live (73%), with statistical significance (<i>p < 0.01</i>). All three chicken groups maintained protective antibody titers (>396) at 307 days, but titers declined faster in the live-followed-live and live-followed-killed groups compared to the killed-followed-killed group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that the experimental inactivated IB vaccination can protect commercial-layer chickens from natural IB outbreaks of the QX genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"592-600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture and prognosis depending on tibial plateau angle: A retrospective study.","authors":"Beom-Seok Seo, Chul Park, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Inseong Jeong, Namsoo Kim","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k812","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (RCCL) and the efficacy of tibial plateau angle (TPA) as a prognostic indicator in small breed dogs diagnosed with RCCL.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For this study, 53 dogs with RCCL were selected based on their medical data. The Tibial plateau angle (TPA) was calculated by analyzing the radiographic images of the stifle joint region. The dogs were categorized based on their body weight, sex, age, breed, and RCCL. Subsequently, clinical outcomes of dogs were evaluated based on their pre- and postoperative TPAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of RCCL was higher in neutered dogs, especially those neutered before 6 months of age. The preoperative TPAs of all dogs diagnosed with RCCL were lowered with TPLO. Preoperative walking time in the higher pre-operative TPA (>25°) group (13.58 ± 1.53 days) was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) longer than the lower pre-operative TPA (≤25°) group (10.09 ± 0.84). The lower pre-operative TPA (≤ 25°) group showed better prognoses without any more complications than the higher pre-operative TPA (> 25°) group. Furthermore, post-operative walking time in the higher post-operative TPA dogs (>10°) group (18.08 ± 2.22 days) was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) longer than the lower post-operative TPA dogs (≤10°) group (10.20 ± 0.90 days). Likewise, the TPA (≤10°) group showed better prognoses with lowered complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, pre- and post-operative TPA plays an important prognostic factor, and post-operative TPA should be kept at<10° to get better clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"627-636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of toll-like receptor 7/8 ligand in inhibiting the motility of putative X-chromosome-bearing sperm in rams.","authors":"Rangga Setiawan, Rini Widyastuti, An An Nurmeidiansyah, Nurcholidah Solihati","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k814","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine the effect of a toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) ligand on the motility of putative X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm in rams.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sperm from three fertile rams were incubated with tris-citrate buffer containing 0 to 0.9 μM resiquimod (a TLR7/8 ligand) that affects only the X chromosome sperm. Sperm was then subjected to a swim-up test method. After incubation, sperm in the top and lower layers of the media were transferred into a separate new tube. Sperm motility characteristics, concentration, morphometry, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration from both layers were identified. The data were analyzed for multiple comparisons using one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated that the presence of resiquimod used in the swim-up method facilitated the morphometric separation of smaller sperm, predominantly representing Y chromosome sperm in the top layer. Meanwhile, larger samples, indicating X chromosome sperm, accumulated in the lower layer of the media, thus increasing sperm concentration. Resiquimod also decreased motility in the lower layer, but samples in the top layer were unaffected. This decrease was reinforced by the depletion of the ATP level of sperm at the lower level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TLR7/8 ligand reduced the motility of the putative X-sperm by decreasing their ATP content, allowing separation from the putative Y-sperm. These results suggested the importance of TLR7/8 as a potential biomarker in sperm selection technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"648-654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of antimicrobial usage practice in livestock and poultry production and its consequences on human and animal health.","authors":"Md Ariful Islam, Palash Bose, Md Zaminur Rahman, Muhammad Muktaruzzaman, Papia Sultana, Tanvir Ahamed, Mst Minara Khatun","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k817","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobials are employed in the control of contagious illnesses in humans and animals and are also utilized as growth enhancers in livestock and poultry. Improper application of antibiotics results in the development of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (VRSA), colistin-resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>E. coli,</i> and fluoroquinolone-resistant <i>Salmonella</i>. Transmission of MDR bacteria happens among animals, from human to animal, and vice versa, resulting in treatment failure, increased treatment cost, and high morality. In this article, we analyzed the recent publications of the current antimicrobial application practices in livestock and poultry farms and the development of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in livestock and poultry and its adverse effects on human and animal health using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google. Citations from published articles were also analyzed. Several drug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA, VRSA, colistin-resistant strains, ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i>, and fluoroquinolone-resistant <i>Salmonella</i>, have emerged due to heavy antibiotic application in cattle and poultry, according to the analysis. Transmission happens between people and animals as well as throughout the production chain, which raises the chance of failure of antibiotic therapy and fatality. To stop the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria, it is important to ensure the proper use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry. Especially in developing nations, strict control and implementation of antimicrobial rules are necessary. To successfully address antimicrobial resistance and lessen dependency on antibiotics, alternative disease management strategies in livestock and poultry must be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"675-685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of heavy metal and radioactive element levels in the ovarian follicular fluid of pregnant and non-pregnant Kyrgyz breed mares.","authors":"Ali Risvanli, Fatih Hatipoglu, Ruslan Salykov, Necati Timurkaan, Nariste Kadiralieva, Kaliyman K Kasymalieva, Ibrahim Seker, Kobil Jurakulov, Nuriddin Ruzikulov, Abdugani Abdurasulov, Cahit Kalkan","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k808","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the current study, we aimed to ascertain the levels of heavy metals and radioactive elements in the ovarian follicular fluids of pregnant and non-pregnant Kyrgyz mares.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To this end, follicular fluids were obtained from 49 Kyrgyz mares aged 3-5 years. The mares were in various stages of pregnancy (Group 1, <i>n =</i> 27) or were non-pregnant (Group 2, <i>n =</i> 22). We measured the levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), antimony (Sb), cobalt (Co), potassium (K), uranium (U), nickel (Ni), and thorium (Th) in follicular fluids using atomic emission mass spectrometry. Subsequently, the data were statistically analyzed according to whether the mare was pregnant or not, the pregnancy stage, the presence or absence of the corpus luteum in the ovaries, the corpus luteum's diameter if present, and the presence or absence and diameter of follicles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that K levels were higher in non-pregnant mares (0.00564 ± 0.000590 ppm, <i>p</i> = 0.009). Furthermore, Ni (0.01033 ± 0.001880 ppm, <i>p</i> = 0.07) and K (0.00563 ± 0.000498 ppm, <i>p</i> = 0.026) levels were higher in mares with a follicle diameter of 1-3 cm. However, these results did not change according to the month of pregnancy, number of follicles, presence or absence of the corpus luteum in the ovaries, number of corpora lutea, and their diameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, we concluded that heavy metal and radioactive element levels in the ovarian follicular fluids of Kyrgyz mares do not significantly change with pregnancy status, and there are limited detrimental effects of pollution on the follicular fluids.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"583-591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen properties of Indonesian local sheepskin isolated using acid and enzymatic methods.","authors":"Dita Prameswari Trenggono Putri, Vernanda Widya Pangestika, Hanifan Ilyas, Mohammad Zainal Abidin, Nanung Agus Fitriyanto, Yuny Erwanto","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k823","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the physical properties of Indonesian local sheep skin collagen extracted by acid and enzymatic methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Collagen was isolated from Pure Breed Garut Sheep (<i>Ovis aries sp</i>.) skin, 1.5 years old. The skins were obtained from a local slaughterhouse in Cirebon, Indonesia. The solvents used were CH₃COOH and three different enzymes: neutrase, alcalase, and bromelain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest yields of extracted collagen were bromelain-soluble collagen (BSC), which reached 37.07%. The range of Ph values for all samples started from 4.01 to 4.76. The viscosity values (cP) of acid-soluble collagen (ASC), neutrase-soluble collagen (NSC), alcalase-soluble collagen (LSC), and BSC were 3.42, 3.90, 3.45, and 3.12, respectively. Regarding SDS-PAGE analyses, Garut sheepskin collagen is categorized as collagen type I, which has a molecular weight of about 140.99 to 148.74 kDa for α1 and around 110 to 111.86 kDa for α2. The results of FTIR and DSC analyses for all samples show the same motif with commercial collagen motifs based on the literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Garut sheep skin has the potential to be an alternative raw material source for producing collagen. Collagen extracted using a combination of CH3COOH and bromelain enzyme showed the most desirable results in almost every characteristic.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"722-728"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, identification, and potentiality of gut-derived probiotic bacteria from <i>Heteropneustes fossilis</i>, stinging catfish.","authors":"Abdul Kader Jilani, Md Nurul Haider, Abir Hasan, Md Adil Mahfuz, Md Nazmul Islam Rifat, Md Mubarack Hossain, Muhammad Mehedi Hasan","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k806","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from wild stinging catfish (<i>Heteropneustes fossilis</i>), a very popular high-valued aquaculture species of Bangladesh. The isolates were identified through conventional culture-based and molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Stinging catfish harvested from natural sources of three sampling sites under two districts (Kishoreganj and Netrakona) were collected, dissected for gut content, and cultured onto <i>Lactobacillus</i> MRS Agar plates. Out of 60 bacterial isolates obtained, 10 were chosen for an in vitro evaluation of their probiotic potentials through pH and bile tolerance tests. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the selected isolates were searched against the NCBI database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for Nucleotides (BLASTNs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The isolates were identified as <i>Staphylococcus arlettae</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus succinus</i>, <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>, <i>Kocuria subflava</i>, <i>Macrococcus caseolyticus</i>, <i>Lysinibacillus sphaericus</i>, <i>Glutamicibacter mysorens</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Acinetobacter lwoffii</i>. Among them, <i>B. subtilis</i>, <i>S. succinus</i>, <i>B. velezensis</i>, <i>M. caseolyticus</i>, <i>G. mysorens</i>, and <i>B. cereus</i> exhibited notable growth across all tested pH levels (pH 2, 3, and 4) and bile salt concentrations (0.3%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) suggesting that they have strong potential as probiotic bacteria. In addition, <i>S. arlettae</i> also indicated promising growth except at pH 2. <i>L. sphaericus and K. subflava</i> exhibited limited growth at low pH but tolerated bile salt concentrations. <i>A. lwoffii</i> did not show any growth at pH tests but minimal growth at the lower concentrations of bile salts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the potentiality assessments and previous literature reviews, five isolates such as <i>B. subtilis, S. succinus, M. caseolyticus, G. mysorens</i>, and <i>B. cereus</i> were identified as potential probiotic bacteria. As species-specific probiotics are considered to perform more effectively and efficiently than unknown-sourced commercial probiotics, the findings of this study will be applicable in enhancing the aquaculture production of stinging catfish.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"560-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}