Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of dietary supplementation with zinc-methionine on ruminal enzyme activities, fermentation characteristics, methane production, and nutrient digestibility: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Moh Sofi'ul Anam, Andriyani Astuti, Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto, Ali Agus","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j725","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The principal objective of this research was to examine the influence of zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) addition on feed on the <i>in vitro</i> ruminal enzyme activities, fermentation characteristics, methane production, and digestibilities of feed nutrients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The dosage of Zn-Met as a source of organic Zn was added to feed based on dry matter (DM) as follows: 0-without Zn addition (CON), 30 Zn mg/kg-low (LZM), 60 Zn mg/kg-medium (MZM), and 90 Zn mg/kg-high (HZM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated significant impacts of Zn-Met addition on various parameters. Compared to the CON group, all Zn-Met treatments resulted in increased total volatile fatty acids (VFA) (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001), carboxymethyl-cellulase activity (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and gas production at 48-h of incubation (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001, quadratic; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the MZM and HZM groups exhibited higher levels of amylase activity (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001), protease activity (linear; <i>p</i> = 0.006), microbial protein (linear; <i>p</i> = 0.009), DM digestibility (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001), organic matter (OM) digestibility (linear; <i>p</i> < 0.001), crude protein (CP) digestibility (linear; <i>p</i> = 0.004), and crude fiber (CF) digestibility (linear; <i>p</i> = 0.003) than CON treatment. However, the treatments did not have any noteworthy effects on pH, the individual VFA (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) proportions, NH₃-N concentration, and methane production (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It could be summarized that supplementing 60 and 90 Zn mg/kg DM as Zn-Met could improve the <i>in vitro</i> ruminal enzyme activities, fermentation characteristics, and nutrient digestibility without affecting methane production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cryptosporidium</i> species diagnosis in handlers of domestic pigeons in Baghdad City: Molecular and microscopic approaches.","authors":"Yahya F Hashim, Mohammed Th S Al-Zubaidi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j730","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence and diagnosis of molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium infection in handlers of domestic pigeons in Baghdad City. Traditional and molecular diagnostic methods were employed to detect and identify Cryptosporidium species.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty stool samples were collected from the handlers of domestic pigeons, and various techniques, including direct smear, flotation concentration, staining methods, and DNA extraction coupled with nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results obtained from traditional methods indicated an overall infection rate of 55% in handlers of domestic pigeons, while significant variations were noted between male and female handlers. Age group 21-40 years were found to have higher infection rates were found to have higher infection rates. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium also displayed temporal variability throughout the study period. Molecular analysis using nested PCR revealed higher infection rates of 86% in handlers of domestic pigeon samples. Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis identified the presence of Cryptosporidium parvam species in handlers of domestic pigeons, indicating zoonotic transmission potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the high prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection among handlers of domestic pigeons in Baghdad City.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of cryodehydration technique in preserving the gross and histoarchitectural details of goat visceral and musculoskeletal specimens.","authors":"Nasrin Sultana, Rafiqul Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j727","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to determine the effectiveness of the cryodehydration technique in preserving the morphologic and morphometric attributes of the anatomical specimens of goats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Different anatomical parts of a goat, i.e., heart, lungs, spleen, liver, kidney, and musculoskeletal specimens, were collected and fixed in 15% formalin. Later on, the fixed specimens were cryodehydrated by fast freezing (burning process) and repeated freezing-thawing sessions, followed by wood glue coating. Finally, the macroscopic (i.e., weight, color, texture, odor, and durability) and microscopic characteristics (by routine hematoxylin and eosin staining) of the cryodehydrated specimens were studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resultant specimens produced excellent color and texture and were lightweight (60%-80% weight loss), soft, dry, odorless, durable, and easy to handle. The histoarchitectural details of the heart and skeletal muscle were well preserved, while some distinctive alterations were observed in the parenchymatous organs, i.e., breach in cellular integrity, loss of cell cytoplasm, loss of cytoplasmic and nuclear clarity, increased sinusoidal space, dilatation of the renal tubules, and reduction in glomerular size. Nevertheless, the basic histoarchitecture of each specimen was yet to be distinctly identifiable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study findings suggest that the cryodehydration technique can preserve gross anatomical features as well as histoarchitectural details and can be an effective tool for facilitating veterinary education and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic analysis and biodiversity of bacteria in traditional fermented fish or Budu from West Sumatera, Indonesia.","authors":"Yetti Marlida, Malikil Kudus Susalam, Harnentis Harnentis, Jamsari Jamsari, Nurul Huda, Wan Norhana Md Noordin, Lili Anggraini, Laily Rinda Ardani","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j736","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aims to investigate the microbial diversity of Budu prepared from fresh and frozen fish from the Pariaman and Pasaman districts in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, as well as provide basic information about Budu quality.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To obtain the bacterial microbial composition, deoxyribonucleic acid extraction was carried out using amplicon-sequencing of the <i>16S-rRNA</i> gene in the V3-V4 region from two types of Budu and carried out in duplicate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Budu prepared with fresh (Pariaman) or frozen (Pasaman) fish was dominated by Firmicutes (78.455%-92.37%) and Proteobacteria (6.477%-7.23%) phyla. The total microbial species in Budu from Pariaman were higher (227 species) than in Pasaman (153 species). The bacterial species found are <i>Lentibacillus kimchi</i> (1.878%-2.21%), <i>Staphylococcus cohnii</i> (0.597%-0.70%), <i>Peptostreptococcus russeli</i> (0.00%-0.002%), <i>Clostridium disporicum</i> (0.073%-0.09%), <i>Clostridium novyi</i> (0.00%-0.01%), <i>Nioella sediminis</i> (0.00%-0.001%), and <i>Shewanella baltica</i> (0.00%-0.003%). <i>Lentibacillus kimchi, S. cohnii,</i> and <i>C. disporicum</i> are found in both Budu. <i>Nioella sediminis</i> and <i>S. baltica</i> are found in Budu Pariaman. <i>Peptostreptococcus russeli</i> and <i>C. novyi</i> were found in Budu Pasaman.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metagenomic analysis of Budu from different fish, Pariaman (fresh fish) and Pasaman (frozen fish) showed that the biodiversity of bacteria was barely different. Both Budu found lactic acid bacteria from the <i>Enterococcaceae</i> family, genus <i>Vagococcus,</i> and pathogenic bacteria, such as <i>S. cohnii, P. russeli, C. disporicum,</i> and <i>S. baltica</i>. The discovery of various species of pathogenic bacteria indicates that development is still needed in the Budu production process to improve Budu quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of equine herpesviruses 1 and 4 among different equine populations in Egypt.","authors":"Mohamed El-Zayat, Omayma A Shemies, Samah M Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j719","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Equine herpes viruses (EHVs) are considered one of the most important respiratory pathogens in equids, resulting in serious outcomes for equine health worldwide. The objectives of the current research were the detection, molecular characterization, and isolation of EHV-1 and EHV-4 circulating within different equine populations in Egypt, either clinically or in apparently healthy horses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 120 field samples were collected, and DNA was extracted. Screening and typing of extracted DNA were done by consensus and conventional PCR assays for detection of EHV-1 and EHV-4, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to confirm the virus identity. Selected positive samples for both EHV-1 and EHV-4 were subjected to Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell lines for virus isolation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained results revealed that 58/120 (48%) samples were positive for EHVs. Typing of positive samples showed that EHV-1 was detected in (48/120) 40% of samples and EHV-4 was detected in (15/120) 12% of samples, while dual infection by both EHV-1 and 4 was detected in five samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study revealed new data on the continuous circulation of EHV-1 and EHV-4 within equine populations in Egypt, and individual horses could be infected by multiple EHVs. In addition, latently infected horses are acting as potential reservoirs for frequent virus reactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of marigold leaves (<i>Tagetes erecta L</i>.) in rations and their effect on rumen enzyme activity, fermentation parameters, methane emission, and nutrient digestibility <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Chusnul Hanim, Moh Sofi'ul Anam, Lies Mira Yusiati, Muhsin Al Anas","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j734","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the utilization of marigold leaves (MGLs) in rations and their impact on rumen enzyme activity, fermentation parameters, methane (CH₄) emission, and nutrient digestibility <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The experimental diets comprised different proportions of MGL incorporated into the dry matter (DM) rations. Experimental design: The MGL treatments in diets include 0% (MGL-0), 7% (MGL-7), and 14% (MGL-14).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that MGL-14 substantially raised (<i>p <</i> 0.05) the rumen parameters, including NH₃-N and microbial protein, total volatile fatty acids, acetate (C₂), propionate (C₃), butyrate (C₄), and the C₂:C₃ ratio. In contrast, the MGL-7 and MGL-14 groups experienced a noteworthy reduction (<i>p <</i> 0.05) in the total protozoa population. The MGL-7 and MGL-14 treatments also led to a substantial increase in the digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), and crude fiber (CF) in the rumen. However, they also resulted in a decline (<i>p <</i> 0.05) in crude protein (CP) digestibility. The DM and OM total digestibilities were higher (<i>p <</i> 0.05) in the MGL-14 and MGL-7 groups. The utilization of MGL did not influence (<i>p ></i> 0.05) the ruminal enzyme activities (carboxymethyl cellulase, amylase, protease), cumulative gas production, kinetics, ruminal pH value, CH₄ and CO₂ production, total CF, and CP digestibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The utilization of MGL until 14% DM in diets can enhance ruminal fermentation parameters and nutrient digestibility <i>in vitro</i> without negatively affecting gas production kinetics or ruminal enzyme activities. However, it did not have any impact on CH₄ production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Andaliman (<i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i> DC.) fruit ethanolic extract exerts attenuative effect on hyperglycemia, sensory and motoric function's disorders in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.","authors":"Putra Santoso, Arin Saparima Simatupang, Annisha Fajria, Resti Rahayu, Robby Jannatan","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j716","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Andaliman (<i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i>) is a potent medicinal plant in Asia. This present study aimed to reveal the effectivity of Andaliman fruit extract in alleviating hyperglycemia, sensory and motoric balance disorders, histopathology of the cerebellum, and tissue oxidative stress in diabetic mice induced by alloxan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Diabetes induction was performed by intraperitoneally injecting alloxan monohydrate [200 mg/kg body weight (BW)]. Subsequently, the mice were treated daily with an ethanolic extract of Andaliman fruit (0, 150, 300, 450 mg/kg BW per oral) for 28 days, followed by measurements of blood glucose, paw sensitivity, motoric balance, histopathology of the cerebellum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Moreover, the phytochemical constituents of the extract were elucidated by liquid chromatography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher doses of Andaliman fruit extract could significantly attenuate the elevation of random and fasting blood glucose (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and improve paw sensitivity responses (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and motoric balances (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in diabetic mice. Moreover, Andaliman fruit extract could significantly attenuate the degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and suppress MDA levels in the blood (<i>p</i> < 0.05) while blunting the MDA in the brain tissue (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Phytochemical screening revealed 39 compounds in the Andaliman extract belonging to the groups of alkaloids (26 compounds), flavonoids (12 compounds), and terpenoids (1 compound).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ethanolic extract of Andaliman fruit is capable of ameliorating diabetic neuropathy, motor balance disorders, and Purkinje cell degeneration while also reducing oxidative stress in the peripheral system. Hence, Andaliman extract is a promising candidate for formulation as an herbal remedy against the detrimental outcomes of diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding microbiota composition and influencing factors among the general population in Jazan province: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bander S Rajab, Riyadh A Jahlan, Ameer M Mobarki, Osama A Alhazmi, Ehab F Hakami, Waleed H Shayari, Nawaf A Darabshi, Abdulgader K Basamad, Abdulaziz H Alhazmi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j733","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The human gut microbiota is crucial to maintaining health and preventing diseases. The general population's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding microbiota composition and the factors affecting it remain poorly understood in Saudi Arabia. The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the general population in the Jazan Province of Saudi Arabia regarding the gut microbiota and its main influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing a validated self-administered online questionnaire to collect data from participants aged 18 years and older. The study population excluded nonresidents of the Jazan region, individuals below 18, and those who declined to participate. Nonrandomized convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from the Jazan Province, targeting the general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One thousand one hundred twenty-six participants completed the survey, resulting in a response rate of 93%. Most participants (50.4%) had average microbiota knowledge, 14.7% demonstrated good understanding, and 34.9% had poor knowledge. Regarding probiotics, the findings indicated that 76.4% of participants exhibited insufficient knowledge, 21.1% had average knowledge, and 2.5% displayed good knowledge. Most participants (65.7%) held a neutral attitude toward antibiotics and probiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a significant gap in understanding probiotics among the general population in the Jazan Region. Comprehensive education and awareness campaigns are urgently needed to promote a better understanding of microbiota composition, its significance for health, and the potential benefits of probiotics. Effective public health initiatives should be developed to provide accurate and up-to-date probiotic information, fostering positive health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between G1 (c.260 G>A) and G4 (c.721 G>A) polymorphisms in the GDF9 gene and the litter size of sheep: A meta-analysis study.","authors":"Agung Budiyanto, Slamet Hartanto, Rini Widayanti, Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan, Heru Ponco Wardono, Sri Gustari","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j715","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The results of G1 and G4 polymorphisms as litter-size (LS) markers of ewes remain contradictory. The aim was to evaluate the impact of G1 (c.260 G>A) and G4 (c.721 G>A) polymorphisms on the LS of sheep by synthesizing data from multiple previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from 14 eligible articles. The genotypes of G1 and G4 polymorphisms were homozygous wild-type (WW), heterozygous (WM), and homozygous mutant-type (MM). The standardized mean difference (SMD) method using random effect models was employed to determine the effect size of G1 and G4 polymorphisms on LS under dominant, recessive, additive, and co-dominant genetic models. Heterogeneity was analyzed with the I2 statistic index. Publication bias was depicted with funnel plots and tested by Egger's and Begg's tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed that the correlation between G1 polymorphism and LS in sheep was not significant (p > 0.05) under all genetic models. The influence of G4 polymorphism on the LS of sheep was found significantly (p < 0.05) under dominant [SMD = 0.28, I2 = 0% (no heterogeneity)] and co-dominant [SMD = -0.14, I2 = 36% (moderate heterogeneity)] genetic models. The WM genotype of G4 polymorphism increased LS, while the MM genotype reduced LS in sheep. Publication bias among G1 and G4 polymorphism studies was absent in all genetic models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the study revealed that G4 polymorphism could be a potential genetic marker for LS in ewes. On the contrary, G1 polymorphism has no association with the LS of ewes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of <i>Cyperus esculentus</i> hydroethanolic extract and <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> on reproductive efficacy against cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in male rats.","authors":"Sura Safi Khafaji","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j724","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) is an environmentally toxic pollutant that can cause reprotoxicity. <i>Cyperus esculentus</i> and <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> are potent antioxidant plants currently used to counteract the action of harmful pollutants. The present experiment was intended to evaluate and comp are the role of <i>C. esculentus</i> hydroethanolic extract (CHE) and <i>E. oleracea</i> in treating the reprotoxicity induced by CdCl₂ in rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty adult male rats (160-210 gm) were allocated into five groups equally. Control group: received 5 ml of normal saline (NS); the other treatment groups were injected with CdCl₂ as a single dose for two weeks to induce testicular toxicity. After 14 days, the four groups were treated orally daily for two months as follows: The cadmium group (Cd) received NS, the third group (TC) was administered 800 mg/kg BW of CHE, the fourth group (TO) received 500 mg/kg BW of <i>E. oleracea,</i> and the fifth group (TCO) received CHE with <i>E. oleracea.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The live sperm and motility, serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), 17<i>β</i>-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3<i>β</i>-HSD) were significantly increased in the TCO, TC, and TO groups compared with the Cd group. Testicular nitric oxide and malondialdehyde were elevated significantly in the Cd group compared to the TC, TO, TCO, and control groups. The fold changes of <i>Fshβ</i>, <i>Lhβ</i>, and <i>Gnrh</i> genes were upregulated in the TCO group compared to the Cd and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of CHE with <i>E. oleracea</i> showed improvements in rat testicles affected by cadmium toxicity via upregulated reproductive gene expression and its antioxidant effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}