Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Histological and histochemical features of the mature female reproductive tract of local breed dog <i>(Canis familiaris)</i>.","authors":"Dhyaa Ab Abood, Mohammed Sulaiman Dawood, Noor Hussein Yousif, Abdulkarim Jafar Karim","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k835","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Many studies focused on clinical cases such as ovariohysterectomy of bitches and scarcely mentioned the histological features. The present study describes the cytoarchitecture characteristics of a local dog's mature adult reproductive tract.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixteen samples of uterus and cervix were obtained from local breed bitches to conduct this study. The organs were processed according to routine histopathological protocol and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and combined Alcian blue (2.5 pH) and PAS (AB-PAS) stains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mature endometrium formed numerous short epithelial folds and epithelial crypts composed of mucous cells and cuboidal cells. The core of the endometrium is composed of fibrous tissue containing fibroblasts with discernible active uterine glands. The myometrium is constructed by thick, circularly, and longitudinally oriented layers of smooth muscle fibers. The AB-PAS stain of the uterine glands revealed light-neutral glycoprotein. The cervix had a very thick wall and displayed numerous huge mucosal folds, covered by ciliated and non-ciliated pseudo-stratified epithelium. The tissue core of the cervix was very thick, and composed of highly cellular, highly vascular, and non-glandular fibrous connective tissue. Layers forming the muscularis of the cervix are composed of circularly, obliquely, and longitudinally oriented smooth muscle bundles. The cervical epithelial cells revealed a light film of neutral glycoprotein that covered the epithelial surface, and the goblet cells denoted strong acidic mucopolysaccharide.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study concluded that the most mature nonpregnant local breed dogs during the proestrus and estrus phases had an active endometrial architecture that is suitable for the management of reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"835-845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune response and protective efficacy of an experimentally developed inactivated oil adjuvant <i>Brucella abortus</i> vaccine in BALB/c mice.","authors":"Md Zaminur Rahman, Md Ariful Islam, Palash Bose, Mst Minara Khatun, Rokshana Parvin","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k841","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated oil adjuvant <i>B. abortus</i> vaccine in BALB/c mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Mice in group A (<i>n =</i> 30) received subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization with 0.1 ml of vaccine (1.5 × 10⁷ inactivated <i>B. abortus</i> biovar 3 per mouse) and were boosted 4 weeks later. Group B (<i>n =</i> 30) received normal saline as unvaccinated controls. BALB/c, vaccinated and unvaccinated mice were challenged with <i>B. abortus</i> biovar 3 (3 × 10⁷ cells per mouse) at 6 weeks post-vaccination (WPV). Serum antibody levels were assessed at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 WPV using RBPT and i-ELISA. Cellular-mediated immune (CMI) response was evaluated by measuring the skin thickness of vaccinated mice's left and right hind footpads sensitized with <i>B. abortus</i> soluble antigen and PBS, respectively. Bacterial persistence and spleen histopathological lesions were evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 weeks post-challenge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vaccinated mice developed <i>B. abortus</i>-specific serum IgG response from 2 WPV. The highest serum IgG titer was observed in 5-6 WPV (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The skin thickness was significantly higher in the left footpad than the right footpad (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Huge cellular infiltration with mononuclear and polynuclear cells was noticed in the dermis and sub-dermis areas of the left footpad. The spleen weight and bacterial load in the spleen were significantly reduced in vaccinated mice compared to unvaccinated control mice (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The inactivated oil adjuvant <i>B. abortus</i> vaccine induced both humoral and CMI responses, which conferred protection in BALB/c mice against virulent challenge infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"914-923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm protein profile and their correlation with frozen semen quality of indigenous Indonesian buffalo bulls.","authors":"Syahruddin Said, Tulus Maulana, Hikmayani Iskandar, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Isyana Khaerunnisa, Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, Fuad Hasan, Raden Iis Arifiantini","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k836","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to assess sperm motility characteristics, kinematic parameters, and sperm protein molecular weight (MW) in Indonesian buffalo to predict fertility.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Frozen semen from Silangit (4 bulls), Murrah (4 bulls), and Toraya (2 bulls)-aged 7-10 years, was analyzed. Sperm motility was assessed using Computer Assisted Semen Analysis, viability and abnormality were evaluated using eosin-nigrosin staining, plasma membrane integrity was evaluated using the hypoosmotic swelling test, acrosomal status was evaluated using lectin peanut agglutinin, protamine deficiency was evaluated using chromomycin A3, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity was evaluated using Halomax. Protein concentration was determined using the bicinchoninic acid method and characterized with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed breed-specific variations in semen quality. Silangit buffaloes exhibited lower DNA integrity, while Murrah buffaloes showed elevated motility and membrane integrity. Toraya buffaloes displayed higher normal morphology and protamine status, though they had lower viability. Notable differences in protein expression included the presence of SPAG9 and the absence of IZUMO1 in Toraya buffaloes. Protein MW analysis further showed correlations with sperm characteristics. In Murrah buffaloes, proteins within the 130-125 kilodalton (kDa) range were negatively correlated with acrosome integrity, whereas in Toraya buffaloes, proteins within the 55-50 kDa range were negatively correlated with sperm abnormalities. Silangit buffaloes showed a positive correlation between proteins at 32 kDa and sperm abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analyzing protein MW through SDS-PAGE provides a promising approach for assessing semen quality in indigenous Indonesian buffalo bulls. Although the semen quality of the buffaloes in this study was variable, all bulls met the established Indonesian standards for semen quality and exhibited adequate fertilization potential. These results provide valuable insights into the reproductive biology of Indonesian buffalo bulls and form the basis for predicting fertility capacity through a comprehensive analysis of sperm characteristics and molecular profiles of sperm proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"846-855"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of growth-related protein expression of native chicken in low altitude in West Jawa, Indonesia.","authors":"Andi Mushawwir, Lovita Adriani, Ronnie Permana, Johar Arifin, Renato S A Vega","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k839","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the response-ability of local chickens to their rearing habitat, especially at low altitudes, to comprehensively understand the cellular response related to protein growth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Studies of cellular responses related to modulation and growth-related protein salinization for three local Indonesian chicken breeds to low altitudes with high temperatures have been conducted in two locations with altitudes <55 m above sea level. Three hundred local chickens, each consisting of one hundred Sentul, Kedu, and Pelung chickens. During the study, chickens were kept in an intensive system with litter control, equipped with access to play. Blood samples were collected following all standard procedures at the end of the study. Analysis of blood samples has been carried out based on procedures by the protocol on the BioSource KIT and Randox KIT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results of the current study, it appears that the overall cellular response of three local chicken breeds shows differences. Sentul chicken and Pelung chicken have better cellular protein expression responses than Kedu chicken. However, when it comes to body weight growth, it seems that protein irradiation to growth is better in Kedu chicken.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study showed that low altitude with high ambient temperature was better able to be responded to by Kedu chickens, while Sentul and Pelung chickens resulted in both experiencing metabolite shocks, which can be characterized by increased alternative energy provision with creatine phosphate change activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"880-887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh: Current scenario and future outlook.","authors":"Md Zaminur Rahman, Palash Bose, Tanvir Ahamed, Papia Sultana, Md Mukteruz-Zaman, Kazi Abdus Sobur, Mst Minara Khatun, Md Ariful Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k840","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine brucellosis is an enduring and formidable challenge in Bangladesh. In this first comprehensive review, we explored the historical, current, and future perspectives of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in Bangladesh. Data spanning from 1984 to 2023 regarding bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh were gathered from literature, reviews, conference papers, and online reports using various search engines and software tools. We considered 29 published documents and analyzed them thoroughly to evaluate the current status of bovine brucellosis for the present comprehensive review. We also suggest policy and other frameworks to mitigate and control the disease on a national scale. Bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh affects various livestock and poses economic burdens due to reduced milk and meat production with potential risks to human health. Over the past decade (2013-2023), the ruminant population in Bangladesh has increased substantially (between 1.46 and 26.95 million individuals), with goats showing the most significant growth, while financial losses due to bovine brucellosis have risen steadily, emphasizing its economic impact (basis on species between Euro currency 12.824 and 298.272). This review highlights brucellosis prevalence, diagnostic challenges, and traditional management practices contributing to its spread. Our findings indicate that bovine brucellosis was reported and prevalent in mild to severe forms across 26 districts of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has initiated measures such as vaccination and awareness campaigns, but effective control remains challenging due to diverse farming systems and resource constraints. A one-health approach is advocated for future strategies, emphasizing community engagement and multidisciplinary efforts to address the complex challenges posed by bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh, ultimately aiming to safeguard livestock health, public health, and economic stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"888-913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, treatment and pathogens involved in mastitis on a commercial German dairy farm: A retrospective study from 2012 to 2021.","authors":"Tina Kabelitz, Olivier Basole Kashongwe, Marcus Doherr, Ulrich Nübel, Christian Ammon, Pablo Silva Boloña, Orla Keane, Thomas Amon, Barbara Amon","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k837","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mastitis is the most common and costly dairy cow disease worldwide. We performed an intensive analysis of mastitis prevalence, pathogens, and treatments using retrospective data from a commercial dairy farm in Germany to estimate the severity of mastitis in the commercial production system and to give on-farm insights.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Milking system data and cow-individual data were collected over 9 years (2012-2021). A resilient amount of data from 1537 cows, >1,000 mastitis infections, 1901 pathogens, and 5729 treatments have been analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mastitis occurrence was highest in summer (45.0%), in first lactation (51.1%), and in the late lactation stage (36.7%). The relative mastitis frequency increased sharply with a high lactation number (>7). The leading pathogens causing mastitis were coagulase-negative staphylococci (28.3%). Approximately 25% of mastitis cases were treated with non-antibiotic medicine and 75% with antibiotics. For the latter, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides were the most administered. The average mastitis treatment duration was 3.48 days. During the study time, the farm changed from a conventional milking system to an automatic milking system in 2015, which has not negatively affected the number of recorded mastitis infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report gives detailed insights about mastitis incidences gained under practical conditions. Novel information about mastitis drug usage and duration is presented. Potential mastitis risk factors identified from the results of this study were the summer season, first or >7 lactation(s), and the late lactation stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"856-868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a plant-based flavonoid blend in diet for growth, nutrient digestibility, gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and meat quality in broilers.","authors":"Shathi Akter, Md Aliar Rahman, Mahbubul Pratik Siddique, Md Abul Hashem, Rakhi Chowdhury","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k848","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the optimal doses of a flavonoid blend (FB) for enhancing cost-efficient production, digestibility, gut-beneficial microbiota, serum metabolites, and meat quality in broilers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For 35 days, 280-day-old chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly allocated to four groups, each containing 70 birds, with 5 replicates. Birds were given FB (gm/kg) at the levels of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 in a basal diet (corn-soya-based) and designated as the control, 0.2 FB, 0.4 FB, and 0.6 FB groups, respectively. At 35 days, 15 birds from each group were slaughtered to analyze cecum microbiota, serum profiles, meat, and bone quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control, birds given FB linearly showed better feed intake and overall performance, with the optimum results observed in 0.6 FB. Birds fed FB resulted in linear, quadratic, and cubic improvements in digestibility, with the 0.6 FB group presenting 12% more (<i>p</i> < 0.01) crude protein digestibility than the control. Birds offered either 0.4 FB or 0.6 FB increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) the population of beneficial bacteria while reducing (<i>p</i> < 0.01) pathogenic bacteria in the cecum compared to the control. Birds fed 0.6 FB showed substantial improvements in beneficial serum metabolites and liver health, along with reduced bad cholesterol compared with the control. Although FB was unaffected (<i>p</i> > 0.05) by dressed yield, meat composition, lightness, or bone characteristics, the 0.6 FB group showed substantially (<i>p</i> < 0.01) more meat redness and bone ash percentage in broilers than in the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Supplementing 0.6 gm FB/kg of diet improved growth performance, enhanced digestibility, increased beneficial gut microbiota and serum metabolites, and ameliorated meat quality in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"979-988"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The frozen-thawed sperm protein of Indonesian Toraya buffaloes is significantly associated with sperm kinematics, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential.","authors":"Tulus Maulana, Syahruddin Said, Raden Iis Arifiantini, Jakaria Jakaria, Asep Gunawan","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k838","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to characterize frozen-thawed sperm proteins and their correlation with sperm kinematics, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in Indonesian Toraya buffalo bulls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Semen was obtained from six Toraya buffaloes classified as Saleko and Bonga 4-10 years old. The frozen semen was analyzed for sperm motility, sperm kinematics, viability, abnormalities, membrane integrity, intact acrosome, MMP, DNA integrity, and sperm protamine (PRM) deficiency. Sperm protein concentration (Prot. Con) was determined by the bicinchoninic acid, and protein molecular weight (MW) was determined using 1D sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with 4%-20% gradient gel and 6.5-240 kDa protein marker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study showed that the quality of frozen semen from Toraya buffalo bulls is in a good category and suitable for use in artificial insemination programs. The sperm quality differed significantly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) between individuals, immunofluorescence examination of intact acrosome, PRM deficiency, intact MMP, and intact DNA showed no significant difference (<i>p <</i> 0.05)<i>.</i> Pearson correlations in this study showed that sperm Prot. Con has a significant correlation (<i>p <</i> 0.05) with acrosome integrity. The sperm protein band (Prot. Band) correlated significantly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) with sperm kinematic parameters and intact MMP. The average sperm Prot. Con of Toraya buffalo was 77.29 <i>±</i> 39.26 µg/ml and 4-13 Prot. Bands with 6-240 kDa of MW were detected, with Prot. Bands of 16, 50, 70, and 115 kDa having higher intensity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frozen-thawed sperm protein is correlated with sperm kinematics, acrosome integrity, and MMP. The proteins were found to correlate with sperm quality and fertility in Toraya buffalo bulls.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"869-879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, and fumonisin B1 detoxification from poultry feeds by corona discharge application.","authors":"Hiba S Alnaemi, Tamara N Dawood, Qais Th Algwari","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k834","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The efficiency of corona discharge (CD) for detoxification of aflatoxin B1 (AB1), ochratoxin A (OA), and fumonisin B1 (FMB1) from poultry feeds with its influences on feed components was investigated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Feed samples were exposed to CD for six durations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min) at three distances (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 cm). Mycotoxin levels were estimated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and findings were substantiated by high-performance liquid chromatography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AB1, OA, and FMB1 degradation percentages increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with processing times increment and distances reduction to reach values of 83.22%, 84.21%, and 84.76% at the first distance; 80.28%, 84.00%, and 84.12% at the second distance; and 68.30%, 71.74%, and 76.18% at the third distance, respectively, after 60 min of treatment. FMB1 reported the highest degradation level. Concerning CD impacts on feed composition, protein, fat, and moisture contents decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Carbohydrates and ash were not affected adversely. Depending on peroxide values estimation, fats were of good quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CD effectiveness for AB1, OA, and FMB1 detox from poultry feeds with moderate impact on the quality of feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"819-834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of sperm motility, acrosome integrity, protamine deficiency, and DNA fragmentation in proven and unproven Friesian Holstein bulls.","authors":"Ristika Handarini, Abdullah Baharun, Annisa Rahmi, Deden Sudrajat, Anggraeni Anggraeni, Nurcholis Nurcholis, Hikmayani Iskandar, Tulus Maulana, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Saiful Anwar, Syahruddin Said","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k831","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The evaluation of frozen semen quality is an essential aspect in determining male fertility for artificial insemination programs. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of Friesian Holstein (FH) bull-frozen semen in different classes (proven and unproven) based on protein profiling and molecular evaluation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study used frozen semen straws from FH bulls selected according to criteria for proven (6 individuals) and unproven (6 individuals) bulls produced by the Singosari AI Center (AIC). Sperm motility parameters were assessed using Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA Supervision^®, Germany), while sperm viability and abnormality were evaluated through eosin-nigrosin staining under a microscope at 400´ magnifications. The integrity of the sperm plasma membrane was determined using the hypoosmotic swelling test, and acrosome integrity was analyzed using the fluorescein isothiocyanate PNA-propidium iodide staining method. Protamine deficiency was quantified using Chromomycin A3 fluorescence staining, while DNA fragmentation was assessed using the acridine orange technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the assessed parameters of frozen semen quality between FH-proven and unproven bulls. Furthermore, in FH-proven bulls, a negative correlation was observed between protamine deficiency and acrosome integrity (<i>r</i> = -0.528) and between protamine deficiency and sperm DNA fragmentation (<i>r</i> = -0.467). The parameters of protamine deficiency in unproven bulls exhibited a positive correlation with sperm progressive motility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frozen semen quality of FH bulls in different classes (proven and unproven) was found to be equally good. Molecular-based analysis allows for a more accurate determination of semen quality. These findings are significant for bull breeding stations when comprehensively evaluating semen quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 3","pages":"796-802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}