Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing water additives during live transportation of Pangasius catfish (<i>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</i>): Effects on water quality, bacterial regrowth, and stress response.","authors":"Md Nurul Haider, Md Nazmul Islam Rifat, Maliha Afsana, Abdul Kader Jilani, Md Adil Mahfuz, Md Mubarack Hossain","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1049","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> In Bangladesh, Pangasius catfish (<i>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</i>) is commonly transported live from production sites to retail markets. Poor water quality and bacterial regrowth during transportation pose major challenges for animal welfare and fish quality. <b>Objectives:</b> This study evaluated the effects of some water additives such as salt (NaCl), Electromin Saline (ES), and methylene blue (MB) on water quality parameters, bacterial regrowth, and stress responses of Pangasius catfish during live transportation. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Two experimental trials were conducted: an on-farm trial under controlled conditions and a field trial during commercial transport. In both the trials, tanks containing live fish were treated with additives individually and in combination, while untreated tanks served as controls. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, viable bacterial counts, and blood glucose were measured. <b>Results:</b> Treated tanks showed improved water quality, reduced ammonia accumulation, and significantly lower bacterial regrowth compared with controls. Blood glucose levels were also reduced in treated fish, indicating reduced physiological stress during transportation. Among the treatments, 2.0 ppt salt, 2.0 ppt ES, and their combinations with MB (1.0 ppm) effectively improved water quality, suppressed bacterial regrowth, and reduced transportation-induced stress during live transportation of Pangasius catfish. <b>Conclusions:</b> Salt and ES at 2.0 ppt, alone or combined with methylene blue, can effectively be used during live fish transportation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"471-481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and hematological parameters of BAU black and white duck of Bangladesh.","authors":"Maksuda Aktar, Krishna Chandra Barman, Pranto Saha, Abu Jofar Mohammad Ferdaus, Mohammad Alam Miah, Mohammad Shamsul Alam Bhuiyan","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1060","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Protein is a vital element in poultry diets for growth, muscle and feather development, and overall health. This study aimed to optimize the amount of crude protein (CP) in the ration of BAU Black and White crossbred ducks for better growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 264-day-old ducklings were randomly and equally distributed into four treatments allocating 16.50% (T₁), 18.00% (T₂), 19.50% (T₃) and 21.00% (T₄) CP in the ration. Live weight and feed intake data were measured weekly. At 10 weeks of age, 24 blood samples were collected from 4 treatments for investigating hematological parameters, and those ducks were slaughtered for analysis of carcass characteristics and meat quality. <b>Results:</b> Body weight differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) from the 3^rd to 10^th weeks, and at the 4^th, 6^th, 8^th, and 10^th weeks of age, there were significant (<i>p</i> < 0.01) differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG) among the treatments. T₃ (19.50%) showed the highest live weight, ADG, and better FCR among the treatments. Carcass traits such as carcass weight, breast meat weight, giblet weight, and head weight showed significantly better in Treatment T₃. Meat quality analysis depicted significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in drip loss and cooking loss parameters only in the breast meat, while lightness attributes (L*) of meat color differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for thigh muscles. Besides, among the investigated hematological parameters, only total erythrocyte count (TEC) varied significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirmed a 19.50% dietary CP level for optimum growth, carcass yield, and meat quality that could be utilized in the rearing of BAU Black and White ducks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"579-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and nutritional value of milk from Creole goats fed with different levels of sweet potato vine flour (<i>Ipomoea batata</i>).","authors":"Fritz Trillo-Zárate, Emmanuel Alexander Sessarego, Irene Acosta, José Ruíz-Chamorro, Aníbal Rodríguez-Vargas, Juancarlos Cruz","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1051","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> In South America, goats largely depend on natural pastures, which often lack adequate nutrition. This innovative study ventured into uncharted areas by examining the potential of incorporating sweet potato vine flour (SPVF) into goat diets, specifically focusing on its effects on both the quantity and quality of milk produced. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A carefully monitored cohort of twelve female Creole goats, aged between 2 and 3 years, participated in a sophisticated completely randomized factorial design study. The research assessed varying levels of SPVF inclusion-spanning from the control group to significant incorporations of 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5%-observed meticulously over an eight-week period. <b>Results:</b> The primary variables under detailed examination included daily milk yield, body weight, and milk quality. The latter underwent precise evaluation utilizing the advanced Milko Scan \"FOSS\". Notably, the highest milk yield of 411 ± 7.92 ml/day was recorded at the 7.5% flour inclusion level, resulting in a statistically significant increase (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the control group. Interestingly, an inclusion level of just 2.5% significantly enhanced the protein content to 3.84 ± 0.0159% and increased lactose levels to 4.54 ± 0.108%, with significant deviations in protein levels observed (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> SPVF improved milk production, but over 5% altered nutrition. Replacing corn with discarded sweet potato tubers is key for boosting milk production for small-scale goat farmers in Perú.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"491-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>)-fermented moist feed for improving growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of broiler chickens.","authors":"Md Abu Rayhan, Jesmin Aktar, Shahnur Rahman Sohag, Mohammad Al-Mamun, Md Abul Hashem, Momota Rani Debi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1043","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Despite numerous studies on <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, most focus on single-ingredient fermentation, with limited applicability to fermented complete moist feed with gradual replacement of the control diet. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of different inclusion levels of yeast-fermented moist feed on the overall productivity of broiler chicken. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Corn-soy-based mash feed was fermented for 48 h at 29 °C in a controlled environment with 2% yeast and 40% water. A feeding trial was conducted with 300 Indian River day-old chicks for a period of 35 days. Birds were divided into five dietary treatment groups: CD = Control Diet; YFM-25 = 75% Control + 25% yeast-fermented moist feed; YFM-50 = 50% Control + 50% yeast-fermented moist feed; YFM-75 = 25% Control + 75% yeast-fermented moist feed; YFM-100 = 100% yeast-fermented moist feed having six replications (10 birds/replication). <b>Results:</b> Broilers fed with 75% and 100% yeast-fermented moist feed had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) better growth performance, higher final body weights (1843 gm and 1860 gm), improved FCR (1.76 and 1.73), and carcass traits with increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) dressing percentages and higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) meat yields in certain cuts than the other treatment groups. Additionally, incorporating 100% fermented moist feed improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) nutrient digestibility, bone mineralization, and meat quality, including higher crude protein and lower fat content (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This study also demonstrated that 100% yeast-fermented moist feed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced production costs and increased profit margins. <b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, incorporating yeast-fermented moist feed, especially at 75% and 100% levels, offers an effective natural strategy to improve broiler performance, enhance meat quality, and increase economic returns.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"408-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of tannins as a phytogenic additive effect on <i>in vitro</i> enteric methane emissions in ruminants: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Ana Karen Frutis-Moto, Gregorio Álvarez-Fuentes, Mendoza D German, César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernández, Luis Octavio Negrete-Sanchez, Alfonso Chay-Canul, Héctor Aarón Lee-Rangel","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1046","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to quantify the effects of dietary tannins on <i>in vitro</i> methane emissions and to develop substrate-specific predictive equations for methane estimation in ruminants. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, including studies published between 2010 and 2024 in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. A total of 32 studies (213 observations) met the inclusion criteria and were classified into foliage (<i>n</i> = 130) and forage (<i>n</i> = 83) datasets. Pearson correlations and stepwise regression models were developed using 75% of the data and validated with the remaining 25%. <b>Results:</b> Tannin concentrations showed high variability (0.40-391.00 gm/kg DM). In foliage, methane emissions were negatively correlated with condensed tannins (<i>r</i> = -0.40; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas in forages, total tannins showed a positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.27; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Predictive models demonstrated moderate accuracy, with higher performance in forage (R² = 54.61%; RMSEP = 0.13) compared to foliage (R² = 28.45%; RMSEP = 0.53). These contrasting responses highlight a strong substrate-dependent effect of tannins on methanogenesis. <b>Conclusions:</b> Methane mitigation is influenced not only by tannin concentration, particularly condensed tannins, but also by substrate type and chemical composition. This study provides a novel substrate-specific predictive framework integrating tannin fractions and bromatological variables, offering a practical tool for rapid screening of antimethanogenic feed resources. However, model accuracy could be improved by incorporating physiological and fermentation-related variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"440-448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related differences in sperm chromatin packaging and protein profiles based on SDS-PAGE in Bali bulls (<i>Bos javanicus</i>).","authors":"Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Hikmayani Iskandar, Mirni Lamid, Mohammad Anam Al Arif, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari, Rimayanti Rimayanti, Tulus Maulana, Vincentia Trisna Yoelinda, Siti Rani Ayuti, Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1053","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study evaluated the effect of advancing age on sperm chromatin integrity and protamine status and also evaluated sperm protein profiles based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in Bali bulls (<i>Bos javanicus</i>). The study also examined the relationship between chromatin integrity parameters and sperm motility to provide insights into molecular determinants of sperm quality supporting sustainable cattle production and food security. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Eight Bali bulls maintained at an artificial insemination center were divided into two groups: bulls younger than 10 years (<i>n</i> = 4) and bulls older than 10 years (<i>n</i> = 4). Sperm motility parameters were evaluated using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Chromatin integrity was assessed through acrosome integrity, DNA fragmentation, and protamine status using microscopic staining techniques, including chromomycin A3 (CMA3). Sperm protein profiles were analyzed using SDS-PAGE followed by densitometric analysis with ImageJ. Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample <i>t</i>-tests and Pearson correlation. <b>Results:</b> Bulls older than 10 years showed significantly higher progressive motility (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and protamine status (<i>p</i> = 0.03) than younger bulls, while acrosome integrity and DNA fragmentation were not significantly different. A strong positive relationship was observed between protamine status and progressive motility (R² = 0.72, <i>p</i> = 0.007). SDS-PAGE revealed several protein bands, with the ~10-11 kDa band showing significantly higher intensity in older bulls (<i>p</i> = 0.007). <b>Conclusions:</b> Advancing age in Bali bulls was associated with improved protamine-mediated chromatin packaging and higher progressive sperm motility. Integrating chromatin integrity assessment with sperm protein profiling may support more effective bull selection strategies and contribute to improved cattle reproduction and food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"510-521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary humic substances on rumen fermentation, blood parameters, immune function, milk composition, and mammary health in periparturient dairy cows.","authors":"Šimon Halás, František Zigo, Andrej Récky, Zuzana Lacková, Zuzana Farkašová, Juliana Arvaiová, Petra Timkovičová-Lacková, Dagmar Mudroňová, Jana Záhumenská, Ewa Pecka-Kielb, Aleš Pavlík, Mária Schilling-Tóth Boglárka","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1056","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The present trial aimed to evaluate the impact of humic substances (HS) on rumen fermentation, blood and immunological parameters, milk yield and composition, and mastitis incidence in dairy cows during the first 50 days of lactation. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Sixty healthy pregnant Slovak spotted cows in the 2 months preceding calving were allocated to two groups (30 cows per group). The control group (C-group) received total mixed ration (TMR) without HS, while the experimental group (HS-group) received HS at a dose of 100 gm/day per cow for 60 days antepartum (d.a.p.) and 8 days postpartum (d.p.p.). <b>Results:</b> HS supplementation increased ruminal pH and the acetate-to-propionate ratio (C2:C3; 3.46% vs. 2.56%), while ammonia concentrations decreased on the 8^th d.p.p. At the same time, animals treated with HS showed reduced serum and milk urea levels. Furthermore, milk protein and non-fat dry matter content increased, while somatic cell count (SCC) decreased. This was reflected in fewer udder quarters infected with mastitis pathogens in the HS group on 8^th d.p.p. The positive effect of HS supplementation was associated with a favorable modulation of the ruminal fermentation pattern and reduced irritation by pathogenic bacteria, leading to decreased blood leukocyte concentrations and reduced phagocytic capacity and engulfing ability on 8^th d.p.p. in the HS group. <b>Conclusions:</b> As demonstrated in our study, HS can be efficiently used as a promising organic additive in the TMR for both dry and fresh cows as part of a comprehensive herd health program.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"538-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study on the effects of preventive hoof trimming on acute stress and behavioral parameters in non-lame dairy cows.","authors":"Mohammed Babatunde Sadiq, Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon, Rozaihan Mansor, Wan Mastura Mohamed Shaik Mossadeq, Sharifah Salmah Syed-Hussain","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1058","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study investigated the effects of hoof trimming (HT) on locomotion scores, behavioral activities, cortisol levels, and milk yield in non-lame cows. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 20 healthy Australian Friesian Sahiwal cows with normal gait and without hoof lesions were randomly allocated to 2 groups: TRIM (<i>n</i> = 10) and Control (<i>n</i> = 10). All the feet of cows in the TRIM group were trimmed using the five-step Dutch method, while the control group underwent sham trimming by restraining the limbs. Blood samples were collected before and after HT (immediately and on days 0, 1, and 2) and analyzed for serum cortisol levels. The locomotion scores, time spent lying down, feeding, and standing were also recorded using installed video cameras. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance. <b>Results:</b> Cortisol levels were not different (<i>p</i> > 0.05) before HT but increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in both groups immediately after HT. TRIM recorded a significantly higher cortisol level and time spent lying down on days 1 and 2 post-HT compared to the control group. No significant difference was detected in the locomotion scores, milk yield, and time spent standing and feeding between the groups at all time points. <b>Conclusions:</b> Preventive HT may elicit acute stress in dairy cows even in the absence of claw lesions. Ensuring cows are able to express their normal behaviors, particularly lying down, may assist in ameliorating the acute stress associated with HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"563-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing cryopreservation performance in semen quality of Bali bulls (<i>Bos sondaicus</i>) using tris-nano-liposome extender.","authors":"Muhammad Gunawan, Tulus Maulana, Hikmayani Iskandar, Johana Dian Rahayu, Raden Iis Arifiantini, Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja, Mohamad Agus Setiadi, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Syahruddin Said, Dedi Junian, Marianto Syam, Achmad Setiono, Anny Amalia, Akbar Akbar, Taufik Ridwan Musafak","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1038","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Post-thaw semen quality in Bali bulls is largely determined by the extender used during cryopreservation. Conventional tris egg yolk-based extenders (TEY) are widely used in bovine semen freezing; however, their effectiveness may be limited by variability in biochemical composition and potential biosecurity concerns. Tris-nano-liposome-based extenders (TNL) have recently emerged as a promising alternative due to their membrane-stabilizing properties and improved cryoprotective efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of TEY and TNL extenders in maintaining post-thaw semen quality in Bali bulls. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Semen samples from nine Bali bulls were assessed for macroscopic characteristics, microscopic parameters, and kinematic traits using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed to explore parameter relationships and distinguish responses between extenders. <b>Results:</b> Both extenders maintained satisfactory post-thaw sperm quality, with no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) observed in total motility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and DNA fragmentation. The kinematic parameters remained within optimal ranges, indicating preserved progressive and curvilinear movement patterns. Multivariate analyses identified motility and membrane integrity as the primary contributors to variation in semen quality. Furthermore, the TNL extender produced more stable and homogeneous responses than TEY. <b>Conclusions:</b> The TNL extender demonstrated cryoprotective performance comparable to that of the conventional TEY extender while offering advantages in clarity, biosecurity, and compositional consistency. These findings indicate that TNL represents a promising alternative extender for bovine semen cryopreservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"361-371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-induced cardiac remodeling in farm dogs: A comparative echocardiographic and electrocardiographic study.","authors":"Nantawan Yatbantoong, Nattaphol Muangthong, Soontaree Petchdee","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1055","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To compare cardiac structure and function of healthy indoor dogs, healthy active farm dogs, and indoor dogs with structural heart disease, and to investigate whether cardiovascular differences are lifestyle-related. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Thirty-nine client-owned dogs (1-15 years old) were enrolled between January and March 2026. Dogs were grouped into healthy indoor dogs (<i>n</i> = 10), active farm dogs (<i>n</i> = 14), and indoor dogs with structural heart disease (<i>n</i> = 15). Physical exam, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography were performed in all dogs. Continuous variables were tested for statistical significance, with <i>p</i> < 0.05 indicating significance. <b>Results:</b> Active farm dogs had significantly reduced resting heart rates in comparison to healthy indoor and diseased indoor dogs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Echocardiography showed that farm dogs had larger normalized left ventricular inner measurements and smaller relative wall thickness than that in healthy indoor dogs (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating eccentric remodeling. However, the farm dogs were also significantly younger and heavier (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Dogs with heart disease had significantly greater left atrial size and differed in functional indices from those in the healthy group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cardiac murmurs occurred in all groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Cardiac morphology and functional features differed among dogs with different lifestyles and disease severity. Active farm dogs showed signs of physiological eccentric remodeling, although this might have been moderated by age, body size, and breed. Echocardiography remains essential for differentiating structural heart disease from physiological variation. Further study is required on the different effects of exercise on cardiac remodeling in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"530-537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}