Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Marine macroalgae (<i>Enteromorpha intestinalis</i>) for improving the growth performance, meat quality traits, and serum biochemical parameters in broilers.","authors":"Latifa Akter, Md Abul Kalam, Ummay Ayman, Rafiqul Islam, Morsheda Nasrin, Sonali Bhakta, Md Abul Hashem, Ziaul Haque","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k802","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of green macroalgae as a novel, natural feed additive for broilers that have a greater concentration of active ingredients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four experimental groups of 180-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly assigned, with three replicates in each group: the control group [T0, maintained only with basal diet] and three treatment groups supplemented with macroalgae for 35 days along with basal diet [T1 = 0.05% (w/w); T2 = 0.1% (w/w); T3 = 0.2% (w/w) macroalgae]. Live weight, carcass weight, and organs' weight were noted at the conclusion of the experiment. The meat quality was examined using the muscles of the thighs and breasts, and blood serum was obtained for biochemical assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that dietary supplementation of green macroalgae (0.1%) in broiler rations significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) improved the growth performance compared to other treated groups and controls. With increasing weight, it enhanced meat quality traits assessed by increased water holding capacity, ultimate pH, redness and yellowness, and decreased lightness of muscles in the thighs and breasts. Both the levels of serum cholesterol and abdominal fat decreased and showed no unwholesome effects on liver and kidney functions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For the production of safe and high-quality poultry meat, marine green macroalgae (<i>Enteromorpha intestinalis</i>) could be used as a potential feed additive. It enhanced the growth rate in broilers and improved meat quality and serum biochemical parameters for supplying healthy meat in the human food chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staining patterns of PNA and UEA-I lectins in the postnatal developing male genital excurrent duct epithelium in mice.","authors":"Md Royhan Gofur, Kazushige Ogawa","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k801","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research was aimed at determining the staining patterns of Peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) lectin in postnatal developing (day 1 to 8 weeks) male genital excurrent duct epithelium in mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Lectin staining was performed on testis and epididymis of 1-day-old and 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 8-week-old ICR mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rete testis epithelia were UEA-I- and PNA-negative at all postnatal ages. PNA lectin unclearly stained the epithelial apical surface in efferent ductules (ED) and ductus epididymis up to 2 weeks, while UEA-I was negative in those epithelia. By contrast, at 3 weeks of age, PNA and/or UEA-I turned to clearly label epithelia in the excurrent duct system. At 5 weeks, efferent ductules epithelium was UEA-I-negative but strongly PNA-positive; segment I was PNA-negative but faintly UEA-I positive; segment II was weakly PNA-positive but strongly UEA-I-positive; segment III was strongly-PNA- and UEA-I-positive; segment IV was weakly UEA-I-positive but strongly PNA-positive; and segment V was faintly UEA-I-positive but strongly PNA-positive. At 5 and 8 weeks (the adult), the staining patterns of PNA and UEA-I lectins were nearly identical. Moreover, an increasing staining intensity was observed in both lectins with the advancement of age until 5 weeks of age. Additionally, it was noted that, with the exception of segment I, the staining intensity of PNA gradually increased while that of UEA-I gradually decreased towards the distal section of the ductus epididymis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lectin PNA and UEA-I staining, in conclusion, indicated epithelial segments in the male genital duct of mice from the postnatal developing age of 3 weeks, and up until 5 weeks, their staining patterns were nearly identical to those in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phaneroptic characterization and zoometric indices of Creole goats in the Ayacucho Region, Peru: First step for breeding programs, selection, and conservation.","authors":"Walter Palomino-Guerrera, Yeferson Laimes Estrada, David Godoy Padilla, Juancarlos Cruz Luis, Fritz Trillo Zárate","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k799","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and typification of Creole goats in five localities of the Ayacucho region in south-central Peru.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from 149 goats (25 males and 124 females) were collected, excluding animals under 2 years of age, pregnant, and sick. Seven qualitative characteristics and 11 zometric measurements were evaluated, and then 9 zometric indices were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the region, goats with composite colors predominated (76.50%). Additionally, supernumerary (24.20%) and divergent teats (22.60%) were observed in females, while males exhibited a scrotal bifurcation (32.00%). The origin of the flock had a significant effect <i>(p</i> < 0.05) on body measurements, as well as on pelvic index, transverse pelvic index, longitudinal pelvic index, compactness index, and load cannon bone index, except for body index (BOI), proportionality index, dactyl thorax index (DTI), and relative cannon bone thickness index (<<i>p</i> > 0.05). In the Ayacucho region, there is a predominance of light animals (57.72%) with a significant DTI (<<i>p</i> < 0.05) among the populations, including goats with good balance and capable of walking long distances. Furthermore, there are compact animals (47.65%) with a significant BOI (<<i>p</i> < 0.05) among the flock populations, which animals are of the biotype of meat. Conversely, the strongest positive correlation (<<i>r</i> = 0.89) was discovered between chest girth and body weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the Ayacucho region, there are various creole goat biotypes range from light to very compact heavy goats, with a predominance of meat biotype animals, as well as a marked size dimorphism between localities of origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective potentials of polymyxin B and honey against bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in mice.","authors":"Ferdous Hasan Mithun, Md Eftakhar Jahan Bhuiyan, Md Golzar Hossain, Chirojit Debnath, K H M Nazmul Hussain Nazir, Sharmin Akter","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k800","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The experiment aimed to determine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polymyxin B, and honey on survival rates, hematological parameters, liver and kidney biomarkers, blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, and histopathology of the liver, kidney, lungs, brain, and pancreas in LPS-challenged mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>50 male Swiss Albino mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>), aged 3 weeks, were randomly assigned into 5 groups (10 mice per group): Control group (A), LPS (2 mg/kg bwt/day IP in NS) treated group (B), polymyxin B (1.2 mg/kg bwt/day IM) pre-treated plus LPS (2 mg/kg bwt/day IP in NS) treated group (C), honey (10 gm/kg bwt/day PO) pre-treated plus LPS (2 mg/kg bwt/day IP in NS) treated group (D), both polymyxin B (1.2 mg/kg bwt/day IM) and honey (10 gm/kg bwt/day PO) pre-treated plus LPS (2 mg/kg bwt/day IP in NS) treated group (E). The LPS was administered intraperitoneally (IP) at 80 µg/mice/day, diluting in normal saline. After 16 weeks, the mice were sacrificed, and blood samples and organs (liver, kidney, lung, brain, and pancreas) were collected for laboratory tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that in LPS-treated mice, the mortality rate was the highest, and hemato-biochemical parameters were altered. Histopathological examination in the group treated with LPS showed disarrangement of hepatocytes, cellular infiltrations in the glomerulus, alveolar congestion in the lungs, several nerve fiber degenerations in the brain, and degenerative changes in pancreatic islets. The mortality rate and hemato-biochemical and histopathological changes were restored by the combined treatment of polymyxin B and honey.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LPS has detrimental effects on survival rate and hemato-biochemistry, which are lessened by taking honey and polymyxin B supplements.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement of animal and poultry nutrition: Harnessing the power of CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology.","authors":"Mahbuba Akther Mishu, Sabuj Kanti Nath, M Sohidullah, Md Taslim Hossain","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k798","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CRISPR-associated proteins and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas) technology has emerged as a groundbreaking advancement in animal and poultry nutrition to improve feed conversion efficiency, enhance disease resistance, and improve the nutritional quality of animal products. Despite significant advancements, there is a research gap in the systematic understanding and comprehensive use of the CRISPR-Cas method in animal and poultry nutrition. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the latest advancements in animal and poultry nutrition through CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology, focusing on gene manipulation in metabolism, immunity, and growth. Following preferred reporting items in meta-analysis and systematic reviews guidelines, we conducted a systematic search using several databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, until May 2024, and finally, we included a total of 108 articles in this study. This article explores the use of the CRISPR-Cas system in the advancement of feed additives like probiotics and enzymes, which could reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production. Furthermore, the article discusses ethical and regulatory issues related to gene editing in animal and poultry nutrition, including concerns about animal welfare, food safety, and environmental impacts. Overall, the CRISPR-Cas system holds substantial promise to overcome the challenges in modern animal agriculture. By enriching the nutritional quality of animal products, increasing disease resistance, and improving feed efficiency, it offers sustainable and cost-effective solutions that can revolutionize animal and poultry nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiogram profiling and detection of <i>icaA</i> and <i>blaZ</i> genes from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. of healthy bovine raw milk sample origin.","authors":"Asmaul Husna, Md Arefin Kallol, Farhana Binte Ferdous, Khudaza Akter Lima, Zannatul Haque Tumpa, Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan, Marzia Rahman","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k795","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study focused on the antibiogram profiling of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp<i>.</i> (CoNS) and the detection of <i>icaA</i> and <i>blaZ</i> genes from bovine raw milk samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Bovine milk samples were collected from dairy farms, and <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. were isolated and identified via conventional and molecular screening. Disk diffusion test (DDT) was implemented to determine the resistance pattern. Biofilm and β-lactamase-producing <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. were identified via amplification of the <i>icaA</i> and <i>blaZ</i> genes. Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and CoNS were identified by DDT and PCR of the <i>mecA</i> gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 63 samples, 35 were confirmed as <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., of which 16 (25.39%) <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were coagulase-positive, while 19 (30.16%) were negative. PCR confirmed that 50% (8/16) of <i>S. aureus</i> and 36.84% (7/19) of CoNS possessed the <i>icaA</i> gene. All <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were found resistant to penicillin-G (P) both phenotypically and genotypically. The isolates were also resistant to erythromycin (ERY) and oxytetracycline (TET). While CoNS showed high to reduced resistance against P, TET, ERY, and azithromycin, no <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, while 10.53% of CoNS isolates were. All <i>S. aureus</i> and CoNS isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and gentamicin. MR was exhibited by 37.5% of <i>S. aureus</i> and 42.10% of CoNS isolates. Moreover, <i>S. aureus</i> and CoNS had 56.25% and 52.63% multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study revealed the presence of a biofilm-producing, MDR staphylococcal strain in milk that might endanger consumers. Routine surveillance and monitoring, along with antimicrobial resistance learning, can reduce risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of smokeless nicotine on blood physiology, biochemical, and histological alterations using <i>Labeo rohita</i> as a model organism.","authors":"Shabbir Ahmad, Hasnain Akmal, Sajid Ali, Kamran Jafar, Muhammad Shoaib, Muqadas Shahzadi, Iqra Akram, Taqi Shahid Jaffari, Irfan Ahmad, Arva Mehmood, Khurram Shahzad","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k796","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present research was conducted to evaluate the negative effects of nicotine powder on the blood physiology, and biochemical and histological alterations of <i>Labeo rohita.</i></p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fish were divided into four groups (1-4). Fish groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to different concentrations of nicotine, such as 0.75, 1.25, and 1.75 mg/l, while group 1 acted as a control. To find out the long-term impact of nicotine on body physiology, we conducted a 42-day experiment. After the completion of the experiment, hematology, biochemical assays, and histology were done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed a considerable increase in HGB, red blood cells, WBCs, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width -SD, procalcitonin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, globulin, thyroid stimulating hormone, BUN, creatinine, and blood glucose levels, whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, RDW, platelet, high-density lipoprotein, albumin, total proteins, and T₃ levels were significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) decreased in exposed fish as compared to control group fish. Histological alterations showed that exposure to smokeless nicotine causes deleterious and degenerative effects in the liver, kidney, and gills of exposed fish.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nicotine administration in fish results in adverse effects on different biochemical and hematological parameters and causes histological alterations in some vital organs of exposed fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection and genotyping of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Selangor, Malaysia.","authors":"Nurulhidayah Khalid, Siti Suri Arshad, Nurhusien Yimer Degu, Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon, Mohammed Babatunde Sadiq","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k797","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) disease is a viral infection in cows caused by a single-stranded plus-sense RNA virus of the <i>Pestivirus</i> genus under the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family. The clinical manifestation of BVD mainly includes diarrhea and immunosuppression, thereby exacerbating various respiratory diseases. This study was conducted to detect and molecularly characterize the bovine viral diarrhea disease virus (BVDV) in cattle on selected farms in Selangor, Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for antigen detection in 253 plasma samples collected from cows using a cross-sectional study design. We selected the 5 untranslated regions (5'-UTR) region and the E2 region to compare the genetic differences between the isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One sample was found to be positive (1/253) following RT-PCR targeting the conserved 5'-UTR region of BVDV. Thus, BVDV antigen prevalence was 0.40% (95% confidence interval: 0.0%-2.2%). By targeting the hypervariable E2 region of the isolated virus, UPM/MAL/BVDV/D17, the virus was classified under the subgenotype BVDV-1a.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BVDV is present and circulating on selected cattle farms in Selangor, Malaysia. Given the presence of BVDV in several subgenotypes, the screening of all incoming cattle at Malaysia's border is pertinent to prevent the entry of other BVDV subgenotypes into the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective role of virgin coconut oil on potent biochemical biomarkers in Wistar rat model of comorbid depression.","authors":"Chitra Pai Kulyadi, Anupama Noojibail, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Sowndarya Kollampare, Prameela Manoor Dass","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k794","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic stress arises from stressful situations in day-to-day life that are ignored or managed incorrectly. Long-term stress can have negative effects, especially when it plays a role in the development of neurological illnesses. Severe stress can also negatively impact emotional well-being. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has numerous health advantages. The aim of this study was to assess how VCO affected the biochemical and behavioral characteristics of Wistar albino rats exposed to chronic, unpredictable stress.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Healthy Wistar albino rats (150-200 gm) were split into two groups: experimental group and control group. Based on stress exposure and treatment with VCO and antidepressants, they were further divided into various subgroups. A chronic, unpredictable stress procedure was given for 21 days. After the experimental procedure, the rats were anesthetized, and through a cardiac puncture, blood was collected. The liver and brain were dissected to estimate different biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VCO proved to be a protective agent against chronic, unpredictable stress-induced changes in the biochemical parameters, hepatic enzyme activity, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VCO might be helpful as an effective natural treatment that can be utilized to effectively combat chronic, unpredictable stress-induced changes in brain and liver tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of animal leptospirosis in Kazakhstan.","authors":"Zhumagul Kirkimbayeva, Birzhan Biyashev, Svetlana Yermagambetova, Gulnur Kuzembekova, Bek Abdeliev","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k793","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the paper was to monitor the disease incidence in farm and wild animals in some areas of Kazakhstan, which are most susceptible to leptospirosis, and the typification of isolated pathogens, carried out under the scientific and technical program \"Studying the epizootological characteristics of the country territory on particularly dangerous diseases and developing veterinary and sanitary measures to improve their effectiveness\" in 2021-2023.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The material included the reports of veterinary laboratories on leptospirosis in recent years, as well as laboratory tests on samples carried out at the \"SANA\" research and development enterprise. During this period, 6,701 serum samples from farm animals and 86,651 serum samples from rodents were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serological results showed antibody titers in the blood of 6.32% of cattle, 5.4% of sheep, 4.2% of horses, and 1.8% of pigs. The highest number of positive samples were found in Turkestan (12.3%), Almaty (11.7%), and Kyzylorda (11.4%) regions. Infection in rodents was lower and ranged from 0.34% to 0.07% during these years. The population of leptospira-causing diseases of animals on the territory of the country is represented by 8 serogroups. Studies in 2022 on the detection of pathogenic leptospires by polymerase chain reaction in 350 samples of blood serum from animals and 350 samples of biomaterial from rodents from different regions of Kazakhstan were negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Studies conducted as part of this work will help reduce the incidence of disease among the population and animals in Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}