Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of surgical outcomes using traditional, internal obturator muscle flap, and sacroischial sling technique for canine perineal hernia repair.","authors":"Wijit Sutthiprapa, Pharkpoom Budsayaplakorn, Nattika Koatsang, Wutthiwong Theerapan, Naris Thengchaisri","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l1002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This retrospective study compared the outcomes of three surgical methods: traditional technique, internal obturator muscle flap, and sacroischial sling (TT, IOMF, and SS) for the treatment of canine perineal hernias. Postoperative complications associated with each technique were also compared.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>87 dogs (86 males, 1 female) with perineal hernia were included in this study. Dogs were grouped based on the surgical technique used: TT (30 sites in 24 dogs), IOMF (30 sites in 26 dogs), and SS (53 sites in 37 dogs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surgical times were 36.8 ± 9.7 min for TT, 50.2 ± 13.6 min for IOMF, and 31.9 ± 11.53 min for SS. Both TT and SS were significantly faster than IOMF (<i>p</i> < 0.01). A comparative analysis of surgical outcomes revealed differing success and failure rates. The success rate of the IOMF group was higher (99.3%) compared to the TT group (80%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.254). In contrast, the SS group demonstrated a statistically significantly greater success rate (98.1%) than the TT group (<i>p</i> = 0.008), indicating that it may be a more successful approach for perineal hernia correction in dogs. The TT group had the highest rate of temporary stranguria (20.8%) and required colopexy and cystopexy most frequently (16.7%). The SS group had the lowest rate of urinary incontinence (2.7%) and external anal sphincter muscle paresis (2.7%). However, this group exhibited the highest incidence of temporary dyschezia (8.1%) and a slightly elevated incidence of skin dehiscence. Wound complications were similar across all groups. The IOMF group had a higher incidence of external anal sphincter muscle paresis (26.9%) compared to both TT and SS. The complication rate of the SS group (7.0%, 13/185 events) was significantly lower than both TT (18.3%, 22/120; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and IOMF (18.5%, 24/130; <i>p</i> < 0.01) groups and required fewer additional procedures, indicating fewer overall complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the SS technique is a practical, low-complication alternative for perineal hernia correction, offering results comparable to those of IOMF and superior to those of TT.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1421-1429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular weight-based profiling of sperm proteins and their association with semen quality in Kokok Balenggek roosters.","authors":"Jaswandi Jaswandi, Harif Gusdinal, Tulus Maulana, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Rusfidra Rusfidra, Ananda Ananda","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l1003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study characterized the sperm proteins of Kokok Balenggek roosters based on molecular weight patterns to investigate the relationship between sperm composition and semen quality.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Semen from 15 Kokok Balenggek roosters was collected and tested for standard quality indicators, including volume, motility, viability, abnormalities, and plasma membrane integrity (PMI). The protein content was measured, and the sperm protein profile was established by applying SDS-PAGE on a 10% polyacrylamide gel. In the next phase, the statistical correlation between the indicators of semen quality and the total protein levels, as well as the protein fractions defined by the molecular weight, was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through the SDS-PAGE analysis, a total of 46 protein bands with molecular weights ranging from 8 to ≥ 245 kDa were identified in KBR semen. The average volume of fresh semen was 597.67 ± 325.20 µl, the motility was 80.78% ± 12.92%, the viability was 87.56% ± 5.33%, the abnormality was 10.60% ± 2.30%, and the PMI was 85.06% ± 5.37%. There was a forceful positive correlation between the number of protein bands and sperm motility (<i>r</i> = 0.91, <i>p</i> < 0.01). High molecular weight proteins (≥ 218-247 kDa) showed negative associations with motility and viability, while low molecular weight proteins (< 30-40 kDa) were linked to sperm quality parameters in a positive way. The previous studies propose that these molecular weight ranges may be indicative of BSP proteins (~28-32 kDa), glycoproteins (~40-42 kDa), HSP70/HSP90 (~60-75 kDa), SPAG6 (~72 kDa), and fibronectin or larger heat shock proteins (~200-250 kDa), among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evaluation of KBR sperm proteins through their molecular weight profiles may yield initial clues to the potential semen quality markers, which is one of the main limitations of current research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1430-1440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative energy value of discarded potato chips used as feedingredient in finishing diets for lambs.","authors":"Yesica Janeth Arteaga Wences, Jorge Luis Ramos Mendez, Alfredo Estrada Angulo, Jesús David Urías Estrada, Elizama Ponce Barraza, Lucía De Guadalupe Escobedo Gallegos, Daniel Alejandro Mendoza Cortez, Alberto Barreras, Luis Corona, Alejandro Plascencia","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l1000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l1000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the comparative energy value of discarded potato chips (DPC) used as a feed ingredient, the growth performance, carcass traits, and visceral mass were evaluated in 48 lambs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Lambs (29.89 ± 2.72 kg) were used in a randomized block design (8 replicates/treatment) in a 63-day feeding trial. DPC was composed mainly of malformed potato chips, which were removed before packaging. Its chemical composition was 96.92% dry matter, 7.11% CP, 39.65% ether extract, 2.84% neutral detergent fiber, and 46.03% starch. The DPC was included at 0%, 5%, and 10% in a total mixed ration (88:12 concentrate-to-forage ratio), replacing cracked corn grain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Replacing corn with DPC did not affect dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain, and gain-to-feed ratio. The observed dietary net energy (NE) was not modified by replacing corn with DPC and was close to (0.99) the NE expected according to the diet formulation. Using the replacement technique, the estimated NE for maintenance of DPC averaged 2.37 Mcal/kg. Kidney-pelvic-heart fat (KPH) and visceral fat were increased linearly (<i>p</i>= 0.04) as DPC increased in the diet, while the rest of the variables of carcass, shoulder tissue composition, and visceral mass were not affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DPC included at up to a 10% level in the diet did not affect DMI, efficiency, and carcass traits but increased KPH and visceral fat. The average NE value of DPC is approximately 6.5% higher than that of cracked corn grain. However, due to its high fat content, careful consideration is necessary when formulating rations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1405-1413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pestivirus</i> infection in sheep and goats in Northern Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Yahia Hassan Ali, Intisar Kamil Saeed, Muaz Magzob Abdellatif, Anwar A Alsharari, Medhat Ahmed Abu-Tahon, Ahmad M Abdel-Mageed, Ali M S Eleragi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.1001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current research aims to elucidate the recent situation regarding <i>Pestivirus</i> infection among different age groups, sexes, and breeds of goats and sheep in northern Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>850 serum samples representing 594 sheep and 256 goats were collected at the slaughterhouse in Rafha city.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using enzyme-linked Immune Assay, the overall detected seroprevalence in sheep and goats was 24.5%; it was 30.5% in goats and 21.9% in sheep. The detected seroprevalence was higher in goats than in sheep, in females than in males, and in adults than in young. According to the breeds, the highest prevalence (47%) was observed in the Naime breed. Pearson chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between infection and animal species (<i>p</i> < 0.008), sex (<i>p</i> < 0.003), and breed (<i>p</i> < 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of <i>Pestivirus</i> in sheep and goats appears to be increasing in the Northern region and throughout the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1414-1420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into <i>Calotropis procera</i> extract and green-silver nanoparticles as therapeutic agents in murine schistosomiasis: Targeting BAX/Bcl-2 and oxidative stress.","authors":"Zeyad K Hamdan, Muzayyan Fadhly Namik, Noor Adnan Mahmood, Mohammad I Soliman, Mohammed A Abdel-Rasol, Ahmed H Nigm","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.1992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.1992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to make a comparative evaluation of the therapeutic efficacies of the Calotropis extract (CPE) and green silver nanoparticles (GSNPs) compared to praziquantel (PZQ) in treating mice infected with schistosomiasis, with a comprehensive assessment of host physio-logical responses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The CpE-fabricated silver nanoparticles were characterized (UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared). Five experimen-tal groups were conducted: uninfected, infected untreated, PZQ-, CpE-, and GSNP-treated. The parasitological, biochemical, histopathological, and ultrastructural approaches were employed in evaluating each treatment protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the reduction of the worm burden and oogram count was significantly enhanced by both CpE and GSNPs, yet PZQ showed better antiparasitic effects. The antioxidant activity of GSNPs was more efficient, and they significantly restored hepatic (glutathione) as well as reduced (malondialdehyde) and (nitric oxide) levels. In addition, both CpE and GSNPs regulated apoptotic markers by inhibiting Bcl2-cell-associated X protein and enhancing B-cell lymphoma protein 2 expression, thereby inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis. Histopathological examination revealed a reduction in granuloma size and hepatic fibrosis, along with an improved hepatoprotective potential of GSNPs. Biochemical analysis revealed increased activity of liver enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase) as well as markers of renal function (urea and creatinine), indicating they also had a systemic protective role. All treatments resulted in some ultrastructural alterations in worms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The normalized parasitological and physiological parameters were utilized in develop-ing a novel mathematical framework that facilitates more objective assessments for treatment pro-tocols. Although PZQ showed the highest efficacy against the parasite (total efficacy score: 71.8), the plant extract showed the highest efficacy in anti-fibrotic and anti-apoptotic properties (total efficacy score: 61.6). However, GSNPs showed balanced therapeutic benefits (total efficacy score: 51.1). This study indicated that comparison based on both the host physiological parameters and those of the parasite is more comprehensive for optimal anti-schistosomal treatment selection. This study also confirmed that treatments derived from plant sources may have complementary benefits over traditional chemotherapy through metabolic pathways involved in the host protective responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1314-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13064485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in blood parameters of broilers fed solid-state fermented cassava peel-foliage mix meal as a replacement for <i>Zea mays</i> in broilers' diets.","authors":"Razaq Adekunle Animashahun, Olayinka Olubunmi Alabi, Adedeji Peculiar Animashahun, Olasunkanmi Peter Olajide, Abiodun Adebayo Idowu, Destiny Emmanuel Solomon, Oluwagbenga Paul Olorunfemi, Feranmi Gbenga Omoniyi, Collins Collins Francis, Emmanuel Oluwatobi Olowoloba","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study examined the effects of replacing <i>Zea mays</i> (maize) with solid-state Fermented cassava peel-foliage mix meal (FCPL) on the biochemical profiles and hematological markers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cassava peels and foliage were processed by drying, grinding, and mixing at a ratio of 19:1; the resulting mixture was then fermented using <i>Aspergillus niger</i> American Type Culture Collection 16404. Then, broiler diets were supplemented with fermented cassava peel--foliage mix meal (FCPL) at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% maize replacement levels. In a fully randomized design, 480 seven-day-old Anak 2,000 broiler chicks were assigned to the four dietary treatments. Each treatment included 120 birds, which were then split into four duplicates of 30 chicks each. <b>Results:</b> Inclusion of FCPL tended to improve hematological parameters, with hematocrit (PCV) increasing significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and peaking at 60% replacement, while erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration showed numerical increases. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were lower in FCPL-fed groups, suggesting no negative effects on liver function, whereas serum cholesterol and glucose levels reduced significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) as FCPL inclusion increased. Total serum protein remained within normal physiological ranges, and albumin concentration was highest at 40% replacement, suggesting optimal protein utilization at this level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Replacing maize with up to 60% FCPL in broiler diets enhances PCV levels, reduces serum cholesterol, and supports liver function. These findings highlight fermented cassava by-products as a sustainable, health-promoting, and cost-effective alternative energy source in poultry nutrition, contributing to feed resource diversification and improved productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1305-1313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-transmitted helminths associated with BMI in schoolchildren of Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan.","authors":"Wali Khan, Ateeq Ullah, Majed H Wakid, Tabana Iman, Zubia Masood, Tanzeela Yousaf, Patricio R De Los Rios-Escalante, Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh, Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the association between soil-transmitted helminths and body mass index (BMI) among the school children of Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Students aged 5-15 years participated in this study. Stool specimens were collected from 130 students between August 2020 and September 2021 and examined both macroscopically and microscopically. The height and weight were measured, then classified as normal BMI or underweight BMI according to the World Health Organization range criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence was noted as 38.5%, with 35.9% of males and 43.9% of females being infected. Roundworms (56%) were the most prevalent, followed by hookworms (28%) and whipworms (16%). Students with 5-8 years of experience presented the highest prevalence rate of 41.2%, followed by those with 9-12 years (33.3%) and 13-15 years (40%). A total of 30% of children had a normal BMI, while 70% were underweight. Of the 38.5% of infected children, 26% had a normal BMI, while 74% were underweight. Lack of handwashing with soap, lack of footwear, and low family income were identified as significant risk factors (<i>p</i>-value < 0.05) for helminth infection, while other factors, such as family size and access to a toilet at home, showed no significant association (<i>p</i>-value = 0.05). The association between soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infection and underweight BMI (<i>p</i>-value = 0.20), even though a sizable portion of students possessed BMIs, heights, and weights below standard reference ranges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study concludes that underweight is a risk factor for STH infection, reflecting poor hygiene standards and malnutrition in children. To reduce infection rates, these children must adopt a better diet and practice better personal, environmental, and hygiene habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1228-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Devil's tree(<i>Alstonia scholaris</i>) for its health-safeguardingproperty and antipathogenic activities against fungi and helminthparasites of veterinary importance.","authors":"Lal Ngaihmanawmi, Pawi Bawitlung Lalthanpuii, Lalbiakngheti Tlau, Lucy Lalawmpuii, Lal Rosangpuii, Lal Nundanga, Kholhring Lalchhandama","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was formulated to analyze the health benefits and antifungal and anthelmintic properties of Alstonia scholaris, specifically its bark, as claimed in Mizo traditional medicine. Biochemical assays were set up to evaluate the antioxidant potential and bioactivity tests on activity against pathogenic fungi and helminth parasites.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Alstonia scholaris bark extract was prepared in petroleum ether, a non-polar solvent. Phytochemical detections were performed for 11 chemical tests. The total antioxidant, flavonoid, and phenol contents were determined. The free radical-scavenging reactions were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The antifungal activity was tested by an agar diffusion method. Anthelmintic activity was assessed by survival assay, scanning electron microscopy, and histology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phytosterols were identified as the main bioactive compounds. The total antioxidant was estimated at 6.4305 mg ascorbate equivalent per gram, flavonoid at 128.03 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram, and phenol at 10.72 mg pentahydroxyflavone equivalent per gram. The FRAP assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent scavenging of ferric (Fe⁺³) cations. The DPPH scavenging reaction showed the half-maximal inhibitory concentration at 136 µg/ml. It was found that the plant extract was effective against Candida albicans, Neocosmospora keratoplastica, and Neosartorya fumigata, with the highest degree of inhibition against C. albicans. It exhibited activity against the poultry tapeworm, Raillietina echinobothrida. Light and electron microscopy revealed signature antiparasitic effects on different parts of the parasite body.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study vindicated the medicinal properties of A. scholaris in terms of antioxidants, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1333-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical profiles of <i>Mycoplasma haemofelis</i> and 'Candidatus <i>Mycoplasma haemominutum</i>' in domestic cats in Southern Vietnam.","authors":"Thao Tran Thi, Chien Tran Phuoc Nguyen, Dac Gia Luu, Tham Thi Dang, Bich Tran Ngoc","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the molecular prevalence and species distribution of feline hemoplasmas-<i>Mycoplasma haemofelis</i> (Mhf) and \"Candidatus <i>Mycoplasma haemominutum\"</i> (CMhm)-in domestic cats in southern Vietnam. The <i>16S rRNA</i> gene was used as a molecular marker for this research. To assess their clinical relevance, the blood and chemical profiles of the infected cats were also examined.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected a total of 68 blood samples from domestic cats brought to the Veterinary Teaching Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Can Tho University, Vietnam. To screen for hemoplasma, genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted, and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to target the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene. We sequenced the positive samples and then used nucleotide BLAST to identify the species. The simulated hematological and biochemical data, including hematocrit, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), were reviewed to support clinical interpretation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, five of the 68 samples (7.35%) tested positive for feline hemoplasmas. Two of the samples were identified as <i>M. haemofelis</i>, while three were classified as \"Candidatus <i>Mycoplasma haemominutum\"</i>. Cats infected with Mhf exhibited normocytic normochromic anemia, accompanied by increased ALT levels and a slight elevation in BUN. These findings suggest that the infection affects the whole body. In contrast, cats that tested positive for CMhm showed no clinical symptoms, and their blood and biochemical tests were normal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms the presence of both Mhf and CMhm in domestic cats in Southern Vietnam. Although CMhm is generally considered low virulence, the hematobiochemical alterations observed in Mhf-positive cats warrant attention. PCR targeting the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene proves effective for diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1297-1304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and economic performance of Kacang goats fed concentrates containing cattle rumen content silage.","authors":"Edwin Jermias Lodowik Lazarus, Benny Yohanes Wole, Maritje Aleonor Hilakore, Emma Dyelim Wie Lawa","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2025.l996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the growth and economic efficiency of Kacang goats that were fed different levels of cattle rumen content silage (CRCS) in a concentrate ration based on Andropogon timorensis grass.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty male Kacang goats aged 8-10 months, with an average live weight of 11.7 ± 1.4 kg, were used as experimental animals. The treatment applied was the use of CRCS in the concentrate at different levels: 0% (T0), 10% (T1), 20% (T2), and 30% (T3). The feed consisted of 70% A. timorensis grass and 30% concentrate. Each treatment was repeated five times, resulting in 20 experimental units. The parameters measured were dry matter intake (DMI), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed cost per gain (FCPG), and income over feed cost (IOFC). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and further tested with Duncan's multiple range test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (<i>p</i> > 0.05) on DMI, while DWG, FCR, FCPG, and IOFC were significantly affected (<i>p</i> < 0.05) by the treatment. The use of 10% CRCS (T1) resulted in significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) DWG (38.20 gm/day), FCR (8.33), FCPG (40.57), and IOFC (Indonesian rupiahs 30,001) compared to T2 and T3, but was not significantly different (<i>p</i> > 0.05) from T0.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of 10% CRCS in concentration improves the growth and economic efficiency of Kacang goats and provides sustainable benefits to the environment by utilizing CRCS in feed rations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"1363-1369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}