Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Fatty acids profile in Awassi sheep milk affected by some genes' single and combined effects.","authors":"Khaleel I Jawasreh, Dana Khrais, Muhammad Alu'datt, Nizar J Haddad, Sami Awabdeh, Mohammad Isam AlMadani, Mohamad Brake, Mohamad Ahmad Al-Araishi, Monther Sadder, Ahmad Al-Amareen","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l891","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study intended to figure out the effects of fixed effects and genes such as beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG), prolactin (PRL), annexin A9 (ANXA9), and acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2) on the structure of fatty milk acids in Awassi ewes, as well as any potential genotype-genotype interactions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fatty acid (FA) profile and other milk components were examined from 116 Awassi ewes in total. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to extract and genotype their DNA, and either sequencing or restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis came next.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Saturated, medium-chain, and long-chain FA proportions were not significantly impacted by the genotypes of β-LG, PRL, ANXA9, and ACAA2. Conversely, ewes with the β-LG AA genotype displayed higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), while the β-LG AB genotype was linked to the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). It has been demonstrated that PUFA levels are impacted by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ANXA9, while VLCFA and PUFA levels are changed by SNPs of ACAA2. The PRL AA genotype showed the greatest influence on VLCFA. Furthermore, milk exhibited the highest levels of MUFA and PUFA due to the interaction between β-LG and PRL. The interaction PRL-ANXA9 exhibited the greatest levels of VLCFA. Additionally, Dam lambing weight affected the levels of MUFA, MCFA, and long-chain fatty acids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To increase the levels of MUFA and PUFA constituents, the selection program should effectively harness and integrate the synergistic benefits of β-LG, PRL, ANXA9, and ACAA2 as well as their interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"238-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of CSN1S1 gene polymorphism on milk components of the Indonesian local PE cross-dairy goats.","authors":"Ega Anggraini Ega, Cece Sumantri Cece, Afton Atabany Afton, Anneke Anggraeni Anneke, Tri Puji Priyatno","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l889","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify Casein Alpha S1 (CSN1S1) gene polymorphism as a biomarker selection for improving the milk quality of Indonesian local PE cross-dairy goats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study utilized 65 does to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the target base fragment g.10094 gm.10200 of the CSN1S1 gene. Milk components (MCs) were analyzed using lactoscan and SNPs were identified using Sanger sequencing. Allele and genotype frequencies of the SNPs were determined by MEGA10 and PopGen32 programs. A general linear model was applied to examine the association between each SNP and the content (%) or daily yield (gm/day) of each of the MCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight SNPs were identified, with seven exhibiting dominant homozygous genotype references with genotype frequencies ranging from 0.77 to 0.95. SNP g.10098_C > G significantly affected (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the daily yield (gm/day) of MCs, but not for TS. The CC does, compared to the GC ones, produce higher yields (gm/day) of protein, fat, lactose, and SNF by 36.2%-39.8%. SNP g.10181_T > A had a significant effect (<i>p</i> < 0.05) on the content (%) of all MCs. The AT does, over the AA and TT ones, yield higher MCs by 3.63%-13.07% and 1.85%-10.68%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusio: </strong>The findings suggest that SNP g.10098_C > G and g.10181_T > A of the CSN1S1 gene may serve as potential biomarkers for selective breeding to enhance milk quality in the local PE cross-dairy goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of static magnetic field exposure on <i>Stim1</i> and <i>Itpr3</i> expression in hepatic cells of obese mice.","authors":"Puji Sari, Rahma Nur Istiqomah, Luluk Yunaini","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l890","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the effects of 2 mT static magnetic field (SMF) exposure for 1 h on the expression of <i>Stim1</i> and <i>Itpr3</i> genes in hepatic cells of obese mice. By examining these critical regulators of calcium (Ca²⁺) signaling and cellular metabolism, the research aims to elucidate the role of SMF in modulating molecular pathways essential for Ca²⁺ homeostasis and metabolic regulation in the context of obesity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Liver samples were obtained from C57BL/6J mice and preserved in RNALater. The samples were divided into two main groups: the control group, which received a standard diet, and the obese group, which was exposed to a high-fat diet. Furthermore, the obese group was stratified based on the duration of SMF exposure, including intervals of 0, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days (1 h per day with an intensity of Bmax = 2 mT). Statistical tests were conducted with a significance level of <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research findings highlighted a noteworthy increase in the relative expression of <i>Stim1</i> and <i>Itpr3</i> among obese mice exposed to SMF for 7 days (obe7) and those exposed for 14 days (obe14) in comparison to the obese group without SMF exposure. Both the obe7 and obe14 groups exhibited no significant difference in relative <i>Stim1</i> expression when compared to the non-obese group. However, in terms of <i>Itpr3</i> expression, the obe14 group did not show a significant difference from the non-obese mouse group. The results of the correlation analysis unveiled a substantial and robust correlation between the relative expression of Stim1 and Itpm3 (<i>r</i> = 0.627, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest a potential link between SMF exposure, the expression of Ca²⁺ regulatory genes, and the intricate pathways involved in obesity-related molecular responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"231-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic ice cream using buffalo milk dadih: Microbial, chemical, and sensory characteristics.","authors":"Nurzainah Ginting, Yunilas Yunilas, Raden Edhy Mirwandhono, Yuan-Yu Lin","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l888","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to find a quality probiotic ice cream formula by adding dadih, which is a result of the fermentation of buffalo milk in a bamboo tube.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study began with making dadih using 2 types of bamboo (Gigantochloa <i>verticillata</i> and <i>Gigantochloa auriculata Kurz</i>) to obtain dadih with the highest total probiotic colonies. Dadih with the highest colonies was used to continue the study. Furthermore, dadih was isolated to obtain the dominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which was identified molecularly using the 16S rRNA gene with the Polymerase polymerase chain reaction technique. The application of dadih into probiotic ice cream was conducted using a factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors. The first factor was the level of dadih, namely ICD 0 (ice cream without dadih), ICD 1 (5%), ICD 2 (10%), and ICD 3 (15%). The second factor was the length of ice cream storage (week), namely T0 (0), T1 (1), T2 (2) and T3 (3). Examination of pH, protein, fat content, and total bacterial colonies in ice cream was conducted. The research continued with sensory testing with 30 panelists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest total probiotic colonies were 1 × 10⁷ obtained in dadih fermented by <i>Gigantochloa auriculata Kurz</i> bamboo dominated by <i>Weisselia paramesenteroides</i> strain JCM 9890. pH of dadih was 4.52. Antimicrobial zones of dadih against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were 6.6, 8.1, and 7.7, respectively. The chemical quality test of ice cream showed that the pH was in the range of 6.21-5.61. Protein content ranged from 4.62 to 6.12, while fat content ranged from 6.03 to 8.12. Total ice cream colonies were in the range of 1 × 10⁴ to 2.9 × 10⁶. There was no interaction between the percentage of dadih and the length of ice cream storage time on the parameters of pH, protein, fat content, total LAB colonies, and sensory test result. The higher the dadih concentration, the more acidic the ice cream, and the higher the protein, fat content, and total LAB colonies. The sensory test showed that 15% of dadih was the most preferred by panelists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conclusion of this study is that ice cream with a 15% dadih addition is the most preferred and proven probiotic ice cream.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"214-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of helminth infections: Immune system response, insights into host-parasite interaction, and drug resistance.","authors":"Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l879","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helminthiases, which are caused by parasitic helminths, have a big effect on global health, especially in places with few resources. They cause a lot of illness and put a lot of strain on society and the economy. Understanding the prevalence, transmission, and impact of helminthiases is crucial for effective control and prevention. Molecular population genetics has been pivotal in understanding helminth dynamics, including species identification, hybridization, and drug resistance. However, deeper insights require broader genetic datasets. Several genomes have been sequenced using genomic technologies, which has changed the way helminth researchers do their work and made it easier to compare genomes and find conserved genetic elements. Genetic factors of the host also affect susceptibility. Genome-wide association studies have found candidate genes that are connected to susceptibility or resistance. Helminth infections trigger Type 2 immune responses involving various immune cells, cytokines, and mediators. Recent discoveries show how non-immune cells like stromal, epithelial, and neural cells control these responses. Genetic differences between the host and the parasite affect how they interact. Helminths use immunomodulatory molecules to hide from immune surveillance. The concept of host disease tolerance, maintaining health despite infection, is gaining attention. The emergence of drug resistance poses a challenge, emphasizing the need to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying anthelmintic resistance. Genomic approaches offer promising avenues for interventions, including vaccine development and RNA interference. Challenges in helminth genetics research include genetic heterogeneity, limited sample sizes, and technical constraints. Using both functional genomics and multi-omics methods together can help us fully understand helminth genetics and plan effective treatments. Genomic studies have helped us learn more and find possible targets for interventions. To turn these findings into useful control measures, we need to do more research and work together.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan processing waste nutrients compounds as a potential natural poultry premix.","authors":"Rosa Tri Hertamawati, Shokhirul Imam, Reikha Rahmasari, Ujang Suryadi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l878","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to use the potential chitosan processing waste from shrimp heads as a premix to improve the production performance of laying chickens.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This research uses shrimp head waste, NaOH, hydrochloric acid, Na₂SeO_3, and NaCl solutions. Processing shrimp head waste into chitosan is done in three ways, namely demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. Each of the resulting liquid wastes is then mixed until a neutral mixture is obtained. The data observed were the nutrient and amino acid content of liquid waste from the deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation processes, as well as the neutral mixture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed liquid waste from the process of making chitosan from shrimp head waste using deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation methods, as well as a neutral mixture containing little energy, protein, and fat but is rich in minerals. The most abundant and complete amino acid content is found in deproteination process wastewater and neutral mixtures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the waste from making chitosan from shrimp head waste through deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation, and the neutral mixture contains enough minerals and amino acids needed by livestock, so it has the potential to be used as a premix.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient-rich feed supplementation accelerates recovery of body condition and increases calf birth weight in Bali cattle affected by foot and mouth disease.","authors":"Yusuf Akhyar Sutaryono, Dahlanuddin Dahlanuddin, Ryan Aryadin Putra, Adji Santoso Dradjat, Syamsul Hidayat Dilaga, Suhubdy Suhubdy, Sukarne Sukarne, Dedi Supriadi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l877","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feed supplementation on the body condition of cows suffering from foot and mouth disease (FMD) and the birth weight of their calves.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study involved 30 pregnant cows (6-7 months gestation), divided into five groups of six cows each. Groups A, B, C, D, and group E were supplemented with concentrates at levels of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% of body weight, respectively. The concentrates comprised cassava peels (60%), corn mill (40%), urea (3% of total feed needed), and minerals (25% of total feed needed).</p><p><strong>Variables: </strong>Following the onset of FMD symptoms, observations were made on the duration of hypersalivation, nasal discharge, snout and nose erosion, tongue and lip erosion, foot swelling, refusal to eat, and return to normal feed consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that feed supplementation accelerated recovery such as time from hypersalivation, nasal discharge, muzzle erosion, and tongue (<i>p <</i> 0.05). However, no significant difference in interdigital wounds and duration of reluctance to eat due to FMD. Providing nutrient-rich feed also increases the body condition scores after FMD infection and the calf birth weight (<i>p <</i> 0.05) of Bali cattle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that nutrient-rich feed supplementation accelerates cow recovery from FMD, maintains body condition, and increases the calf birth weight of Bali cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum biochemistry, hematology, and reproductive behavior of free-roaming cats in urban and rural habitats.","authors":"Fakhrul Islam, Md Imranuzzaman, Hemayet Hossain, Muhammad Ali, Susmita Rani Sarker, Mostafizor Rahman, Sadia Islam Ria, Papri Rani Dey, Rijon Miah, Md Ashiqur Rahman, Khadiza Akter Brishty, Saiful Islam, Aminul Islam, Md Masudur Rahman, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Shahana Begum","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l873","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted to reveal the hematology, serum biochemistry, and reproductive behavior of free-roaming cats in the Sylhet Division of Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Overall, 130 free-roaming cats were captured, of which 52 were Tom (male), 69 were Queen (female), and 9 were kittens. Regarding their ages, the cats were divided into three groups: <1 year as kittens, 1 to 2 years as young, and adults over two years. Thirty blood samples were drawn from the cephalic or saphenous veins of the hind leg for hematological and serum biochemical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that the average hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in kittens than in young and adult cats (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In comparison to young and adult cats, kittens had considerably greater red blood cell, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, and platelet counts, whereas mature cats had much higher white blood cell counts. The number of lymphocytes and monocytes was shown to be non-significant, while other components, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, varied considerably by age group. Rural cats showed significantly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) higher alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, whereas urban cats showed higher serum glucose (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The duration of the cat's estrous cycle was (5.63 ± 1.75) days, as were the inter-estrous phase's length (7 days), gestation time (66.6 days), and queening rate (65.2). There were 3.92 ± 0.55 kittens per litter. Males reached puberty at a young age of 9.3 months, while females did so at 8.3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings may contribute to the growing body of research on free-roaming cat populations, which is important for understanding the ecology and behavior of these cats and constructing strategies for their conservation and welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single nucleotide polymorphisms on Cholecystokinin B Receptor gene as a candidate gene for crowing in Pelung chickens.","authors":"Indrawati Yudha Asmara, Nena Hilmia, Dani Garnida","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l881","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore mutation based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) gene of Pelung chickens.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected DNA samples from 48 Pelung roosters that had won the crowing competition. The CCKBR target encompasses exon 3, intron 3, exon 4, and a part of intron 4, a long 601 bp. This target was replicated using PCR with specific primers that were designed by Primer-BLAST from NCBI. We generated the nucleotide sequence from the PCR product's sequencing results. The SNP analysis was done by BioEdit and MEGA. Genotyping and haplotyping were done based on nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on exons 3 and 4. We calculated allele and genotype frequency, heterozygosity, and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) using POPGENE 32 programs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found three nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms. The nsSNP in exon 3 alters the coding for the 210th amino acid from serine to asparagine (g.1290 G > A/S210N), while the SNPs in exon 4 alter the coding for the 232nd amino acid from valine to phenylalanine (g.1423G > T/V232F) and the 243rd amino acid that changes the amino acid valine to glycine (g.1457T > G/V243G). The frequency of the mutated alleles is lower than the unmutated alleles. However, the mutation at position g.1457T > G/V243G produces a higher frequency than the unmutated allele. The allele and genotype frequency were not in HWE. It was caused by intensive selection in Pelung chickens, especially for growing capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nonsynonymous mutation on CCKBR may cause variations in the crowing and other traits such as the growth of Pelung chickens. Further studies are needed to explore the CCKBR gene, including the relationship of the gene with the vigor and/or stress level of Pelung chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity of Thai stick cannabis Hang Kra Rog Phu Phan (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.), sugar leaves extract against pathogenic bacteria.","authors":"Panicha Pongnaratorn, Natthida Sophon, Parichart Boueroy","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l870","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. is aware of a rich source of bioactive substances with various structures that exhibit pharmacological activity in the central nervous system, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, reproductive, and gastrointestinal systems.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, cannabis sugar leaves were soaked in 99% ethanol, followed by evaporation. The antibacterial effect of the cannabis sugar leaf extract was then evaluated using the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using broth dilution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study indicated that the cannabis sugar leaf extract inhibited <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> when compared to tetracycline, but it did not inhibit <i>Pseudomonas</i> <i>aeruginosa</i>. The MIC and MBC of the cannabis sugar leaves extract against <i>B</i>. <i>cereus</i>, <i>V</i>. <i>cholerae</i>, <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i>, <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i>, and <i>S</i>. <i>epidermidis</i> were 0.977, 1.953, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 250, 500, 250, and 500 mg/ml, respectively. The bioactive compounds in cannabis sugar leaf extract were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicated that the major bioactive compounds were Δ-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). While minor bioactive compounds included gallic acid and tannic acid. These results support the benefits of cannabis sugar leaf extract, which has been used for its pharmacological properties and may be useful as an alternative antimicrobial agent in medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}