Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> D4 from fermented buffalo milk (Dadiah) against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>-induced diarrhea in mice.","authors":"Ade Sukma, Azura Adawiya, Elsa Badriyya, Najmiatul Fitria","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1039","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> D4 against diarrhea induced by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in a mouse model. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A randomized design was adopted using 25 male mice randomly assigned to five groups, which are negative control, positive control (diarrhea + cotrimoxazole), probiotic dose 1 (5 × 10⁸ CFU/mice in 0.5 ml), probiotic dose 2 (administered twice, each administration containing 5 × 10⁸ CFU/mice in 0.5 ml), and disease control (diarrhea without therapy). Diarrhea was induced with <i>S. aureus</i> (5 × 10⁸ CFU/mouse in 0.5 ml), and thereafter, the probiotic was given orally for 7 days. The main parameters examined were body weight, fecal weight, and consistency. <b>Results:</b> Administration of <i>L. lactis</i> D4 improved diarrheal consequences (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The highest efficacy was observed at probiotic dose 2, containing 5 × 10⁸ CFU/mouse in 0.5 ml twice a day. This improvement made a little body weight loss (31.04 gm) and improved fecal consistency. <b>Conclusions:</b> <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> D4 showed potential as an ecological probiotic for diarrheal therapy caused by <i>S. aureus</i>. These results supported the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of buffalo-derived functional foods to improve gut health (SDG 3) and informed sustainable strategies for global food security (SDGs 2, 9, and 12).</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"372-378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-protein golden sea cucumber jelly candy as a nutritional innovation to enhance dental and jaw development in children with childhood malnutrition (1-5 years): Evidence from an experimental Wistar rat model.","authors":"Noengki Prameswari, Bambang Sucahyo, Budi Handayani","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1057","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Childhood malnutrition is often linked to delayed dental eruption and impaired jaw growth, which increase malocclusion risk in children. Nutritional innovations such as golden sea cucumber may offer functional benefits. This study aims to evaluate the effect of high-protein golden sea cucumber jelly candy on dental eruption and mandibular growth in a childhood malnutrition model. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> An experimental post-test-only control group design was conducted using Wistar rats, divided into three groups: K1 (negative control, normal diet), K2 (positive control, low-protein diet), and P (treatment, low-protein diet with golden sea cucumber jelly candy supplementation). Parameters assessed included serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, amino acid profiles, dental eruption rate, mandibular length and height, and osteogenesis markers (osteoblast count using <i>Runx2</i> expression). <b>Results:</b> The treatment group (P) showed significant improvements compared with the childhood malnutrition control (K2). Supplementation restored mandibular length and height to levels similar to K1, significantly increased osteoblast number and <i>Runx2</i> expression, improved leucine levels and body weight, and accelerated dental eruption close to normal growth patterns. <b>Conclusions:</b> Golden sea cucumber jelly candy has potential as a functional nutritional intervention to promote dental eruption and jaw development under childhood malnutrition conditions, supporting preventive and pediatric dentistry approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"555-562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer misconceptions and socioeconomic determinants of broiler meat consumption in Bangladesh.","authors":"Seikh Masudur Rahman, M Wakilur Rahman, Md Mahfuzul Hasan, Most Shahana Akter, Rokshana Parvin, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1042","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The poultry industry makes a significant contribution to food security, employment generation, and affordable protein supply in Bangladesh. This study aims to investigate consumer misconceptions about broiler meat and to identify the socioeconomic factors influencing consumer preferences. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Survey data were collected from 369 consumers across rural, semi-urban, and urban areas. Respondents represented diverse occupational groups, including farmers, students, businessmen, and service holders. Descriptive statistics and econometric analyses (Ordinary Least Squares method) were applied. Misconceptions were measured using a five-point Likert scale, ranked through index values. <b>Results:</b> Consumers exhibited strong concerns about hygiene at processing points and associated broiler meat with unsafe chemicals, growth hormones (4.2), heavy metals (4.1), and lower nutrition compared to Deshi meat (4.06). Respondents even perceived that broiler meat might cause cancer. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation shows that residence, education, occupation, and income significantly influenced broiler meat consumption. Urban residence and higher education were positively associated with consumption, whereas higher income and professional occupations showed a negative relationship. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study provides new evidence on how perceptions and socioeconomic factors interact to shape broiler meat consumption in Bangladesh, offering insights for nutritional policy remodeling and poultry sector sustainability. It also highlights the importance of addressing consumer misconceptions and strengthening food safety communication to sustain broiler meat consumption all over Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"398-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of pooled chilled semen quality in four Kintamani dogs through extenders enriched with different concentrations of <i>Spondias pinnata</i> leaf extract.","authors":"Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha, I Ketut Puja, I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan, Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti, Bambang Sektiari Lukiswanto","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1040","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The present study determined the effects of the addition of <i>Spondias pinnata</i> (L.f.) Kurz leaf extract to extender on the quality of Kintamani dog semen during storage at 5°C for 72 h. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Ejaculates were collected via manual stimulation from four dogs. The semen was pooled and diluted using a Tris-based extender, then divided into four treatment groups. Group T1: Control samples without extract; Group T2: Samples supplemented with <i>Spondias pinnata</i> leaf extract at 50 µg/100 ml; Group T3: Samples supplemented with 100 µg/100 ml; and Group T4: Samples supplemented with 150 µg/100 ml. The samples were evaluated for progressive motility, percent viability, and DNA integrity after storage for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. <b>Results:</b> The findings indicate that a coconut water-based Tris-citrate extender is a viable alternative for canine semen preservation. Supplementation with 50 µg/100 ml <i>S. pinnata</i> leaf extract provides measurable benefits for maintaining sperm quality during chilled storage. Additionally, the extender system was able to preserve DNA integrity for at least 72 h. <b>Conclusions:</b> The use of <i>S. pinnata</i> leaf extract at an optimal concentration (50 µg/100 ml) improves progressive motility and viability of chilled Kintamani dog semen, while DNA integrity remains unaffected by storage duration or extender type. The coconut water-based Tris-citrate extender enriched with a moderate dose of <i>S. pinnata</i> leaf extract represents a promising formulation for short-term semen preservation. These findings may support the development of more accessible and cost-effective semen preservation techniques in Indonesia, particularly for local breeds such as the Kintamani dog.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of <i>Berchemia discolor</i> leaf meal (Muni tree) on gastrointestinal nematode infections of Creole goats.","authors":"Hypatia Thobejane, Tlou Grace Manyelo, Busisiwe Gunya","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1061","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study evaluated the effect of <i>Berchemia discolor</i> leaf meal (Muni tree) on gastrointestinal nematode infections in Creole goats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 16 yearling intact males of Creole goats (12 months old, body weight 19.63 ± 1.68 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Experimental diets contained 0%, 15%, 20%, and 30% <i>B. discolor</i> leaf meal, formulated on a dry matter basis for 42 days. Fecal samples were freshly collected directly from the rectum on the last day using a modified McMaster technique to determine fecal egg counts (FEC) and fecal oocyst count (FOC). Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS version 30.0. <b>Results:</b> Supplementing Creole goats with <i>B. discolor</i> influenced <i>Strongyloides</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No <i>Strongyloides</i> eggs were detected in <i>B. discolor</i> at 20% or 0%, while higher counts were observed in <i>B. discolor</i> at 30% and 15%. Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were also observed in <i>Trichuris</i> sp. and oocyst counts among dietary treatments. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between <i>B. discolor</i> inclusion level and <i>Strongyloides.</i> counts, whereas a negative relationship was observed for <i>Trichuris</i> sp. and oocyst counts. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest that <i>B. discolor</i> has the potential as a natural feed supplement for the management of gastrointestinal nematode infections in goat production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"588-593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production efficiency and nutritional potential of black soldier fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i> Linnaeus, 1758) larvae with an evaluation of growth performance in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> Linnaeus, 1758).","authors":"Fahima Israt, Md Manzoorul Kibria, Mahmudul Hasan, Mohammad Shamsil Arafeen","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1059","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study evaluated the production efficiency, nutritional value, growth performance, and economic viability of black soldier fly (BSF) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae as a sustainable alternative to commercial feed in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) aquaculture. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> BSF larvae were reared on a mixed substrate of four organic waste types. Monthly total larval yield, substrate reduction efficiency, and conversion rate were calculated to evaluate production efficiency. The nutritional composition of BSF larvae and commercial fish feed was determined through proximate analysis following the AOAC (1980) procedures. Growth performance was assessed using 30 Nile tilapia (15 fish per tank). Fish were fed daily at 5% of body weight. The control group received 100% commercial feed, whereas the experimental group received 100% BSF larvae. <b>Results:</b> One-way ANOVA revealed significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) monthly effects on total larval yield (1.44 × 10^-7), substrate reduction efficiency (0.0002), and conversion rate (1.6 × 10^-8). LSD post-hoc analysis identified April as the peak production month. Cohen's <i>d</i> showed medium differences in dry matter (0.74-0.73) and moisture (0.75-0.76), very large differences in crude protein (3.26-4.08) and ash (3.11-3.32), and extremely large differences in ether extract (9.77-10.23), highlighting the superior nutritional value of BSF larvae. Weight gain did not differ significantly between feeding treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05), although BSF-fed fish showed slightly greater growth. Cohen's d revealed a medium effect size, suggesting a moderate advantage of BSF larvae. <b>Conclusions:</b> Nile tilapia fed 100% BSF larvae achieved growth comparable to those fed commercial feed at less than half the feed cost (77.79 vs. 161 BDT/kg), demonstrating that BSF larvae are a nutritionally rich, economically viable, and sustainable protein source for aquaculture in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"571-578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric profiling and EphB2/B4 and ephrin-B1 membrane protein expression analysis in vesicular, bulbourethral, and preputial glands in mice.","authors":"Md Royhan Gofur, Mst Suriya Tanjum Toma, Takayuki Nakajima, Takashi Tanida","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1047","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Male accessory sex glands are essential components of the reproductive system, providing secretions that support sperm function, fertility, and androgen-dependent reproductive processes. Despite the widespread use of mice as experimental models, comprehensive biometrical, histomorphometrical, and molecular characterization of their accessory sex glands remains limited. The present study investigated the vesicular, bulbourethral, and preputial glands of adult male mice with particular emphasis on biometric parameters, histological organization, and the expression of EphB2, EphB4, and ephrin-B1 membrane proteins. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Ten-week-old male ICR mice (<i>n</i> = 6) were used for morphometric profiling, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence analyses. <b>Results:</b> The vesicular glands showed highly folded mucosa lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells and enclosed by well-developed smooth muscle layers. Bulbourethral glands were multilobular, composed of arborized acini lined by tall columnar epithelial cells, whereas preputial glands were modified sebaceous glands characterized by lobulated sebaceous acini with prominent basal cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed the presence of EphB4 and ephrin-B1 transcripts in all three glands, while EphB2 expression was detected only in the vesicular and bulbourethral glands. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that EphB4 and ephrin-B1 were predominantly localized in basal cells of vesicular and preputial glands and in secretory epithelial cells in the bulbourethral gland, with weaker expression in principal cells in the vesicular gland. Faint expression of EphB2, EphB4, and ephrin-B1 was observed in α-SMA-positive smooth muscle cells of vesicular and bulbourethral glands. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings provide the first integrated biometric and histomorphometric data and demonstrate distinct expression profiles of EphB2/B4 and ephrin-B1 membrane proteins in mouse accessory sex glands, suggesting their involvement in glandular structure and functional regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"449-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Indonesian broiler chickens: Comparison of CLSI and EUCAST 2025 standards.","authors":"Ari Retnowati, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Dian Wahyu Harjanti","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1050","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to compare the prevalence and resistance patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from broiler chickens across Indonesia using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100, 35^th edition (2025), and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) version 15.0 (2025) guidelines. <b>Material and Methods:</b> A total of 390 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution method with the Sensititre EUVSEC3 panel. Resistance data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Cohen's kappa coefficient, and percent agreement. <b>Results:</b> The highest resistance rates under both standards were observed for ampicillin (78.33% according to CLSI and 78.63% according to EUCAST), while all isolates remained susceptible to meropenem (100%) based on both references. Significant differences between CLSI and EUCAST interpretations were observed for colistin and ciprofloxacin (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Colistin demonstrated negligible agreement between the two standards (<i>κ</i> = -0.01; 95% CI: -0.05 to 0.03; 3% agreement). In contrast, interpretation of susceptibility results for ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, and trimethoprim showed almost perfect concordance between CLSI and EUCAST (<i>κ</i> > 0.91). <b>Conclusions:</b> Variations in the interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results may influence AMR surveillance outcomes and antimicrobial use decision-making in the field. Strengthening and harmonizing AMR surveillance reporting based on both standards is essential to support evidence-based and effective AMR mitigation policies. This approach, within a One Health framework, is to safeguard animal health, public health, and food safety in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological overview of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in <i>Capra hircus</i> from southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.","authors":"Naimat Ullah Khan, Farhad Badshah, Tahir Usman, Muhammad Salman Khan, Jamil Ur Rehman, Riaz Amin, Eliana Ibáñez-Arancibia, Warda Naz, Hazrat Ali, Mian Saeed Sarwar, Patricio R De Los Ríos Escalante, Mourad Ben Said, Hanène Belkahia","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1062","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> <i>Cryptosporidium</i> is a protozoan parasite that commonly infects livestock, including <i>Capra hircus</i>, causing diarrhea, dehydration, and sometimes mortality. These infections lead to substantial economic losses in the farming industry. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors, such as region, season, age, and sex, of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in <i>C. hircus</i> in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 360 fecal samples were collected from <i>C. hircus</i> from the Kohat, Bannu, and Lakki Marwat Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Fecal smears were stained using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen method, and statistical analysis, including chi-square tests, was employed to assess the association between <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection prevalence and various factors. <b>Results:</b> The overall <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection prevalence was 20.55% (74/360). District-wise analysis revealed the highest prevalence in Kohat (23.33%), followed by Bannu (20%) and Lakki Marwat (18.33%). Monthly examination identified August as the peak prevalence month (36.67%), displaying non-significant monthly variations (<i>p</i> = 0.075). Seasonal disparity indicated a significantly higher prevalence in the summer (30%) compared to other seasons (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Age-wise prevalence demonstrated susceptibility in kids aged ≤ 15 days (≤ 33.93%), with significant overall age-based differences (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Female kids exhibited a slightly higher prevalence at 22.22% compared to males (19.19%), with no significant gender-based difference (<i>p</i> = 0.479). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights the influence of geographic, seasonal, and demographic factors on <i>Cryptosporidium</i> prevalence in goat populations. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing targeted preventive measures. Recommended strategies include farmer education programs, seasonal deworming schedules, early screening for infection, and strict hygiene and water sanitation practices to reduce transmission risks effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"594-603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and histopathological evaluation of intestinal mucosal damage associated with giardiasis in naturally infected lambs.","authors":"Zeynep Çelik Kenar, Ayşenur Tural Çifçi, Osman Dağar, Nevin Tuzcu, Hüseyin Karacan, Mehmet Tuzcu","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1048","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal mucosal alterations in lambs naturally infected with <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> at both histopathological and molecular levels, focusing on the relationship between infection severity and gene expression. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 24 lambs were categorized into four groups (control, mild, moderate, and severe) based on histopathological assessment of intestinal tissue sections. The tissues were examined for villus morphology, epithelial integrity, inflammatory cell infiltration, crypt morphology, and hyperemia. Additionally, the expression levels of <i>FABP2, TFF3, ALPI, CLDN3</i>, and <i>ACTG2</i> genes were quantified using real-time PCR (qPCR). <b>Results:</b> Histopathological examination revealed progressive villus atrophy, epithelial degeneration, crypt hyperplasia, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in the lamina propria, which intensified with infection severity. Molecular analysis showed significant upregulation of <i>FABP2</i> and <i>TFF3</i> in the mild and moderate groups, suggesting early activation of mucosal repair. In contrast, <i>ALPI</i> expression decreased in the moderate and severe groups, indicating impaired epithelial detoxification. <i>CLDN3</i> expression was significantly elevated across all infected groups, reflecting a compensatory response to tight junction disruption, while <i>ACTG2</i> expression remained unchanged. <b>Conclusions:</b> <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> infection in lambs induces complex mucosal pathogenesis. The results demonstrate that the disease involves a simultaneous activation of destructive and regenerative molecular mechanisms, with distinct gene expression patterns correlating with the severity of intestinal damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"459-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}