Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Abortion associated with postpartum opportunistic bacterial invasion reduces fertility and induces disturbances of reproductive hormones, hematological profile, and oxidant/antioxidant profiles in dairy cows.","authors":"Yahia A Amin, Gamal A M Omran, Samer S Fouad, Mariam A Fawy, Rawia M Ibrahim, Fatma Ahmed Khalifa, Rana A Ali","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j721","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The following study examines for the first time the changes that occur in the post-partum period following abortion in the first trimester of dairy cows using hormonal, hematological, and oxidant/antioxidant profiles. In addition, a bacteriological examination was also performed to explore the role of infections in the complications that occur during this period.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred cows were split into two equal groups: The first group enrolled cows that suffered from abortion in the first trimester. The second group enrolled cows that did not experience abortion problems (the control group). Uterine swabs were collected from cows. Blood samples were collected for hormonal, hematological, and oxidative profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results reveal that <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp<i>.</i>, and <i>Streptococcus</i> spp<i>.</i> are the opportunistic bacteria that were isolated from abortive cows with multidrug-resistant (MDR) characteristics. Red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC) were significantly higher in the abortive group than in controls in the first 3 days after calving. Conversely, total leukocyte count, platelet count, neutrophils, eosinophils, and immunoglobulin G and M were significantly lower in the abortion group than in controls. The concentrations of estradiol, prostaglandin F2α, oxytocin, and cortisol are significantly increased in the abortive cows, while progesterone is significantly decreased. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher in the abortive group, while the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of postpartum opportunistic bacterial invasion of the uterus. Oxidative stress (OS) and neutropenia are the most important findings that may occur in the postpartum period after abortion and may be due to the abortion itself or its predisposition to opportunistic bacterial invasion of the uterus, which finally causes a fertility reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> possessing <i>aerolysin</i> gene using gold nanoparticle probe.","authors":"Arren Christian M de Guia, Mary Rose D Uy-de Guia, Juvy J Monserate, Joel R Salazar, Ravelina R Velasco, Claro N Mingala, Karl Marx A Quiazon","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j714","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aerolysin (aerA) is a virulence indicator used to identify the pathogenicity of the <i>Aeromonas</i> strain. Targeting a pathogen's crucial virulence gene for detection is essential, as it determines the potential threat to the host. This study aimed to develop a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) probe for detecting the gene <i>aer</i>A in <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> among field samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Kidney samples among both healthy and sick Nile tilapias in five provinces of Luzon Island were collected for bacterial analysis. Screening using specific primers targeting <i>aer</i>A was conducted in parallel with testing the AuNPs probe on the same sample set. The positive control provided by BFAR-NFLD, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, was used as a positive sample containing the target gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AuNP probe demonstrated a computed accuracy of 81.32%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 81.26%. Among the 257 reactions, 59 were false positives, while no false negative results were observed. The AuNP probe could detect <i>aer</i>A at levels as low as 30 ng/µl. The low prevalence of the target gene may be attributed to the use of general media instead of specific media like Rimler-Shotts agar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The established colorimetric detection method for <i>A. hydrophila</i> with the <i>aer</i>A gene offers a swift alternative to PCR, negating the requirement for advanced equipment like a thermal cycler.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonessential amino acids in tropical ruminant feed: Investigating grass and legume forages of Indonesia.","authors":"Gresy Eva Tresia, Yenny Nur Anggraeny, Wiwik Heny Winarsih, Setiasih Setiasih, Eni Siti Rohaeni, Mariyono Mariyono, Dicky Pamungkas","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j739","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the concentration of nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) in ruminant feed in tropical areas, with a focus on forage grasses and legumes in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 11 grasses (<i>Chrysopogon zizanioides, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria humidicola, Paspalum dilatatum, Paspalum atatum, Chloris gayana, Pennisetum polystachion, Panicum maximum, Cenchrus biflorus, Andropogon canaliculatus,</i> and <i>Digotaria decumbens</i>) and six legumes (<i>Arachis hypogaea, Pueararia Javanica, Centrosema pubescens, Clitoria ternatea,</i> and <i>Arachis pintoi</i>) were analyzed for NEAA content using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results of this research, it was found that almost all NEAA content in forage was less than 3% (Serine (Ser), Alanine (Ala), Glycine (Gly), Tyrosine (Tyr), Proline (Pro), Cysteine (Cys), and Asparagine (Asn), except for glutamic (Glu) acid and arginine (Arg) in some legumes. The Glu content in grass ranges from 0.76% to 2.61%, and the Arg content ranges from 0.92% to 2.09%. These two NEAAs were most abundant in grasses and legumes, with concentrations of 5.10% to 6.27% and 3.10% to 5.53%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study concluded that Glu and Arg were the most abundant NEAAs in tropical forages in Indonesia, with legumes having a higher concentration of NEAAs compared to grasses. Among the legumes, <i>A. hypogaea</i> had the highest NEAA content (23.40%), while among the forages, <i>C. zizanioides</i> had the highest NEAA content (12.37%). However, it was observed that neither legumes nor grasses could fulfill the metabolizable TNEAAs requirements for gaining cattle (250 kg of empty body weight gain), unlike commercial concentrates, which were found to meet the requirements, especially for Arg, Glu, and thyronine. The provision of concentrate is necessary to supplement forage to meet the NEAA needs for cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antioxidant role of pumpkin (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>) seed extract against acute reproductive toxicity by uranyl acetate in male rats.","authors":"Ghusoon Abdul Kareem Neamah, Muna Abdul Sahib Alkhfaji, Heba Saleh Shaheed","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j720","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main goal of the study was to find whether pumpkin (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>) extract has any preventive or antioxidant properties against acute uranyl acetate (UA)-induced reproductive cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Four groups each, including 10 adult male rats, were randomly assigned. (GI): the control group was given 1 ml of purified water orally for 30 days. (GII): Rats were given orally, a single dose of 150 mg/kg b.w. UA (GIII): Rats consumed 40 mg/kg b.w. of pumpkin seed extract (PSE) orally every day for 30 days. (GIV): Rats received a single dose (150 mg/kg b.w.) of UA plus a daily oral dose of PSE (40 mg/kg b.w.) for 30 days. Animal sacrifice was used for oxidative stress and histopathological study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Showed significantly (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.001) elevated malondialdehyde levels in the GII group (6.19 ± 0.4), while GIII and GIV showed no significant differences. Glutathione peroxidase showed a significant (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.001) decrease (2.55 ± 0.2) in the GII group, while in groups (GIII and GIV), it showed a significant (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.001) increase (4.61 ± 0.16, 4.28 ± 0.032), respectively. The histopathological study for GII groups showed sloughing of epithelial cells lining the seminiferous tubules with a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in some tubules. Many sections revealed hyperplasia of the epithelial cells lining the seminiferous tubules with necrosis. The GIII and GIV groups showed normal histological structures with an increase in spermatogenesis in the testes and epididymis tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We concluded that UA causes oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in the rat reproductive system. Pumpkin extract plays a role in improving the activity of the reproductive system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> sialidase interaction with Neu5Ac α-Gal sialic acid receptors by <i>in-silico</i> observation and its impact on monolayers cellular behavior structure.","authors":"Ryan Septa Kurnia, Amin Soebandrio, Vivi Hardianty Harun, Christian Marco Hadi Nugroho, Desak Gede Budi Krisnamurti, Okti Nadia Poetri, Agustin Indrawati, Simson Tarigan, Ketut Karuni Nyanakumari Natih, Fera Ibrahim, Pratiwi Pudjilestari Sudarmono, Otto Sahat Martua Silaen","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j722","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effect of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> sialidase treatment on monolayer cell behavior using computational screening and an <i>in vitro</i> approach to demonstrate interaction between enzyme-based drugs and ligands in host cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The <i>in silico</i> study was carried out by molecular docking analysis used to predict the interactions between atoms that occur, followed by genetic characterization of sialidase from a wild isolate. Sialidase, which has undergone further production and purification processes exposed to chicken embryonic fibroblast cell culture, and observations-based structural morphology of cells compared between treated cells and normal cells without treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on an <i>in silico</i> study, <i>C. perfringens</i> sialidase has an excellent binding affinity with Neu5Acα (2.3) Gal ligand receptor with Gibbs energy value (∆G)-7.35 kcal/mol and Ki value of 4.11 µM. Wild <i>C. perfringens</i> isolates in this study have 99.1%-100% similarity to the plc gene, NanH, and NanI genes, while NanJ shows 93.18% similarity compared to the reference isolate from GenBank. Sialidase at 750 and 150 mU may impact the viability, cell count, and cell behavior structure of fibroblast cells by significantly increasing the empty area and perimeter of chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells, while at 30 mU sialidase shows no significant difference compared with mock control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sialidase-derived <i>C. perfringens</i> has the capacity to compete with viral molecules for attachment to host sialic acid based on <i>in silico</i> analysis. However, sialidase treatment has an impact on monolayer cell fibroblasts given exposure to high doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of <i>Gallus</i> sp. in Southeast Asia based on d-lopp: <i>In silico</i> study.","authors":"Zultinur Muttaqin, Tike Sartika, Ferdy Saputra","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j738","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to analyze the matrilineal structure of <i>Gallus</i> sp<i>.</i> in Southeast Asia, especially in the D-loop region.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>A total of 563 sequences from eight countries (Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, the Philippines, and Thailand) in Southeast Asia are used in this study. Data collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) regarding the genus <i>Gallus</i> sp. in a Southeast Asian country. Data analysis was performed using MEGA 7.2 and DnaSP v6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the haplotype found in <i>Gallus</i> sp. in Southeast Asia, there are 89 haplotypes. Using a neighbor-joining (Nj) analysis, 89 haplotypes found three haplogroups for <i>Gallus</i> sp. in Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, the genetic diversity of the d-loop is exceptionally high, with a haplotype diversity value of 0.524 to 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>D-loop cannot be used as a specific marker for breeds or country-specifics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semen quality and frozen semen production in Pasundan bulls: A molecular weight perspective on seminal plasma and spermatozoa protein.","authors":"Abdullah Baharun, Annisa Rahmi, Ristika Handarini, Tulus Maulana, Syahruddin Said, Hikmayani Iskandar, Imam Darussalam, Wilmientje Marlene Mesang Nalley, Raden Iis Arifiantini","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j728","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the correlation between the molecular weight (MW) of proteins in seminal plasma and spermatozoa and the quality of fresh and frozen semen production in Pasundan bulls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nine selected Pasundan bulls, aged 5-10 years, from the Regional Artificial Insemination Center at Ciamis, West Java, Indonesia, were used in the study, with fresh semen sperm motility ≥70% and <70%. We analyzed the motility, viability, integrity of the intact plasma membrane (IPM), and the morphological characteristics of spermatozoa. 1D-SDS-PAGE analysis was performed to determine the protein profile by assessing MW, depicted as bands on the gel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The motility, viability, and IPM of spermatozoa had lower values (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in Pasundan bulls named Bagaskara and Kertarajasa compared to the other bulls. Proteins with MW 35-50 kDa were not detected in the seminal plasma of Pasundan bulls, exhibiting low quality in fresh semen. The correlation analysis showed that the non-detected proteins with MW 35-50 kDa in seminal plasma correlated with spermatozoa motility (<i>r =</i> 0.421), viability (<i>r =</i> 0.424), and IPM (<i>r =</i> 0.428) so that fresh semen quality was low in both Pasundan bulls. Analysis of semen volume, spermatozoa concentration, and spermatozoa motility showed that the average frozen semen production of Pasundan bulls per ejaculate was 128.73 ± 15.35 straws.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protein analysis based on MW is a predictive indicator for the quality of fresh semen and the production of frozen semen in Pasundan bulls. Evaluation parameters of fresh semen quality by MW analysis can be used to select Pasundan bulls in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of nanoparticles, a modern means of drug delivery, against cryptosporidiosis.","authors":"Faleh A AlFaleh, Shameeran Salman Ismael, Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino, Fernando Edgar Martínez Silva, Tayyaba Ashraf, Rao Zahid Abbas, Warda Qamar","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j726","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> is a primary cause of waterborne epidemics, despite being previously considered only an opportunistic pathogen. The disease is associated with significant economic losses in humans and animals that are brought on by diarrhea, which frequently causes dehydration. Contact with diseased people or animals, as well as polluted water, is the major cause of infection. Different drugs are used to control the parasites. Nitazoxanide (NTZ), which is an anti-protozoan and anti-viral drug, can be used to control helminths, viruses, and protozoan parasites as a broad-spectrum antibiotic and has been approved by the food and drug authority (FDA). However, the problem is the development of resistance over a period of time in these parasites. Nanoparticles have received significant attention as possible anti-parasitic agents in recent years. By directing medications to specific cellular locations, targeted drug delivery minimizes the side effects of medications. Nanoparticles have demonstrated effectiveness against different <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species. Nanoparticles loaded with NTZ are found to be an effective remedy for <i>C. parvum</i> in young ones and decrease the oocyst count shed in the stools. Additionally, silver nanoparticles have proven to be effective against <i>C. parvum</i> by releasing silver ions that breach the cell wall of the oocyst, causing the escape of intracellular contents and the destruction of sporozoites within the oocyst. Implementing tiny particles for the purification of consuming water from <i>Cryptosporidium</i> is an economical and environmentally sustainable process. However, the use of nanoparticles in medicine requires more research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anti-obesity properties of <i>Anredera cordifolia</i> leaf extract in rats fed a high-fat diet through inhibition of adipogenesis.","authors":"Rusdiana Rusdiana, Tri Widyawati, Dina Keumala Sari, Sry Suryani Widjaja, Deddi Prima Putra","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j737","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Various disease complications are a risk of overweight or obesity, so losing weight can reduce the risk of diseases caused by obesity. Binahong leaf ethanol extract (<i>Anredera cordifolia</i>) is a weight-loss herbal preparation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to analyze whether <i>A. cordifolia</i> extract is effective in losing weight by affecting the mechanism of adipogenesis in an animal obesity model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Animals were grouped into six groups as follows: the normal diet (K1), the negative control group (K2), the positive control group with Orlistat at a dose of 20 mg/kg BW (K3), an ethanol extract of <i>A. cordifolia</i> leaves at doses of 50 mg/kg BW (P1), 100 mg/kg BW group (P2), and 150 mg/kg BW (P3). All rats were fed a diet that consisted of high fat for eight weeks, except K1. Afterward, the treatments were given based on group distribution. Then, the rats were treated based on their groups for 4 weeks, and the high-fat diet was still given during the treatment for the control groups (K2). Anthropometric examinations such as body weight, length, and the circumference of the abdomen were measured. Metabolic parameters, including blood glucose, cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and abdominal fat weight, were measured using molecular parameters that measured PI3K levels and Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in abdominal fat tissue samples using the ELISA method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ERK levels of abdominal fat were lowered in the treatment group using the extract of <i>A. cordifolia</i> (50 mg/kg BW (P1) and 100 mg/kg BW (P2)) compared to the control group that was given a high-fat diet without treatment. The control group, which was fed a high-fat diet without treatment, had an average ERK level of 10.17 ± 2.98 ng/ml, P1 (50 mg/kg BW). Furthermore, when ethanol extracts were used as opposed to the control group, which received a high-fat diet without treatment, there was an increase in phosphoinositide three-kinase (PI3K) levels (K2). The control group received 9.35 ± 2.87 ng/ml, the treatment group received 100 mg/kg BW (P2) 9.48 ± 1.54 ng/ml, and the treatment group received 150 mg/kg BW (P3) 7.87 ± 1.79 ng/ml. The weight of fat in the abdomen differed between the groups that received a high-fat diet without treatment (K2) and those that received a high-fat diet with treatment (P1, P2, P3; <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Anredera cordifolia</i> extract possesses anti-obesity activities by decreasing ERK and increasing PI3K levels, as well as reducing abdominal fat weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative feed management system in sheep fed different physical forms of ration containing <i>Ipomoea aquatica</i> on the performance, rumen characteristics, and chewing activity.","authors":"Retno Adiwinarti, Edy Rianto, Endang Purbowati, Vita Restitrisnani, Agung Purnomoadi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j723","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effectiveness of different physical forms of feed containing <i>Ipomoea aquatica</i> waste and concentrate feed on the rumen characteristics, chewing activity, and performance of sheep.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-four rams (19.87 ± 2.19 kg) were arranged in a completely randomized design. Rams were fed dried <i>I. aquatica</i> waste and concentrate feed provided separately (RCF) (conventional feeding system), and total mixed ration consisted of mash complete feed (MCF), and pelleted complete feed (PCF). The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of rams fed different physical forms of feed containing <i>I. aquatica</i> waste in their diet were similar between the treatments, ranging from 4.08% to 4.29% of body weight, 120-180 gm, and 6.32-9.17, respectively. Different physical feeds did not affect microbial synthesis in the rumen. Methane emissions per unit of production were similar between the groups. The PCF sheep ate faster (0.24 min/gm DMI) than the MCF sheep (0.38 min/gm DMI), but similar to the RCF sheep (0.31 min/gm DMI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dried <i>I. aquatica</i> waste was useful as an alternative lamb feed roughage during the dry season. The pelleted mixed ration was more efficient than mash in increasing DMI. The dried <i>I. aquatica</i> waste was environmentally friendly for mitigating enteric methane emissions by sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}