Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of water temperature on the anesthetic effects of alfaxalone in carp (Cyprinus carpio).","authors":"Kenichi Maeda, Daiki Hotta, Takuma Matsui, Satomi Iwai, Shozo Okanao","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of water temperature on intramuscular injected alfaxalone anesthesia in carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six healthy adult carp (<i>C. carpio</i>) were intramuscularly injected with alfaxalone (2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 mg/kg) at normal water temperature (25°C) and at low water temperature (2.5 mg/kg, 15°C). The respiratory rate, heart rate (HR), and anesthesia depth (AD) were evaluated every 5 min for 30 min after administration and every 1 h after 60 min after injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The respiratory and HRs did not change significantly upon alfaxalone injection, regardless of dose. However, a dose-dependent increase in AD scores was observed. Furthermore, 2.5 mg/kg alfaxalone injected in 15°C water showed an almost equal anesthetic effect to that of 5.0 mg/kg alfaxalone in 25°C water.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alfaxalone is readily available, and its anesthetic effect in carp was enhanced by lowering water temperature, illustrating the possibility of intramuscular injection of alfaxalone in fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and quantification of heavy metals and minerals in poultry feed collected from selected local markets in Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Khirul Islam, Sabbya Sachi, Quazi Forhad Quadir, Mahmudul Hasan Sikder, Muhammad Omar Faruque, Mohammad Alam Miah, Md Shafiqul Islam, Arif Hossen Sani, Pollab Baishya, Kazi Rafiq","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was primarily conducted to assess the stakeholders' knowledge regarding the contamination caused by heavy metals in poultry feedstuffs. The concentration of some heavy metals (lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel) and macro-minerals (sodium, potassium, and calcium) was also analyzed in poultry feeds collected from selected local markets in Sherpur district, Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A well-structured questionnaire survey was used to investigate different stakeholders' perspectives in relation to metal contamination in feed. Heavy metals and calcium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The flame emission spectrophotometric technique was applied to determine sodium and potassium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the stakeholders (90%) were found to have no knowledge regarding heavy metal contamination. Lead and nickel concentrations were below the detectable level in the collected samples. The average concentration of chromium in Jhenaigati upazila was four times higher than in Nalitabari upazila, at 21.806 mg kg^-1 and 5.452 mg kg^-1, respectively. The concentrations of cadmium in both brand and nonbrand samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit set by the European Union at 1.329 mg kg^-1 and 1.328 mg kg^-1, respectively. Sodium, potassium, and calcium were found in the ranges of 0.0011%-0.0035%, 0.0010%-0.0013%, and 0.0080%-0.0305%, which were extremely low in concentration compared to the minimum requirement in poultry feed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular surveillance and governance systems should be incorporated into national policy to cease the hazardous impacts of heavy metals through feed contamination. From a nutritional viewpoint, poultry feeds need to be critically formulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of strictly anaerobic cellulolytic rumen bacterial species from Sahiwal cattle.","authors":"Muhammad Ashiqul Alam, Md Jannat Hossain, M Sohidullah, Md Shahidur Rahman Khan, Khan Md Shaiful Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To isolate and characterize cellulolytic rumen bacteria from the rumen of Sahiwal cattle using rumen bacterial inoculum to increase the nutritional value of rice bran used as broiler feed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The ruminal liquid was kept at an optimal pH of 6.9 and a redox potential of less than -300 mV while being incubated anaerobically at 39°C in a medium containing rumen fluid glucose cellobiose agar. By using the Hungate technique, the organisms were detected based on their morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that the isolated <i>Ruminococcus albus</i>, and <i>Ruminococcus flavifaciens</i> were obligate anaerobic, generally Gram-positive, nonmotile cocci or rod, single or pair, occasionally short chain, producing yellow pigment when grown on cellulose, and having a clear zone around the colonies. Both isolate fermented sugars such as cellobiose, glucose, and lactose, as well as decomposed xylan. The results also showed that the isolates recognized as <i>Ruminococcus</i> spp., a cellulolytic rumen bacterium, were catalase-negative, indole-negative, and gelatin liquefaction-positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Isolation and characterization of <i>Ruminococcus</i> spp. may be helpful for Bangladesh in reducing the cost of producing poultry feed and circumventing restrictions on rice bran use. We can also develop more efficient and long-lasting plans to enhance poultry performance and feed efficiency, as well as increase the nutritional value of rice bran used as broiler feed, by understanding how various <i>Ruminococcus</i> spp. function in this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation characteristics of various tropical seaweeds.","authors":"Nur Hidayah, Cuk Tri Noviandi, Andriyani Astuti, Kustantinah Kustantinah","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j731","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to evaluate potential tropical seaweed from Indonesia as an ingredient or supplement feed for ruminants based on chemical composition and <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The seven natural tropical seaweeds (three green and four red species) were collected from Ndrini and Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experimental design on secondary metabolite profiles used a completely randomized design, and the <i>in vitro</i> gas production test used a randomized complete block design with seven seaweed species variances and four replications (blocks) based on rumen fluid collection time. The data obtained was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Duncan's Multiple Range Test was used to test the variation in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seven tropical seaweed species have potential as mineral sources for ruminants, except for macromineral (P and S) and micromineral (Cu). The red tropical seaweed has potential as a protein source (<i>Gelidium spinosum</i> (S.G.Gmelin) P.C. Silva<i>, Hypnea pannosa,</i> and <i>Acanthopora muscoides</i> (L.) Bory), and the green seaweed (<i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> (O.F. Mull.) Kutz and <i>Cladopora</i> sp.) has potential as a crude fiber (CF) source for ruminants. As indicated by secondary metabolites and gas production <i>in vitro</i>, the green species (<i>C. linum</i> (O.F. Mull.) Kutz and <i>Enteromorpha compressa</i>) and red species (<i>A. muscoides</i> (L.) Bory and <i>Gelidium amansii</i> (J.V. Lamouroux) J.V. Lamouroux) could be degraded in the rumen and had quite high phenolic compounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The seven tropical seaweed species have the potential to be an ingredient or supplement feed for ruminants, and there were four species that have the potential to reduce methane emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of aspergillosis outbreak in young ducklings: Unraveling the role of hatcheries in <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> transmission.","authors":"Ahmed El-Shemy, Hoda Mekky, Mohamed Bosila, Khaled Elbayoumi, Mohamed Amer, Mohamed Elaish","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j732","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aspergillosis is a disease that affects several species of birds and causes substantial losses in the poultry business. The purpose of the investigation was to identify the pathogen responsible for a respiratory outbreak among juvenile ducklings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An epidemic of Aspergillosis infected a total of 800 Muscovy ducks that were being reared in El-Beheira Governorate. Tissue samples were obtained to isolate suspected fungi from diseased birds and the hatchery environment. In addition, identification and molecular characterization were performed on the obtained fungal isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Affected birds displayed acute respiratory manifestations such as difficulty breathing, gasping for air, nasal discharge, and a mortality rate of up to 28.1%. Postmortem examination revealed bronchitis, tracheitis, congested lungs, air sacculitis, severe multifocal granulomatous pneumonia, a congested, enlarged liver, and a congested kidney with nephritis. Mycological examination revealed seven <i>Aspergillus</i> (<i>A.)</i> spp. isolates from ducklings and six from hatcheries. Isolate colonial morphology and microscopical examination were as follows: <i>A. fumigatus, A. niger, Syncephalastrum racemosum</i>, and four untypable isolates. These isolates were further identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) gene was detected. Four representative isolates were submitted for sequencing and further phylogenetic analysis. The source of duckling infection might be linked to the hatchery environment due to the observed similarity of isolates from both affected birds and the hatchery, as evidenced by phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrated the significance of appropriate hatchery control in preventing infection in young ducklings. Furthermore, the use of molecular identification techniques would be helpful for tracing the source of infection and rapid diagnosis of <i>Aspergillus</i> in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The balance of rumen degradable protein and readily available carbohydrate in sheep rations on <i>in vitro</i> fermentability.","authors":"Yunilas Yunilas, Mardiati Zain, Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria, Jasmal Ahmari Syamsu","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j729","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Protein and carbohydrates are substances needed by ruminants, especially sheep. Providing protein and carbohydrates must pay attention to their degradation. In addition, balancing nutrients to meet the nutritional needs of rumen microbes is very important because the unbalanced availability of rumen degradable protein (RDP) and readily available carbohydrate (RAC) at one time can cause suboptimal microbial protein synthesis efficiency.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Completely randomized design with a nonfactorial pattern of five treatments with three replications. Treatment includes RDP and RAC ratios, namely R1 = 2.30, R2 = 2.00, R3 = 1.70, R4 = 1.50, and R5 = 1.30.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the balance of RDP and RAC in sheep ration formulation <i>in vitro</i> had a very significant effect (<i>p</i> < 0.01) on NH₃, microbial protein synthesis, total gas, total microbes, and organic matter digestibility (OMD) but had no significant effect (<i>p</i> > 0.05) on rumen pH and dry matter digestibility (DMD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The optimal balance of RDP and RAC in the formulation of sheep rations <i>in vitro</i> was obtained at a ratio of 2.30 with NH₃ (mM) 8.47, rumen pH 5.97, microbial protein synthesis (mg/100 ml) 123, gas (ml/g of material) 145, total microbes (cells/ml) 2.012 × 10⁶, (log CFU cells/ml) 6.3025, DMD 61.0%, and OMD 63.1%.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The meta-analysis of beef cattle body weight prediction using body measurement approach with breed, sex, and age categories.","authors":"Frediansyah Firdaus, Bayu Andri Atmoko, Endang Baliarti, Tri Satya Mastuti Widi, Dyah Maharani, Panjono Panjono","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j718","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to use a meta-analysis to identify the correlation between linear body measurements, including body length (BL), wither height (WH), heart girth (HG), and body volume (BV), and body weight in beef cattle by breed, sex, and age as categories.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>These results can be used as a method for predicting beef cattle body weight. This study used systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines to create a checklist. The first stage was searching for papers relevant to the study objectives. The second stage was searching using the keywords beef cattle, body weight, body measurement, and correlation. The third stage was reviewing the title and abstract. The fourth stage was abstracting information from selected papers, and the last stage was tabulating data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results from this study were obtained, and 32 papers were eligible for the meta-analysis stage. The correlation between linear body measurement and body weight of beef cattle showed that HG (<i>r</i> = 0.88) and BV (<i>r</i> = 0.97) were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) different compared to BL (<i>r</i> = 0.74) and WH (<i>r</i> = 0.72). The correlation between HG and body weight, and the categorization of cattle breeds showed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) different results. The correlation between BV and body weight of cattle according to breed categories showed results that were not significantly (<i>p</i> > 0.05) different, while age was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, to predict beef cattle body weight, it is necessary to use HG or BV, with breed, sex, and age of cattle as categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential immunomodulatory effect of levamisole in humans and farm animals.","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Gholami, Ali Rassouli, Sepideh Mirzaei, Farid Hashemi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j717","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study conducted a literature review to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of levamisole in both humans and farm animals. The following procedure was followed for database searching: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. All research works were updated to September 2022. The terms used in the literature search were included: (\"levamisole\" OR \"immunity\" OR \"immune system\") AND (\"adjuvant\" OR \"fish\" OR \"poultry\" OR \"farm animal\" OR \"cattle\" OR \"sheep\"). The current review enlightens the extensive potential of levamisole as an adjuvant immunotherapeutic agent and explains its divergent applications beyond its antiparasitic use as an adjuvant, dietary supplement, immunostimulant, antiviral, and anti-cancer drug in humans and farm animals. In the articles examined, various mechanisms have been proposed for levamisole immunoprotective effects, but hormonal alteration and stress hormone reduction are indicated as the main mechanisms in various animal species.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirulina supplementation to alleviate negative effects of lead in layer chicken.","authors":"Md Mizanur Rahman, Md Shahidul Islam, Rakibul Hasan, Pritam Saha, Mohammad Shah Alam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j735","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal, is a serious concern for poultry that negatively affects their productivity and health. To combat those issues efficiently, it is necessary to include feed supplements that have rich antioxidant properties for satisfactory health and productivity. <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (Sp), a microalgae, is a compound that provides several health benefits for humans and animals. This study explores that supplementation of Sp in diet as well as in water reduces the burden of Pb in different tissues, improves hematology, and improves the productive performance of advanced-age laying hens.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty birds were separated into four groups: the control (C), Spirulina (Sp), Pb, and (Pb + Sp) groups. The Pb group was given Pb acetate at a dose of 2 gm/l in water <i>ad libitum</i> for 4 weeks. Sp group was fed Sp at a dose of 4 gm/kg feed. The Pb + Sp group was given Pb and Sp as in the previous groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Productive performance and hematology such as hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume, red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) concentration, and MCH were significantly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) decreased in Pb-treated groups compared to controls. The distribution of Pb concentration was highest in the bones and lowest in the gizzard. However, Sp treatment significantly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) increased the productive performance and the hematological parameters. Moreover, Pb concentration in different organs significantly decreased in the group treated with Sp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that Sp can possibly be used as a natural and powerful dietary additive to mitigate heavy metal intoxication in chickens, thereby being efficient and effective for production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of Andaliman (<i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i> DC) fruit as an ethanol extract for neuroprotection in aged model rat.","authors":"Dwi R Anggraini, Syafruddin Ilyas, Poppy A Z Hasibuan, Yetty Machrina, Tri Widyawati, Rusdiana Rusdiana, Fitriani Lumongga, Suryani E Mustika","doi":"10.5455/javar.2023.j713","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2023.j713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dementia is a common aging-related neurodegenerative disease in the elderly worldwide. Alterations in neurogenesis and angiogenesis factors have been linked to cognitive impairment in neurological disorders. However, synthetic drugs to improve memory disorders have uncomfortable side effects. The purpose of this study is to explore the neuroprotective potential of the fruit ethanol extract of andaliman (<i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i> DC) [Andaliman fruit ethanol extract (AEE)] on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and spatial memory in rat models of aging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study had an experimental design with AEE. The 4 groups were treated as follows: N (normal), M (served as positive control), P1 (AEE 150 mg/kg bw), and P2 (AEE 300 mg/kg BW) for 8 weeks. Aged model rats (M, P1, and P2) were obtained by inducing D-galactose (150 mg/kg bw). BDNF and VEGF expression were determined by RT-PCR, and spatial memory was assessed using the test of the Moris Water Maze (MWM). The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AEE had a tendency to increase BDNF in P2 compared to the normal group (1.98 versus 1). VEGF expression increased in P1 and P2 compared to the normal group (1.14 and 1.29 versus 1). AEE at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw significantly improved spatial memory (<i>p</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For eight weeks, AEE at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw considerably increased the potential to enhance VEGF and BDNF expression as well as spatial memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}