Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Isolation of antibiotic-resistant strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> from raw milk produced by dairy cows with subclinical bovine mastitis.","authors":"Saima Batool, Zubia Masood, Asim Ullah, Wali Khan, Mourad Ben Said, Hanène Belkahia, Alaa Bassuny Ismael, Ayman A Swelum","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l892","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The rise of antibiotic-resistant strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in dairy milk products is a global concern, compromising treatment efficacy and highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Therefore, a study was conducted to isolate <i>S. aureus</i> strains (<i>N</i> = 21) from raw milk samples of cows infected with subclinical bovine mastitis. Additionally, the resistance of these strains against 12 different antibiotics was examined.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty raw cow milk samples, 20 from each of three separate dairy farms in Lahore city, were collected and screened for the presence of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus.</i> It was discovered that 70% of these milk samples were contaminated with this bacterium, indicating a widespread presence across the farms. Different isolation tests were employed in this study, including gram staining, capsule staining, catalase, mannitol salt fermentation, DNase, coagulase, and oxidase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained results revealed that the isolated strains of <i>S. aureus</i> showed % of their resistance against different antibiotics in the order of amoxicillin (85%), penicillin (71%), gentamicin (CN) (42%), carbenicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (33%), streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, and oxytetracycline (28%), cefotaxime (10%), and chloramphenicol (4%) in decreasing order, respectively. However, these strains showed no resistance against Bacitracin and Ampicillin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The existence of resistant strains of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> has been attributed to various factors, such as poor milk hygiene, delayed milk transportation, subclinical bovine mastitis among dairy cows, and antibiotic-resistant genes. Thus, our present study will provide useful information about the resistant strains of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i>, which may transfer through cows into milk and then produce serious food-borne diseases in human beings. This study will be helpful to improve and control the quality of dairy products in Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"252-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the global scientific knowledge of peste des petits ruminants virus from 1990 to 2023: Identifying research hotspots, gaps, and future directions.","authors":"Ibrahim M Alzuheir","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l875","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to analyze and map existing research literature on peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) to identify research hotspots, knowledge gaps, and future directions. PPRV causes peste des petits ruminants (PPRs) disease, leading to significant impacts on small ruminants through high mortality rates and trade limitations. Eradication programs are led by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Organization for Animal Health.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Scopus database using keywords related to PPRV and PPR, covering the period from 1990 to 2023. Validation methods were employed to verify the search strategy's accuracy. Data analysis focused on identifying temporal evolution, geographical distribution, key contributors, sources, research hotspots, and gaps, which were visualized using maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 478 research documents from 1,834 authors, with most being research articles (91.0%). A significant increase in publications was observed from 1990 to 2023, peaking in 2019 and 2021. India led with 112 articles, followed by the UK (79) and China (71). Top research institutions included the Indian Veterinary Research Institute and the Pirbright Institute in the UK. Major contributors like S. Parida and V. Balamurugan formed dense international collaboration networks. Key journals included \"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases\" and \"Journal of Virological Methods.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals an increased global scientific production on PPRV, driven by international collaboration. However, research gaps remain, particularly from North African and Middle Eastern countries. Priorities include vaccine development, vaccination campaigns, veterinary capacity building, and enhanced reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction implementation. Insights from ths study can guide policymakers, funders, and researchers in prioritizing resources and strategies to eradicate PPRV, ensuring sustainable livestock health and economic stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two blind brachial plexus blocks in goat cadavers.","authors":"Sunisa Sirimongkolvorakul, Tanasid Sornphu","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l872","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare two approaches to the brachial plexus: the traditional blind method and an additional technique, both of which use anatomical landmarks to guide needle insertion.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The traditional and additional approaches were performed on both thoracic limbs of 24 cadavers (24 for each approach). Methylene dye is used for injection and nerve staining. We counted the nerves that successfully stained (staining less than 1 cm). The Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test was used to compare approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that all cadavers were successfully used. The traditional approach and the additional approach revealed success rates of 45.83% and 54.17%, respectively. We found no significant differences between the two techniques (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The additional approach presents a viable alternative to the traditional method for performing the brachial plexus block in goats. Further research into the clinical differences between these techniques could lead to useful insights that help make them more accurate and useful.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors of anisakiasis associated with raw seafood consumption in the Sangihe Islands, Indonesia.","authors":"Dhito Dwi Pramardika, Fadjar Satrija, Sulistiono Sulistiono, Risa Tiuria, Arifin Budiman Nugraha, Sri Murtini","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l867","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anisakiasis and its associated risk factors in the Sangihe Islands Regency, Indonesia, where people have a unique habit of consuming raw seafood \"Kinilo.\"</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 112 respondents who met the inclusion criteria using the Indirect ELISA method with the <i>Anisakidae</i> immunoglobulin G (IgG) kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that 59/112 respondents (52.67%) were seropositive for Anisakidae IgG, with significant risk factors such as the consumption of <i>Katsuwonus pelamis</i> and measures related to eating habits. Multivariate analysis revealed that consumption of raw <i>K. pelamis</i> was associated with a 45.748 times higher risk of anisakiasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the need to raise awareness and implement interventions to prevent infection, including fish processing and storage education. This study emphasizes the need for a holistic health approach to reduce the risk factors for anisakiasis in at-risk communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"8-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12520240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145300885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dietary zinc nanoparticles and probiotics on broiler health and productivity.","authors":"Amera N Alqahtani","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l868","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the effects of dietary nano-zinc (ZnNPs), probiotics (P), and their combined use such as growth promoters, antibacterial agents, and organic antioxidants on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemistry, meat quality, and cecal microbiota of broiler chicks.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The trial was conducted from 7 to 35 days of age using a randomized complete trial design with 240 unsexed Ross 308 chicks (initial body weight 104.37 ± 0.16 gm). The chicks were allocated into four treatment groups, each containing 60 chicks, with six replicates (4×6×10). The treatments were as follows: a control group fed a standard diet and three experimental groups receiving diets supplemented with ZnNPs (3.0 cm³/kg), probiotics (P, 2.0 cm³/kg), or a combination of ZnNPs + P (3.0 + 2.0 cm³/kg).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that ZnNPs and probiotics exhibited significant antibacterial activity against harmful bacteria and mold, effectively suppressing microbial growth at concentrations ranging from 50 to 95 µg/ml. The inclusion of ZnNPs and probiotics in the diets resulted in improved growth performance, with a higher body weight compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All carcass characteristics were positively influenced by the treatments, showing significant improvements compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly reduced in the ZnNPs and probiotics-treated groups, suggesting enhanced antioxidant activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Blood biochemical indicators, including immunoglobulin concentrations, were higher in the treated groups, pointing to an improved immune response. The meat quality of the broilers also significantly improved in terms of texture, juiciness, and tenderness. Additionally, the number of harmful cecal microorganisms decreased in the supplemented groups, leading to a healthier gut microbiota and overall improved animal health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study shows that dietary supplementation with ZnNPs and probiotics has a positive impact on broiler growth, carcass traits, meat quality, blood parameters, and microbial status. These results suggest that incorporating ZnNPs and probiotics into broiler diets can be an effective strategy for enhancing productivity, meat quality, and overall health status, ultimately improving the sustainability of poultry production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing smoked meat (Se'i sapi) quality: The impact of adding essential oils of cinnamon and lime leaf during room temperature storage.","authors":"Restu Ratih Kinasih, Safna Fauziah, Usamah Abdi Kafa, Dita Aviana Devi, Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi, Edi Suryanto, Andi Febrisiantosa, Annisa Kusumaningrum, Aldicky Faisal Amri, Eki Prilla Sulistyono, Bayu Murti Dewandaru, Asep Nurhikmat, Endy Triyannanto","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l869","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines the effects of lime leaf and cinnamon essential oils (EOs) at different concentrations and storage durations on the quality of Se'i under ambient conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used a two-factor completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor involved EO concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, while the second factor was storage duration at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Key parameters evaluated included pH, tenderness, thiobarbituric acid values, meat color, and sensory analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that adding EOs effectively preserved the smoked meat, with improved quality parameters compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding 0.5% lime leaf or cinnamon essential oil to Se'i made it taste and look much better, showing that it could be used as a natural way to keep smoked meats fresh.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and genetic confirmation of the <i>Cryptosporidium species</i> in fish handlers in Baghdad city.","authors":"Noor Majed Obead, Amer Rasool Alhaboubi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2025.l866","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2025.l866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims to investigate molecular confirmation for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species in fish handlers in Baghdad City, central Iraq.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty stool samples were collected between early November 2023 and late April 2024. All samples were examined phenotypically using a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and genotypically (nested polymerase chain reaction technique) based on a partial sequence of 18S rRNA genes with sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total molecular results identified <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> with an infection rate of 45% (27/60). A higher infection rate of 51.9% (14/27) was found in the age group between 15 and 35 years, and male handlers recorded a lower infection rate (45%) than females (41.6%). April had a higher elevation in the infection rate of 60% (6/10) than other months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The <i>C</i>. <i>parvum</i> was the only species found in fish handlers, and these local isolates have higher similarity with other isolates of China and Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and antimicrobial resistance patterns of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> from caprine respiratory tract infections: A hospital-based clinical study.","authors":"Shanta Barua, Md Abu Sayeed, Md Ashiqur Rahman, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Mohammed Yousuf Elahi Chowdhury, Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k855","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> are the most common opportunistic pathogens frequently associated with respiratory tract infection (RTI) in different animals. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the occurrence of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> in goats with RTI, analyze the antimicrobial resistance patterns, and explore potential risk factors contributing to RTI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 120 nasal swab samples were collected from goats, and standard classical bacteriological methods were performed to isolate and identify <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Subsequently, the disc diffusion method was employed to evaluate the antimicrobial sensitivity test. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with RTI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 13.3% (<i>N =</i> 16; <i>N =</i> 120) isolates were confirmed as <i>S. aureus,</i> and 6.67% (<i>N =</i> 8; <i>N =</i> 120) isolates were confirmed as <i>E. coli</i>. All S. <i>aureus</i> isolates were resistant to ampicillin, and all <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and penicillin. Among the isolated organisms, 43.7% (<i>N =</i> 7; <i>N =</i> 16) <i>S. aureus</i> and 62.5% (<i>N =</i> 5; <i>N =</i> 8) <i>E. coli</i> isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (resistant to ≥3 classes of antimicrobials). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female goats [(odds ratio) OR: 4.2; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.8-20.8; <i>p</i> = 0.074] and goats in poor health condition (OR: 3.8; 95% CI: 0.7-19.3; <i>p</i> = 0.100) were more prone to RTI caused by <i>S. aureus</i>. Besides, goats that were not dewormed (OR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1-23.6; <i>p</i> = 0.051) and those reared in semi-intensive conditions (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 0.8-8.7; <i>p</i> = 0.092) were found to be at higher risk of <i>S. aureus</i>-mediated RTI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings highlight the importance of implementing improved farm management practices and efficient antimicrobial resistance control approaches to minimize respiratory infections and reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance in goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"1037-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of zinc sulfate for the development of zinc-fortified meat products from broiler meat.","authors":"Asma Sultana, Nathu Ram Sarker, Raihan Habib, Md Shahin Alam, Dulal Chandra Paul, Mst Farhana Sharmin, Aminul Islam, Ruhul Amin, Md Sazedul Karim Sarker","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k864","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to assess the feasibility of incorporating food-grade zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) for making zinc-fortified meatballs from broiler meat.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 20 broiler breasts were treated with different concentrations of elemental zinc (Zn) of food-grade ZnSO₄ for making meatballs. The study included a control group without added Zn (T0: 0 mg/kg) and treatment groups with Zn concentrations of 10 mg/kg (T1), 20 mg/kg (T2), 30 mg/kg (T3), and 40 mg/kg (T4). Post-cooking, the meatball samples underwent preservation at -20°C for proximate composition, quality parameters, storage quality, texture, and sensory analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Though the moisture content of meatballs did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> > 0.05), the T4 meatballs showed higher moisture percentages and significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) higher crude protein content compared to the control. However, a significant increase in cook yield (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and water-holding capacity (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were revealed by the T4 group. The T4 meatball recovered around 41.8% Zn. The malondialdehyde levels in all samples were acceptable when kept in the chiller for ten days. Moreover, the addition of varying doses of ZnSO₄ did not result in a significant alteration (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the hardness of the meatballs. The sensory panelists also validated the instrumental outcome of hardness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of 40 mg/kg of elemental Zn from ZnSO₄ improves nutritional composition and quality with no alteration of the texture and sensory properties of the meatball. This dose could be an effective strategy for fortifying chicken meat products and could offer a valuable source of dietary Zn for human consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"1130-1138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of quail egg supplements enriched with marine macroalgae <i>Eucheuma</i> spinosum on the physiological condition of Sprague Dawley rats during pregnancy.","authors":"Hasan Basri, Slamet Widiyanto, Hendry T S Saragih, Zuprizal Zuprizal","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k862","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of quail egg supplements enriched with marine macroalgae <i>Eucheuma spinosum</i> on body weight and physiological conditions of <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study used a completely randomized experimental design. The test animals were 25 pregnant white rats aged 3 months and weighed ± 200 gm. Pregnant rats were divided into five treatments and five repetitions; each repetition contained one pregnant rat. T0: control treatment; T1: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed commercial feed; T2: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 3% <i>E. spinosum</i>; T3: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 4% <i>E. spinosum</i>; T4: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 5% <i>E. spinosum</i>. The parameters measured were egg proximate, egg iron, egg cholesterol, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), <i>neutrophils</i> (NEUT), RBC distribution width (RDW), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, <i>superoxide dismutase</i> (SOD), and m<i>alondialdehyde</i> (MDA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of <i>E. spinosum</i> into quail feed at concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% did not show statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the proximate levels (water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates) compared to the control. However, the analysis of iron in quail eggs indicated a significant increase (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in comparison to the control treatment. In addition, the supplementation of <i>E. spinosum</i> in the quail feed resulted in significantly reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) quail egg cholesterol levels when compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, the supplementation of quail egg produced by quail fed with <i>E. spinosum</i> did not significantly affect the birth weight of the pups, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, LYM, NEUT, RDW, PDW, MPV, MDA, and SOD when compared to the control treatment (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Meanwhile, the mother weight, Hb, HCT, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and glucose levels significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The administration of <i>E. spinosum</i> with concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% can increase iron levels and decrease cholesterol levels in quail eggs. The administration of quail egg supplements produced by quail-fed additional macroalgae <i>E. spinosum</i> can increase body weight, Hb, and HCT in pregnant rats. The addition of marine macroalgae with concentrations of 4% and 5% can decrease the levels of cholesterol, LDL, and glucose and increase serum HDL levels in pregnant rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"1114-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}