Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Fortification of tropical macroalgae (<i>Gelidium</i> sp., <i>Gracilaria</i> sp., <i>Sargassum</i> sp., <i>Ulva</i> sp.) enhances mineral profile, strength, and ruminal degradability of mineral blocks for beef cattle.","authors":"Gunawan Gunawan, Ahmad Sofyan, Erna Winarti, Harwi Kusnadi, Awistaros Angger Sakti, I Nyoman Guna Darma, Ririen Indriawaty Altandjung, Wulandari Wulandari, Heru Ponco Wardono, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi, Dwi Eny Djoko Setyono, Sutardi Sutardi, Karen Jean Harper","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1012","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Mineral blocks are widely used for ruminant supplementation, but their low mineral availability and weak physical properties often limit nutrient utilization. This study evaluated the effects of fortifying mineral blocks with tropical macroalgae on their mineral composition, physical quality, ruminal degradability, and palatability in Ongole crossbred bulls. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments, comprising one non-fortified control (MBNF) and four macroalgae-fortified mineral blocks (MBFM) containing <i>Gelidium</i> sp., <i>Gracilaria</i> sp., <i>Sargassum</i> sp., or <i>Ulva</i> sp., each replicated three times. The mineral composition was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and the physical properties were evaluated in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 1974:2011). <i>In vitro</i> ruminal degradation and gas production were measured over a 72-h incubation in five replicates per treatment, whereas palatability was assessed in 10 Ongole crossbred bulls. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean differences were tested by Duncan's Multiple Range Test at <i>p</i> < 0.05. <b>Results:</b> Fortification with <i>Gelidium</i> sp. significantly increased Potassium (K), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), and Copper (Cu) contents compared with MBNF (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compressive strength improved by up to 69%, particularly in <i>Gelidium</i>-fortified blocks (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Ruminal degradability was enhanced, with dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility increasing by 39% and 36%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Palatability tests showed no significant differences in block consumption between MBFM and MBNF (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Fortifying mineral blocks with <i>Gelidium</i> sp. improved mineral enrichment, compressive strength, and ruminal degradability without reducing palatability, indicating its potential as an effective mineral supplementation strategy for Ongole crossbred bulls.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"78-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat quality assessment at different slaughter weights of broilers sold in the retail market of Dhaka City, Bangladesh: An integrated approach.","authors":"Md Saiful Islam, Md Jahidul Islam, Zannatul Naim, Rahat Nahiyan Ramim, Jianfeng He, Md Asaduzzaman, Md Najmul Haque, Md Ismail, Masud Bin Tuhin, Md Arafat Hossain, Muhammad Ashad Kabir","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1014","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The current research aimed to determine the optimal broiler size for consumers using an integrated approach encompassing carcass characteristics, physical properties, nutritional profiles, sensory evaluation, and microbial load in meat. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 45 broiler birds were chosen and categorized into three groups: 1.0-1.5 kg, 1.5-2.0 kg, and 2.0-2.5 kg. Each group consisted of 15 birds. Carcass characteristics and several physical properties, including drip loss, pH, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, and marinade retention, were measured. The following were assessed during the nutritional analyses: moisture, crude protein, ether extract, and ash. Additionally, microbial loads in meat, including TVC (Total Viable Count) and TCC (Total Coliform Count), were determined. <b>Results:</b> All the carcass characteristics, such as the weight of breast, drumstick, thigh, wings, and dressing percentage, differed significantly among the three weight groups. The 2.0-2.5 kg group achieved the highest dressing percentage (72.42%), eviscerated weight (1.91 ± 0.10 kg), and breast yield (596.58 ± 67.44 gm). The physical and nutritional properties showed non-significant differences among the groups. In the sensory evaluation, broilers weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were preferred over the alternative options. Microbiological studies indicated that the TVC and TCC ranged from 5.54 to 5.89 CFU/gm and 4.56 to 4.95 CFU/gm, respectively, across all categories, indicating acceptable levels for food safety. <b>Conclusions:</b> Broilers weighing 2.0-2.5 kg showed superior carcass yield, consumer appeal, and economic viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"97-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalgae as a prospective antibiotic replacement therapy for induced endometritis in rats through regulating inflammatory cytokines.","authors":"Emtenan M Hanafi, Moetazza M Alshafei, Heba H Hozyen, Manal M Ramadan, Yasser H A Saber, Reda M S Korany, Reda M S Korany, Enas N Danial, Seham S Kasem, Naglaa A Ali, Safaa H Mohamed, Ghada H Elsayed","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1008","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to monitor the antimicrobial role of <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) and <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (CV) against induced endometritis using <i>E. coli</i> O157 in Albino rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After preparation of encapsulated flavoured microalgae, they were mixed into the animal diet at 1%. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the algae was studied. 45 adult female rats were classified into 3 groups (G1, G2, and G3) where each group had 15 rats in number. The first group ate a control basal diet (CD), the second group received CD mixed with SP, and G3 received CD mixed with CV. After 20 days of supplementation, animals were infected with an intravaginal injection of a pathogenic strain of <i>E. coli</i> O157 to induce endometritis. Vaginal swabs were collected for colony count estimation and to monitor recovery rate. Heparinized blood samples were collected for analysis of plasma chemistry. Samples of the uterus and spleen were taken for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SP and CV exhibit strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, and a high rate of uterine clearance, as indicated by downregulation of target cytokine genes used as indicators of the inflammatory process. Significant elevation in plasma cytokines (<i>TNF-α, INFγ, IL1β</i>), especially those administered SP and CV. Group treated with Microalgae showed a high recovery rate, including increased mature ovarian follicles, few follicular cysts, and moderate infiltration of endometrial inflammatory cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study paved the way for the prospective pharmaceutical use of microalgae as an antibiotic replacement therapy or for the extraction of active antimicrobial components.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatorenal protective role of encapsulated <i>Holothuria atra</i> in a mice model of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> ANKA inoculation.","authors":"Prawesty Diah Utami, Herin Setianingsih, Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1010","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Malaria continues to pose a substantial, widespread health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches to combat drug resistance and alleviate organ damage associated with infection. This study investigated the hepatorenal protective effects of encapsulated <i>Holothuria atra</i> in an experimental malaria mouse model caused by <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> ANKA. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Random assignment of forty-eight BALB/c mice resulted in eight distinct groups for the study: an untreated control group (a negative control), a chloroquine-treated group (positive control), and six combination therapy groups receiving chloroquine alongside encapsulated <i>H. atra</i> with varying gum Arabic/soy protein isolate (GA/SPI) ratios and dosages. Renal and hepatic histopathology were assessed. <b>Results:</b> The chloroquine-only group (G2) exhibited the highest renal damage scores. Combination therapy, particularly with the 4:1 GA/SPI ratio at 100 mg/kg (G8), significantly reduced renal and hepatic damage compared with G2, approaching negative-control levels in several parameters. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in histopathological scores among the groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Encapsulation enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of <i>H. atra</i>, with the 4:1 ratio optimizing the delivery of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, thus mitigating drug-induced and malaria-related organ toxicities. Encapsulated <i>H. atra</i> shows promise as a valuable adjunct in antimalarial therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"55-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and structural alterations in skeletal muscle of STZ-induced diabetic rats revealed by light and electron microscopy.","authors":"Hanan Kumar Gopalan, Yanti Rosli, Noman D Salih, Nur Afrina Muhamad Hendri, Wirda Indah Farouk, Nur Syahrunnizar, Mohd Shazwan Shazdee Wahab, Jyh Chyang Pang, Norzein Ab Rahim, Hiang Lian Hing","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1011","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study investigates morphological and ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscles of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) using light microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Together, these imaging methods allow for detailed visualization of tissue-level and subcellular changes in the gastrocnemius muscle, offering an integrated view of diabetes-related pathology. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats through a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (at 65 mg/kg). After 30 days of diabetes maintenance, the rats were euthanized, and gastrocnemius muscle samples were harvested for Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's Trichrome (MT), and histochemical staining. Morphological features were examined using FESEM, and ultrastructural organization was analyzed using TEM. <b>Results:</b> Our findings confirm that hyperglycemia severely damages skeletal muscle in STZ-induced diabetic rats, characterized by extensive myofiber injury, atrophy, and mitochondrial disruptions. Ultrastructural analysis revealed extensive architectural disruptions and clear deviations from normal morphology. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study provides evidence of profound structural and cellular alterations in diabetic skeletal muscles and offers insights for developing strategies to mitigate pathological changes, preserve muscle integrity, and support functional recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving udder health in crossbred cows in New Zealand using Scandinavian Red sires.","authors":"Hamed Amirpour-Najafabadi, Craig McKimmie, Pavithra Ariyarathne, Hossein Alizadeh, Jonathan Hickford","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1009","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To test whether Scandinavian Red (SR) sires improve udder health (somatic cell score; SCS) in New Zealand crossbred dairy cows without compromising milk solids yield. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Herd-test records (one test day per cow) from six pasture-based New Zealand herds were analyzed (<i>n</i> = 5,294). All cows were daughters of Friesian x Jersey dams and were sired by Friesian (F), Jersey (J), Friesian × Jersey (F × J), or SR bulls. SCS was calculated as ln (SCC/1,000). Linear models estimated sire-breed effects on SCS, adjusting for herd, cow age group, days in milk (linear and quadratic), and milk solids (fat + protein, kg/day). Tukey-adjusted comparisons were used. <b>Results:</b> Sire breed significantly affected SCS (<i>p</i> = 0.004). SR-sired cows had the lowest adjusted mean SCS and were significantly lower than F- and J-sired cows; F × J-sired cows were intermediate. Milk solids (kg/day) yield did not differ by sire breed (<i>p</i> = 0.12). Older cows, early/late lactation, and herds were associated with higher SCS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Under pasture-based New Zealand conditions, using SR sires on Friesian x Jersey dams was associated with improved udder health (lower SCS) without reducing milk solids yield, supporting SR genetics as a practical option to reduce mastitis risk and antimicrobial use.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-dependent effects of dietary quercetin supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, meat composition, bone mineralization, and profitability in broilers.","authors":"Md Abu Saied, Syed Abu Yousuf, Md Aliar Rahman, Khan Md Shaiful Islam, Bodhi Agustono, Rakhi Chowdhury","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1007","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to determine the optimal dose of quercetin (plant origin) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, meat composition, shank mineralization, and production costs in broilers. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 180 day-old, mixed-sex Ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary groups, with five replicates of nine birds per group. The corn-soy-based basal diet provided 2998 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/kg and 22.94% crude protein (CP) in the starter diet and 3120 kcal ME/kg and 21.25% CP in the grower diet. The basal diet was supplemented with quercetin at 0.00, 0.40, 0.80, or 1.20 gm/kg, corresponding to the 0.00Q (control), 0.40Q, 0.80Q, and 1.20Q groups, respectively. <b>Results:</b> Quercetin supplementation at increasing levels improved feed intake and body weight gain, increased conversion ratios (feed, CP, and ME), and increased meat fat content, with the 1.20Q group showing the greatest effects (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). However, there were no significant differences among the quercetin-supplemented groups. Moreover, quercetin supplementation had no impact on broiler dressing yield (DY), drip loss, meat components (dry matter (DM), CP, and ash), shank DM, and ash percentages (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Shank dry weight, DM, ash yield, and nutrient digestibility were significantly improved in the 1.20Q group compared to the control and 0.40Q groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Quercetin supplementation at increasing levels significantly increased feed and quercetin costs but improved profit and the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), with the 1.20Q group showing the greatest improvement (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Supplementation at 1.20 gm quercetin/kg diet improved growth performance, digestibility, shank mineralization, and BCR, but had no significant effect on DY and meat composition except for fat content.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and economic evaluation of fermented durian peel on laying duck performance and yolk omega profile.","authors":"Jamila Mustabi, Nuraini Nuraini, Ade Trisna, Rahmad Fani Ramadhan, Athhar Manabi Diansyah, Nurazizah Nurazizah, Langgeng Priyanto, Herdis Herdis","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1004","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of graded levels of Lentinus edodes-fermented durian peel (FDP) as a circular feed ingredient on production performance, yolk omega fatty acid composition, and economic efficiency of laying ducks, with the aim of identifying the optimal dietary inclusion level.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A 12-week feeding trial was conducted using a completely randomized design with five dietary treatments containing 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24% FDP. Each treatment had four replicates with ten laying ducks per pen. Parameters measured included feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), hen-day production (HDP), total egg production, egg weight, yolk omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids (analyzed by GC-FID), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data was analyzed using ANOVA and correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Feed intake and egg weight differed significantly among treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with reduced intake observed at the highest FDP inclusion level (24%). FCR, HDP, and total egg production were not significantly affected (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Yolk omega-6 fatty acid content increased significantly with FDP inclusion (<i>p</i> < 0.05), omega-3 showed selective treatment differences, and omega-9 remained unchanged. Correlation analysis indicated positive associations of omega-6 and omega-9 with feed intake and negative correlations with FCR, while omega-3 was positively correlated with feed intake. IOFC was highest at 12% FDP inclusion but declined to 24% due to reduced feed intake and egg weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fermented durian peel can be safely incorporated into laying duck diets at moderate levels, with 12% FDP identified as the optimal inclusion rate. At this level, production efficiency is maintained, yolk lipid quality is enhanced, and economic returns are maximized, while higher inclusion levels may negatively affect profitability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the therapeutic potential of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in regulating canine NT-proBNP levels.","authors":"Zipeng Jiang, Liang Mei, Zhiyi Huang","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1005","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a key biomarker for assessing cardiac function in companion animals and plays a critical role in the diagnosis and management of heart disease. β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD⁺, has attracted attention for its potential to enhance mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral NMN supplementation in reducing elevated NT-proBNP levels in dogs and to assess its potential clinical applicability in veterinary practice. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Dogs with elevated NT-proBNP levels were administered oral NMN at weight-adjusted doses (10-30 mg per dose) twice daily. Treatment continued until NT-proBNP levels returned to the normal reference range. Serum NT-proBNP and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentrations were measured, and clinical data were systematically analyzed to evaluate treatment response. <b>Results:</b> NMN supplementation significantly reduced NT-proBNP levels in dogs without evident cardiac structural abnormalities or with mild-to-moderate NT-proBNP elevation. Improvements were particularly notable in cases with preserved cardiac structure and function. However, in dogs with severe heart disease or complex comorbidities, NMN alone demonstrated limited efficacy and required combination with conventional therapeutic interventions to achieve optimal outcomes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Oral NMN administration may serve as a beneficial adjunctive strategy for reducing NT-proBNP levels in dogs without significant structural cardiac defects or advanced functional impairment. Its cardioprotective effects are likely associated with improved myocardial energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Further controlled clinical studies are warranted to validate its therapeutic role in veterinary cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ClassyFarm and welfare indicators in dairy cattle farming.","authors":"Michela Maria Dimuccio, Edmondo Ceci, Elisabetta Bonerba, Sergio Ghidini, Valentina Terio, Rocco Roma, Gaetano Vitale Celano, Caterina Losacco, Marialaura Corrente, Giancarlo Bozzo","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1006","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to test whether plasma cortisol, interleukin-6 (<i>IL-6</i>), and individual Somatic Cell Count (SCC) can act as reliable proxies for the ClassyFarm risk rank.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three Animal-Based Measures (ABMs) (plasma cortisol, <i>IL-6</i>, and SCC) were evaluated and compared with the ClassyFarm risk rank, which is a farm-specific risk score, across three dairy cattle farms (A, B, and C). The ClassyFarm risk rank was 10, 13, and 17 on farms A, B, and C, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed a strong correlation between plasma cortisol levels and SCC across all herds (<i>r</i> > 0.70), particularly in B (<i>r</i> = 0.92). The SCC values generally complied with Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004 of the European Commission. However, <i>IL-6</i> levels did not show a statistically significant correlation with the other ABMs (<i>r</i> < 0.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This preliminary study indicates satisfactory agreement between the risk analysis conducted using the ClassyFarm system, as reflected in the ClassyFarm risk rank, and the ABMs investigated. These measures might serve as good real-time proxies for the ClassyFarm risk rank, helping implement any required corrective measures on the farm more promptly.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13166818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147929817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}