Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Perceived stress levels of pet and non-pet owners in Cebu, Philippines.","authors":"Adrian Patalinghug Ybañez, Michelle Plaza Trangia, Grahambell Bacalla Sabanate, Marry Rose Celeste Estrera, Maria Maica Sofia Estenzo Teñoso, Ron Adriel Lylm Arriesgado Lauron, Shem Lim Alberio, Ruby Herseniada Destajo, Serafin Limosnero Garciano, Rochelle Haidee Palermo Daclan Ybañez, Marvin Ardeza Villanueva","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1027","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Owning pets has been shown to reduce stress and improve the well-being of their owners in other countries. The present study aimed to document the perceived stress levels among pet and non-pet owners in the Philippines. In this country, the literature about this is still limited. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Using a descriptive-analytical design, 417 respondents (286 pet owners and 131 non-pet owners) were asked about their stress status, personal stressors, coping mechanisms (including exercise or social support), impacts of physical activity levels, well-being, support systems, and the effect of having a pet on stress. <b>Results:</b> Pet ownership was more prevalent among females and younger individuals, particularly those aged 18-25. A statistically significant association was observed between pet ownership and being single (<i>p</i> = 0.019). However, this does not necessarily imply that single people were more likely to have pets for companionship, as the majority of respondents were single. The study also revealed that pet owners experience lower stress than non-pet owners. Significant differences were observed in coping mechanisms (<i>p</i> < 0.01), the impact of pet ownership on stress (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and overall stress levels (<i>p</i> < 0.01), highlighting the vital role pets play in emotional support and stress management. Pet ownership was also significantly linked to physical activity levels (<i>p</i> = 0.043) and personal stressors (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Despite these benefits, some pet owners reported challenges, including financial and time constraints. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings indicate that while owning a pet comes with specific responsibilities, it is a valuable way to cope with stress and supports mental health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"236-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression pattern of <i>SMAD8</i> in geese at different reproductive stages and its effect on reproductive physiology and egg production performance.","authors":"Daolun Yu, Ruina Zhang, Yanfei He, Kai Ge","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1022","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To elucidate the role of <i>SMAD8</i> in geese egg production, we analyzed the expression patterns of <i>SMAD8</i> in geese during the egg-laying and non-laying periods. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> LDN-193189, a specific <i>SMAD8</i> inhibitor, was injected into the geese prior to the onset of egg-laying. Subsequently, the ovaries, oviducts, and serum of the geese at various reproductive stages were collected for subsequent detection and analysis. <b>Results:</b> The results indicated that the development of ovaries and oviducts in geese during the egg-laying period was superior to that during the non-laying period. In addition, <i>SMAD8</i> expression in ovaries and oviducts of egg-laying geese was significantly higher than that in non-laying geese (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Injection of the <i>SMAD8</i> inhibitor LDN-193189 at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg body weight per day significantly inhibited <i>SMAD8</i> expression. Concomitantly, the expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (<i>FSHR</i>) and luteinizing hormone receptor (<i>LHR</i>) expression in the ovaries and oviducts were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the average egg production of geese was significantly increased by 4.1 eggs (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the hatchability of breeder eggs remained unchanged (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Collectively, this study demonstrates that <i>SMAD8</i> is differentially expressed at different reproductive stages in geese. Exogenous <i>SMAD8</i> inhibitors can regulate <i>in vivo SMAD8</i> expression, thereby modulating the expression of ovulation-related hormone receptors and ultimately improving the goose egg production. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that <i>SMAD8</i> may serve as a key intracellular regulator connecting reproductive organ development, hormone receptor abundance, and egg-laying performance in Wanxi White Goose (WWG) and indicate that targeted modulation of <i>SMAD8</i> activity could provide a novel strategy for boosting egg production in low-yield goose breeds without compromising hatchability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"181-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a symbiotic microbial complex (SMC) on productivity, early viability and blood parameters in broiler chicken under stress rearing conditions.","authors":"Lorena Del Carmen Vivas Ríos, Neyo De La Cruz Pérez Guedez, Marlon Francisco Brazon Lunar, Moraiza Josefina Casado Chacín, Anthony Deison Mendoza Sandoval, David Santiago Coll, Hennet José Faria Villarreal, Danilo Jesús Zavala López, Alberto José Quintero","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1021","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study evaluated the effects of a novel Symbiotic Microbial Complex (SMC) as a non-nutritive additive on the productive performance, hematological parameters, and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens reared under environmental stress. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 264 one-day-old Ross broiler chickens were assigned to two treatments: A Control and an SMC treatment (10% dietary inclusion), with three replicates of 44 birds each, for 42 days. Diets were isoproteic and isoenergetic for the Pre-starter (1-10 days), Starter (11-22 days), and Finisher (23-42 days) phases. Environmental parameters (averaging 29.6°C) and water quality (Nitrates) were monitored. Weekly evaluations of production variables, hematology, and serum biochemistry were performed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests. <b>Results:</b> Inclusion of SMC significantly reduced cumulative mortality in the Pre-starter (20.45% Control vs. 3.03% SMC) and Starter phases (6.06% Control vs. 0.00% SMC) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). While no significant differences were observed in body weight or feed conversion ratio, the SMC treatment exhibited greater physiological stability. Liver enzyme activity (ALT/AST) was lower in SMC birds during metabolic peaks, and lipid profiles remained within normal physiological ranges despite environmental challenges. <b>Conclusions:</b> The SMC acted as a potent bioprotector, significantly enhancing early viability and maintaining systemic homeostasis. Its protective effect buffered the physiological toll of environmental heat and suboptimal water quality. However, its growth-promoting potential may be optimized under controlled environmental settings where metabolic energy is not prioritized for survival and homeostatic maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"170-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephroprotective and antioxidant properties of a novel herbal extract combination in a high-fat diet and alloxan-induced kidney injury in rats.","authors":"O K Yulizal, Darmadi Darmadi, Ok Ikram Alchair, Encik Nazifa Zanzabilla Putri, Wa Amalia Zahiah, Tesalonika Apmarda Simarmata","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1020","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of a standardized capsule combination consisting of <i>Channa striata, Phyllanthus niruri</i> L., and <i>Curcuma xanthorrhiza</i> extracts (CCE) on biomarkers of kidney function, antioxidant status, and kidney histopathology in a high-fat diet (HFD) and alloxan-induced diabetic/nephrotoxic rat model. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Male Wistar rats (<i>n</i> = 24) were divided into 4 groups: Control; HFD + alloxan treatment (diabetics/nephrotoxic); diabetics/nephrotoxic + CCE (49.5 mg/kg BW); diabetic/nephrotoxic + CCE + pioglitazone treatment group (1.35 mg/kg BW). Serum Cystatin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and kidney histopathology were assessed at Day 60. <b>Results:</b> Model induction markedly increased blood glucose, HbA1c, and serum Cystatin C levels and decreased SOD activity (<i>p</i> < 0.001 vs controls). CCE significantly attenuated cystatin C by decreasing Cystatin C by 18.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and restored SOD activity to 94.0% of control (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Histopathology showed marked improvements in glomerular hypertrophy, tubular injury, vascular congestion, and inflammatory infiltration (<i>p</i> < 0.001 vs model). CCE + pioglitazone showed comparable biochemical trends and enhanced histological preservation. <b>Conclusions:</b> CCE combination significantly attenuated diabetic/nephrotoxic-induced kidney injury by improving antioxidant defense and preserving kidney structure. This suggests therapeutic potential for managing metabolic kidney complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"159-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of ligninolytic fungi from West Sumatra, Indonesia, using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region.","authors":"Eli Ratni, Lendrawati Lendrawati, Muhammad Idris, Fadilla Hefzi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1018","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to isolate and identify ligninolytic fungi from decayed wood in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a focus on their potential applications in animal production technology. The goal was to explore the potential of these fungi to improve lignocellulosic agricultural waste degradation, thereby enhancing the digestibility and nutritional value of ruminant feed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fungi were isolated from rotting wood samples collected in Padang and Solok. The Bavendamm test was used to screen for ligninolytic activity. DNA was extracted from purified isolates, and PCR amplification of the ITS region was performed using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Amplified products were sequenced and analyzed using BLAST against the NCBI GenBank database for species identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two of four purified fungal isolates (P1 and S2) showed positive results in the Bavendamm test, indicating their ligninolytic potential. PCR amplification produced 574 bp (P1) fragments and 586 bp (S2). BLAST analysis identified P1 as <i>Trichoderma hamatum</i> and S2 as <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> with 100% similarity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identifying <i>T. hamatum</i> and <i>A. flavus</i> as ligninolytic fungi from West Sumatra provides valuable insight for applying these species in animal production technology. These fungi could contribute to biodelignification processes, improving the utilization of lignocellulosic waste as a ruminant feed source.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"140-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water content and cholesterol dynamics in various chicken meat cuts influenced by thermal processing methods: A multi-city assessment.","authors":"Dian Sundari, Nunung Nurjanah, Efriwati Efriwati, Fitrah Ernawati, Fifi Retiaty, Suharmiati Suharmiati, Aya Yuriestia Arifin, Elisa Diana Julianti, Putri Reno Intan, Sukmayati Alegantina, Budi Setyawati, Salimar Salimar","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1017","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the water content and cholesterol levels in fresh and processed chicken meat from four major cities in Indonesia using various cooking methods. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Four major Indonesian cities (Medan, Bandung, Surabaya, and Makassar) were the sites of a purposeful sampling of four different parts of chicken meat: whole, breast, thigh, and wing. Meat was analyzed fresh and processed (boiled, fried, steamed, baked, and grilled). Saponification and toluene extraction procedures were used, and the amount of water was determined by oven-drying at 100-105°C. To determine total cholesterol levels, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were used. The study employed a completely randomized design, ANOVA, and Duncan's test, and SPSS version 26 software was used to perform statistical analysis at a 95% confidence level. <b>Results:</b> Water content and cholesterol levels of chicken meat were significantly influenced by body parts and processing methods. Fresh chicken had the highest water content, while frying caused the greatest moisture loss. Processed chicken, especially fried and baked whole and wing meat, showed higher cholesterol levels than fresh samples. Processing methods had a greater effect than differences among cities, as confirmed by ANOVA. <b>Conclusions:</b> The highest water content was observed in fresh chicken breasts. In fresh samples, the thigh had the highest cholesterol content, whereas the whole part had the lowest. Among the processing methods, frying resulted in the greatest reduction in water content and the highest increase in cholesterol levels. Boiling was the most effective method for minimizing cholesterol increases. Although some differences in cholesterol levels were observed between cities, the processing method had a more pronounced effect than the geographic origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"132-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of the family <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (sensu stricto) in cow's milk and their antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"Zuzana Hanzelová, Eva Dudriková, František Zigo, Viera Lovayová","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1019","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> family is a group of bacteria that serve as indicators of milk collection hygiene at the farm level. The objective of this study was to detect and identify members of this family in raw cow's milk and pasteurized milk and to evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of resistance genes. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 14 samples of raw bulk milk and 14 samples of pasteurized milk were collected from different dairy plants in Slovakia. Isolates were identified at the family level by PCR and at the species level by MALDI-TOF MS. Ten antibiotics (ampicillin, cefoxitin, ceftizoxime, cefazolin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, ofloxacin, and chloramphenicol) were tested using the disc diffusion method. Genes that confer antimicrobial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were detected by PCR using gene-specific primers. <b>Results:</b> <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> was the most frequently identified isolate (30.0%), followed by <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> (13.3%) and <i>Citrobacter gillenii</i> (13.3%). According to the CLSI criteria, 22 of the 30 isolates (73.3%) were classified as cefoxitin-resistant, whereas EUCAST classified 26/30 (86.7%) as cefoxitin-resistant. The presence of resistance genes (at least one of the genes tested) was confirmed in 26 isolates. In 20 isolates, <i>bla</i> _TEM was found; in 11, <i>bla</i> _CTX-M; and in 10, <i>ampC</i> genes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings highlight the absence of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> in pasteurized milk, discrepancies in evaluation between the CLSI and EUCAST systems, a high level of beta-lactam resistance, and the presence of resistance genes detected only in raw milk samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"147-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of yeast fermentation on nutrient utilization and growth performance of broilers fed commercial and hand-mixed diets.","authors":"Syful Islam, Saima Siddique, Sharmila Islam, Jesmin Aktar, Momota Rani Debi, Khan Md Shaiful Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1016","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fermentation efficiency, nutritional components, digestibility, and growth performance between commercial and hand-mixed diets.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the first trial, 144 Cobb 308-day-old chicks were distributed into three groups, with six replications and eight birds per replicate cage. They were offered a commercial dry diet (CD), a moist commercial diet (CM), and a fermented commercial moist diet (CFM). In the second trial, another 144 Cobb 308-day-old chicks were grouped in threes (similarly distributed) and offered a hand-mixed moist diet (HM), a fermented hand-mixed moist diet (HFM), and a fermented hand mixed moist diet without synthetic amino acids (HFM-SAA). Feed composition, apparent nutrient digestibility, growth indices, and economic returns were analyzed for 35 days feeding trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fermentation effect was non-significant on nutrient composition and energy content in the first trial, but reduced feed intake, final body weight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and profit (<i>p</i> = 0.001). In the second trial, fermentation significantly increased crude protein (<i>p</i> = 0.002), dry matter and protein digestibility (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and body weight gain (<i>p</i> < 0.001), resulting in higher profit in the fermented feeding group. Removing synthetic amino acids neglects these benefits. In comparison, trial one achieved better outcomes in the non-fermented state, while trial two achieved better outcomes in the fermented group after adding synthetic amino acids.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fermentation benefits are feed-type dependent, favoring a simple hand-mixed diet. Absence of synthetic amino acids also demonstrates a negative impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"124-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, characterization, and molecular identification of <i>Saccharomyces</i> strains from red dragon fruit peel (<i>Hylocereus polyrhizus</i>) for potential application in feed fermentation.","authors":"Nguyen Thi Hanh Chi, Tran Trung Tuan, Pham Duc Tho","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1013","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Red dragon fruit peel is a rich niche for indigenous yeasts with potential applications in feed fermentation. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and molecularly identify <i>Saccharomyces</i> strains associated with red dragon fruit (<i>Hylocereus polyrhizus</i>) peel from An Giang province, Vietnam, and to assess their suitability as starter cultures for animal feed fermentation. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of thirty yeast strains were isolated, of which 11 exhibited growth on YPDA medium supplemented with sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃), suggesting sulfite tolerance. Morphological and biochemical characteristics were assessed, and ITS-based DNA sequencing was performed for molecular identification. <b>Results:</b> Six strains (CT6a, CT6b, CT6d, CT6g, CT3e, CT4a) showed high and stable biomass production and efficient fermentation performance in red dragon fruit peel extract. Sequence analysis confirmed all six as <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> with > 99% identity, and phylogenetic analysis further supported their clustering within the <i>S. cerevisiae</i> clade. <b>Conclusions:</b> Red dragon fruit peel represents a promising substrate for fermentation, and the identified native <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strains demonstrate strong potential as starter cultures in biotechnological applications, particularly for animal feed fermentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of immune response via cytokine gene expression and cecal microbiota in rabbits: Changes caused by dietary supplementation of <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> and <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>.","authors":"Ahmed A A Khattab, Mohammed F El Basuini, Safaa E S Atia, Nabila E M El-Kassas, Othman Y Alyahyawy, Amera F M Zaitoun, Salma H Abu Hafsa","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1015","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with the microalgae <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> (Ap) and <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (Cv) on growth performance, oxidative stress, immune-related cytokines gene expression, cecal fermentation, microbial population, and protein profile changes in growing rabbits. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Seventy-five male rabbits aged five-week were randomly allocated to five groups (<i>n</i> = 15). The control group received a basal diet without supplementation, whereas the remaining four groups were received basal diets supplemented with Ap or Cv at levels of 300 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg diet for 56 days. <b>Results:</b> Phytochemical analysis revealed that both microalgae were rich in bioactive compounds including flavonoids, terpenoids and tannins exhibiting strong antioxidant activity. Dietary supplementation with Ap and Cv significantly improved BWG and FCR, while decreasing feed consumption. Oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, were significantly decreased in algal-supplemented groups, accompanied by enhanced antioxidant status. Immune responses were favorably modulated through the upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, particularly (<i>IL-10</i> and <i>IL-4</i>). In addition, dose-dependent changes in protein expression profiles were observed in serum, liver and spleen tissues. Cecal fermentation parameters were improved, as evidenced by increased total volatile fatty acids, acetic and propionic acids, as well as <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp., along with reduced NH₃-N and pathogenic bacterial populations of <i>E. coli, Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>Enterococcus</i> spp., and total coliforms (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Dietary supplementation with <i>A. platensis</i> and <i>C. vulgaris</i> improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and cecal health in growing rabbits, supporting their use as feed additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"110-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}