Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of low-dose ionizing radiation in diabetic rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress.","authors":"Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Megha Gokul, Harini Narayanam, Shyamala Nayak, Avin Kumar, Kamalaksh Shenoy","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1033","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Diabetes mellitus combined with prolonged stress has been linked with neurochemical and functional alterations that may alter brain function. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) may exert neuroprotective effects in diabetic rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) by improving neurochemical and neuroendocrine alterations. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), followed by exposure to CUS and LDIR. Radiation dose (0.1 Gy per session, three times weekly for 15 days) was administered. Behavioral assessments were conducted using open field, rotarod, and object recognition tests. Serum corticosterone levels were measured to evaluate stress-associated neuroendocrine changes. Neurotransmitter levels, including dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, and acetylcholine, were quantified in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum using ELISA. <b>Results:</b> Diabetic rats exposed to CUS showed a significant increase in serum corticosterone levels, reduced neurotransmitter concentrations, and impaired behavioral performance compared with control animals. Treatment with LDIR was associated with significant improvements in corticosterone levels, neurotransmitter concentrations, and behavioral performance compared with untreated diabetic-stressed animals. Combined treatment with LDIR and paroxetine demonstrated additional improvements in selected parameters. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings demonstrate that LDIR exerts neuroprotective effects in diabetic rats exposed to CUS and suggest its potential as a non-invasive, adjunctive therapeutic approach to mitigate stress-related neuropsychiatric complications associated with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"308-318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminth diversity, prevalence, and host-specific patterns in wild and domestic ruminants of the Bukhara region, Uzbekistan.","authors":"Firuza D Akramova, Adolat U Mirzaeva, Shoira O Saidova, Farangiz S Uralova, Polot Y Toshev, Ulugbek A Shakarbaev, Djalaliddin A Azimov, Mourad Ben Said, Hanène Belkahia","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1031","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Helminth infections impose major health burdens on livestock and threaten wildlife at the livestock-wildlife interface in Central Asian drylands. Despite rising concern over parasite transmission between domestic and wild ungulates, integrated surveys remain limited. This study characterized helminth species richness, prevalence, and infection patterns in domestic ruminants (sheep, goats, and cattle) and critically endangered wild ungulates (<i>Ovis ammon bocharensis, Gazella subgutturosa</i>, and <i>Cervus hanglu yarkandensis</i>) in the Bukhara region of Uzbekistan. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> From spring to summer 2025, complete necropsies (<i>n</i> = 51) and organ-specific examinations (<i>n</i> = 178) were conducted on domestic ruminants, while coprological surveys (<i>n</i> = 256) were performed on wild ungulates. Parasite identification followed standard morphological keys. <b>Results:</b> Cattle had the highest helminth species richness (28), followed by sheep (24) and goats (21). Zoonotic species, including <i>Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena</i> (metacestodes), and <i>Fasciola</i> spp., were detected across hosts. Coprological screening revealed helminths in Goitered Gazelle (32.6%), Bukhara Argali (23.3%), and Bukhara Deer (6.5%). Necropsy and coprological data provide complementary insights but limit direct prevalence comparisons due to differing diagnostic sensitivities. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study provides the first comprehensive helminth baseline for the region, informing targeted anthelmintic strategies, One Health surveillance of zoonotic helminths, conservation management of endangered ungulates, and understanding of parasite dynamics at livestock-wildlife interfaces in arid ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"274-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of supplementing pre-weaning dairy calves' starter feed with <i>Nigella sativa</i> and sesame meals on growth performance, blood metabolites, immunity, and health.","authors":"Vahid Fadaei Muloodi, Kazem Karimi, Jafar Fakhraei, Naser Karimi, Ghobad Asgari Jafarabadi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1028","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of <i>Nigella sativa</i> meal (NSM) and sesame meal (SM) in the starter feed on growth performance, blood metabolites, immunity, and health of pre-weaning Holstein calves. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Forty male calves were used in 2 × 2 factorial arrangements in a completely randomized design. The four treatments were: 1) Control (basal diet), 2) Basal diet + 5% NSM, 3) Basal diet + 5% SM, and 4) Basal diet + an equal mixture of NSM and SM (NSM × SM). <b>Results:</b> Results indicated that treatments containing NSM and SM significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) improved growth performance, feed intake, immunity, and health. The NSM × SM interaction increased final body weight gain by 7.66%, 10.53%, and 7.32% compared to the control, NSM, and SM treatments, respectively. This treatment also superiorly improved feed efficiency by 16.67%, 12.35%, and 7.06%, respectively. The NSM × SM group showed the lowest serum concentrations of glucose (19% lower), triglycerides (19.5% lower), and cholesterol (14.2% lower) than the control. Conversely, it had the highest serum concentrations of total protein (11% higher), albumin (17.9% higher), immunoglobulin G (IgG, 36.9% higher), and white blood cell (WBC) count (33.1% higher) compared to the control. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, incorporating 5% sesame and <i>N. sativa</i> meals, especially as an equal mixture, into calves' starter feed enhanced growth rate, feed efficiency, immunity, and overall health in pre-weaning dairy calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"246-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory effect of <i>Fructus Mume</i> decoction on gut microbiota in mice based on <i>16S rDNA</i> sequencing.","authors":"Jianhui Huang, Dongjie Huang, Chenfeng Ma, Peifu Wu","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1034","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> <i>Fructus Mume</i> has long been used to prevent diseases by modulating gut microbiota, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, and boosting immune function. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the specific connection between <i>Fructus Mume</i> and gut health. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This study employed <i>16S rDNA</i> sequencing to investigate the regulatory effects of <i>Fructus Mume</i> decoction on the gut microbiota structure in Kunming (KM) mice. 13-week-old male KM mice were randomly assigned to a control group and to low-, medium-, and high-dose <i>Fructus Mume</i> groups (<i>n</i> = 4 per group). Mice were administered distilled water or <i>Fructus Mume</i> decoction (0.42, 0.84, 1.68 gm/kg) via daily gavage (0.2 ml) for 7 consecutive days. Fecal samples were collected on days 1 and 7 post-withdrawal. <b>Results:</b> At the phylum level, on day 1 post-withdrawal, the Bacteroidota abundance increased slightly in the high-dose group, while the Firmicutes_D abundance increased significantly. At the genus level, <i>CAG-873</i> and <i>Alloprevotella</i> exhibited significantly positive correlations with <i>Fructus Mume</i> dose, whereas <i>UMGS1994</i> and <i>Nanosyncoccus</i> showed significantly negative correlations (|<i>r</i>| > 0.4). Functional prediction indicated upregulation of carbohydrate metabolism and xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism pathways in <i>Fructus Mume</i> groups. The latter pathway gradually downregulated post-treatment cessation. Molecular docking analysis revealed that kaempferol and quercetin in <i>Fructus Mume</i> decoction could interact with core proteins associated with intestinal diseases. <b>Conclusions:</b> Gavage of <i>Fructus Mume</i> decoction at human-equivalent doses for one week altered intestinal flora composition in KM mice, reducing diversity and richness, and the dose of 0.84 gm/kg was more beneficial to gut health. These parameters gradually recovered post-withdrawal.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"319-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hematologic and coagulation changes associated with hyperfibrinolysis in feline acute trauma.","authors":"Nuriza Zamirbekova Erdoğan, Abdulkadir Önal, Merve İder, Kurtuluş Parlak, Furkan Çağrı Beşoluk","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1030","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study investigates the hypothesis that hyperfibrinolysis may occur in cats with acute trauma, leading to alterations in hematological, biochemical, and coagulation parameters, particularly in severe cases. The aim is to assess these parameters (aPTT, PT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer) in traumatized cats and to examine their association with trauma severity and prognosis. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This study involved 35 acutely traumatized and 11 healthy cats. Trauma severity was quantified using the ATT (Multiple Trauma Triage Scoring System). For hematological, biochemical, and coagulation analyses, 2 ml of blood was drawn from a venous vein and processed within 15 to 30 min of collection. <b>Results:</b> Traumatized cats exhibited significantly elevated CPK and WBC counts, alongside significantly reduced HCT and RBC counts (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Fibrinogen concentrations were significantly decreased. D-dimer levels and ATT scores were significantly increased in the trauma group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups for PT, aPTT, TT, platelet count, or lactate levels (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Non-survivors had significantly higher lactate levels and lower pH, base excess (BE), and body temperature (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrated that ATT, lactate, pH, BE, and body temperature are effective predictors of both trauma severity and clinical prognosis in cats with acute trauma. Fibrin degradation products formed during this process are thought to contribute to elevated D-dimer levels, indicating the development of hyperfibrinolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of lateral flow assays in rapid livestock and poultry disease diagnostics.","authors":"Sajedul Hayat, Md Enamul Haque, Mohammad Sadekuzzaman, Susmita Karmakar, Md Ariful Islam, Muhammud Tofazzal Hossain, Md Alimul Islam","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1032","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a vital tool for rapid, simple, and low-cost disease detection in poultry and livestock. LFAs became a widely used approach in veterinary diagnostics for better animal health management. In this study, we thoroughly highlight the concepts, recent developments, and applications of LFAs in the expedited diagnosis of livestock and poultry diseases. LFAs are portable, require minimal sample preparation, and can be used for point-of-care testing, making them ideal for resource-limited field settings. In this article, we examined various types of LFAs, including multiplex platforms, nucleic acid assays, and antigen-antibody-based detection approaches. We also emphasized their significance in identifying infections that threaten animal welfare, caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Recent advancements in LFA have significantly improved sensitivity and specificity, incorporating quantitative analysis, smartphone-compatible readout devices, and nanomaterials. This paper also addresses problems with false positives, the limited number of multiplexing situations it can handle at a time, and the need for enhanced stability across a wide range of environmental conditions. Furthermore, they investigated the possibility of LFAs satisfying the growing need for rapid disease diagnosis and surveillance, particularly in light of emerging zoonotic diseases. This review emphasizes the vital role of LFAs in improving diagnostics for livestock and poultry diseases by summarizing current trends and identifying research needs, thereby supporting global animal health and sustainable agricultural practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"284-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of rabies in camels.","authors":"Intisar Kamil Saeed, Yahia Hassan Ali, Tenzeil Awad Gadain Mohieddeen, Muaz Magzob Abdellatif, Baraa Abdel Aziz Ahmed Mohammed, Ali Mohammed AlHassan Eleragi, Husham Mohammed A Ataalfadeel, Salma Yousif S Elsheikh","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1025","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of rabies in camels by collecting and analyzing data on its occurrence and applying laboratory confirmation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>During 2010-2022, data on the occurrence of rabies in camels, reported outbreaks, the number affected, seasonal occurrence, and outbreak management were collected and statistically analyzed. Data was collected from the Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries in Sudan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 11 outbreaks resulted in 24 clinically suspected cases of rabies in camels. The highest percentage (29.2%) was in 2021. Within localities, the highest occurrence rate (58.3%) was observed in Darfur State in Western Sudan. The majority of rabies outbreaks (62.5%) were reported during July-September. The logistic regression model revealed a 25.1% annual decline in rabies infection risk, with a notable increase in 2021, while increases of 137.4% linked to seasonal effects and 69% linked to geographical location were observed. Most of the affected camels (71%) died, the rest were destroyed, and vaccination covered the vast majority of in-contact animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rabies in camels was found to occur across different localities, with the highest figures in 2021 and peaks during July-September.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel associations of <i>GSN</i> indel and <i>PLAG1</i> c.48333G > A variants with growth traits in mature Indonesian Madura and Bali cattle.","authors":"Hartati Hartati, Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, Mariyono Mariyono, Muhammad Luthfi, Lukman Affandhy, Dewi Khosiya Robba, Eko Handiwirawan, Sulistiyoningtiyas Irmawanti, Aryogi Aryogi, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Endang Romjali, Wike Andre Septian","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1026","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to identify a 21 bp insertion/deletion mutation in the <i>GSN</i> gene (intron 2) and a single nucleotide polymorphism (c.48333G > A) in the <i>PLAG1</i> gene (exon 3), and evaluate their association with growth traits in mature Madura and Bali cattle. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 219 animals (156 Madura and 73 Bali cattle) were assessed for body weight (BW) and four body measurements: Heart girth (HG), body length (BL), hip height (HH), and withers height (WH). Genotyping was performed using PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques. <b>Results:</b> Both genes were polymorphic, with high PIC values (> 0.30). The <i>GSN</i> gene polymorphism was significantly associated with HH in Bali cattle, while the <i>PLAG1</i> gene showed significant associations with BW in both breeds. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that <i>PLAG1</i> (c.48333G > A) is a promising genetic marker for BW in Indonesian tropical cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"228-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into milk microbiota differences among healthy, mastitis-suspected, and subclinical mastitis cows at dairy farms in Southern Vietnam.","authors":"Thuong Thi Nguyen, Cuong Kien Nguyen, Phong Dinh Tran, Khang Nguyen Duong, Hai Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1024","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to characterize and compare the milk microbiota composition among Holstein Friesian cows with healthy (HU), mastitis-suspected (MSU), and subclinical mastitis (SM) udders in Southern Vietnam. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Sixty milk samples were collected from two dairy farms and classified based on somatic cell counts (SCC) into three groups: HU (<200,000 cells/ml), MSU (200,000-400,000 cells/ml), and SM (>400,000 cells/ml). Bacterial communities were profiled using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 46.67% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The core microbiome was dominated by phyla of <i>Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria</i>, and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> (>90%); and taxa of <i>Moraxellaceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae</i>, and <i>Streptococcaceae</i>. Analysis revealed significant dysbiosis in the SM group, characterized by elevated relative abundances of mastitis-associated taxa (<i>Mycobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Moraxellaceae, Pasteurellaceae</i>, and <i>Mycoplasmataceae</i>) compared to healthy udders (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conversely, commensal taxa typical of healthy milk (<i>Rikenellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Sphingomonadaceae</i>, and <i>Opitutaceae</i>) were significantly depleted in SM samples but remained abundant in both HU and MSU groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Notably, the microbial profile of the MSU group was statistically similar to that of the HU group (<i>p</i> > 0.05), with no distinct variation in key bacterial families. Principal coordinate analysis further confirmed that SM samples formed a distinct cluster separate from the HU and MSU groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Subclinical mastitis drives significant shifts in the milk microbiome. However, mastitis-suspected cows retain a microbiome similar to that of healthy udders, suggesting that SCC thresholds alone may require careful interpretation in borderline cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"207-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of tannin-based products in mitigating enteric methane emissions in ruminant livestock: A review.","authors":"Roni Pazla, Antonius Antonius, Aslizah Mohd-Aris, Zaitul Ikhlas, Yelly Fitri, Hadriana Bansi, Yelsi Listiana Dewi, Maureen Chrisye Hadiatry, Novia Qomariyah, Sutiastuti Wahyuwardani, Yenni Yusriani, Eni Siti Rohaeni, Bachtar Bakrie","doi":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1023","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2026.m1023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global greenhouse gas accumulation receives significant contributions from methane emitted by ruminant livestock, thereby exacerbating climate change. Tannin-based feed additives are being investigated by researchers as a potential means to alter rumen fermentation and reduce methanogenesis. The researchers build on previous studies on the impact of tannins on methane reduction in the digestive tract and investigate the biological mechanisms of tannins, which are coupled with the potential of animal feed sources. Tannins kill methanogenic archaea by reducing protozoa and altering volatile fatty acid composition. This simultaneously results in reduced methane emissions and improved feed and nitrogen utilization efficiency. As a result, animal production is made more efficient by the reduction of nitrogen excretion and the enhancement of protein metabolism. The use of tannins, essential oils, biochar, and probiotics together is being researched as a way to treat the diet. Yet there are still issues, such as the adverse effects of tannins on nutrition, inconsistent tannin supply across sources, and microbial adaptation over time. The effectiveness of tannins also varies and is connected to the plant source, concentration, and processing methods. Besides, scientists are developing encapsulation methods and selecting optimal feeding protocols to increase tannin effectiveness while minimizing unwanted effects. Future researchers must improve the administration techniques for tannins, develop more efficient delivery systems, and conduct a comprehensive assessment of how tannins affect rumen microbiome health and animal performance. Tannin application emerges as an ecological approach that serves sustainability in livestock management systems and helps environmental adaptation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"192-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}