Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Evidence of zoonotic rickettsiae in ixodid ticks of domestic animals in some communal farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.","authors":"Olusesan Adeyemi Adelabu, Benson Chuks Iweriebor, Chikwelu Larry Obi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k771","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The abundance of tick populations in South Africa represents a probable risk for both animal and human health. <i>Rickettsia</i> spp. and <i>Borrelia</i> spp. are well-known agents of emerging human tick-borne infectious diseases worldwide. Nevertheless, the epidemiology of their infections has been underreported in South Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to profile zoonotic <i>Rickettsia</i> and <i>Borrelia</i> species from ticks infesting domesticated animals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Morphological and molecular identification techniques were conducted on 1,200 tick samples collected from domestic animals before screening for the target bacterial pathogens. The molecular identification of the tick samples was based on the amplification of the 12S rRNA mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic acid. At the same time, those of <i>Rickettsia</i> and <i>Borrelia</i> species were carried out by amplifying fragments of <i>glt</i>A and <i>omp</i>B genes for <i>Rickettsia</i> and <i>fla</i>B gene for <i>Borrelia</i> spp. Thereafter, the positive amplicons for <i>Rickettsia omp</i>B were sequenced and further analyzed. Borrelia PCRs were negative; therefore, sequencing could not be performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight species of ticks belonging to three genera; <i>Rhipicephalus, Amblyomma,</i> and <i>Haemaphysalis,</i> were identified. A total of 27% (320/1,200) samples were confirmed positive for <i>Rickettsia,</i> of which 23% (74/320) were positive for <i>omp</i>B genes. Phylogenetic analysis of <i>omp</i>B revealed a high homology to rickettsial reference strains from GenBank, with no positive result for <i>Borrelia.</i> The generated sequences showed homology with <i>R. africae</i>-KX227790 (100%), <i>R. parkeri</i>-KY113111 (99.8%), <i>R. peacockii</i> (99.3%), and <i>R. slovaca</i>-JX683122 (99.1%) representative sequences in GenBank.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings from this study revealed that ticks harbored <i>Rickettsia</i> species with possible zoonotic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The employment of real-time polymerase chain reaction for analysis of canine meat in meatball products for halal authentication analysis.","authors":"Rumiyati Rumiyati, Rien Larasati Arini, Purwanto Purwanto, Abdul Rohman","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k770","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Meatballs are a popular meat-based food consumed widely in Indonesian society. However, the issue of unethical substitution of halal meatballs with non-halal meats, particularly pork and canine meat (CM), has emerged. The existence of non-halal meats, including CM, in food products is prohibited in Islam, necessitating the development of reliable analytical techniques for their identification. In this study, we designed species-specific primers (SSPs) targeting the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA for CM meatball product identification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was commenced by creating specific primers for canine DNA using Integrated DNA Technologies software and subsequently performing DNA isolation. The designed primers were then subjected to comprehensive evaluation using RT-PCR, including specification, linearity, limit of detection, efficiency, and repeatability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the primer D-Loop 443 (forward: 5'-GGG ACA TCT CGA TGG ACTA ATG-3', reverse: 5'-GCG GTC ATA GAT GAG TGA TAG C-3') designed and validated in silico using primer-basic local alignment search tool nucleotide (BLAST) program from NCBI accurately identified canine DNA when the optimal annealing temperature was set at 57.5^oC. The real-time PCR technique utilizing the D-loop 443 primer exhibited the ability to amplify canine DNA down to a minimum quantity of 100 pg, with an efficiency value of 91.8%, a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.990, and a precision value (RSD) of 0.30%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SSP-based RT-PCR method developed is a versatile and efficient tool for detecting CM in meatballs. Its implementation helps maintain consumer trust and addresses concerns regarding the substitution of halal meats with non-halal alternatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and seroprevalence of Q fever infection in dairy goats in Besut district, Malaysia.","authors":"Khairunnisa Ahmad, Nik Danial Asyraf Nik Mustaffa, Nur Syafiqa Azmi, Siti Mariam Zainal Ariffin, Mohd Faizal Bin Ghazali, Noor Syaheera Ibrahim","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k768","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Q fever and its association with age and gender among Saanen dairy goats in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred dairy goats (<i>n =</i> 100) aged 6 months to 6 years were randomly selected, and blood samples were collected for serological analysis using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a seropositive rate of 70% among the goats, with medium-positive titers being the most common. The prevalence of Q fever varied among different age groups, with higher rates observed in adult goats aged between 5 and 6 years. Gender analysis showed that males had a higher positive rate (<i>p</i> < 0.05) of Q fever compared to females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings strongly indicate the presence of <i>Coxiella</i> <i>burnetii</i> in the dairy goat population and highlight the importance of implementing biosecurity measures and control strategies to prevent further transmission of this disease. This research has contributed to a better understanding of Q fever epidemiology and provides insights for effective control and prevention strategies in dairy goat populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth inhibitory effect of <i>Leptospermum scoparium</i> (manuka) chloroform extract on breast and liver cancer cell lines.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Zharani","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k769","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research has demonstrated that <i>Leptospermum scoparium</i> possesses various therapeutic benefits. This study set out to determine whether or not <i>L. scoparium</i> extracts had any effect on the ability of HepG2 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to survive.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The antiproliferative activity of <i>L. scoparium</i> extracts was explored using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The most active fraction was selected to investigate its effects on apoptosis induction using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The constituents of this fraction were characterized using GC-MS analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Research demonstrated that the chloroform fraction of <i>L. scoparium</i> (LSCF) significantly impacted the HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Treatment with LSCF led to a notable rise in both early and late apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was an upregulation in the mRNA levels of P53, Bax, and caspases, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA saw a decrease. The analysis of LSCF revealed the primary components to be cis-calamenene, beta-eudesmol, cyclododecane, and alpha-muurolene.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed the promising antiproliferative activity of <i>L. scoparium</i>, suggesting its potential application for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>: An <i>in-silico</i> global analysis.","authors":"Ayed Alshammari, Muhammad Irshad Subhani, Majed H Wakid, Abdulsalam A M Alkhaldi, Shujaat Hussain, Muhammad Abdullah Malik, Muhammad Saqib, Warda Qamar, Mughees Aizaz Alvi","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k772","DOIUrl":"10.5455/javar.2024.k772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alveolar echinococcosis is caused by <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>, a parasite of zoonotic significance with a wide range of intermediate and final hosts, and the parasite survives successfully in diversified conditions. Plentiful studies have been done to study the genetic structure of the population of the parasite and the level of intimate kinship using mitochondrial (mt) DNA. The present study was conducted to investigate the population structure, genetic variation, and phylogenetic relationship of various isolates of <i>E. multiocularis</i> submitted to GenBank worldwide. Sequences of mt genes (mt-cytochrome c oxidase (<i>cox</i>1), mt-NADH dehydrogenase <i>(nad</i>1)) of <i>E.</i> <i>multilocularis</i> were analyzed to achieve the set goals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 275 and 124 gene sequences of mt-<i>cox</i>1 and mt-<i>nad</i>1 belonging to <i>E</i>. <i>multilocularis,</i> respectively, were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank. The retrieved sequences were subjected to alignment with respective reference sequences using MEGA software. The PopArt software was used to establish median-joining networks, while DnaSp was used to calculate neutrality and diversity indices. MrBayes software was used to investigate the phylogenetic association between haplotypes based on Bayesian phylogeny.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 13 and 20 distinctive haplotypes of <i>nad</i>1 and <i>cox</i>1 genes, respectively, were observed in the present study. In both of the mt genes, diversity indices indicated low haplotype (mt-<i>cox</i>1 = 0.140; mt-<i>nad</i>1 = 0.374) and nucleotide (mt-<i>cox</i>1 = 0.00111; mt-<i>nad</i>1 = 0.00287) diversities. The values of Tajima's D and Fu Fs for a population of both of the genes under study were found to be negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is a maiden attempt to provide insights into the population structure and genetic variation of <i>E. multilocularis</i> on a global scale. However, it is suggested that to better understand the population structure and genetic diversity of <i>E</i>. <i>multilocularis,</i> more geographical locations and amplifications of full-length gene sequences should be considered, which could be helpful in widening the insights into the genetic diversity of <i>E</i>. <i>multilocularis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11296166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of mycotoxins in swine feed from South Korea.","authors":"Wen Jin, Soo-Yeon Park, Yo-Han Kim, Sung-Jae Kim, Jeong-Hee Han","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To update recent information on contamination levels of mycotoxins in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 208 samples sourced from the feeds of swine farms were collected. The contamination levels of mycotoxins, which are aflatoxin (Afla), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin (FUM), and T-2 toxin, were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The detection levels of the total samples were 78.91% for DON, 75.24% for Afla, 47.02% for ZEN, 68.31% for FUM, and 5.94% for OTA and T-2, which were not detected at all. Most of the analyzed mycotoxins showed significant high occurrences in 47.02%-78.91% of the swine feed samples. 11 of the 152 alfa-positive samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation. In the analysis of mycotoxin detection levels by growth stage, ZEN was found in the nursery stage at a remarkably high concentration level (126.46 ± 63.76 ppb), exceeding the MRL of ZEN for piglets proposed by the European Commission. This mycotoxin was also found in the samples from the gestation barn (89.04 ± 46.05 ppb) and the farrowing house (105.58 ± 94.12) at a high concentration level. Afla was found in the nursery stage at a high concentration (8.00 ± 2.22 ppb), approaching the MRL (10 ppb) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that many swine farms in South Korea are still exposed to mycotoxin risk, and special attention and surveillance are necessary for these mycotoxin risks in swine farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body weight prediction of Belgian Blue crossbred using random forest.","authors":"Lisa Praharani, Chalid Talib, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum, Yeni Widiawati, Santiananda Arta Asmarasari, Supardi Rusdiana, Zultinur Muttaqin, Ria Sari Gail Sianturi, Elizabeth Wina, Endang Sopian, Aqdi Faturahman Arrazy, Umi Adiati, Ferdy Saputra","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to predict the body weight (BW) of a Belgian Blue X Friesian Holstein (BB X FH) crossbred in Indonesia based on morphometrics using random forest.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 26 BB X FH crossbreds were observed for BW, chest weight (CW), body length (BL), hip height (HH), wither height (WH), and chest girth (CG) from 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, and 300 days of age. Stepwise regression and random forest were performed using R 3.6.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The random forest results show that CG is an important variable in estimating BW, with an important variable value of 24.49%. Likewise, the results obtained by stepwise regression show that CG can be an indicator of selection for the BB X FH crossbred. The <i>R</i> squared value obtained from the regression is 0.83, while the <i>R</i> squared value obtained from the random forest (0.86) is greater than the regression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, random forest produces a better model than stepwise regression. However, a good simple equation to use to estimate BW is CG.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A first meta-analysis study on body weight prediction method for beef cattle based on digital image processing.","authors":"Frediansyah Firdaus, Bayu Andri Atmoko, Alek Ibrahim, Tristianto Nugroho, Endang Baliarti, Panjono Panjono","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop a method for predicting the body weight of beef cattle using meta-analysis based on digital image processing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The meta-analysis process commenced by collecting studies with the keywords \"beef cattle,\" \"correlation,\" \"digital image,\" and \"body weight\" from Google Scholar and Science Direct. The obtained studies were reviewed papers based on their titles, abstracts, and content, and then categorized by authors, year, country, sample size, and correlation coefficient. A digital image of body measurements used included wither and hip height, chest depth, heart girth, body length, and top view. The statistical analysis was conducted by calculating effect sizes using the correlation coefficient and sample sizes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the meta-analysis, based on 3,017 cattle from 13 selected studies, showed the highest and lowest correlation coefficients for the top view variable and hip height. Based on cattle breed, significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were observed in the wither height variable with correlation coefficients of 0.94, 0.79, and 0.66 for Hanwoo, Holstein, and Simmental, respectively. Based on sex, significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were seen in the wither height variable, with correlation coefficients of 0.73 for males and 0.90 for females, while for hip height, the values were 0.70 and 0.87, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, to achieve the best accuracy in predicting the body weight of beef cattle based on a digital image, the top view variable can be used. However, for ease of field experimentation, body length or chest depth can also be used while taking breed and sex categories into the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary starch intake and enteric methane emissions in cattle from <i>in vivo</i> experiments.","authors":"Agustin Herliatika, Yeni Widiawati, Anuraga Jayanegara, Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum, Mohammad Ikhsan Shiddieqy, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko, Sharli Asmairicen, Maureen Chrisye Hadiatry, Alif Shabira Putri, Eko Handiwirawan, Tatan Kostaman, Lisa Praharani, Umi Adiati","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Different sources and levels of starch in the total mixed ration might result in different rumen fermentation profiles, rumen microbial composition, and enteric methane production. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary starch intake on enteric methane production through a meta-analytical approach by integrating related published studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Papers that provided study results on enteric methane production from cattle fed different sources and levels of starch were selected. A total of 52 publications were filtered based on some specified criteria, comprised of 73 studies focused on enteric methane production in cattle fed a basal diet supplemented with starch. The collected data were subjected to statistical meta-analysis through a mixed methodology model. The <i>p</i>-value and root mean square error (RMSE) were applied as the statistical models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that increasing the level of dietary starch intake and its digestibility in the rumen as well as increasing propionate significantly decreased the acetate to propionate (A/P) ratio as well as enteric methane production (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is concluded that the addition of starch to diets mitigates enteric methane production from cattle, primarily through two ways, i.e., manipulation of the protozoa population and alteration to a lower A/P ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of total aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in poultry feed ingredients by thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.","authors":"Mustafa Rahim, Nadeem Rashid, Khanoranga, Waqas Ahmad, Zainia Rehmat, Afroz Rais, Zainab Siddique, Kashif Kamran","doi":"10.5455/javar.2024.k754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of total aflatoxin (AF) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in poultry feed ingredients under different environmental conditions during the summer and winter seasons, while the hygiene quality of the feed ingredient was assessed through viable fungal count (VFC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 288 poultry feed ingredients (<i>n =</i> 96 each) samples were collected from different poultry shops, which were initially analyzed for the presence of AF and OTA through thin layer chromatography (TLC) and then confirmed the contamination concentration through the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the current study confirmed the incidence of contamination with AF and OTA by TLC and ELISA methods. The contamination level of AF ranged from 26.09 to 50.56 (mean <i>=</i> 41.22 ± 9.45) μg/kg, whereas the contamination level of OTA ranged from 50.13 to 6.21 (mean 42.60 ± 6.21) μg<i>/kg.</i> The contamination level of AF was found to be above the permissible level set by the Food and Drug Administration (20 μg/kg), whereas the contamination level of OTA was below the permissible limits. Moreover, the VFC values were also below the recommended level. The results showed that the association between AF, OTA, and moisture content was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mycotoxin contamination was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) highest in the winter season. These findings suggested that continuous monitoring regimes might prevent mycotoxin contamination in poultry feed ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}