International journal of sports physiology and performance最新文献

{"title":"Moderate-Duration Dynamic Stretching During Warm-up Improves Running Economy and Running Performance in Recreational Distance Runners.","authors":"Marco Panascì, Vittoria Ferrando, Ambra Bisio, Luca Filipas, Simone Di Gennaro, Luca Puce, Piero Ruggeri, Emanuela Faelli","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0468","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate, in distance runners, the acute effects of moderate durations (60 s per leg) of static (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on running economy (RE) and performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve recreational runners completed a randomized crossover design. Initially, the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) and the speed associated with the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (vVO2max) were determined through an incremental test. Then, participants completed submaximal continuous-running (75%VT2 and 85%VT2) and running-until-exhaustion (vVO2max) tests preceded by 3 warm-ups: running plus SS or DS (SS or DS conditions) and running without stretching (NS condition). The SS and DS conditions consisted of 5 minutes of running plus 10 minutes of SS or DS, respectively, and the NS condition consisted of 15 minutes of running without stretching. RE at 75%VT2 and 85%VT2, time to exhaustion, and total running distance were evaluated. Rating of perceived exertion was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Running economy at 75%VT2 resulted significantly better in the DS than in the NS (P < .001) and in the SS (P < .05). Time to exhaustion and total running distance were significantly improved in DS compared with NS (P < .001) and SS (P < .01). No differences in rating of perceived exertion among conditions were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that, in recreational distance runners, a preexercise moderate-duration bout of DS improved RE and enhanced total running distance and time to exhaustion, whereas 60 seconds of SS did not induce significant improvements. Overall, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of moderate DS durations in optimizing RE and performance parameters, showing that such effects depend on the stretching modality used.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Match Running Performance and Environmental Temperatures in 4 Professional Football Leagues.","authors":"Edgar Schwarz, Rob Duffield, Andrew R Novak, Tom Görres, Tim Meyer","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0248","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated associations between environmental temperatures and match running performance in 4 professional football leagues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Running performance indicators including total, high-speed, and sprint distances were collated from 1610 matches from the German Bundesliga 1 and 2, Japanese J-League, and Turkish SüperLig. Environmental data for each of these matches were obtained for dry-bulb and wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) retrospectively from public sources. Linear regressions were used to determine relationships between running performance indicators and both temperature and WBGT for individual leagues. Furthermore, linear mixed models were used to determine associations across all 4 leagues, accounting for differences between them as random effects. Bonferroni corrections were applied to account for multiple tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, combined-league data showed that total distance (95% CI, -0.50 to 0.37; β: -0.36), number of high-speed runs (95% CI, -4.57 to 2.93; β: -0.29), high-speed distances (95% CI, -0.07 to 0.05; β: -0.28), number of sprints (95% CI, -2.72 to 2.07; β: -0.39), and sprint distances (95% CI, -0.05 to 0.03; β: -0.22) were all lower when WBGT was higher (P < .001), whereas the peak speed recorded per match (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03; β: 0.18) was higher when WBGT was higher (P < .001). Models with temperature instead of WBGT derived similar results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Warmer environmental conditions were associated with lower total, high-speed, and sprint distances covered. These responses may result from an increased thermoregulatory load or indirectly from an adapted individual or team-tactical pacing strategy in warmer conditions. Teams should consider strategies to counter such effects to avoid lower distances covered at high intensities that are related to success in football.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Prematch Travel and Training on Physical and Technical Performance in International Football Matches.","authors":"Ewan Clements, Fabian Ehrmann, Andrew Clark, Mark Jones, Alan McCall, Rob Duffield","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0511","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined the relationship of prematch travel and in-camp training on ensuing physical and technical match performance of footballers (soccer) competing for a national team.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Match running and technical performance data were obtained from 68 national-team footballers competing in international matches (N = 108). Match performance data were aligned with the confirmed travel durations, time-zone change, travel direction, and time between arrival and kickoff for the travel to the match. In addition, in-camp training load from the 3 days prior to national-team matches was also collated. Linear mixed models assessed relationships between travel and training measures with physical and technical match performance outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Travel variables explained little variance in outcomes (R2 = .02-.16). Traveling eastward was associated with an increase in total (P = .042) and very high-speed distance (P = .030) in matches and a 5% decrease in pass accuracy (P = .012). Greater time-zone difference was associated with increased match decelerations (P = .027), while arriving later for matches was associated with increased total (P = .041) tackles. Increases in training high-speed distance were associated with increases in match high-speed distance (P = .004) and number of decelerations (P < .001). An increase in training total distance was associated with a decrease in match decelerations (P = .002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prematch travel appeared to have minimal effects on physical and technical performance in this national team. Training loads prior to matches may have some relationship with match running performance, and, thus, readiness to train should be a priority for athletes arriving in national-team camps.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic Energy Turnover and Exercise Economy Profile During Race Simulation in a World-Record-Breaking Male Full-Distance Triathlete.","authors":"Peter M Christensen","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0221","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate metabolism and exercise economy during prolonged race simulation (>4 h) in a world-class, full-distance triathlete to help guide/adjust strategies for training, nutrition, hydration, and thermoregulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two experimental race-simulation days, designed to mimic the demands of a full-distance triathlon, were executed by a world-class male triathlete (MD; 25 y, body weight 82 kg, V˙O2max 6.2 L·min-1, blood lactate threshold ∼410 W, and 18 km · h-1 in cycling and running) who at the time ranked second in the world. Race simulation was performed 23 and 10 days prior to competing in Challenge Roth 2023, where MD won in a new world record/best time (7:24:40 h:min:s). Both test days lasted ∼4 to 5 hours with physiologic testing every ∼45 to 60 minutes in a \"stationary\" setting during cycling on a direct-mount trainer (∼320 W) and treadmill running (16 km · h-1), enabling gas exchange measurements (V˙O2 and respiratory exchange ratio) and other physiologic measurements of interest (ie, core temperature and heart rate). This was combined with \"real activity\" as repeated loops in an open-air field setting at expected race pace in swimming, biking, and running.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>V˙O2 was maintained at ∼4.2 L·min-1, with carbohydrates being the dominant fuel for oxidation as respiratory exchange ratio values dropped from ∼1 at the start of cycling to ∼0.85 during running. Cycling economy was stable, whereas a slight impairment in running economy occurred over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High aerobic energy turnover and stable exercise economy can be maintained in a world-class record-breaking triathlete for prolonged period of time (+4 h), showcasing the importance of both for success in competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Birthplace Altitude and Training Volume on Hematological Characteristics in Youth and Junior Male Colombian Cyclists.","authors":"Erica Mancera-Soto, Mauricio Garzon, Alain S Comtois, Grégoire P Millet","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0166","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The long-term development of talent in endurance sports is a topic of interest. Among various factors, the importance of total hemoglobin mass (tHbmass) and the potential benefits of being an altitude-native athlete remain unclear, particularly in young categories. This study aimed to investigate the impact of altitude and training content on hematological characteristics by comparing young male cyclists age 15-16 and 17-18 years who were born and trained at a moderate altitude (ie, greater than or equal to 2500 m; MA) and cyclists who were born and trained at low altitude (below 1000 m; LA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>tHbmass (in grams and grams per kilogram), measured by using the optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method during an incremental test on a cycle ergometer; hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin concentration; and erythrocyte, blood, and plasma volume were measured in youth male cyclists age 15-16 years and junior cyclists age 17-18 years who were born and trained at MA versus LA. All variables were analyzed with a 2-way (age [youth cyclist vs junior cyclist] × altitude level [MA vs LA]) analysis of variance with subsequent Tuckey post hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Some altitude-induced benefits were reported in cyclists at age 15-16 years in the MA group with higher values in hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin concentration, and tHbmass (grams per kilogram) (P < .05) than their LA counterparts. This was also observed at age 17-18 years (P < .001), except for tHbmass, wherein no significant difference was found between MA and LA groups. In contrast, plasma volume was lower in MA than LA junior cyclists.</p><p><strong>New findings: </strong>(1) The altitude of birth and residence could generate an advantage in tHbmass in young male cyclists age 15-16 and 17-18 years who train at MA compared with cyclists who are born and train at LA. (2) Altitude-induced benefits in physiological variables (hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin concentration, tHbmass in g·kg-1) were reported in cyclists at age 15-16 years and partially at age 17-18 years. In contrast, plasma volume was lower in MA than in LA junior cyclists. This may impact the strategies for identifying and developing talent in cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142346667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum. Effects of the Birthplace Altitude and Training Volume on Hematological Characteristics in Youth and Junior Male Colombian Cyclists.","authors":"","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0476","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum. Racing Demands for Winning a Grand Tour: Differences and Similarities Between a Female and a Male Winner.","authors":"","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0463","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Fecal Organic Acid Profile Before Training on Athletic Performance Improvement After High-Intensity Interval Training.","authors":"Tomomi Yoshikawa, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Akiyoshi Sakai, Takahiro Kuno, Yuji Nimura, Hidetoshi Matsunami","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0421","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study sought to investigate the efficacy of Tabata-style high-intensity interval training (T-HIIT) on athletic performance in judoka and to determine the impact of the fecal organic acid profile before training on the improvement of athletic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty males from Aichi University Judo Club (10 high-level competitors and 10 others) were included. Physical fitness tests such as the Uchikomi shuttle run, countermovement jump, squat jump, and chin-ups using a judo uniform were performed before and after T-HIIT. Fecal samples were collected before T-HIIT to measure the fecal concentration of organic acids. The fecal characteristics were categorized using the Bristol Stool Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean number of repetitions of the Uchikomi shuttle run test significantly increased for all judoka following T-HIIT. However, improvements in other physical fitness tests varied, with some judoka showing improvements while others did not. The changes in countermovement jump (r = -.48, P = .029) and chin-ups using a judo uniform (r = -.45, P = .045) after T-HIIT were significantly negatively correlated with the fecal concentrations of succinic acid before T-HIIT. There was a significant correlation between the Bristol Stool Scale score and fecal concentrations of succinic acid (r = .45, P = .044). Compared with other compounds, the fecal concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly greater in high-level competitors, while succinic acid concentrations tended to be lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T-HIIT effectively improved the specialized endurance of the judoka. Modifying the fecal organic acid profile, especially the fecal succinic acid concentration, may enhance the efficacy of athletic performance improvements achieved by T-HITT.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual-Cycle and Hormonal-Contraceptive Tracking in Gaelic Football: From the Lab to the Field.","authors":"Bernadette Cherianne Taim, Ciarán Ó Catháin, Kirsty J Elliott-Sale, Sharon Madigan, Niamh Ní Chéilleachair","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0489","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2023-0489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of menstrual-cycle (MC) and hormonal-contraceptive (HC) tracking among Gaelic Football players, including the characterization of MC status and symptomatology, and to examine the effect of MC and oral-contraceptive-pill phases on daily wellness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen highly trained players (age 24.2 [3.5] y), including non-HC (n = 6), oral contraceptive pill (n = 7), and intrauterine system (n = 1) users, prospectively tracked their MC or HC alongside daily self-reported wellness measures for 4 months. A combination of calendar-based counting, urinary ovulation prediction testing, and a midluteal serum progesterone measurement was used to assess MC status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 2 non-HC players were eumenorrheic. Two players exhibited oligomenorrhea (cycle length, 39 [4] d), and ovulation was not detected in one of them. Luteal phase deficiency was indicated in 2 players (serum progesterone range <1.0-7.5 nmol·L-1). All players except 1 reported at least 1 negative MC-related symptom or HC side effect. Linear mixed-model analyses revealed that wellness measures were not affected by oral contraceptive pill phase (P > .05). Linear mixed-model analysis was not performed in non-HC users due to the small sample of eumenorrheic players (n = 2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diverse reproductive profiles were observed, including HC use and subtle MC irregularities that would likely go undetected without prospective MC tracking using biochemical outcomes. This highlights the value of incorporating ovulation testing and blood sampling when establishing the MC status of athletes in applied research and practice where feasible. Applied researchers should anticipate practical challenges, including inconsistencies in ovulation testing timings and the time scale required to assess MC status among athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flight-Time Method Modified: Development of a Novel and More Accurate Method for Measuring Vertical Jump Height Using a Smartphone Application.","authors":"Takuya Nishioka, Shota Yamaguchi, Takayuki Inami","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0063","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The flight-time method (FT) is used for measuring vertical jump height (JH) in the field because of its convenience; however, FT overestimates JH when the lower limb is flexed at landing. Herein, we proposed a new method (ie, flight-time method modified [FTM]) to address the problem of FT and evaluate its validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 24 men performed 6 countermovement jumps on force plates (sampling rate: 1000 Hz) while being recorded with a smartphone high-speed camera at 240 frames·s-1. JH was calculated by the impulse-momentum method (IM), FT, and FTM. For FTM, the flight time and JH were calculated based on the displacement of the greater-trochanter marker using a smartphone application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>JH calculated using FT was significantly higher (P < .001) compared with JH calculated by IM; however, JH calculated by FTM showed no significant difference with JH calculated by IM. Furthermore, JH calculated by FTM, compared with JH calculated by FT (ρ = .882; 95% CI, .838-.914), exhibited a stronger, nearly perfect, and significantly positive correlation (ρ = .987; 95% CI, .982-.991) with JH calculated by IM and showed high reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FTM proposed in this study had higher concurrent validity compared with FT and a high reliability for measuring countermovement JH because it was not affected by lower-extremity flexion at landing. Therefore, practitioners should consider using FTM as a convenient, low-cost, reliable, and more valid method for measuring JH in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}