International journal of sports physiology and performance最新文献

{"title":"Continental Performance Profiles in Elite Youth Football: A Multidimensional Analysis of Physical, Technical-Tactical, Spatial, and Passing Network Performance Across U-17 and U-20 World Cups.","authors":"Xudong Yang, Wonwoo Ju, Kongyun Huang, Bingnan Gong, Changjing Zhou, Miguel Ángel Gómez Ruano","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2026-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2026-0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to construct a multidimensional performance profile of men's elite youth national teams from the 6 continental confederations (AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC, and UEFA) by examining physical, technical-tactical, spatial, and passing network characteristics at the 2023 FIFA U-17 and U-20 World Cups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 174 match observations and 943 player observations were analyzed using mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At U-17, confederation-related differences were observed across physical, spatial, and passing-related domains. AFC players covered more total distance than CONMEBOL (P = .006, effect size [ES] = 1.55), while CAF players reached higher top speeds than OFC (P = .030, ES = 0.87) and showed greater team length in the middle and defensive thirds (mean difference [MD] = 3.55 to 10.19 m, P = .004-.040). UEFA showed stronger passing-related profiles than OFC, including higher pass and line-break completion (MD = 0.17 to 0.28, P ≤.005) and higher passing network density, global efficiency, and average clustering coefficient (MD = 0.08 to 0.16, P = .004-.036). At U-20, physical and most spatial differences were limited, whereas passing network differences persisted, with OFC teams showing lower density than all other confederations (MD = -0.17 to -0.11, P < .001-.018) and lower global efficiency than CONCACAF, UEFA, and CAF teams (MD = -0.09 to -0.08, P = .005-.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Confederation-related profiles were more prominent at U-17 but became less evident in physical and spatial domains by U-20, whereas passing-related differences persisted and highlighted collective passing organization as an important feature of elite youth football development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Additional Effects of Block- Compared to Even-Periodization of Low-Intensity Training in Junior Cross-Country Skiers.","authors":"Jacob Walther, Lars Hänel, Ronja Krohn, Steffen Großmann, Moritz Schumann","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0552","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare effects of block periodization against evenly distributed low-intensity training on endurance performance in well-trained junior cross-country (XC) skiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty junior cross-country skiers participated in a crossover design study. Athletes were matched by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and sex and were randomly assigned to either BLOCK or EVEN interventions, each lasting 4 weeks, separated by a 1-week break. BLOCK performed 1 week at 160% of baseline endurance volume, followed by weeks of reduced volume, while EVEN maintained consistent volume. Total training volume was identical between conditions. Pretesting and posttesting measured VO2max, maximal aerobic speed (Vmax), and submaximal performance indices. Subjective markers of stress and recovery were also assessed daily.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant treatment-time interaction effects were found between the BLOCK and EVEN interventions for any performance variable, including VO2max (P = .83, d = -0.1), Vmax (P = .15, d = -0.4), or submaximal speed at 3 mmol⋅L-1 blood lactate concentration (V3mmol/L) (P = .55, d = 0.2). While both groups demonstrated significant within-group improvements in some performance variables, these gains were not statistically different between the 2 periodization strategies. The BLOCK group, however, reported significantly lower mood and perceived recovery during the high-volume week and the subsequent recovery week.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Block periodization of low-intensity training is not more effective for improving endurance performance in junior cross-country skiers than volume-matched, evenly distributed training. The concentrated, high-volume week of low-intensity training was well-tolerated and safe but failed to provide an additional performance stimulus. The findings indicate that for training with a lower physiological stress profile, consistent application, rather than concentration, is the primary driver of adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1164-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148005224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Associations Between Isometric Strength and Dynamic Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players.","authors":"Nikolaos D Asimakidis, Marco Beato, Chris Bishop, Anthony N Turner","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0673","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate within-player, longitudinal associations between global and hip-specific isometric strength and dynamic performance across a season in elite youth soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a repeated-measures observational design, 25 elite U19 male soccer players were assessed at preseason, midseason, and end of season. Global isometric strength was evaluated using the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), while hip adduction and abduction strength were assessed via fixed-frame dynamometry. Dynamic assessments included the countermovement jump (CMJ), single-leg CMJ, linear sprinting (5-30 m), 505 test, and Bronco test. Within-player associations were examined using repeated-measures correlation, accounting for the nonindependence of repeated observations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases in IMTP absolute and relative peak force were associated with improvements in CMJ jump height and peak power (rrm = .50 to .62) and faster 505 change of direction time (rrm = -.32 to -.44). No meaningful associations were observed between IMTP strength and unilateral jumping, linear sprinting, change of direction deficit, or endurance performance. Changes in isometric hip abduction strength were associated with CMJ performance (rrm = .28 to .53) and 505 change of direction time (rrm = -.29 to -.41), whereas isometric hip adduction strength showed no significant associations with any dynamic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longitudinal changes in isometric strength were most strongly associated with dynamic tasks sharing similar biomechanical and kinetic demands, particularly those requiring high vertical or braking force production. These findings reinforce isometric testing as a low-fatigue indicator of force capacity and robustness, while indicating that such measures should complement, rather than replace, dynamic assessments within a comprehensive performance monitoring framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1124-1133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147987578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Repeated Countermovement Jumps on Lower-Limb Function and Inter-Limb Asymmetry in Youth Ice-Hockey Athletes.","authors":"Bryce Twible, Luca Ruggiero, Brian H Dalton, Chris J McNeil","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0287","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most popular assessments of neuromuscular function for many athletes is the vertical countermovement jump (CMJ). It is a valuable measurement of maximal output when performed with a limited number of repetitions and sufficient rest between attempts. However, this design offers little insight into the influence of exercise-induced fatigue on neuromuscular function, which is relevant to the demands of various sports. When CMJs are performed on a dual-force plate system, limb-specific metrics and inter-limb asymmetry can be assessed, providing further insight into the link between fatigue and lower-limb function.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to implement a repetitive CMJ protocol to investigate the effect of fatigue on CMJ performance and to determine if inter-limb asymmetry increased as fatigue progressed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two male, youth hockey athletes (15.6 [1.2] y) performed 30 CMJs at 4-second intervals on a dual-force plate system. Force- and power-related dependent variables were separated into bins of 5 consecutive jumps (eg, 1-5, 5-10, etc) for subsequent data and statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to bin 1, relative peak power and jump height were reduced by 6.1% and 5.5% respectively, whereas braking and total jump duration increased by 5.2% and 3.7%, respectively (P < .01). There were no changes to relative peak force, relative braking rate of force development, or any inter-limb asymmetry measure throughout the fatiguing task (P ≥ .06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thirty CMJs induced modest performance impairments and alterations to jump strategy, thereby providing insight into the influence of fatigue on neuromuscular function during repeated exercise, which exceeds possible insights when CMJs are compared before and after exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1115-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Sex Hormones and Substrate Oxidation During a High-Intensity Interval Exercise: A Comparative Analysis Across Distinct Phases of Females' Hormonal Profiles.","authors":"José Antonio Benítez-Muñoz, Isabel Guisado-Cuadrado, Carmen P Ortega-Santos, Víctor M Alfaro-Magallanes, Nuria Romero-Parra, Paula Acevedo, Ana B Peinado, Rocío Cupeiro","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0664","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare energy expenditure (EE), carbohydrate (CHOx), and fat oxidation (FatOx) during a high-intensity interval exercise across the early follicular, late follicular, and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (MC); the active pill (APP) and withdrawal (WP) phases of the oral contraceptive (OC) cycle; and in postmenopausal females (POS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four eumenorrheic females, 18 OC users and 13 POS completed a standardized high-intensity interval running protocol (8 × 3 min at 85% vVO2peak). Eumenorrheic participants were tested in the early follicular phase, late follicular phase, and mid-luteal phase; OC users in the APP and WP; and POS once. Hormonal phases were verified by circulating 17β-oestradiol and progesterone. EE, CHOx, and FatOx were quantified using indirect calorimetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EE and substrate oxidation did not differ across the MC phases (all P > .05). CHOx was slightly lower during APP than WP (P = .025; mean difference = 123 mg·min-1). FatOx was lower in POS compared with late follicular phase (P = .03; mean difference = 92 mg·min-1) and mid-luteal phase (P = .039; mean difference = 89 mg·min-1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hormonal fluctuations during the MC have minimal impact on EE or substrate oxidation during exercise, suggesting their measurements do not need to be adjusted according to MC phases. However, small but significant differences were found between phases of the OC cycle, with lower CHOx during the APP compared to the WP. Finally, POS exhibit lower FatOx than eumenorrheic females.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1134-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Neuromuscular Fatigue in Trail Running: A Systematic Review Across Distances and Sex Differences.","authors":"Violeta Muñoz de la Cruz, Fernando González-Mohíno, Felipe García-Pinillos, Diego Jaén-Carrillo","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0544","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study systematically reviewed the fatigue mechanisms that constrain trail running performance and examined the influence of sex and event distance on these responses. PRISMA guidelines were followed. PubMed, Web of Science, and Dimensions AI databases were searched up to August 10, 2025 for studies involving adult-trained or experienced trail runners that compared prerace and postrace fatigue markers after a standard trail race or laboratory race simulation. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 674 subjects; 506 men and 168 women). Most studies (n = 21) examined only or predominantly male runners, and only four studies specifically assessed sex differences. Participants were trained adults (mean age = 39.4 [8.5] y), with sample sizes ranging from 6 to 72 individuals. Regarding race distance, 4 studies investigated short races (≤60 km), 4 medium races (60-100 km), 8 long races (≥100 km), and 8 compared multiple distances within the same study. Fatigue assessment primarily relied on knee extensor and plantar flexor torque testing to evaluate central and peripheral fatigue, complemented by alternative methods such as tensiomyography, soft tissue vibration, strength, and jump tests. Ten of the studies analyzed blood biomarkers related to muscle damage, inflammation, and renal function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neuromuscular fatigue in trail running arises from both central and peripheral mechanisms, depending on race duration and testing methods. While central fatigue predominates in shorter races, peripheral fatigue and muscle damage become more evident in longer events (≥100 km). Moreover, sex differences are minimal, although methodological heterogeneity limits the strength and comparability of the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"698-707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147874236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Intermittent Sequential Pneumatic Compression on Functional, Biochemical, and Perceptual Recovery Markers in Trained Cyclists: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Crossover Trial.","authors":"Filipe Maia, João Barreira, Sandro Tito, Fábio Yuzo Nakamura, João Ribeiro","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0397","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intermittent Sequential Pneumatic Compression (ISPC) has gained popularity as a recovery modality among athletes, yet its effectiveness in high-performance cycling settings remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 30-minute high-pressure ISPC intervention, in comparison with a sham condition, on the recovery of high-level road cyclists following a 30-minute all-out time trial on a stationary trainer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one male participants (age: 22.8 [4.8] y) were included in this crossover trial, with their recovery protocol sequence randomly assigned. Measures of isometric knee extension, cycling performance (4-min time-trial), quadriceps low-frequency fatigue, creatine kinase, and subjective measures of fatigue, recovery, and muscle soreness were collected at baseline, 1-hour postintervention (post 1h), and at 24 and 48 hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Benefits from the use of ISPC were identified in perceptions of recovery, muscle soreness, and fatigue, as well as in low-frequency fatigue scores and maximal voluntary contraction of knee extension (P < .05); however, these effects did not translate into improved performance in subsequent time trials at the 24th hour (4 min; P = .18). Additionally, no relevant increase in creatine kinase activity was identified following the fatigue protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While ISPC appears to enhance acute subjective and neuromuscular recovery markers following a strenuous time trial, it does not appear to confer a performance advantage in a short-duration cycling effort 24 hours later. However, its use may still be justifiable to accelerate perceptual and neuromuscular recovery in high-level cyclists.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1107-1114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147874239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Sectional Body Composition Analysis in Distinct Union Cycliste Internationale Categories of Male Road Cyclists: A Multimodal Approach.","authors":"Andrea Giorgi, Francesco Campa, Catarina N Matias, Borja Martinez-Gonzalez, Martino V Franchi","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0637","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body composition is a key determinant of performance in road cycling. However, field-based, multimodal analyses of body composition across different competitive age categories are lacking. This study aimed to investigate body composition and performance metrics using portable assessment tools in Junior, Under-23, and Professional categories of male road cyclists of the Union Cycliste Internationale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational cross-sectional study, 62 male road cyclists underwent body composition assessment via bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and B-mode ultrasonography to evaluate subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness and thigh muscle architecture. Field-based performance parameters, critical power (CP) and anaerobic work capacity (W'), were derived from power meter data collected over 60 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Professional cyclists exhibited significantly lower SAT thickness at several limb sites with higher impedance vector length (Z/h), indicating reduced total body water compared with Junior cyclists. No significant differences in muscle architecture were observed across categories. Professional cyclists demonstrated superior absolute and relative CP and W'. Across all cyclists, lower SAT thickness and phase angle, and higher Z/h, were associated with better endurance performance. Muscle thickness and architecture of the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris were positively associated with W' and absolute CP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher-level cyclists exhibit a body composition profile characterized by lower SAT and reduced total body water, which correlates with performance indexes. The combined use of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and ultrasonography provides a practical, field-based approach for monitoring body composition in road cyclists, supporting tailored training and nutritional strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1050-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Most Demanding Match Periods in Youth Male Soccer: Analysis by Age Groups and Playing Position.","authors":"Ricardo Pimenta, Juliano Pires, José Afonso, João L Mesquita, Fábio Y Nakamura","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0594","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify and compare most demanding periods (MDPs) of match play in soccer for total distance, high-speed running distance, and sprint distance across 1-, 3-, and 5-minute periods, examining both positional differences and age groups (under 17, under 19, and under 23) in youth male soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight outfield players from the same professional academy (under 17: n = 24, under 19: n = 23, and under 23: n = 21) competing in top national divisions were monitored over 50 official matches using 10-Hz global navigation satellite system units (Catapult Vector S7). MDPs were identified using the rolling average method for each period. Linear mixed models compared MDPs among positions and age groups, with Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc tests and effect sizes (Cohen's d).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No differences were observed between age groups for any metric or period length (P > .05). However, positional differences were found. Center backs consistently exhibited the lowest values across all metrics (P < .05; d = 1.18-2.72), while midfielders showed similar sprint distance values to center backs. Strikers and wingers presented the highest sprint distance MDPs, whereas midfielders and strikers recorded the highest total distance MDPs. Shorter time windows produced higher relative values (in meters per minute) across all metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From under 17 onward, highly trained male youth players displayed comparable external load demands during the MDPs of match play, irrespective of age group. Conversely, MDPs were strongly position-dependent, reflecting distinct tactical and physical demands. These findings reinforce the importance of position-specific training while ensuring all players are prepared to cope with atypical high-intensity demands during match play.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1149-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Effects of Sprint Training With and Without Weighted Vests on Linear and Change of Direction Sprint Performance in Youth Baseball Players.","authors":"Dariel Pérez Begambre, Jhean Carlos Marsiglia Pérez, Janderson Cano Arango, Samuel Jose Gaviria-Alzate, Wilder Geovanny Valencia-Sánchez","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0471","DOIUrl":"10.1123/ijspp.2025-0471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sprint training is essential to enhance performance in baseball. This study examined the effects of sprint training with and without a weighted vest on 27-m (30-yd) and 55-m (60-yd) linear and 55-m (60-yd) change-of-direction sprint performance in youth baseball players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an open-label, 2-arm parallel group randomized trial with preintervention and postintervention assessments. Thirty-eight male youth baseball players (13.4 [0.5] y) were randomly assigned to a control group or an experimental group (n = 19 each). Both groups completed a 4-week (12-session) sprint training program. The experimental group trained wearing a vest equivalent to 10% of body mass, whereas the control group trained unloaded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant group × time interaction was observed for any sprint outcome (27-m: P = .174, r = .22, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.45; 55-m: P = .169, r = .23, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.45; 55-m change of direction: P = .132, r = .25, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.45). However, all participants improved sprint performance following the intervention, with percentage changes of -1.18% to -1.68% for the 27-m sprint (95% CI, -2.83 to -0.10%), -1.00% to -1.18% for the 55-m sprint (95% CI, -1.82 to -0.31%), and -0.94% to -1.08% for the 55-m change-of-direction sprint (95% CI, -1.62 to -0.28%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under the conditions of a 4-week intervention using a weighted-vest equivalent to 10% of body mass, weighted-vest sprint training did not produce superior improvements compared with unloaded sprint training in youth baseball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"938-949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}