華人運動生物力學期刊最新文献

{"title":"優秀長跑選手不同距離的著地策略及跑步速度的影響","authors":"黃全成 黃全成, 凃威廷 凃威廷, 蔡焙丞 蔡焙丞, 王信寰 王信寰, 涂瑞洪 涂瑞洪, 陳家祥 陳家祥","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的︰本研究透過馬拉松賽事影響拍攝分析男性優秀長跑選手不同距離的著地策略及跑步速度的變化。方法： 13 名選手平均 40 公里馬拉松成績為 2 小時 44 分 52秒。透過攝影機 (60 Hz) 觀察選手通過不同距離紀錄點 (1 公里、20 公里、30 公里及 40 公里) 跑者不同足部著地形態(後足、中足及前足)。使用描述性統計，呈現不同距離下使用不同著地形態之比例，使用重複量數單因子變異數分析，檢驗不同著地模式對配速之差異及不同距離下對配速之差異是否達到顯著差異，顯著水準訂為 α = .05。結果：選手在 30 ~ 40 公里時配速時間會顯著下滑 10 ~ 12 % (約為 22~ 27 秒)，但改變著地模式最多的卻發生在 20 - 30 公里的區間 (前足有 23 %、中足有 46 %、後足 31 %)，再者，使用前足及中足的著地形態可以有較短的配速時間。結論：目前優秀長跑選手採用中前足著地策略居多，使用中前足著地策略可以獲得較佳的跑步表現，再者，著地策略改變後伴隨影響跑步速度。設計新款專業馬拉松慢跑鞋應著重前足的設計。\u0000 Purpose: This study aimed at investigating footfall strategies and speed variation of elite long-distance runner at different distances. Methods: The study observed 13 elite distance runners with an average 2 hour 44 minute and 52 second marathon finished time. Footfall patterns (rare foot strike, midfoot strike, forefoot strike) at different distances (1 km, 20 km, 30 km, 40 km) were recorded by a camera of 60 Hz sampling frequency. The descriptive statistic was applied to present the ratio of runners’ footfall pattern at different distances, and the one way repeated measuring ANOVA was carried out to observe the significance level between footfall strategies and pace, and distance and footfall strategies. The significance level was set as α=.05. Results: Running speed indicated a 10 ~ 12% (22 ~ 27 second per km) drop at 30 ~ 40 km, however, major footfall patterns changed at the distance over 20 ~ 30 km (Forefoot 23%, midfoot 46%, rare foot 31%). Furthermore, higher running speed came along with forefoot landing. Conclusion: Giving the current climate, elite runners adopt mostly mid- and forefoot running which could lead to better performance, and footfall patterns affect running speed. Therefore, future design should concentrate more on the forefoot part.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"162 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"基於動作影像追蹤於坐姿賦能運動量化評估與分析","authors":"莊濱鴻 莊濱鴻, 楊珮菁 楊珮菁, 邱毓賢 邱毓賢, 陳奕安 陳奕安, 莊宜達 Yi-an Chen","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究目的為應用人工智慧動作影像追蹤技術量化分析坐姿運動器材之靜動態運動姿態及表現。方法：透過影像追蹤技術探討「主被動混合運動訓練器」採正確坐姿之適體擺位乘坐於可扭擺的座墊上，分別進行上肢平握及上肢上舉兩種姿態，並以兩種迴轉數 (60、80 RPM) 進行身體骨架節點的即時追蹤與計算，再以描述性統計和成對樣本 t 檢定進行驗證。結果：坐姿運動器材運作過程中，利用上下肢體肌肉的力量以維持身體之平衡確實在不同坐姿下的 60 與 80 RPM 達顯著差異。結論：基於本研究所開發的動作影像追蹤軟體平台，確實能提供人體動作的即時擷取和量化分析運動數據。本研究之整體架構與實驗設計皆呈現其可行性與實用性。\u0000 Purpose: The study aimed to apply artificial intelligence for motion capture and body tracking to analyze movement data characteristics of static and dynamic movement posture and performance. Methods: Using motion image tracking technology, the study employs a specially designed seat with adjustable rotation to ensure correct sitting posture, and the inventor of this study sits on this seat. Two upper limb positions, namely dual-hand grip and lifting movements, are performed at frequencies of 60 rpm and 80 rpm. Body skeletal joint calculations are conducted, and descriptive statistics and Paired Sample t-test are employed to validate the differences among the four combinations. Results: During the operation of the machine, utilizing the strength of the upper and lower limb muscles to maintain body balance indeed results in significant differences in the trajectory and characteristics of the four-movement groups. Conclusion: This research developed the image tracking software platform to validate and analyze quantitative movement data. The overall architecture and experimental design of the study are feasible and practicable.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"125 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"全球健身趨勢比較:系統性文獻回顧","authors":"邱婉婷 邱婉婷, 陳韋翰 Wan-Ting Chiu, 李尹鑫 Wei-Han Chen, 相子元 相子元","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 自 2006 年以來，美國運動醫學會 (ACSM; American College of Sports Medicine) 每年都會進行全球健身趨勢調查，提供相關業者了解健康與健身行業的趨勢，可作為未來商業決策的參考依據。2017 年開始，有不同國家學者依循 ACSM 的調查方式針對該國或地區的健身趨勢進行調查，藉此了解不同區域性的健身趨勢情形。目的：(1) 探討近 5 年、10 年全球健身趨勢變化、(2) 比較全球與美國健身趨勢的異同、(3) 全球與中國健身趨勢的異同、以及 (4) 2022 年各國健身趨勢之異同。方法：藉由 PubＭed 以及 Scopus 等電子資料庫進行文獻搜尋，搜尋日期 2022 年 5 月。結果：經過篩選最後納入 35 篇文章進行系統性文獻回顧。依文獻研究調查的區域分類：全球健身趨勢調查共 16 篇；區域性健身趨勢調查共 6 篇；單一國家健身趨勢調查共 13 篇。結論：本研究主要發現，(1) 近五年 (2022 – 2018 年) 全球熱門健身趨勢依序為穿戴科技、高強度間歇訓練、徒手訓練、私人訓練、高齡者健身計畫；其中穿戴科技、私人訓練、高齡者健身計畫相較近 10 年 (2022 - 2013年) 呈上升趨勢；(2) 全球健身趨勢與美國健身趨勢幾乎完全相同；(3) 有別於全球健身趨勢，中國健身趨勢更著重於減重相關的議題 (健康飲食、兒童和青少年運動、有氧健身) 以及健身專業與傷害相關的議題 (核心訓練、健身專業人士的認證與教育、運動傷害預防與復健)；(4) 2022 年各國與全球健身趨勢大約有 55 – 75 % 的相同之處，換言之有 25 – 45 % 具有當地特異性。\u0000 Since 2006, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has been conducting an annual global fitness trend survey to provide related practitioners with insights into the health and fitness industry trends, serving as a reference for future business decisions. Starting in 2017, scholars from different countries have followed the ACSM’s survey approach to investigate fitness trends specific to their regions, thereby understanding regional variations in fitness trends. Purpose: The purpose of this study were: (1) to explore the changes in global fitness trends over the past 5 and 10 years, (2) to compare global and US fitness trends, (3) to compare global and China fitness trends, and (4) to identify differences in fitness trends among countries in 2022. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted through electronic databases such as PubMed and Scopus, with a search date in May 2022. Results: After screening, a total of 35 articles were included for review, categorized as follows: 16 global fitness trend surveys, 6 regional fitness trend surveys, and 13 surveys focused on a single country. Conclusion: The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) The top five global fitness trends in recent years (2022-2018) were wearable technology, high-intensity interval training, body weight training, personal training, and fitness programs for older adults. Wearable technology, personal training, and fitness programs for older adults showed an upward trend com-pared to the previous ten years (2022-2013). (2) Global fitness trends are almost identical to fitness trends in the US. (3) In contrast to global fitness trends, China’s fitness trends focus more on weight-related issues (healthy diet, exercise for children and adolescents, and aerobic fitness) and fitness professional education and injury-related concerns (core training, certified education for fitness and health professionals, and prevention and rehabilitation of sports injuries). (4) The fit-ness trends in different countries in 2022 had approximately 55-75% similarity with global trends, indicating 25-45% of localized characteristics.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"優秀女子排球選手雙側膝關節肌群向心肌力與離心肌力之比較分析","authors":"陳鷹成 陳鷹成, 馮德字 馮德字, 宋明律 宋明律, 蔡俊賢 蔡俊賢","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究目的為探討優秀女子排球選手在雙側膝關節伸展與屈曲動作肌力與肌力平衡特徵之差異。方法：以等速肌力測量儀檢測參與者雙側膝關節之力矩，研究參與者為 16 名大專公開一級女子排球選手。統計分析以成對樣本t-tset比較女子排球選手在雙側膝關節伸屈肌力矩之差異及傳統式腿後肌與四頭肌比值 (hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio, H/Q 比值) 與功能性 H/Q 比值的差異，顯著水準訂為α ＝ .05。結果：排球選手在雙側膝關節的伸屈肌向心最大力矩中，只有在 60 °/s 時的伸肌未達顯著差異，其餘向心最大力矩皆有達顯著差異，且慣用側大於非慣用側；在雙側膝關節肌力之伸屈肌離心最大力矩與傳統式 H/Q 比值皆未達顯著差異，傳統式 H/Q 比值雖未達顯著差異，但都低於理想的安全值；在功能性比值方面，60 °/s 時伸、屈動作皆未達顯著差異，而 180 °/s 時伸展與屈曲動作則皆達到顯著差異，且非慣用側大於慣用側。結論：參與者應加強雙側的腿後肌群向心力矩，以提高傳統式 H/Q 比值，降低受傷的風險。功能性比值在伸展與屈曲動作的爆發力矩皆出現差異，這與排球攻擊動作落地時以非慣用側著地緩衝的特性有關。因此，應重視非慣用側的肌力訓練，以降低受傷的風險，更進一步提升選手攻擊的能力。\u0000 Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in muscular strength and muscle balance characteristics in bilateral knee joint flexion-extension movements of elite female volleyball players. Methods: The study utilized the isokinetic dynamometer to measure the torque of the knee joint in 16 collegiate division Ⅰ female volleyball players. Statistical analysis was us-ing paired sample t-tests to compare the differences in knee joint flexion-extension torque, tradi-tional H/Q ratio(hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio, H/Q ratio) and functional H/Q ratio be-tween the dominant and non-dominant sides, with a significance level set at α = .05. Results: The study found that in the concentric maximum torque of knee joint flexion-extension muscles, sig-nificant differences were observed at all angular velocities except for the extension muscle at 60°/s. The dominant side exhibited greater torque than the non-dominant side. However, there were no significant differences in eccentric maximum torque and traditional H/Q ratio of knee joint muscles. Although the traditional H/Q ratio did not show significant differences, it remained below the ideal safety value. Regarding functional H/Q ratio, there were no significant differences in both flexion and extension movements at 60°/s, while at 180°/s, significant differences were observed in both flexion and extension movements, with the non-dominant side exhibiting greater values than the dominant side. Conclusion: Participants should enhance the concentric force of the traditional H/Q ratio to reduce the risk of injury. Discrepancies in functional ratios are evident in the torque generated during extension and flexion movements, attributed to the characteristic landing pattern, which involves buffering on the non-dominant side during volleyball attacking actions. Therefore, prioritizing strength training on the non-dominant side is crucial to mitigate injury risks and further enhance athletes’ attacking capabilities.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"86 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"影片情境測驗對桌球運動員第四板攻擊表現之影響","authors":"陳伯年 陳伯年, 邱宏達 邱宏達","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究透過桌球影片情境測驗，使桌球運動員觀察並記憶職業球員的比賽過程，探討其是否能提升桌球運動員在接發球後第四板起板技術的表現。方法：本研究招募 26 位桌球運動員，先進行桌球接發球後第四板起板技術前測，並根據前測表現，分為實驗組與控制組。實驗組進行為期 6 週，每週 3 次的影片測驗；控制組則不做任何介入。實驗過程中兩組皆會維持日常正規訓練。6 週之後，再進行桌球接發球後第四板起板技術後測，並比較兩組在前後測表現的差異。本研究採用二因子混合設計變異數分析進行資料處理，顯著水準設定為α = .05，若達顯著水準，則以 Bonferroni 法進行事後比較。結果：研究發現，擊球表現得分部分，不同組別與前後測的交互作用達顯著 (p < .01)，經單純主要效果分析發現實驗組在後測表現顯著高於前測 (p < .01)，並優於控制組 (p = .016)。擊球時機部分，不同組別與前後測的交互作用未達顯著 (p > .05)，組間與前、後測皆未達顯著差異 (p > .05)。結論：本研究所自訂之桌球影片情境測驗，雖對於擊球時機未有顯著改變，但對於擊球表現得分有顯著的提升。透過影片情境測驗，觀察並記憶職業選手比賽的動作以及追蹤擊球軌跡，可輔佐日常隊伍訓練，提升桌球運動員接發球後第四板起板技術的理解，使技術實力得到改善。\u0000 Purpose: This study used the video-based situational test to enable table tennis players to observe and remember the game process of professional players, and to explore whether it can improve the fourth attack after receive performance of table tennis players. Methods: In this study, twenty-six table tennis players were recruited, and they first performed the pre-test of the fourth attack after receiving. According to the performance of the pre-test, they were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group took the individually developed video-based situational test three times a week for 6 weeks; the control group did not do any intervention. During the experiment, both groups maintained daily formal training. After 6 weeks, a post-test of the fourth attack after receiving were conducted, and were compared with pre-test for the two groups. Two-way mixed design ANOVA was used for data analysis, and the significance level was set at α = .05. Results: The study found that the performance score had a significant interaction between group and test factors (p < .01). The simple main effect analysis showed that the experimental group’s performance score in the post-test was significantly higher than that in the pre-test (p < .01), and better than the control group (p = .016). For the timing of shots, the interaction between group and test factors was not significant (p > .05), and there was no significant difference between two groups and pre- and posttest (p > .05). Conclusion: Although there was no significant change in the timing of the fourth attack after the six weeks of video-based situational test, it has indeed a significant improvement in the performance score for the table tennis players. Observing and memorizing the professional player’s movements and tracking the trajectory of the ball through the video-based situational test can assist daily team training, improve the understanding of table tennis players’ technique of fourth attack after receiving.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"大學棒球打者下肢力量及力量不對稱性與揮棒速度的關聯","authors":"許安 許安, 陳勁甫 陳勁甫, 莊國良 莊國良, 陳秀惠 Kuo-Liang Chuang","doi":"10.53106/207332672024032101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672024032101002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究旨在檢視大專棒球打者之大腿中部等長拉力測驗 (isometric mid-thighpull test, IMTP ) 的肌力表現以及其雙側差異與揮棒速度的關聯。方法：大學棒球野手20 名，進行 IMTP 與揮棒速度測驗後，依照其絕對力量對稱指數值分為低 (LSI)、中 (MSI)、高 (HSI) 力量對稱組，比較三組在揮棒速度與力量表現的差別，以及分析全體及分組在變項之間的關係。結果：全體參與者的力量峰值與揮棒速度有顯著的關係 (p < .05)。各組間在揮棒速度、力量的峰值和發力率皆無顯著的差異。HIS 的力量表現與球速有正相關，而 LSI 則相反。各組的發力率、力量峰值間有不同的正向關聯：HIS 的力量峰值與 250 毫秒的發力率有關，MSI 的各分段的發力率幾乎都有所關聯，LSI 的 150 毫秒發力率與力量峰值有顯著的關係。結論：下肢等長拉力的峰值越大，揮棒速度越快。不同程度的力量不對稱性，會有不同的力量發展型態以及與揮棒速度的關係。\u0000 Purpose: The presented study aimed to examine the relationship between isometric mid-thigh-pull test (IMTP) and swing speed in college baseball hitters. Methods: Twenty college fielders participated and implemented the tests of IMTP and swing speed. They then were divided into low (LSI), medium (MSI), and high (HSI) force symmetry groups according to their absolute force symmetry index values. The differences in swing speed and IMTP performances were compared between three groups, and the patterns of relationship in variables for overall and groups were analyzed. Results: There was a significant relationship between peak force and swing speed (p < .05). No significant difference was found between groups in swing speed and IMTP performances. HSI and LSI have different relationships between force and ball speed in which the HSI has positive relationship while reverse for LSI. The relation between force development rate and peak force value were varied in groups in which the HSI had related peak force value and force development rate of 250ms, the MSI had relations in most force development rates, and the LSI had significant relation between force development rate of 150ms and peak force value. Conclusion: The greater the peak isometric midthigh pull force of the lower body, the faster the swing. Different degrees of force asymmetry will have different force development patterns and relationships with swing speed.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"比較附加視覺反應動作訓練與增強式訓練對大學網球選手敏捷能力之成效","authors":"張世聰 張世聰, 史麗珠 史麗珠, 劉妍秀 劉妍秀, 張哲千 張哲千, 張凱隆 張凱隆, 鄭為仁 Chang Kai-Lung, 甘乃文 Wei-Jen Cheng, 陳緯珉 陳緯珉","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：敏捷為網球運動表現重要能力的關鍵指標。本研究評估視覺反應動作訓練和 增強式訓練，對網球選手在眼腳反應時間、下肢力量、速度與敏捷性之成效。方法 ：以大學網球選手分別為視覺反應動作訓練組、增強式訓練組與控制組各 24 人， 共計 72 人。三組均接受 4 週相同的網球訓練 (每週 3 天，每天 2 小時)，每次完 成網球訓練後，視覺反應動作訓練組及增強式訓練組額外增加 3.5 分鐘輔助訓練。 採用成對 t-test 比較受試者組內前後測有無差異，及單因子變異數分析 (One-way ANOVA) 比較三組間眼腳反應時間、下肢力量、速度與敏捷性及成效。結果：(一) 視覺反應動作訓練組與增強式訓練組經訓練後，慣用與非慣用腳之眼腳反應時間、 下肢力量、速度與敏捷性均顯著進步 (p < .05)。(二) 視覺反應動作訓練組之慣用腳 之眼腳反應時間顯著優於控制組 (p < .05)，非慣用腳之眼腳反應時間顯著優於增強 式訓練組與控制組 (p < .001)。(三) 增強式訓練組在下肢力量與敏捷性顯著優於控 制組 (p < .05)。(四) 視覺反應動作訓練組與增強式訓練組在速度皆顯著優於控制組 (p < .05)。結論：視覺反應動作訓練組與增強式訓練組在眼腳反應時間、下肢力量、 速度與敏捷性等均提升，惟眼腳反應時間是視覺反應動作訓練組相較二組佳，而增 強式訓練組在下肢力量、速度與敏捷性相較二組顯著提升。建議教練在訓練時可依 選手欲加強之處，斟酌選擇補強訓練方式，以達提升敏捷能力。Purpose: Agility is one of the critical indicators of tennis performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of eye-foot response time, lower limb strength, speed, and agility through visual reaction and plyometric training among tennis athletes. Methods: University tennis athletes were assigned to visual reaction training (n = 24), plyometric training (n = 24), and active-control groups (n = 24). Three groups received the same tennis session for 4 weeks (2 hours a day, 3 days a week). After each session, the visual reaction and plyometric training groups had 3.5 min extra auxiliary training. Paired t-test was made to compare these measures before and after 4-week training. In addition, one-way ANOVA was used to compare these measures and the improvement of these measures after 4-week training among the three study groups. Results: (1) After 4-week training, the visual reaction training group and plyometric training group showed significant improvement in the eyefoot response time of the dominant and non-dominant foot, lower limb strength, speed, and agility (p < .05). (2) The visual reaction training group had a significantly better of the dominant foot than the control group (p < .05) and significantly better eye-foot response time of the non-dominant foot than the plyometric training group and control group (p < .001). (3) The plyometric training group was significantly better than the control group in lower limb strength and agility (p < .05). (4) The visual reaction training and plyometric training groups were both significantly better than the control group in speed (p < .05). Conclusion: The eye-foot response time, lower limb strength, speed, and agility in visual reaction training and plyometric training groups were all improved. In contrast, the eye-foot response time was better in the visual reaction training group than in the other groups, while the lower limb strength, speed, and agility showed significant improvement in the plyometric training group compared to the other groups. Therefore, we recommended that coaches choose our two auxiliary training programs according to the athlete’s demands.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115683240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"規律運動之中老年人退化性膝關節炎的風險角度分析","authors":"陳鴻宇 陳鴻宇, 羅志勇 羅志勇, 郭柏昕 郭柏昕, 吳狄 吳狄, 林俊達 林俊達, 陳佑 陳佑","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：經由退化性膝關節炎 (knee osteoarthritis, KOA) 風險角度檢測，探討規律參與運動的中年人與中老年人是否有較高的 KOA 罹患風險。方法：招募規律運動習慣的實驗參與者共 14 位，分為中年組 7 位 (年齡為44.1 ± 4.7歲)，以及中老年組 7 位 (年齡為59.0 ± 8.8歲)。使用 2 台高速攝影機拍攝膝關節內外翻角度，以及Noraxon無線肌電感測系統分析股內側肌與股外側肌之肌肉活化特徵，使用描述性統計分析兩組實驗參與者是否有 KOA 風險的角度特徵，以及經由獨立樣本 t-test 比較中年組與中老年組在膝關節內外翻角度與肌肉活化特徵之差異，顯著水準設 α = .05。結果：中年組膝內翻角度為 0.71 ± 2.9˚，中老年組為 2.14 ± 4.4˚，以上皆小於罹患 KOA 之風險角度 (內翻 3˚)，兩組間無顯著差異。兩組實驗參與者在步行時，股內側肌與股外側肌的活化程度相似，無顯著差異。股內側肌與股外側肌之活化比例與活化時間差值，在兩組之間皆未達顯著差異。結論：在本研究中未發現長期規律運動的中年人與中老年人有較高的退化性膝關節炎罹患風險，膝內翻角度皆未超過罹患 KOA 的風險角度值，平均年齡接近 60 歲的中老年組，KOA 風險角度的平均值仍低於 3°，因此適度的運動對膝關節健康應有正面的效益。Purpose: Through detecting Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) risk perspective, to explore whether middle-aged and middle-aged people who regularly participate in sports have a higher risk of KOA. Methods: Fourteen participants with regular exercise habits were recruited and divided into the middle-aged group (seven participants aged 44.1 ± 4.7 years old) and the pre-elderly group (59.0 ± 8.8 years old). Two high-speed cameras were used to capture the varus and valgus angles of the knee joint, and the Noraxon wireless electromyography system was used to analyze the muscle activation characteristics of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the angle characteristics of whether the two groups of experiment participants were at risk of KOA. And through the independent sample t-test to compare the differences between the middle-aged group and the pre-elderly group in the varus angle and muscle activation characteristics of the middle-aged group, the significance level was set at α = .05. Results: The knee varus angle was 0.71 ± 2.9° in the middle-aged group, and 2.14 ± 4.4° in the middle-aged and elderly group, all of which were smaller than the risk angle of KOA (varus 3°) and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The activation of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis was similar between the two groups of participants during walking, with no significant difference. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the activation ratio and activation time difference of vastus medialis and vastus lateralis. Conclusion: In this study, it was not found that middle-aged people and pre-elderly people who exercise regularly for a long time have a higher risk of degenerative knee arthritis, and the angle of knee varus does not exceed the risk angle value of KOA, and the average age is close to 60 years old in the pre-elderly group, the average KOA risk angle was still lower than 3°; therefore moderate exercise should have a positive effect on knee joint health.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115189095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"大學生功能性動作篩檢及關節活動度之性別差異","authors":"林昀徵 林昀徵, 張耘齊 張耘齊, 洪敏豪 洪敏豪, 邱俊文 邱俊文, 薛雅馨 薛雅馨, 黃祥龍 黃祥龍, 張曉昀 張曉昀","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究目的是比較不同性別大學生在功能性動作及關節活動度之差異。方法：45 位大學生參與，使用功能性動作篩檢 (functional movement screening, FMS)工具及自行開發之即時影像關節角度判別系統。進行七個 FMS 之角度判別，包括深蹲、跨欄、直線弓箭步、肩關節活動度、主動直膝抬腿、軀幹穩定俯臥撐、轉體穩定度，並由一位研究者進行事後錄影的人工評分。以卡方檢定分析男性與女性的七個 FMS 人工評分分數之差異；再以獨立樣本T檢定分析男性與女性在七個 FMS 動作之關節角度差異及人工評分總分結果。結果：以人工評分後發現，男性在總分 (13.6分) 顯著少於女性 (14.8分) (p < .05)，且只有在主動直膝抬腿項目女性得到 3 分的人數 (55%) 高於男性 (15%) (p < .05)；而加入即時影像角度判別，共有三個項目如肩關節活動度 (女性比男性好)、主動直膝抬腿 (女性比男性好)、及軀幹穩定俯臥撐 (男性比女性好) 中的關節活動度顯示出男性與女性有顯著差異 (p < .05)。結論：研究結果表示男性與女性在功能性動作及關節活動度上有所差異，男性應加強主動直膝抬腿動作及肩關節旋轉柔軟度，女性應加強核心肌群肌力，以改善功能性動作。Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in functional movement and range of motion among college students of different genders. Methods: A total of 45 college students participated in this study. The functional movement screening (FMS) tool and the self-developed FMS auxiliary system for real-time joint angle image recognition. A total of seven functional movements were evaluated, including deep squats, hurdle step, in-line lunges, trunk stability push-up, active straight-leg raise, rotary stability, and shoulder mobility. The FMS auxiliary system recorded the video when the participates do those functional movements and manual grading the score by one researcher. Chi-square test analysis was used to compare the differences in the manual grading scores of the seven events of the FMS between men and women; independent samples T-test was used to analyze the differences in joint angles and FMS overall scores between men and women in the seven events of the FMS. Results: In manual grading scoring, it was found that the overall score of men (13.6 points) was lower than that of women (14.8 points), and only in the active straight-leg raise movement, the number of women who scored 3 points (55%) was higher than that of men (15%); However, adding real-time joint angle image recognition system, there are three items such as shoulder mobility (women better than men), active straight-leg raise (women better than men), and trunk stability push-up (men better than women) showed a significant difference in the range of motion between men and women. Conclusion: The results indicated that the differences was showed in functional movement patterns and range of motion between men and women. The results of this study suggest that men should strengthen the flexibility of active straight-leg raise and shoulder rotation, and women should strengthen core muscle strength to prevent the increase in the incidence of sports injuries.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129853618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"三對三籃球比賽探討性別與勝負於跑動參數以及外在負荷之影響","authors":"鄧碧珍 鄧碧珍, 鄧碧雲 鄧碧雲, 梁嘉音 梁嘉音, 戴沁琳 Chia-Yin Liang, 陳韋翰 Chin-Lin Tai, 林儀佳 Wei-Han Chen","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究透過 LPS 以及 IMU 監控來探討勝負和性別在三對三籃球比賽中對跑動參數以及外在負荷的影響。方法：招募 60 名大專校院籃球員 (28 名男子球員及 32 名女子球員)，球員於實際比賽中配戴一只感測器於左肩位置。跑動參數以局部定位系統所量測，外在負荷以慣性感測器所測量之數值經 Player Load 之公式計算後所得之值。以勝負隊與性別為自變項，進行二因子變異數分析。結果：勝負隊在總跑動距離、平均速度、最高速度、各速度區間之累積跑動距離、總上場時間、高加速度與高減速度次數、變換方向次數、Player Load、Player Load per min均未達顯著差異 (p > .05)。性別在總跑動距離、速度區間 1-3 (0 ~ < 1.67, 1.67 ~ < 3.3, 3.3 ~ < 5 公尺/秒) 累積跑動距離、總上場時間、高加速度與高減速度次數、Player Load、Player Load per min中均未達顯著差異 (p > .05)。男性球員顯著大於女性球員的有平均速度 (1.28 ± 0.07 公尺/秒 > 1.23 ± 0.06 公尺/秒)；最高速度 (5.05 ± 0.39 公尺/秒 > 4.46 ± 0.29 公尺/秒)。變換方向次數，女性球員顯著大於男性球員 (60.00 ± 22.36 次 > 42.64 ± 19.45 次)。結論：在三對三籃球比賽中，勝負隊之間以及性別之間在許多變項上沒有顯著的差異，但在高加速度、高減速度與變換方向的次數上，勝隊都比負隊少，這顯示有效率的加速度與減速度可能是潛在致勝因子。Purpose: To explore the effects of gender and win-and-lose on LPS parameters and external load during real 3×3 basketball games through LPS and IMU. Methods: Sixty college level basketball players (28 male players and 32 female players) were recruited. A Goalgo T1 sensor was mounted on the left shoulder of every player. The kinematics parameters are measured by the LPS, and the external load is calculated by the formula of Player Load from the value measured by the IMU. With the win-lose and gender as independent variables, a two-factor analysis of variance was performed. Results: There were no significant difference between teams of winning and losing in the total running distance, average speed, maximum speed, cumulative running distance of each speed interval, total playing time, times of high acceleration and high deceleration, times of changing directions, Player Load, and Player Load per min. (p > .05). No significant difference was found between male and female in the total running distance, cumulative running distance in 0 ~ < 1.67 m/s, 1.67 ~ < 3.3 m/s and 3.3 ~ < 5 m/s, total playing time, times of high acceleration and high decelerations, Player Load, and Player Load per min (p > .05). Male players were significantly faster than female players in average speed (1.28 ± 0.07 m/s > 1.23 ± 0.06 m/s) and maximum speed (5.05 ± 0.39 m/s > 4.46 ± 0.29 m/s). The number of changes in direction was significantly greater for female players than for male players (60.00 ± 22.36 times > 42.64 ± 19.45 times). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in majority of variables between winning and losing teams and between genders in 3×3 basketball games, but the winning team had fewer times of high accelerations, high decelerations, and changes of direction than the losing team, which suggested that accelerating and decelerating efficiently may be a potential winning factor.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128389146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}