三對三籃球比賽探討性別與勝負於跑動參數以及外在負荷之影響

Abstract

目的：本研究透過 LPS 以及 IMU 監控來探討勝負和性別在三對三籃球比賽中對跑動參數以及外在負荷的影響。方法：招募 60 名大專校院籃球員 (28 名男子球員及 32 名女子球員)，球員於實際比賽中配戴一只感測器於左肩位置。跑動參數以局部定位系統所量測，外在負荷以慣性感測器所測量之數值經 Player Load 之公式計算後所得之值。以勝負隊與性別為自變項，進行二因子變異數分析。結果：勝負隊在總跑動距離、平均速度、最高速度、各速度區間之累積跑動距離、總上場時間、高加速度與高減速度次數、變換方向次數、Player Load、Player Load per min均未達顯著差異 (p > .05)。性別在總跑動距離、速度區間 1-3 (0 ~ < 1.67, 1.67 ~ < 3.3, 3.3 ~ < 5 公尺/秒) 累積跑動距離、總上場時間、高加速度與高減速度次數、Player Load、Player Load per min中均未達顯著差異 (p > .05)。男性球員顯著大於女性球員的有平均速度 (1.28 ± 0.07 公尺/秒 > 1.23 ± 0.06 公尺/秒)；最高速度 (5.05 ± 0.39 公尺/秒 > 4.46 ± 0.29 公尺/秒)。變換方向次數，女性球員顯著大於男性球員 (60.00 ± 22.36 次 > 42.64 ± 19.45 次)。結論：在三對三籃球比賽中，勝負隊之間以及性別之間在許多變項上沒有顯著的差異，但在高加速度、高減速度與變換方向的次數上，勝隊都比負隊少，這顯示有效率的加速度與減速度可能是潛在致勝因子。Purpose: To explore the effects of gender and win-and-lose on LPS parameters and external load during real 3×3 basketball games through LPS and IMU. Methods: Sixty college level basketball players (28 male players and 32 female players) were recruited. A Goalgo T1 sensor was mounted on the left shoulder of every player. The kinematics parameters are measured by the LPS, and the external load is calculated by the formula of Player Load from the value measured by the IMU. With the win-lose and gender as independent variables, a two-factor analysis of variance was performed. Results: There were no significant difference between teams of winning and losing in the total running distance, average speed, maximum speed, cumulative running distance of each speed interval, total playing time, times of high acceleration and high deceleration, times of changing directions, Player Load, and Player Load per min. (p > .05). No significant difference was found between male and female in the total running distance, cumulative running distance in 0 ~ < 1.67 m/s, 1.67 ~ < 3.3 m/s and 3.3 ~ < 5 m/s, total playing time, times of high acceleration and high decelerations, Player Load, and Player Load per min (p > .05). Male players were significantly faster than female players in average speed (1.28 ± 0.07 m/s > 1.23 ± 0.06 m/s) and maximum speed (5.05 ± 0.39 m/s > 4.46 ± 0.29 m/s). The number of changes in direction was significantly greater for female players than for male players (60.00 ± 22.36 times > 42.64 ± 19.45 times). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in majority of variables between winning and losing teams and between genders in 3×3 basketball games, but the winning team had fewer times of high accelerations, high decelerations, and changes of direction than the losing team, which suggested that accelerating and decelerating efficiently may be a potential winning factor.