華人運動生物力學期刊最新文献

{"title":"不同網球場地表面對垂直跳運動表現之影響","authors":"林子鈞 林子鈞, 楊昕 楊昕, 張吉堯 張吉堯, 湯文慈 湯文慈","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：探討不同網球場地表面 (硬地、地墊、草地、紅土) 對垂直跳運動表現之影響。方法：招募 21 位男性 (平均身高 177.6 ± 5.5 公分、平均體重 77.3 ± 12.5 公斤、平均年齡 23.8 ± 3.4 歲) 在四種不同場地表面進行反向跳及蹲踞跳測試，用測力板蒐集爆發力、衝量、跳躍高度、負荷率及最大衝擊力之數值資料，取樣頻率為 1000 Hz。使用單因子重複量數變異數分析比較四種不同場地表面對運動表現之影響，顯著水準訂為 α = .05。結果：本研究結果發現衝量和跳躍高度在反向跳有顯著差異，硬地 (p = .040, p = .028) 及地墊 (p = .050, p = .025) 皆大於紅土。蹲踞跳的跳躍高度則是硬地大於草地 (p = .014)。結論：場地不同帶來的負荷變化並非導致運動傷害發生的直接因素，因此在建議打網球的人在選擇場地時可以個人打法為依據進行挑選。另外，不同場地會有不同的力學效應。在大滿貫系列賽當中，澳洲網球公開賽 (硬地) 轉換至法國網球公開賽 (紅土)、溫布頓網球錦標賽 (草地) 轉換至美國網球公開賽 (硬地) 時，需要特別去適應場地才能有效的提升運動表現。Purpose: To investigate the effect of different tennis court surfaces (hard surface, mat, grass, red clay) on the performance of vertical jump. Methods: Twenty-one males have been recruited for this study (height: 177.6 ± 5.5cm, weight: 77.3 ± 12.5kg, age: 23.8 ± 3.4year-old). The participants were instructed to perform jumping tests (counter movement jump and vertical jump) on four ground surfaces. A force plate (1000Hz) has been used to obtain power, impact force, jump height, loading rate and peak impact force. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was carried out to compare the difference between ground surfaces and the kinetic parameters with a significant level of α=.05. Results: The results revealed significant differences in impulse and jump height in the counter movement jump, with both hard (p = .040, p = .028) and carpet (p = .050, p = .025) being larger than clay. The jump height of the squat jump was greater on hard than on grass (p = .014). Conclusion: The change in lower extremely’s load brought about by different courts is not a direct factor in the occurrence of sports injuries. Therefore, this study recommended that tennis players choose a court based on their individual playing style. In addition, different courts will have different mechanical effects. In the Grand Slam series, the transition from the Australian Open (hard court) to the French Open (red clay) and the Wimbledon Open (grass) to the U.S. Open (hard court) requires special adaptation in order to effectively improve performance.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131458131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"台灣優秀標槍選手助跑速度與投擲距離相關性分析","authors":"周宜辰 周宜辰, 江竹偉 江竹偉, 黃全成 黃全成, 林家瑩 林家瑩, 王信寰 Chia-Ying Lin","doi":"10.53106/207332672023092002002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023092002002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究探討台灣優秀標槍選手助跑速度與投擲距離之相關性。方法：8位國內優秀標槍選手 (身高：176.2 ± 4.5公分，體重：87.7 ± 10.7公斤，年齡：21.1 ± 3.7歲，平均投擲距離：68.8 ± 6.9公尺)，本研究採用實際比賽進行數據收集，本研究使用高速攝影機 (60Hz) 紀錄投擲標槍助跑過程，透過影像分析獲得助跑距離及時間。本研究採用相依樣本t檢定比較預賽及決賽的助跑速度及投擲表現及使用皮爾森積差相關分析比較助跑速度及投擲表現之相關性，顯著水準訂為 α = .05。結果：研究結果發現，預賽與決賽的投擲表現顯著大於決賽有顯著差異 (p < .05)，但預賽與決賽的助跑速度無顯著差異 (p > .05)，另外，預賽與決賽的投擲距離與助跑速度相關性沒有顯著差異。結論：當助跑速度越快不會增加投擲距離。選手可能會有個別最佳的助跑速度。The standing throw with run-up is the best approach to evaluate the performance of energy transfer and the efficiency of throwing motions for handball players. Purpose: This research aims at analyzing the usage of the standing throw with run-up among the handball players in Taiwan. The roles of body kinematics, strength of core muscles and standing balance of the drive leg played in the standing throw with run-up are also discussed. Methods: Nine Division I handball players from college went through a series of tests. The motions and the speed of the handball throwing were detected by a 3D electromagnetic motion analysis system and a sports radar gun, respectively. The maximum isometric muscle strength of trunks and hips were measured by a torque sensor and a home-made device of strength measurement. The standing balance of the drive leg was measured by a force plate with a mat. Results: The maximal shoulder external rotation angle in the arm cocking phase, the maximal trunk rotation velocity in the arm acceleration phase and the maximal shoulder horizontal adduction velocity showed moderate positive relationships with the ball velocity. The strength of back muscles had a moderate negative relationship with the ball velocity. The correlation between the balance ability of the drive leg and the ball velocity was not observed. Conclusion: The importance of proximal segments to the standing throw with run-up is analyzed by kinematical analysis. It is suggested that the energy of handball throwing is generated by the upper extremities or other limb segments in the processes of the standing throw with run-up. Our findings can serve as a helpful reference for both coaches and players.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116103222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"大專甲組男性排球運動員下肢不對稱性與爆發力表現之探討","authors":"楊竣傑 楊竣傑, 張愷呈 張愷呈, 邱金治 邱金治, 王信民 王信民","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：探討大專甲組男性排球運動員下肢身體組成與功能性測試的不對稱性，以及下肢不對稱性與連續爆發力之相關性。方法：共招募 20 名大專甲組男性排球運動員，測量其肌肉量、體脂率、單腳反向跳高度與巴士可 15 秒連續跳躍，以成對樣本 t 檢定比較左右腳肌肉量、體脂率及單腳反向跳高度之差異，並以皮爾森積差相關分析來檢測下肢不對稱性與巴士可連續跳躍疲勞指數之相關。結果：受試者之下肢兩側肌肉量、單次單腳反向跳躍高度達到顯著差異 (肌肉量 p = .008；單腳反向跳躍高度 p = .019)，反向跳不對稱指數與連續動力垂直跳之疲勞指數達到顯著中度相關 (p = .014, r = .545)。結論：大專甲組男性排球運動員具有下肢肌肉量與功能性測試之不對稱性，而下肢雙側不對稱越高，連續跳躍高度遞減幅度越大。未來研究可針對不同運動專項之下肢雙側不對稱性，以及雙側不對稱性對於其他功能性測試的影響進行探討。\u0000 Purpose: To examine the asymmetry of lower extremity body composition and functional tests and to investigate the relationship of lower extremity asymmetry and power in male collegiate volleyball players. Methods: Twenty Division I male collegiate volleyball players were recruited. Muscle mass, body fat, single leg countermovement jump, and the Bosco 15s vertical jump tests were performed. The paired-t test was used to compare the lower extremity muscle mass, lower extremity fat mass, and single leg countermovement jump height between the right and left legs. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between the lower extremity asymmetry and the Bosco jump fatigue index. Results: The lower extremity asymmetries in muscle mass and single leg countermovement jump height were found (muscle mass: p = .008, SLCMJ: p = .019). The asymmetry index in single leg countermovement jump height was positively correlated with the Bosco jump fatigue index (p = .014, r = .545). Conclusion: The asymmetries of lower extremity muscle mass and functional tests existed in male collegiate volleyball players. Higher bilateral asymmetry resulted in greater decrease in the continuous jump height. Future study could investigate the bilateral asymmetry in different sports and the effects of bilateral asymmetry on other functional tests.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116159894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"匹克球運動促進社區中高齡者握力、平衡及步行能力之成效初探","authors":"田政文 田政文, 黃俊清 黃俊清, 吳昭蓉 吳昭蓉, 宋貞儀 宋貞儀","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究旨在探討 12 週匹克球運動對促進社區中高齡者握力、平衡及步行能力之成效。方法：招募 19 位居住在社區之中高齡長者，於每週末介入 2 小時、為期12 週之匹克球運動。成效評估指標包括握力、靜態與動態平衡 (單腳站立及功能性手前伸) 及步行能力 (含直線步行、8 字曲線步行及跨越障礙物步行)。使用配對 t 檢定分析比較各檢測參數於課程介入前後之差異。結果：經過 12 週匹克球運動，能顯著提升中高齡者的握力、功能性手前伸、10 公尺直線及 8 字曲線步行速度(p < .05)。結論：本研究初探發現新興匹克球運動，對提升社區中高齡者握力、平衡及功能性步行能力之正面效益，可提供國內社區發展或推廣中高齡匹克球運動方案實施參考。\u0000 Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week group-based pickleball program on grip strength, balance and walking performance in middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Nineteen community-dwelling participants participated. Pickleball program was performed 2 hours per day, once per week, for 12 weeks. Handgrip strength, balance (single leg stand and functional reach) and walking performance (straight walking, curve walking and obstacle crossing) were measured and compared before and after the training program using the paired t test. Results: The pickleball program enhanced handgrip strength, functional reach, straight and curve walking performances (all p < .05). Conclusion: The preliminary findings indicate that the 12-week group-based pickleball program could enhance grip strength, balance and functional walking performances in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128198476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"優秀大專女子網球選手不同方向正拍擊球之運動學分析","authors":"戴牧琳 戴牧琳, 楊珺如 Tai Mu-LIN, 江勁政 江勁政, 張凱隆 Ching-Cheng Chiang, 湯文慈 Chang Kai-Lung","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：探討優秀大專女子網球選手執行正拍直線球、對角球與閃正拍外角球之動作分期時間、軀幹旋轉特徵與擊球位置之動作技術差異。方法：以 9 名台灣大專甲組之女子網球選手為研究對象，透過 Motion 動作分析系統與十台紅外線高速攝影機 (取樣頻率為 200 Hz) 記錄網球正拍擊球執行直線球、對角球、閃正拍外角球之動作技術，以相依樣本單因子變異數分析進行統計分析。結果：在擊球動作期別上僅在加速期達顯著差異且對角球大於閃正拍球；軀幹與站姿軸的運動學參數中，除了肩軸沒有達顯著差異外，球拍長軸與底線夾角、髖軸、站姿軸設定皆達顯著差異；此外，擊球點與肩膀的前後距離以及髖部的前後、左右距離的相對位置皆達顯著差異。結論：當球員針對不同方向擊球時，球拍開始向前加速的加速期是影響方向的關鍵時期。在擊球瞬間肩部旋轉並不是影響擊球方向的主要因子，且選手在執行閃正拍外角擊球會採取較大幅度的軀幹旋轉策略進行調節。此外，擊球點與身體的相對位置關係，不論肩部或是髖部的前後距離是影響擊球方向的關鍵因素，在左右側的擊球點位置閃正拍相較於直線與對角球會更靠近軀幹。本研究結果希望讓教練與選手了解，在執行不同擊球方向或閃正拍外角球策略時，身體軀幹特徵之異同，且可以作為球員在比賽中預判對手擊球策略時的參考因素之一。\u0000 Purpose: This study identified and compared the kinematic difference of each phase, trunk, and stance when balls were hit cross-court, down-the-line, and inside-out forehand for the elite college female tennis players. Methods: Nine female tennis players from Taiwan college Division 1 players were recorded using a ten-cameras with motion analysis system (200 Hz). The techniques of hit down-the-line, cross-court, and inside-out forehand were recorded, and statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA with repeated measured. Results: The only significant difference was found in the acceleration phase and the cross-court was larger than inside-out forehand. For the kinematic parameters, the angle of the long axis of the racket, hip alignment, stance alignment were statistically different. In addition, in the relative positions of the contact point, there was no significant difference in vertical height on shoulder and hip, and the shoulder was only significant in the hitting direction, but the hip was significantly different in the hitting direction and the side direction. Conclusion: In the situation of different directions, the acceleration phase when the racket starts to accelerate forward, is the key phase that affects the direction. At impact, shoulder alignment angle is not the main factor affecting the direction of the shot. The players will adopt more trunk rotation when performing inside-out forehand shots. In addition, the relative position of ball impact, the distance between the contact point with shoulder and hip on the front direction is the key factor. On the side direction, the inside-out forehand is closer to the trunk than the cross-court and down-the-line shots. This study provides coaches and players with strategies of different directions and inside-out forehand. The body characteristics can be a reference for players to predict the opponent’s strategy in the matches.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134372161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"足底筋膜炎症狀扁平足對多肢段足部運動學之影響","authors":"陳宗榮 陳宗榮, 蔡偉奇 蔡偉奇, 王李中羿 王李中羿, 徐瑞澤 徐瑞澤, 林書豪 林書豪","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：本研究目的為比較扁平足有足底筋膜炎症狀和無症狀在跑步動作之多肢段足部運動學之差異。方法：本研究以 10 名受試者為無症狀扁平足組 (年齡：21.2 ± 1.03歲、身高：170 ± 8.33公分、體重：70.21 ± 9.14公斤、足弓指數：.37 ± .02)。10 名受試者為足底筋膜炎症狀扁平足組 (年齡：25.7 ± 6.49歲、身高：166 ± 8.27公分、體重：69.65 ± 16.95公斤、足弓指數：.35 ± .02)。受試者以自選速度，跑步動作進行 3 次，動作過程以 8 台紅外線高速攝影機和 1 塊測力板同步收集多肢段足部運動學資料。結果：本研究發現有足底筋膜炎症狀扁平足會顯著減少觸地瞬間前足背曲角度 (p = .02)，且達到高效果量 (Effect size = 1.07)；其餘參數皆沒有達到顯著差異 (p > .05)。結論：本研究發現足底筋膜炎症狀扁平足會顯著減少觸地瞬間前足背曲角度，這個結果顯示扁平足罹患足底筋膜炎，其運動學特徵改變主要在前足的矢狀面動作。\u0000 Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of flat feet with and without plantar fasciitis symptoms on multi-segment foot kinematics during running. Methods: Ten flat feet without plantar fasciitis symptoms (age: 21.2 ± 1.03 years, height: 170 ± 8.33 cm, weight: 70.21 ± 9.14 kg, arch index: .37 ± .02) and ten flat feet with plantar fasciitis symptoms (age: 25.7 ± 6.49 years, height: 166 ± 8.27 cm, weight: 69.65 ± 16.95 kg, arch index: .35 ± .02) participated in this study. The participant performed three running at a self-selected speed. Eight infrared high-speed cameras and one force platform were used to collect multi-foot segment kinematics. Results: The flat feet with plantar fasciitis symptoms demonstrated smaller fore-foot dorsiflexion angle at initial contact than flat feet without plantar fasciitis symptoms (p = .02; Effect size = 1.07). Other variables were not significant (p > .05). Conclusion: This study found decreased fore-foot dorsiflexion angle at initial contact in flat feet with plantar fasciitis symptoms suggesting that flat feet with plantar fasciitis symptoms mainly influenced fore-foot kinematics in sagittal plane. \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124649481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"自由式游泳選手軀幹穩定能力之技術分析-高階選手個案研究","authors":"林謙如 林謙如","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：在競技游泳戰國時代，各游泳強國使用先進科學方法優化訓練。然而，在傳統訓練和缺乏科技環境以模擬真實條件下，導致國內選手對於技術的改善效果受到限制。為找出更精準的動作分析和監測方法，本研究目的是藉由角速度感測器監測游泳選手動作，以作為選手動作穩定性的技術改善。方法：本研究以台灣一位自由式奧運級選手為對象，採用慣性測量單元進行選手身上六個感測點的資料數據收集。在 50 公尺自由式的游泳中，選手動作透角速度感測器測量，獲得資訊並回饋給教練，分析後執行新的穩定性矯正訓練計畫。經過 12 週訓練，讓選手再回到測驗現場測驗，經數據比對前、後測驗的角速度差異以評估改善成效。結果：由角速度結果的判讀，可知選手的 X 軸與 Y 軸經過校正訓練後都較前測穩定，減少 X 軸旋轉的不對稱及 Y 軸的上下晃動 (Y 軸最大改善 60 %)。但是，感測器的結果也顯示，因為矯正訓練，導致 Z 軸發生代償現象，造成後測的左右晃動較前測大 (Z 軸增加 70 %)。結論：本研究顯示受試者脊椎的感測器，有助於分析選手於各三個方向軸線動作的細微變化，介入矯正訓練後，能改善受試者於游泳各階段動作的穩定性，同時感測器的輔助也發現代償的現象，將更有助於未來教練的訓練和調整方向。\u0000 Purpose: In competitive swimming, teams try their best to use advanced scientific methods to optimize training. However, traditional training lacks the technological environment to simulate the real conditions. Therefore, the improvement of the athletes’ swimming technique is limited. To find out a more accurate movement analysis and technical monitoring method, this study uses the angular velocity sensor to determine the different points of the athletes’ movements during swimming through the sensor device, to improve the stability of the athletes’ movements. Methods: This study took freestyle Olympians as the subjects. The inertial measurement unit was used to collect data on six detection points on the athletes’ bodies, and to analyze the processes of catching water, pushing water, moving arms in the air, and returning to the water. In the 50-meter freestyle swimming, the athletes’ movements were measured through the angular velocity sensor, and the data were collected and fed back to the coach to implement a new training plan. After 12 weeks of corrective training, the athlete returned to the test. The differences in angular velocity between the pre-test and the post-test were compared. Results: Our analysis indicates that, after corrective training, the athletes’ post-test X-axial and Y-axial data are more stable than those from the pre-test which reduces the asymmetry of the X-axis rotation and the up and down shaking of the Y-axis (improving Y-axis 60 %). However, the sensor data results also show that the Z-axial rotation is compensated due to the corrective training, causing the left and right shaking of the post-test to be larger than that of the pre-test (Z-axial 70 % worse). Conclusion: This method proves that the sensor can record information on the athletes’ movements, and then analyze the stability of the athletes’ movements in each stage of swimming. The results also show that the sensors attached to the athletes’ back were helpful to distinguish the subtle changes in the athletes’ movements in each of the three axes. These results could also be of great assistance for coaches to improve their athletes’ postures and future training direction.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129237204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"肢體運動學、核心肌力與平衡能力對手球射門球速之影響","authors":"許君恆 許君恆, 蔡鏞申 蔡鏞申","doi":"10.53106/207332672023032001006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672023032001006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 為了解手球選手在投擲動作上的效率，墊步射門是檢視能量傳遞好壞的最佳方式。目的：分析臺灣手球選手使用墊步射門的情形，以及探討肢體運動學，核心肌群肌肉力量和前導腳站立平衡能力在墊步射門中的重要性。方法：9 位大專男子甲組選手 (年齡 22.0 ± 1.3 歲、身高 177.1 ± 3.1 公分、體重 78.4 ± 5.1 公斤)，以三度空間電磁場動作分析系統擷取墊步射門動作，並以雷達測速槍測量球速；以力矩傳感器搭配特製測力裝置測量軀幹及髖關節各肌群之最大等長肌力；以軟墊置於測力板上測量前導腳站立平衡能力。使用肯德爾相關係數探討射門運動學參數、核心肌群肌肉力量和前導腳站立平衡能力與墊步射門球速之相關性，顯著水準定在 p < .05。結果：引臂期的肩膀最大外轉角度 (Kendall’s tau-b = .54)，手臂加速期的軀幹最大旋轉速度 (Kendall’s tau-b = .54)、肩膀最大水平內收速度 (Kendall’s tau-b = .69) 與射門球速皆有中度的正相關。背部肌肉力量與射門球速有中度的負相關 (Kendall’s tau-b = -.57)。前導腳平衡能力參數與射門球速皆無相關性存在。結論：透過運動學分析了解到大專男子甲組選手在執行墊步射門時的動作表現，並發現身體近端對於墊步射門的重要性。建議應加強墊步射門時的軀幹動作，藉由較快的軀幹旋轉速度來帶動上肢的投擲表現，以提升射門球速。\u0000 The standing throw with run-up is the best approach to evaluate the performance of energy transfer and the efficiency of throwing motions for handball players. Purpose: This research aims at analyzing the usage of the standing throw with run-up among the handball players in Taiwan. The roles of body kinematics, strength of core muscles and standing balance of the drive leg played in the standing throw with run-up are also discussed. Methods: Nine Division I handball players from college went through a series of tests. The motions and the speed of the handball throwing were detected by a 3D electromagnetic motion analysis system and a sports radar gun, respectively. The maximum isometric muscle strength of trunks and hips were measured by a torque sensor and a home-made device of strength measurement. The standing balance of the drive leg was measured by a force plate with a mat. Results: The maximal shoulder external rotation angle in the arm cocking phase, the maximal trunk rotation velocity in the arm acceleration phase and the maximal shoulder horizontal adduction velocity showed moderate positive relationships with the ball velocity. The strength of back muscles had a moderate negative relationship with the ball velocity. The correlation between the balance ability of the drive leg and the ball velocity was not observed. Conclusion: The importance of proximal segments to the standing throw with run-up is analyzed by kinematical analysis. It is suggested that the energy of handball throwing is generated by the upper extremities or other limb segments in the processes of the standing throw with run-up. Our findings can serve as a helpful reference for both coaches and players.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122170553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"青少年女性排球選手肩部及軀幹活動度特徵","authors":"周昆佑 周昆佑, 黃子涵 黃子涵, 吳婉鈴 吳婉鈴","doi":"10.53106/207332672022091902005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672022091902005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的 : 反覆的過肩動作容易導致運動員肩關節外轉角度增加、內轉角度減少、及前側關節囊鬆弛，進而導致肩部傷害，本研究目的是比較青少年女性排球選手慣用手及非慣用手肩部與軀幹活動度差異。方法 : 共 16位高中女性排球選手參與,使用關節角度計評估慣用側與非慣用側的肩部及軀幹活動度，並計算肩內外轉全距、肩內/外轉兩側差異百分比、同側的肩內/外轉角度差異百分比、以及內轉角度缺損差異角度。以相依樣本 t 考驗分析參與者兩側之肩部活動度及軀幹活動度差異。結果 : 比較高中女性排球運動員的兩側肩關節活動度表現，僅在肩外轉角度項目，慣用側顯著大於非慣用側 ( p < .05 )，其餘項目則未達顯著水準。另外，軀幹右轉與左轉活動度亦無顯著差異。慣用側與非慣用側的兩側差異百分比在內轉角度差異值達 14.30 ± 27.18 %，在外轉角度差異值達 -9.01 ± 12.54 %;同側內外轉角度差異百分比在慣用側達 31.73 ± 39.69 %，在非慣用側達 6.06 ± 30.08 %。結論 : 結果發現青少年女性排球選手在慣用側肩外轉角度明顯大於非慣用側，顯示健康選手在慣用側使用上已產生關節角度及軟組織適應的情形，軀幹活動度則無代償狀況發生，建議加強肩關節後側伸展，以及強化肩部肌力。\u0000 Purpose: Repeated overhead movement could lead to an increase in external angle and decrease in internal angle of shoulder, and relaxation of anterior capsule, which may cause shoulder injuries. The purpose of this study is to compare the shoulder and trunk mobility of dominant and non-dominant side of the adolescent female volleyball players. Methods: 16 high school female volleyball players engage in this study. The range of motion of the shoulder and trunk of the dominant side and the non-dominant side was evaluated by using the joint goniometer, and the total range of shoulder rotation, the percentage of differences of internal and external rotation angle between dominant and non-dominant side, the percentage of difference between internal and external angle of same side, and the deficit of internal rotation angle was calculated. Dependent-samples t-test was used to analyze the difference of shoulder and trunk mobility between two sides. Results: Comparing the shoulder mobility of both limbs in high school female volleyball players, it was found that only in the angle of external rotation of dominant side was significantly larger than the non-dominant side, with no other differences between two sides. In addition, there was no significant difference in the range of motion of trunk rotation. The difference at internal rotation angle between two sides was 14.30 ± 27.18 %, at external rotation angle was -9.01 ± 12.54 %. The differences between internal and external rotation angle at the dominant side was 31.73 ± 39.69 %, and at the non-dominant side was 6.06 ± 30.08 %. Conclusions: The results showed that the external rotation angle of the shoulders on the dominant side of adolescent female volleyball players was significantly greater than that on the non-dominant side. It shows that healthy athletes have produced joint angles and soft tissue adaptations on the dominant side, while the range of motion of the trunk has no compensation. It is recommended to stretch the back of the shoulder joint and strengthen the shoulder muscles.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116402077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"不同蹲踞式起跑動作之動力學分析","authors":"游立椿 游立椿, 胡念祖 胡念祖, 蔡虔祿 蔡虔祿","doi":"10.53106/207332672022091902004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/207332672022091902004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 目的：近年來，物聯網 (Internet of Things, IOT) 的普及與人工智慧 (Artificial Intelligen)崛起，相關科技結合運動的跨領域合作越來越盛行，讓收集資料與分析資料變得更簡單也更有效率。本研究主要目的是運用物聯網技術開發起跑架來探討不同蹲踞式起跑動作之動力學分析。方法：受試者為 8名大學田徑隊短距離男子選手 (身高：173.16 ± 4.77公分；體重：65.55 ± 4.52公斤；年齡：20.06 ± 1.09歲)，以一組物聯網系統與人工智慧演算法平臺，使用Arduino、Raspberry Pi與深度學習 (Deep Learning) 演算法開發一組適合平時訓練時所使用的田徑蹲踞式起跑訓練數據收集與分析系統 (專利編號：I632939)。在起跑架前、後踏板各安裝 20片壓力感測器 (取樣頻率1000 Hz) 。安裝前，每片壓力感測器都必須經校正程序，並利用多元線性回歸方程式，計算出其電壓-力量曲線斜率公式後再導入系統中。實驗數據以重複量數單因子變異數分析，比較起跑模式間的差異，若達到顯著差異，以 LSD法進行事後比較，顯著水準為 α = .05。結果：在起跑出發階段，長式起跑後腳在最大反作用發生的時間與作用力均呈現比其它模式較佳的趨勢且踏板產生的初始發力率、最大發力率也較大，同時也發現受試者慣式起跑模式起跑線到前腳踏板間距過長的現象。結論：中式與長式起跑對整體起跑階段動力學參數有較佳的表現。建議選手未來可以在起跑出發階段方面，改變起跑架前踏板與起跑線的距離為 1.5個腳掌長，以利整體起跑出發表現。\u0000 Purpose: In recent years, with the popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), the cross-disciplinary cooperation of related technologies combined with sports has become more and more popular, making it easier and more efficient to collect and analyze data. The purpose of this study is to do dynamics analysis of different types of crouch start by using starting blocks developed by IoT technology. Methods: The subjects were 8 short-distance male athletes from college track and field team (height: 173.16 ± 4.77 cm; weight: 65.55 ± 4.52 kg; age: 20.06 ± 1.09 years old). A set of data collecting and analyzing system developed by IoT systems, AI algorithm platform, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and Deep Learning was used to collect data (patent number: I632939). Each of front and rear block was installed 20 pressure sensors (sampling frequency 1000Hz), and before installation, each sensor was calibrated, and multiple linear regression was used to calculate the voltage-force curve slope formula and then import it into the system. The experimental data were analyzed by repeated-measures one-way ANOVA to compare the differences between the different crouch starts. If a significant difference was reached, the LSD method was used for post-hoc comparison, and the significant level was α = .05. Results: In the starting phase, the rear foot of elongated staring mode was better than other modes in the time and force of maximal reaction force, and initial force and maximal rate of force development generated by the blocks were also larger. Also, it was also found that the distance from the starting line to front block was too long in subjects’ habitual starting mode. Conclusions: The performance of dynamics analysis was better in the elongated and middle starting mode in the starting phase. It was suggested that athletes could adjust the front block 1.5-feet long from the staring line to improve starting performance.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":142524,"journal":{"name":"華人運動生物力學期刊","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134603573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}