青少年女性排球選手肩部及軀幹活動度特徵

Abstract

目的 : 反覆的過肩動作容易導致運動員肩關節外轉角度增加、內轉角度減少、及前側關節囊鬆弛，進而導致肩部傷害，本研究目的是比較青少年女性排球選手慣用手及非慣用手肩部與軀幹活動度差異。方法 : 共 16位高中女性排球選手參與,使用關節角度計評估慣用側與非慣用側的肩部及軀幹活動度，並計算肩內外轉全距、肩內/外轉兩側差異百分比、同側的肩內/外轉角度差異百分比、以及內轉角度缺損差異角度。以相依樣本 t 考驗分析參與者兩側之肩部活動度及軀幹活動度差異。結果 : 比較高中女性排球運動員的兩側肩關節活動度表現，僅在肩外轉角度項目，慣用側顯著大於非慣用側 ( p < .05 )，其餘項目則未達顯著水準。另外，軀幹右轉與左轉活動度亦無顯著差異。慣用側與非慣用側的兩側差異百分比在內轉角度差異值達 14.30 ± 27.18 %，在外轉角度差異值達 -9.01 ± 12.54 %;同側內外轉角度差異百分比在慣用側達 31.73 ± 39.69 %，在非慣用側達 6.06 ± 30.08 %。結論 : 結果發現青少年女性排球選手在慣用側肩外轉角度明顯大於非慣用側，顯示健康選手在慣用側使用上已產生關節角度及軟組織適應的情形，軀幹活動度則無代償狀況發生，建議加強肩關節後側伸展，以及強化肩部肌力。  Purpose: Repeated overhead movement could lead to an increase in external angle and decrease in internal angle of shoulder, and relaxation of anterior capsule, which may cause shoulder injuries. The purpose of this study is to compare the shoulder and trunk mobility of dominant and non-dominant side of the adolescent female volleyball players. Methods: 16 high school female volleyball players engage in this study. The range of motion of the shoulder and trunk of the dominant side and the non-dominant side was evaluated by using the joint goniometer, and the total range of shoulder rotation, the percentage of differences of internal and external rotation angle between dominant and non-dominant side, the percentage of difference between internal and external angle of same side, and the deficit of internal rotation angle was calculated. Dependent-samples t-test was used to analyze the difference of shoulder and trunk mobility between two sides. Results: Comparing the shoulder mobility of both limbs in high school female volleyball players, it was found that only in the angle of external rotation of dominant side was significantly larger than the non-dominant side, with no other differences between two sides. In addition, there was no significant difference in the range of motion of trunk rotation. The difference at internal rotation angle between two sides was 14.30 ± 27.18 %, at external rotation angle was -9.01 ± 12.54 %. The differences between internal and external rotation angle at the dominant side was 31.73 ± 39.69 %, and at the non-dominant side was 6.06 ± 30.08 %. Conclusions: The results showed that the external rotation angle of the shoulders on the dominant side of adolescent female volleyball players was significantly greater than that on the non-dominant side. It shows that healthy athletes have produced joint angles and soft tissue adaptations on the dominant side, while the range of motion of the trunk has no compensation. It is recommended to stretch the back of the shoulder joint and strengthen the shoulder muscles.