台灣優秀標槍選手助跑速度與投擲距離相關性分析

目的：本研究探討台灣優秀標槍選手助跑速度與投擲距離之相關性。方法：8位國內優秀標槍選手 (身高：176.2 ± 4.5公分，體重：87.7 ± 10.7公斤，年齡：21.1 ± 3.7歲，平均投擲距離：68.8 ± 6.9公尺)，本研究採用實際比賽進行數據收集，本研究使用高速攝影機 (60Hz) 紀錄投擲標槍助跑過程，透過影像分析獲得助跑距離及時間。本研究採用相依樣本t檢定比較預賽及決賽的助跑速度及投擲表現及使用皮爾森積差相關分析比較助跑速度及投擲表現之相關性，顯著水準訂為 α = .05。結果：研究結果發現，預賽與決賽的投擲表現顯著大於決賽有顯著差異 (p < .05)，但預賽與決賽的助跑速度無顯著差異 (p > .05)，另外，預賽與決賽的投擲距離與助跑速度相關性沒有顯著差異。結論：當助跑速度越快不會增加投擲距離。選手可能會有個別最佳的助跑速度。The standing throw with run-up is the best approach to evaluate the performance of energy transfer and the efficiency of throwing motions for handball players. Purpose: This research aims at analyzing the usage of the standing throw with run-up among the handball players in Taiwan. The roles of body kinematics, strength of core muscles and standing balance of the drive leg played in the standing throw with run-up are also discussed. Methods: Nine Division I handball players from college went through a series of tests. The motions and the speed of the handball throwing were detected by a 3D electromagnetic motion analysis system and a sports radar gun, respectively. The maximum isometric muscle strength of trunks and hips were measured by a torque sensor and a home-made device of strength measurement. The standing balance of the drive leg was measured by a force plate with a mat. Results: The maximal shoulder external rotation angle in the arm cocking phase, the maximal trunk rotation velocity in the arm acceleration phase and the maximal shoulder horizontal adduction velocity showed moderate positive relationships with the ball velocity. The strength of back muscles had a moderate negative relationship with the ball velocity. The correlation between the balance ability of the drive leg and the ball velocity was not observed. Conclusion: The importance of proximal segments to the standing throw with run-up is analyzed by kinematical analysis. It is suggested that the energy of handball throwing is generated by the upper extremities or other limb segments in the processes of the standing throw with run-up. Our findings can serve as a helpful reference for both coaches and players.