International Journal of Hypertension最新文献

{"title":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Among Adults Aged 80 and Above: Findings From the Population-Based German Health Survey Gesundheit 65.","authors":"Dorothea Möẞnang, Julia Charlotte Büschges, Giselle Sarganas, Beate Gaertner, Judith Fuchs, Hannelore Neuhauser","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/2366213","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/2366213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is highly prevalent in older adults; therefore, hypertension management remains essential. Nevertheless, population data is scarce. Until recently, population blood pressure (BP) monitoring in Germany only included the population up to age 79. This study investigates BP and hypertension management in octogenarians and nonagenarians in Germany from the study Gesundheit 65+.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2022-2023, brachial BP measurements (Mobil-O-Graph, IEM GmbH, Aachen/Germany) and health questionnaires were conducted in 807 participants aged 80-99 years of the German population-based Gesundheit 65+ study. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg, or antihypertensive treatment in participants with self-reported hypertension. Hypertension control was defined as BP < 140/90 mmHg among participants with hypertension. Weighted prevalence of hypertension, awareness, treatment and control by sex were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Partitioning Around Medoids cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct subtypes among participants with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hypertension in women was 77.8% [95% CI: 71.4-83.2] and in men 72.3% [65.7-78.0]. Among those with hypertension, 85.2% were aware, 81.7% treated, and 57.3% controlled. Control was significantly lower in women compared to men, with half of women having controlled hypertension, compared to two-thirds of men. The cluster analysis revealed two subgroups among women with hypertension: a well-treated/controlled but multimorbid group and an untreated/uncontrolled but subjectively healthier group. Three clusters emerged among men with hypertension: treated/controlled, less treated/uncontrolled and a severely multimorbid cluster with high treatment and control rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among octogenarians and nonagenarians in Germany, hypertension prevalence is higher in women than in men, while hypertension control among women is lower. This underscores the need for more attention to BP in older women. Furthermore, our findings indicate that high BP, as a largely asymptomatic health risk, may be inadequately controlled among otherwise healthy older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2366213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent Blood Pressure Thresholds in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Narrative Review of Global Guideline Discordance and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Prosper Akankwasa, Jackson Kakooza, Esther Namutosi, John Katongole, Hakizimana Theoneste, Ephraim Onaba, Fatima Abdirizak Muse, Carlos Antonio Batista Cedeño, Catherine R Lewis, Emmanuel Okurut","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/8873687","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/8873687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) remain a leading cause of preventable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Although blood pressure (BP) thresholds guide diagnosis, treatment, and delivery, international and national guidelines differ, resulting in inconsistent management. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence to map divergences in BP thresholds across global guidelines and evaluate their implications for clinical decision-making and maternal and fetal outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lens.org were performed. Twenty-five eligible sources, including 12 major international and national guidelines and 13 supporting peer-reviewed sources, were synthesized following SANRA principles. Additional contextual references were cited where necessary but were not counted as included sources in the threshold-synthesis dataset. Diagnostic thresholds, hypertension criteria, treatment initiation thresholds, target BP goals, and magnesium sulfate indications were reviewed. All 12 guidelines uniformly diagnosed hypertension at ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Near-consensus exists for defining severe hypertension at ≥ 160/110 mmHg, though several LMIC guidelines adopt lower thresholds (≥ 150/100-110 mmHg). The most clinically impactful divergence concerns antihypertensive treatment initiation, which varies from ≥ 140/90 mmHg to ≥ 160/110 mmHg, with intermediate thresholds (≥ 150/100 mmHg) used in several LMICs. Additional differences such as the inclusion of fetal growth restriction in some diagnostic frameworks further contribute to misclassification. These inconsistencies create a 20 mmHg \"treatment gap,\" leading to guideline-dependent over- or under-treatment and widening disparities in resource-limited settings. Marked threshold discord across the 12 major HDP guidelines results in systematic misclassification and divergent management pathways. Harmonization initiatives, transparent communication of evidence limitations, and context-specific implementation research, particularly in LMICs, are urgently needed to support equitable, evidence-based maternal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8873687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13328834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Associated Birth Outcomes Among Adolescent Mothers at a Tertiary Hospital in Zambia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Martin Chakulya, David Chisompola, Hanzooma Hatwiko, Lukundo Siame, Joreen P Povia, Natasha Chishala, Annet Kirabo, Sepiso K Masenga","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/9947103","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/9947103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity, yet data on their burden among adolescent mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HDP and their association with birth outcomes among adolescent mothers at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in Zambia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 405 medical records of adolescent pregnancies (aged 10-19 years) at LUTH from January 2023 to December 2024. HDP was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg after 20 weeks of gestation. Data were abstracted using REDCap and analyzed with StatCrunch. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with HDP. Bivariate analyses examined associations with birth outcomes. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of HDP was 16.8% (68/405). In multivariable analysis, increasing age (AOR = 1.31 per year, 95% CI: 1.06-1.63, <i>p</i> = 0.012), a previous history of hypertension (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.19-2.62, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and a positive family history of chronic hypertension (AOR = 3.89, 95% CI: 1.03-14.61, <i>p</i> = 0.044) were independent predictors. HDP was significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes (<i>p</i> = 0.014), particularly fetal death (46.2% vs. 16.1% among normotensive). Hypertensive adolescents had higher rates of preeclampsia (86.4% vs. 12.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), eclampsia (100% vs. 16%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and fetal complications, including asphyxia (34.5% vs. 14.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and prematurity (23.5% vs. 14.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HDP affect nearly one in six adolescent mothers at a Zambian tertiary hospital and are strongly associated with adverse birth outcomes. Older age, prior hypertension, and family history of chronic hypertension are independent predictors. Enhanced antenatal risk assessment, including detailed personal and family history, age-stratified monitoring, and routine proteinuria screening, is urgently needed to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9947103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13328828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Determinants of Abnormal Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Circadian Patterns Among Adults in Ido Ekiti, Nigeria: A Community-Based Study.","authors":"Ebenezer Adekunle Ajayi, Okechukwu S Ogah, Joseph Olusesan Fadare","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/6016519","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/6016519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is the leading cause of global cardiovascular diseases and deaths, but its management remains poor in sub-Saharan Africa. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides more detailed information on variations in blood pressure during the day and circadian patterns than office measurements. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information regarding ABPM patterns among Nigerian adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence and circadian patterns of abnormal ambulatory blood pressure, as well as to identify sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle predictors of systolic and diastolic dipping status in the adult population of Ido Ekiti, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study involving 352 adults aged ≥ 18 years was conducted using a multistage sampling method. Office blood pressure and 24-h ABPM were recorded with validated automated devices. Dipping patterns were classified as dipper (10%-20%), nondipper (< 10%), reverse dipper (no decrease or increase) or extreme dipper (≥ 20%). Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of nondipping patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 48.6 ± 17.9 years, and 55.7% of the participants were females. Thirty-nine-point-eight percentage of the subjects had abnormal 24-h blood pressure (≥ 130/80 mmHg). Only 22.2% and 36.9% showed normal systolic and diastolic dipping, respectively. Nondipping was associated with higher income (₦70,000-₦500,000; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.91-104.0; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and central obesity (AOR 1.67 × 10³-1.95 × 10⁴; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Elevated 24-h systolic blood pressure increased the likelihood of nondipping (AOR 6.35-7.63), whereas abnormal diastolic blood pressure appeared to have a protective effect (AOR 0.09-0.84). Following WHO physical activity recommendations resulted in a reduction of systolic nondipping (AOR 0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.010), whereas it was associated with an increase in diastolic nondipping (AOR 3.97; <i>p</i> = 0.004). Being male and having a higher office diastolic blood pressure level were protective against systolic nondipping.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal circadian blood pressure patterns are frequent among Nigerian adults, and nondipping is the predominant pattern. Socioeconomic status, central adiposity and 24-h BP load are the most influential factors. The promotion of ABPM in primary care is a vital step in detecting hypertension early and managing it in a personalised way.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6016519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Study on the Multidimensional Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Combined With Ear Triple Therapy in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Hypertension.","authors":"Jing Li, Qingxia Sun, Yanhong Wu","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/1020460","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/1020460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) combined with ear triple therapy in improving blood pressure, symptoms, emotions, and other multidimensional conditions of young and middle-aged patients with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using convenient sampling, young and middle-aged patients with hypertension who visited Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as participants. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group using a random number table, with 115 cases in each group. The control group received standard treatment and nursing, while the intervention group was additionally given MBSR combined with ear triple therapy on the basis of the control group's intervention, with an intervention cycle of 8 weeks. Before the intervention and after 8 weeks, the therapeutic effect, immediate blood pressure-lowering effect, improvement of TCM symptoms, psychological status, and mindfulness level were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and medication use between the 2 groups. After 8 weeks, the intervention group showed superior performance to the control group in terms of therapeutic effect, immediate blood pressure-lowering effect, TCM syndrome score, SAS score, and MAAS score, with statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBSR combined with ear triple therapy can improve hypertension conditions in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension, alleviate symptoms, reduce negative emotions, and enhance mindfulness level, thereby improving medication compliance and self-management ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1020460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Preeclampsia in Women and Their Neonates in Pregnancies With and Without HIV Infection.","authors":"Charlotte Ramdass, Jagidesa Moodley, Nnabuike Chibuoke Ngene, Nalini Govender","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/9198942","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/9198942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by new-onset hypertension at or after 20 weeks of pregnancy, associated with either uteroplacental dysfunction and/or maternal organ dysfunction that involves any of the hematological, renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems. It complicates 2%-8% of pregnancies worldwide and is a significant contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The multiorgan involvement in PE may extend beyond the immediate puerperium period and significantly impact the health of both affected women and their children in later life. In sub-Saharan Africa, long-term data on PE remain limited, irrespective of the substantial HIV burden in the region and the probable interaction between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, HIV infection, and antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, this narrative review provides an update on the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of PE in the context of HIV infection, for both the mother and affected child. For instance, there is an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease development and renal impairment in the mother. Neonates born from such pregnancies are also at increased risk of low birth weight and the sequelae of prematurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9198942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Neutrophil-Percentage-To-Albumin Ratio Level and Heart Failure in Hypertensive Population.","authors":"Mingchen Sun, Zhiyu Li, Zihan Zhou, Jianping Chen, Wei Jia","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/9214764","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/9214764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), which represents a surrogate sign of systemic inflammation, has recently garnered interest as a novel prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular pathology, with a particular focus on heart failure (HF) in patients diagnosed with hypertension. The present analysis explored the relationship between NPAR and HF prevalence based on cross-sectional data derived from the 2017-2020 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 3045 hypertensive adults were analyzed, and multivariable logistic regression was employed with sequential adjustment for a comprehensive range of demographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables, including age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, diabetes, coronary artery disease, previous myocardial infarction, and history of stroke. The overall weighted prevalence of HF in this hypertensive cohort was 6.27%, and participants with HF had significantly higher NPAR levels than those without HF. After comprehensive adjustment for potential confounders, elevated NPAR remained independently associated with greater odds of HF (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Additional quartile, blood pressure-adjusted sensitivity, and spline analyses further supported the robustness and approximately linear nature of this association. ROC analysis indicated that NPAR had acceptable discriminatory ability for HF, with an AUC of 0.649 and an optimal cutoff value of 14.24. Subgroup analyses further identified notable interaction effects for alcohol use and stroke history (interaction <i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating potential effect modification. These findings suggest that NPAR may serve as an accessible and cost-effective marker for HF risk stratification in hypertensive individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9214764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148294983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Burden of Hypertension in Türkiye (2008-2022): A National Cross-Sectional Study of Nearly 100000 Adults.","authors":"Ridvan Sakir, Duha Yahya, Mehmet Kocak","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/6660660","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/6660660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) remains one of the most common and modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases worldwide. While several studies have explored its risk factors, updated national data covering long-term trends in Türkiye has been limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from seven national health surveys carried out in Türkiye between 2008 and 2022, including a total of 97562 participants aged 19 and older. We calculated HTN prevalence across years and performed univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations with demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 18.9% of participants reported to have HTN. Prevalence increased modestly from 2008 to 2016 and then stabilized by 2022 (18.4%). HTN was significantly associated with older age, female gender, higher BMI, larger waist circumference, lower education level, unemployment, physical inactivity, and having a spouse or parent with HTN. Notably, individuals with graduate-level education had a higher prevalence of HTN than those without a high school education, and regular smokers showed a slightly lower prevalence compared to nonsmokers. There was also a significant regional difference in HTN diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings offer an updated picture of HTN in Türkiye and highlight the influence of age, gender, lifestyle, geographical region, and family context on its prevalence. These results can guide future public health strategies of risk reduction at the individual, household, and regional levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6660660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13276673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Adherence Among Hypertensive Patients in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Analysis of Gender and Urban-Rural Disparities.","authors":"Mahmila Sanjana Mim, Md Muddasir Hossain Akib, Bikash Pal, Md Lutfor Rahaman","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/9886514","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/9886514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension remains a major public health concern in Bangladesh, yet comprehensive nationwide studies examining prescription-based medication adherence are limited. To address this gap and understand adherence patterns for effective hypertension management, this study utilized secondary data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2022. A total of 1597 hypertensive individuals aged 18 years or older (670 urban, 927 rural) were included after excluding cases with missing values. Medication adherence was defined by self-reported use of prescribed antihypertensive drugs among those identified with hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or currently taking medication). Univariate, bivariate, and multilevel binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify key factors influencing adherence. Findings revealed that 83.2% of participants were adherent to medication. Adherence varied significantly by gender, wealth status, and diabetes comorbidity. In urban males, those from middle and rich households were 90.4% and 86.8% less likely to be adherent than poor counterparts, while nondiabetic men were over four times more likely to be adherent (AOR: 4.459, 95% CI = (1.371, 13.224), <i>p</i> value = 0.013). Among rural females, higher wealth status increased adherence (AOR: 1.998, 95% CI = (1.221, 3.268), <i>p</i> value = 0.006), but those with primary or secondary education showed lower odds of adherence. Urban females from rich households had significantly higher odds of adherence (AOR: 4.759, 95% CI = (1.838, 12.335), <i>p</i> value = 0.002). These findings highlight the substantial gender and urban-rural disparities in hypertension medication adherence in Bangladesh. Targeted policies, such as educational outreach for rural women, expanded diabetes screening in urban men, and subsidized medication access in rural areas, are urgently needed to improve hypertension management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9886514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13239435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148198800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated With Hypertension Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Private Health Facilities, Kampala, Uganda.","authors":"Lesley Rose Ninsiima, Douglas Bulafu, Tom Okade, Evelyn Nakuya, James Natweta Baguma, Rogers Musiitwa, David Musoke","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/5298004","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/5298004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and hypertension (HTN) are the leading causes of mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Uganda, while private health facilities in urban areas are preferred for managing these conditions, there is limited information on the prevalence of HTN and associated risk factors among T2D patients in these settings. This study assessed the prevalence of HTN and associated factors among T2D patients in private health facilities, Kampala, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A health facility-based cross-sectional study using quantitative methods was employed, which included obtaining information from the patient records and a structured questionnaire. The study recruited 295 participants at the diabetes clinics in selected private health facilities. The collected data were analysed using STATA 15.0 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted using a generalised linear model of modified Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost a third, 28.9% (85/295) of the participants had lived with T2D for more than 10 years. The prevalence of HTN among participants was 63.7%. Knowledge of HTN was low, with only 44.1% of the participants knowing about blood pressure, and 56.3% had a low level of knowledge overall. Participants who smoked (APR = 2.15, 95% Cl: 1.34-3.46), consumed an alcoholic drink in the past 30 days (APR = 1.56, 95% Cl: 1.10-2.20) and had a high level of knowledge on HTN (APR = 2.16, 95% Cl: 1.56-2.99) were more likely to have HTN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found a worrying high burden of uncontrolled HTN among T2D patients, which could be due to risky behaviours including smoking and alcohol use. The generated evidence will inform feasible HTN risk reduction measures among T2D patients, which will improve awareness and existing controls set up by the different stakeholders. Therefore, there is a need for consolidated efforts aimed at addressing the identified gaps through community health education and lifestyle adjustments at facilities they attend to, especially for high-risk behaviours such as smoking and alcohol use, to effectively reduce HTN prevalence in similar populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5298004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13181425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}