International Journal of Hypertension最新文献

{"title":"Correlation of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Measuring Blood Pressure Using Validated Digital Wrist Monitor Versus Validated Digital Arm Monitor: Study in a Real-World Setting.","authors":"Arnold Benjamin Mina, Marlon Co, Alejandro F Diaz, Benjamin A Balmores, Dolores Bonzon, Leilani B Mercado-Asis","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/6941796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/6941796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wrist-cuff blood pressure (wBP) monitors in the market have gained popularity due to their cost, portability, acceptability, and accessibility. Although wide variability in wrist versus the standard arm BP (aBP) monitor values has been reported, comparative investigations in a real-world setting has not been fully elucidated. This study was undertaken to correlate systolic and diastolic BP using wBP versus the standard aBP monitors, to determine discrepancies, if any, and to formulate recommendations for its use. Adult subjects with normal, mild, or moderate hypertension randomly recruited in the investigators' clinics were included. Complete medical history and physical examination were done, and standard positioning for BP measurements was followed. Validated wrist BP (Omron, HEM6161) and validated aBP (Omron, HEM7156) monitors were used. The statistical data were analyzed with <i>R</i> (ver 4.3.2) and MedCalc Statistical Software (Version 22.021). Correlation between wBP and aBP was determined using Passing-Bablok regression and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. Bland-Altman analysis was applied to determine if the wBP values were according to the predetermined clinical significance for systolic and diastolic BP. Statistical significance was defined as a <i>p</i> value of less than 0.05 for all tests. Two-hundred ninety-nine (299) patients participated in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 44.2 years ± 15.1. Majority of the hypertensive subjects were on medications. There were 45 (15%) participants with aBP in the hypertensive level (BP > 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP > of 90 mm Hg). The median systolic wBP was 127 mmHg (range, 115-138) while aBP was 129 mmHg (range, 116-140). The median diastolic wBP and aBP were 80 mmHg (range, 74-88) and 82 mmHg (range, 75-88), respectively. A statistically significant correlation (<i>p</i> = 0.002 and <i>p</i> = 0.003) was obtained between the systolic and diastolic measurements using wBP and aBP apps. However, diastolic wBP was systematically lower by 10 mmHg. In conclusion, there is a correlation between the systolic and diastolic BP values taken through a validated digital wrist BP monitor and a validated aBP monitor. However, caution must be observed when interpreting the diastolic BP results. Clinical correlation is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6941796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Prehypertension Among Adults in Baghdad/Iraq.","authors":"Methaq H Alogaili, Afnan A Alsallami, Mustafa S Fadhil, Sadeq H Khaleel","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/2659005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/2659005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>Prehypertension (defined as systolic pressure of 120-139 mmHg or diastolic pressure of 80-89 mmHg) may impose a substantial burden and future public health challenge. Prehypertension is associated with a high risk of progression to hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular complications, with a 40% five-years progression rate. In those people, lowering blood pressure helps prevent progression to frank hypertension and subsequent target organ damage. In Iraq, the prevalence of hypertension is about 35.6%, and the blood pressure in one-third was uncontrolled. To our knowledge, there are no studies addressing prehypertension in Iraq. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of prehypertension among adults in Baghdad/Iraq.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 424 adults (18 years old and above) recruited from randomly selected primary healthcare centers distributed throughout the city of Baghdad (capital of Iraq) using a multistage sampling technique. Blood pressure was measured (two readings were taken 10-min apart, and the mean value for both systolic and diastolic readings was calculated in millimeters of mercury). Those with a history of hypertension, on antihypertensive treatment or pregnant women were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of prehypertension was 31.0%. There was a significant difference in the preHTN group between normal and high waist circumference (32.1% vs. 49.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Predicted mean blood pressure was significantly correlated with both body mass index and waist circumference (<i>p</i> < 0.001, R-squared = 0.03). The adjusted multiple logistic regression model shows a significant association of prehypertension with male sex (OR = 2.72, CI = 1.65 to 6.41), high fasting glucose, and high cholesterol level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prehypertension (as well as risk factors) is highly prevalent among Iraqi adults. Targeted screening programs, lifestyle modifications, and more focus are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2659005"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IFN-γ and IL-17A Exhibit Opposing Roles in Age-Related Blood Pressure Dysregulation.","authors":"Lweendo Muchaili, Elletina Nchimunya Sinamwenda, Benson M Hamooya, Joreen P Povia, Annet Kirabo, Sepiso K Masenga","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/8370291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/8370291","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The inflammatory pathophysiology of hypertension involves interactions between innate and adaptive immune pathways. While interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) have established roles, the contributions of specific T cell-derived cytokines, especially interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and interleukin-1 (IL-1), remain less defined in age-stratified human populations. The aging immune system undergoes characteristic shifts that may differentially engage these pathways in regulating blood pressure, with this immune senescence being notably accelerated in people living with HIV (PLWH). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate age-stratified associations between key cytokines and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and to determine how these relationships interact with metabolic factors in both PLWH and non-PLWH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 332 adults, stratified into two age groups: &lt; 45 years (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 121) and ≥ 45 years (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 211). Of the participants, 241 were living with HIV (PLWH) and 91 were HIV-negative. Multiple linear regression models, adjusted for demographics, HIV status, LDL cholesterol, and smoking, assessed associations between SBP and plasma levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α. Analyses were performed separately for each age group. In secondary analysis, we evaluated the cytokine-SBP associations using multilinear regression within the HIV + subgroup and in a pooled model including both PLWH and HIV-negative participants to assess consistency across HIV serostatus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The older cohort had significantly higher median SBP, BMI, and LDL cholesterol (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Regression models revealed distinct, age-dependent drivers of SBP. In adults &lt; 45 years, only IFN-γ (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00107, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018) and chronological age (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.487, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.047) showed significant positive associations with SBP. In contrast, for adults ≥ 45 years, body mass index (BMI) was the dominant and consistent predictor across all models (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; range: 1.95-2.08, all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). In this older group, IL-17A was additionally significant in its specific model (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00322, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0448). Systemic levels of IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α were not significantly associated with SBP in either cohort. Secondary analysis showed consistent cytokine-SBP relationships by HIV status, with a slight reduction in effect size seen in IL-17A after adding HIV-negative participants: HIV+ (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0029, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.035) to the combined cohort (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0027, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.048). IFN-γ remained stable with near-identical effect sizes (HIV+: &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0010, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011; combined: &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0010, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.010).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The regulation of blood pressure appears to undergo a fundamental pathophysiological transition with advancing age. In younger adult","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8370291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>Rac1</i> Promoter as a Molecular Nexus for Antihypertensive Therapy Resistance and Enhanced Malaria Susceptibility.","authors":"Selassie Louis Ameke, Kwadwo Fosu, Lucas Amenga-Etego, Kwabena Amofa Nketia Sarpong, Samuel Kojo Kwofie","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/8287621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/8287621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Sub-Saharan Africa, the escalating burden of hypertension converges with persistent malaria endemicity, creating a complex clinical challenge marked by increasing rates of resistance to first-line antihypertensive therapies, particularly angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The molecular mechanisms underpinning this therapeutic failure remain elusive. <i>Rac1</i>, a Rho GTPase regulating both cardiovascular function and erythrocyte biology, presents a compelling molecular link between these comorbidities, yet its regulatory architecture in this context is uncharacterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive <i>in silico</i> analysis of the human <i>Rac1</i> promoter region (-2000 to +500 bp relative to the transcription start site) using biomaRt, BSgenome, and the JASPAR2022 database, anchored to the GRCh38/hg38 reference genome. African ancestry variants from resources such as gnomAD were considered to enhance population-specific relevance. Transcription factor binding sites were predicted using position weight matrices with an 80% relative score threshold to balance sensitivity and specificity. CpG island analysis was performed, including calculation of the observed/expected (o/e) ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2501 bp <i>Rac1</i> promoter is notably GC-rich (57.34%) and contains 164 CpG sites with an o/e ratio of 0.75, defining a canonical CpG island. Analysis revealed a complex regulatory landscape featuring binding motifs for the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), suggesting a potential pathway for bypassing RAAS blockade and contributing to ACEI/ARB resistance. Binding sites for hypoxia-inducible factors, inflammatory mediators, and the erythroid-specific factor GATA-1 were also identified. Spatial analysis showed nonrandom clustering of these elements, suggesting integrated response capabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The regulatory architecture of the <i>Rac1</i> promoter suggests a potential molecular basis for MR-mediated resistance to ACEI/ARB therapies while simultaneously providing a predictive link to enhanced malaria susceptibility through erythrocyte remodeling pathways. These findings offer a novel framework for understanding treatment-resistant hypertension in malaria-endemic regions and identify the <i>Rac1</i> promoter as a candidate nexus for developing dual-disease therapeutic strategies tailored to high-burden populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8287621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postprandial Antihypertensive Evaluation of Microencapsulated Pomegranate Juice in Women With Mild Hypertension: A Randomized Pilot Study.","authors":"Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera, Perfecta Cabrera-García, Héctor Enrique Fabella-Illescas, Leonardo Del Valle-Mondragón, José Moisés Talamantes-Gómez, Néstor A Sánchez-Ortiz, José Alberto Ariza-Ortega, Deyanira Ojeda-Ramírez, Joy A Ahlgren-Beckendorf","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/7665540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/7665540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pomegranates are fruits with a high phenol content that have an antihypertensive effect.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This randomized postprandial pilot study evaluated microencapsulated pomegranate juice (MPJ) as a natural antihypertensive agent in patients with mild hypertension.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity in fresh pomegranate juice (FPJ) and MPJ was determined. Subsequently, the postprandial antihypertensive effect was evaluated in recruited participants who consumed approximately a 480 kcal breakfast. Four experimental groups with five participants each were evaluated: FPJ, 150 mL fresh juice; MPJ, 20 g MPJ; the participant's usual drug (AH); and 150 mL water (W) with breakfast. Each participant's blood pressure (BP) was measured before and after breakfast at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Changes in BP values were evaluated as a function of time using generalized linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MPJ contained the highest content of phenols (14.84 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalent/g lyophilized FPJ) and flavonoids (9.20 ± 0.50 mg quercetin equivalent/g lyophilized FPJ) compared to FPJ; the latter contained a higher content of anthocyanins (3.06 ± 0.009 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/g lyophilized FPJ) and had higher antioxidant capacity. In systolic BP, AH showed significant reductions at 60-120 min. Several statistically significant differences in diastolic pressure were observed: MPJ at 30-120 min and FPJ and AH groups at 60-120 min. FPJ exerted an effect similar to AH at 90 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest a moderate postprandial antihypertensive effect of MPJ when used as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment. However, the findings do not support its use as a replacement for antihypertensive therapy. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT07017296.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7665540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Correlates of Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Treated Hypertension: Oscillometric Pulse Wave Analysis During 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.","authors":"Damla Tufekci, Tuncay Sahutoglu, Ekrem Kara","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/5824092","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/5824092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We investigated the prevalence and correlates of arterial stiffness in treated hypertension using oscillometric pulse wave analysis during 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center cross-sectional study, 131 patients (median age 51.0 years, range 17.0-86.0; 54.2% female) underwent 24-h ABPM. Measurements included 24-h, daytime, and night-time SBP, DBP, MAP, pulse pressure, dipping status, and estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) derived by the Mobil-O-Graph (ARCSolver; age/SBP-dependent).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High ePWV (> 9 m/s) was present in 16.8% of patients. Compared with low/moderate ePWV, the high-ePWV subgroup was older (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and had higher FPG (<i>p</i> < 0.001), higher creatinine and lower eGFR (both <i>p</i> < 0.001), greater proteinuria (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and a lower frequency of systolic dipper status (<i>p</i> = 0.033). In simple correlations, 24-h ePWV was correlated positively with 24-h, daytime, and night-time values of DBP, MAP, and pulse pressure, BMI, FPG, creatinine, uric acid, and proteinuria, and negatively with systolic dipping, diastolic dipping, albumin, and eGFR. However, after adjusting for age, age², and 24-h SBP, the partial correlation analysis revealed that ePWV was negatively correlated only with FPG (<i>r</i> = -0.216, <i>p</i> = 0.014) and hsCRP (<i>r</i> = -0.220, <i>p</i> = 0.031) and positively correlated only with total cholesterol (<i>r</i> = 0.243, <i>p</i> = 0.043) and LDL (<i>r</i> = 0.359, <i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated ePWV identifies a high-risk phenotype in treated hypertension, characterized by advanced age and renal impairment. However, these associations appear intrinsic to the algorithm's reliance on age and SBP. After adjusting for these inputs, ePWV did not exhibit independent associations with clinical parameters, suggesting it should be viewed as an integrated derivative of age and blood pressure rather than a separate physiological measure. ePWV values should be interpreted with caution, recognizing their inherent dependence on algorithmic inputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5824092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12891440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146179454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle and Anthropometric Predictors of Hypertension Among Adults Attending Debark General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case-Control Study.","authors":"Kaleab Tesfaye Tegegne, Eleni Tesfaye Tegegne, Mekibib Kassa Tessema, Samuel Ermiyas Teshome, Aemero Asmamaw Chalachew, Tadele Kassahun Wudu, Asmamaw Zegeye Workneh, Moges Tadesse Abebe, Jenberu Mekurianew Kelkay, Derebe Marie Adugna","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/5543891","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/5543891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a growing public health concern in Ethiopia, contributing substantially to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Identifying predictors of hypertension is crucial for effective prevention and control.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the lifestyle and anthropometric predictors of hypertension among adults attending Debark General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An unmatched case-control study was conducted from January to March 2025, including 640 participants (128 hypertensive cases and 512 normotensive controls) with a 1:4 case-to-control ratio. Cases were adults diagnosed with hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or on antihypertensive treatment). Controls were normotensive adults attending the hospital for other health issues. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Multivariable logistic regression was performed using Stata to identify independent predictors of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariable analysis identified age ≥ 45 years (AOR = 3.62; 95% CI: 2.11-6.20), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) (AOR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.78-4.89), low physical activity (AOR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.45-4.19), high dietary salt intake (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.32-4.11), family history of hypertension (AOR = 3.14; 95% CI: 1.89-5.22), alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.17-3.44), and low fruit intake (< 5 servings/week) (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.08-3.29) as significant predictors of hypertension (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified key modifiable predictors of hypertension, including obesity, physical inactivity, high salt intake, alcohol use, and low fruit consumption, along with nonmodifiable factors such as older age and family history among adults in Northwest Ethiopia. These findings highlight the need for integrated preventive interventions targeting lifestyle modification and early screening in the Ethiopian healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5543891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Various Antihypertensive Drug Compliance Models and Cardiovascular Prognosis of People With Incidentally Detected High Blood Pressure During Health Check-Up in Korea.","authors":"Jong-Kwan Park, Sungyoun Chun, Joongmin Kim, Hancheol Lee, Ji-Yong Jang, Kyeong-Hyeon Chun, Hyeongsoo Kim, Seung-Jin Oh, Geunhee Park, Se-Jung Yoon","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/5581168","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/5581168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A health check-up system (HCS) is one of the best ways to prevent complications and maintain health by diagnosing diseases and screening risk factors early. Here, we investigated how many people who detected elevated blood pressure through the HCS were finally diagnosed with \"hypertension\" and continuously treated. We also analyzed their cardiovascular risk and prognostic significance according to the multiple drug compliance patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 38,100 subjects without cardiovascular disease who were newly detected with elevated blood pressure in HCS between 2006 and 2011 were analyzed and followed up until 2019 using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. They were divided into five subgroups through subsequent prescription history and compared for epidemiological, laboratory performance and cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 38,100 subjects, 6981 (18.3%) cases were diagnosed with hypertension and started medication within 12 months. Of those cases, 3021 (7.9%) cases continued taking their medication, 2184 (5.7%) cases persistently discontinued medication, and 485 (1.3%) cases restarted medication again within 12 months of discontinuation. As a result of follow-up until 2019, the \"drug-free group\" showed the significantly lowest cardiovascular complication incidences (angina, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, CKD, and PAOD), and the highest were seen in the \"re-initiation group\" (cerebral infarct and atrial fibrillation) compared with the \"continuous medication group.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A considerable proportion of individuals with high blood pressure detected in HCS were diagnosed with hypertension and at high cardiovascular risk. The group that needed to restart medication within 12 months after discontinuation showed a higher cardiovascular risk among them.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5581168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145889287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Nomogram for Predicting Hypertension in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Altitude.","authors":"Wenjia Shi, Ruonan Wang, Dingyuan Liu, Hongyan Sun, Yahong Qin, Bang Du, Rui Zhang, Haiyang Tang, Aiai Chu","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/8430910","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/8430910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been established as one of the independent risk factors for hypertension, and its coexistence substantially raises the risk of cardiovascular incidents. However, existing clinical predictive models mainly focus on populations in plain areas and fail to take altitude-specific factors into account. The objective of this study was straightforward: to develop and validate a nomogram that can predict hypertension in patients with OSA syndrome living at mid- to high altitudes. We carried out a detailed retrospective review of 1505 patient records from January 2021 to February 2024, all newly diagnosed with OSA through polysomnography (PSG). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 694 patients were included in the training cohort, and 358 patients were included in the validation cohort. Candidate predictors were selected using LASSO logistic regression, and a nomogram was subsequently established through multivariable logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibrated curves, and decision curve analysis were employed to comprehensively evaluate the model's discriminative capacity, calibration, and clinical applicability. Six variables were identified as risk factors for OSA patients with hypertension, including age, BMI, tonsillar hypertrophy, IVSd, LVPWD, and T90. The nomogram was developed using these variables. The training and validation sequences demonstrate their effectiveness. The AUC of the training and validation cohort was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.74-0.81) and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.66-0.77), respectively. The development of this nomogram can help identify individuals with a higher likelihood of hypertensive conditions among OSA patients in mid- to high-altitude regions, thereby providing a basis for early clinical identification and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8430910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145878304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension Phenotypes and Mortality Risk in the United States of America: A Data-Driven Cluster Analysis.","authors":"Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, Jithin Sam Varghese, Arshed Quyyumi, K M Venkat Narayan, Peter W F Wilson, Mohammed K Ali","doi":"10.1155/ijhy/7193567","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijhy/7193567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a leading, yet modifiable, cause of mortality worldwide. While current treatment guidelines apply uniformly, variation in outcomes suggests unrecognized biological heterogeneity. Existing classifications based solely on systolic and diastolic blood pressure fail to capture this complexity. We identified data-driven clinical phenotypes of primary hypertension and examined their associations with mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pooled analysis of 10 cross-sectional surveys (NHANES 1999-2020). Data from 4084 adults (≥ 30 years) with newly diagnosed or undiagnosed hypertension were collected. Hypertension was defined by self-report (in the last 2 years) or those with undiagnosed high systolic or diastolic blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg). Predictors: age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), hemoglobin A1c, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We used these variables because they are readily available in primary care settings, enabling clinical translation of these findings. We used k-means clustering of eight variables to identify phenotypes. Using mortality data linked to the National Death Index, we estimated the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four phenotypes: Early-onset hypertension (EOH), late-onset hypertension (LOH), glucose-related hypertension (GRH), and lipid-related hypertension (LRH). EOH (37.3%) consisted of younger adults with high BMI and diastolic blood pressure, and low systolic blood pressure and HDL-c. LOH (32.6%) consisted of older adults with low diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and eGFR. GRH (4.5%) consisted of adults with high BMI and HbA1c. LRH (25.6%) consisted of adults with high systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and HDL-c and low BMI and HbA1c. Compared to EOH, mortality was the highest in GRH (all-cause: 3.45 [1.80-6.61]; cardiovascular: 5.40 [2.18-13.37]), yet not significant for LOH (1.18 [0.74-1.87]; 1.04 [0.49-2.21]) and LRH (1.01 [0.62-1.63]; 0.93 [0.46-1.87]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This data-driven cluster analysis identified four phenotypes with different mortality risks in people with newly diagnosed hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":14132,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hypertension","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7193567"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145878249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}