Impact of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Gene Polymorphism in Essential Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Review.

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

International Journal of Hypertension Pub Date : 2025-05-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/ijhy/5530265

Archana Adhikari, Chandrakala Sharma, Mingma Lhamu Sherpa, Gauthaman Karaunakran, Mona Dhakal, Anita Sharma

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Abstract

Genetic, demographic and environmental factors all play a role in the frequency of an intricate multifactorial condition known as hypertension. Approximately 30% and 50% of BP fluctuation are influenced by genetic variability. Many genetic studies have confirmed the link between genetic variability and susceptibility to essential hypertension; hence, identifying genes associated with essential hypertension susceptibility will aid in understanding the pathophysiology and their influence on how an individual responds towards the antihypertensive therapy. There are also controversial results highlighted in some reports. This review summarises genetic variants of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), angiotensinogen (AGT) (M235T), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (insertion/deletion), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) (A1166C) and aldosterone synthase (C344T) that are known and might contribute towards the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Furthermore, the review highlights the response of certain RAAS gene polymorphisms (renin, ACE and AT1R genes) to antihypertensive drugs.

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肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）基因多态性在原发性高血压和降压药物治疗中的影响

遗传、人口统计学和环境因素都在高血压这一复杂的多因素疾病的发病频率中发挥作用。大约30%到50%的血压波动受遗传变异的影响。许多遗传学研究证实了遗传变异与原发性高血压易感性之间的联系；因此，识别与原发性高血压易感性相关的基因将有助于理解病理生理学及其对个体抗高血压治疗反应的影响。一些报告也强调了有争议的结果。本文综述了肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）、血管紧张素原（AGT）（M235T）、血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）（插入/缺失）、血管紧张素II型1受体（AT1R）（A1166C）和醛固酮合成酶（C344T）的遗传变异，这些遗传变异可能与原发性高血压的病理生理有关。此外，该综述强调了某些RAAS基因多态性（肾素、ACE和AT1R基因）对降压药的反应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Hypertension Medicine-Internal Medicine

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

5.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： International Journal of Hypertension is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that provides a forum for clinicians and basic scientists interested in blood pressure regulation and pathophysiology, as well as treatment and prevention of hypertension. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on the etiology and risk factors of hypertension, with a special focus on vascular biology, epidemiology, pediatric hypertension, and hypertensive nephropathy.