International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Are Neurocognitive Deficits Associated With Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children due to COVID-19?","authors":"Kalliopi Megari,&nbsp;Evanthia Thomaidou,&nbsp;Maria Eleni Palioura,&nbsp;Stelios Parasxiakos,&nbsp;Aglaia Skoutara,&nbsp;Panagiota Stougioude,&nbsp;Maria Theodoratou,&nbsp;Maria Sofologi,&nbsp;Efthymia Efthymiou,&nbsp;Soultana Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Dimitra V. Katsarou","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jdn.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with gastrointestinal symptoms due to COVID-19 may experience neurocognitive deficits. Symptoms include difficulty in concentration, memory and other cognitive functions. The deficits could be caused by the virus itself or due to the physical and psychological stress of the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we examined 65 children, 32 children with gastrointestinal symptoms, and we compared them to 33 children without gastrointestinal symptoms due to COVID-19, to investigate whether gastrointestinal symptoms affected neurocognitive status in children with COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that there was a significant relationship between cognitive function and GI symptoms, as well as between cognitive function and the severity of these symptoms. This indicates that COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms may be at risk for developing problems with their memory and other aspects of cognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early detection and intervention may help young children recover faster and return to their typical cognitive functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Analysis of Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety and Autism: Discrete but Connected","authors":"Vicki Bitsika,&nbsp;Christopher F. Sharpley,&nbsp;Kirstan A. Vessey,&nbsp;Ian D. Evans","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jdn.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is comorbid with several major psychiatric disorders, primarily anxiety. Although a previous report of a network analysis of five anxiety subtypes and some ASD diagnostic criteria suggested that anxiety was not part of the ASD symptomatology, several methodological limitations challenge the conclusions reported there. To address those limitations and extend understanding of the association between ASD and anxiety, data on ASD symptomatology and the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were collected from 150 autistic boys and their parents and were analysed via network analysis. Results indicated that, although the separation of GAD and ASD symptoms was generally confirmed, several connections were found between the two sets of symptoms, arguing for a more nuanced model of the association between these two disorders. These findings hold implications for the delivery of ‘precision-medicine’ treatment models for the treatment of anxiety in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jdn.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Role of Maternal Separation in Depression, Anxiety,and Pain Behaviour: A Mini Review of Preclinical Research With Focus on Neuroinflammatory Pathways","authors":"Shima Mohammadi,&nbsp;Alieh Bashghareh,&nbsp;Leila Karimi-Zandi,&nbsp;Tahmineh Mokhtari","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contact between mother and child is essential for the proper development of an infant's physiological systems, brain maturation and behavioural outcomes. Early life stress (ELS), which includes factors such as inadequate parental care and childhood abuse, significantly increases the risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. This review examines the impact of maternal separation (MS) on depression, anxiety and pain behaviour, with a particular emphasis on neuroinflammatory pathways. Experiences of ELS can adversely affect the maturation of neurotransmitter systems and associated neural circuits that are crucial for processing painful stimuli and regulating anxiety and depression. Stressful experiences trigger inflammatory processes in the brain, initiating immune responses in neural cells and stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In mammals, MS serves as a significant stressor that activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and other stress-related systems, leading to increased immune challenges and heightened pain sensitivity in adulthood due to systemic inflammation. Key inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, play critical roles in the development of pathological pain, while the activation of microglia releases inflammatory mediators that contribute to neurological dysfunction and the pathophysiology of stress, depression and anxiety. Moreover, therapeutics targeting oxidative stress and inflammation have shown promise in alleviating affective disorders following MS. This review discusses potential pathways, with a primary focus on neuroinflammatory mechanisms and the therapeutic strategies that may mitigate the adverse effects of MS. There is a pressing need for further research to elucidate the underlying pathways and identify effective interventions to improve mental health outcomes in individuals affected by MS.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuscuta epithymum extract affects epileptic offspring behaviour and weight after applying preconception immobility stress on parents","authors":"Narjes Khavasi,&nbsp;Leila Ghassemifard,&nbsp;Hajar Ramezanikhah,&nbsp;Saeed Sardari,&nbsp;Ehsan Saboory","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10405","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies have indicated a link between stress during pregnancy and stress reactivity in offspring. In this study, we investigated the effect of <i>Cuscuta epithymum</i> (CE) extract on seizure and body weight in offspring born to stressed parents (pre-pregnancy).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female rats were randomly separated into four groups. Then, the animals were subjected to restraint stress once a day for 50 (male) and 15 (female) continuous days. At the same time, rats in the control and stress groups received normal saline while the other two groups received the CE extract. After the stress induction, the control and experimental rats were mated to create eight types of coupling combinations as follows: McFc, McFs, MsFc, MsFs, McFc + EX, McFs + EX, MsFc + EX and MsFs + EX (M, male; F, female; C, control; S, stress; EX, extract). Then, the pups were weighed on postnatal days (PND) 1, 15 and 25. They were also evaluated for pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure on PND 25.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that prolonged parental exposure to stress led to a significant increase in the duration and number of tonic–clonic (TC) seizures, duration of standing on two legs, firmly clinging to the ground, number of head nodding, total score of seizure behaviours and duration of tail rigidity in offspring. Moreover, the onset of the first convulsive behaviour was accelerated. Furthermore, a significantly lower body weight was observed in pre-conceptionally stressed offspring. However, the CE extract significantly improved these symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It can be concluded that CE administration possibly improves the consequences of pre-pregnancy stress, as well as seizure behaviours and weight loss in pups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel ATP7A Variant in a Chinese Boy With Developmental Delay and Epilepsy","authors":"Yun Zhou,&nbsp;Junhua Wu,&nbsp;Jian Xu,&nbsp;Youquan Tu,&nbsp;Minghai Huang,&nbsp;Chunyan Fang","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Menkes disease (MD) is a rare X-linked recessive syndrome that is caused by mutations in the <i>ATP7A</i> gene, which encodes the P-type ATP enzyme. The <i>ATP7A</i> gene encodes 1500 amino acids and is expressed in a number of organs, including the brain, muscles, kidneys and lungs. ATP7A transports copper between cell membranes using energy generated by ATP hydrolysis. Patients with the pathogenic variant in the <i>ATP7A</i> gene exhibit a distinctive pattern of severe neurodegeneration, which is often accompanied by specific alterations in hair morphology. The clinical manifestations of MD have been attributed to the dysfunction of copper-dependent enzymes. Here, we report a 7-month-old boy with MD associated with a novel variant of <i>ATP7A</i> (c.1965_1973del, p.Val656_Leu658del). Genetic testing revealed that both his mother and grandmother had identical <i>ATP7A</i> mutations, and we studied this family to better understand the natural history of this syndrome. In this article, we report for the first time the novel mutation in the <i>ATP7A</i> gene in a Chinese family. In our case, he suffers from simian line, developmental delay, epilepsy, hair changes (short, thin, thick, twisted, often light-coloured), decreased muscle tone, joint relaxation, brain vessel distortion, low serum copper, ceruloplasmin, elevated lactate and an abnormal EEG. Because of its rarity, MD is easily to be misdiagnosed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Behaviours, and Attitudes of Family Physicians and Residents About Autism Spectrum Disorder in Turkey: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Fatmanur Erzurumluoğlu,&nbsp;Raziye Şule Gümüştakım,&nbsp;Celal Kuş,&nbsp;Semiha Cömertoğlu Arslan","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a growing social health issue. Primary healthcare institutions are where children most commonly seek help, and family physicians in primary care play a crucial role in early ASD detection. This study aims to assess the knowledge level, behaviours, and attitudes of family physicians and family medicine residents across Turkey, identify factors affecting their knowledge, and raise awareness among physicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subject and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March and June 2022, with the participation of family medicine specialists, residents, and practicing physicians in Turkey. A 50-question survey was administered face-to-face and digitally. The survey comprised 31 questions on sociodemographic information, factors influencing knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about ASD. The second part included a 19-question “Knowledge about childhood autism among health workers” (KCAHW) questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 392 physicians with a mean age of 32.8 ± 7.9; 60.7% were women. Among the participants, 50.3% were family medicine residents, 21.7% were family medicine specialists, 17.0% were family physicians and 11.0% were contracted family medicine residents. The physicians' mean KCAHW score was 14.1 ± 2.6. Screening for ASD and following ASD were significantly associated with the perception of knowledge level (<i>p</i> = 0.004; <i>p</i> = 0.028, respectively). A statistically significant relationship was found between paediatric rotation, education about ASD, patient follow-ups and the KCAHW scores. Moreover, 98.2% of physicians believed children with ASD should receive special education, while 79.6% thought ASD carried a social stigma, and 52% believed an ASD diagnosis could lead to discrimination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found that participants lacked knowledge about comorbidities with ASD, atypical presentations of ASD, and guiding individuals with ASD. However, having a paediatric rotation, receiving ASD training and following up on children with ASD were associated with increased knowledge levels. Screening for and following up on children with ASD also boosted physicians' self-confidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Reality-Based Attention Prediction Model in Gaming for Autistic Children","authors":"Valarmathi P,&nbsp;Packialatha A","doi":"10.1002/jdn.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nowadays, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a successful new therapeutic strategy in a variety of sectors of the health profession, including rehabilitation, the promotion of inpatients' emotional wellness, diagnostics, surgeon training and mental health therapy. This study develops a new model VRAPMG for children with ASD with the following steps that consider 3D gaming. In this work, the face image is considered to evaluate the attention of the children. In the data acquisition, the input face image is converted into a noncoloured image called a greyscale image. The preprocessing phase is carried out with a median filter and Viola–Jones (VJ) algorithm–based face detection is carried out. Then, the improved active shape model (ASM), shape local binary texture (SLBT) and eye position localization–based features are extracted. In the detection phase, DMO and Bi-GRU models are combined to form the hybrid classification model. Then, improved SLF is done, and the output is detected. Depending on the detected emotions, it is determined whether the children are attentive or not via entropy-based attention prediction.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrocortisone Attenuates the Development of Malformations of the Polymicrogyria Spectrum","authors":"Laura Maria Borges Savoldi,&nbsp;Luiza dos Santos Heringer,&nbsp;Milena Batista Carneiro,&nbsp;Ana Maria Blanco Martinez,&nbsp;Henrique Rocha Mendonça","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10414","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10414","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most of the malformations of the polymicrogyria spectrum are caused by destructive lesions of the neocortex during the third trimester of pregnancy, triggered by hypoxic–ischemic, hemorrhagic or infectious events, with neuroinflammation as a common pathophysiological mechanism. Our study investigated hydrocortisone treatment in attenuating inflammation, malformations development and seizures predisposition in mice subjected to neonatal transcranial freeze lesion. Our results show attenuation of malformation and predisposition to febrile seizures, with concomitant reduction of macrophages/microglia after neonatal freeze lesion, polarizing them towards an anti-inflammatory profile. Thus, we have identified a promising treatment to minimize the development of cortical developmental malformations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edaravone Mitigates Hippocampal Neuronal Death and Cognitive Dysfunction by Upregulating BDNF Expression in Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Rats","authors":"Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Yongkai Yang,&nbsp;Yijun Lin","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10413","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10413","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological injury during infancy, often resulting in long-term cognitive deficits. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger, and elucidate the potential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating these effects in neonatal HIE rats. Using the Rice-Vannucci model, HIE was induced in neonatal rats, followed by immediate administration of EDA after the hypoxic–ischemic insult. To examine the role of BDNF, a separate group of rats received intrahippocampal injections of a lentiviral vector for BDNF knockdown prior to the induction of HIE and subsequent EDA treatment. Neuronal survival and apoptosis in the hippocampal region were assessed by immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining, respectively. BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) and Y maze tests. Results demonstrated that EDA significantly reduced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and death, increased neuronal survival, and enhanced BDNF expression compared to the control group. However, the therapeutic effects of EDA were mitigated in the BDNF knockdown group, indicating a crucial role of BDNF in mediating the neuroprotective effects of EDA. Behavioural testing confirmed that EDA treatment significantly improved spatial learning and memory abilities in HIE rats, but these improvements were not observed in rats with BDNF knockdown. In conclusion, our study suggests that EDA treatment mitigates hippocampal neuronal death and improves cognitive dysfunction in HIE rats primarily by upregulating BDNF expression. These findings provide experimental support for the potential application of EDA in the treatment of HIE and highlight the essential role of BDNF in neuroprotection and cognitive recovery post-HIE.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Pineal Gland Volume in Children With Intellectual Disability’","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10408","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10408","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Gürbüz, A. A.</span>, <span>Altun, H.</span>, <span>Tahiroğlu, A. Y.</span>, <span>Mert, G. G.</span>, <span>Kızıldağ, B.</span>, &amp; <span>Arslan, S. C.</span> (<span>2024</span>). <span>Pineal Gland Volume in Children With Intellectual Disability</span>. <i>International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience</i>, <span>84</span>(<span>8</span>), <span>963</span>–<span>971</span>. https://doi.org/10.1002/jdn.10389.\u0000 </p><p>In the Conclusion section of the abstract, the phrase ‘autism spectrum disorder’ is incorrect. This should have read: ‘ID’ for the abbreviation ‘intellectual disability’.</p><p>We would like to highlight that this was an unintentional typographical error, and the correct term should be ‘intellectual disability’.</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jdn.10408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}