{"title":"Suitable Effective Mode of Administration of Intravenous Ara-C in Acute Leukaemias","authors":"N. M. Irshadullah","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202286","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: \u0000Ara-c is a commonly used drug in acute leukaemias. In different stages of treatment dose and mode of administration of this drug is variable. It is usually considered as a cell cycle specific drug, but except in ‘standard’ induction of remission therapy for acute myelogenous leukaemia it is not usually given by continuous infusion in other conditions. This article discusses about the different intravenous modes of administration of ara-c in AML induction chemotherapy, their outcomes, and urges for trials to find out a suitable mode of administration of this common drug. \u0000Keywords: cytosine arabinoside, arabinocytosar, arabinosyl cytarabine, ara-c, cytarabine","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121124694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Nurun Nabi, Mosammath Khadiza Mamdu, A. Siddika, Md. Abdul Aziz
{"title":"Prevalence And Diagnosis of Acute Leukaemia - Experience in 50 Cases in AFIP","authors":"Md. Nurun Nabi, Mosammath Khadiza Mamdu, A. Siddika, Md. Abdul Aziz","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202282","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Haematological malignancies covers a wide range of diseases ranging from acute leukaemia to different type of lymphoproliferative disorders among which acute leukemia is a major concern all over the world. Objective: To evaluate the diagnosis of acute leukemia by morphological and immunophenotypic study. To find out the prevalence of acute leukemia among the 50 patients attending in the department Haematology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Cantonment. Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Haematology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Bangladesh from January 2008 to December 2008. Total of 50 patients were included after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of 50 patients, 38 (76%) cases are in the age group of 06 months to 15 years followed by 12 (24%) patients belong to the age group of 16 to more than 75 years. Amongst the respondents 58% were male and 42% were female. Morphology of the bone marrow samples revealed that 19 (38%) cases were acute myeloid leukemia, 29 (58%) were found to be acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 02 (04%) were indistinguishable. Whether, from immunophenotyping of 50 cases, 14 (28%) were reported as acute myeloid leukemia, 32 (64%) were acute lymphoblastic leukemia and both bi-phenotypic and undifferentiated acute leukaemia were 02 (04%) of each. Conclusion: Acute lymphoid leukaemia was the commonest type of acute leukaemia. Male predominance was seen in all acute types of leukemia and age has a significant effect on the type of leuakemia.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126084361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Covid-19 vaccines for patients with haematological malignancies","authors":"A. Kabir","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202289","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with haematological malignancies have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A pooled meta-analysis of 3377 predominantly hospitalized patients with haematological malignancies and COVID-19 reported a mortality rate of 34% (95% CI 28-39%). Advanced age (≥60 years) and non-white race were identified as risk factors for death. Mortality rate varied on the basis of the type of malignancy: 53% of patients with acquired bone marrow failure syndromes, 41% of patients with acute leukaemias, 32% of patients with lymphomas, 31% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and 34% of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.11 Given the high case fatality rate among these patients prioritization of COVID-19 vaccines for this group might appear straight forward.12","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117249211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahbuba Sharmin, A. L. Kabir, Md. Abdul Aziz, S. Miah, Umme Shahera, N. Sultana, Khaza Amirul Islam
{"title":"Hepatitis in Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Report of an Unusual Case","authors":"Mahbuba Sharmin, A. L. Kabir, Md. Abdul Aziz, S. Miah, Umme Shahera, N. Sultana, Khaza Amirul Islam","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202173","url":null,"abstract":"World Health Organization defines a rare diagnosis Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) as a persistent eosinophilia for 6 months and resulting in end-organ dysfunction. Most of the patients present with nonspecific symptoms, while others will present with symptoms of the affected organs, commonly those involving the heart, skin, or nervous system. Gastrointestinal or liver involvement is estimated to affect up to one-third of patients with HES, although patients with clinically significant disease are limited to case reports. This is the first report of a patient presenting with idiopathic HES related hepatitis and achalasia. Hypereosinophilic syndrome has been reported to be associated with hepatic dysfunction; liver histology is mainly characterized by a diffuse eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate. A 49-yr-old woman, diagnosed as a case of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with bone marrow and pulmonary eosinophilic infiltrates associated with peripheral eosinophilia,high IgE level developed features of chronic gatrornteritis, hepatitis, with a significant eosinophil component. She responded well to systemic glucocorticoid and Imatinib therapy with normalization of liver function tests within a few weeks.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132915799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noor-A-Sabah Liza, S. Rahman, A. Islam, C. Jamal, Mohosina Sultana Setu, Hosna Jhahan
{"title":"Nutritional Status of the Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia at Diagnosis and after Completion of Induction","authors":"Noor-A-Sabah Liza, S. Rahman, A. Islam, C. Jamal, Mohosina Sultana Setu, Hosna Jhahan","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202174","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adequate nutrition is an important concern in children with leukemia. Malnutrition and weight lost are common and are due to verity of mechanism involving the tumor, the host response to the tumor such as infection and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic drugs. Objective: To evaluate and compare the nutritional status of children with ALL at diagnosis and after completion of induction therapy. Methodology: This prospective observational study included 60 children newly diagnosed as ALL, aged 2-15 years, over a period from April 2012 to September 2012 in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, BSMMU. The anthropometric measurements and serum albumin level were taken. Anthropometric indices are calculated by NCHS (WHO-2000) and classified as Z score. Children <-2 SD are considered as underweight (WFA), stunted (HFA) and wasted (WFH). Serum albumin level below 21g/dl is considered as severely malnourished. The Hb values of the children are compared with normal values by age. The children got induction chemotherapy according to MRC-11 protocol. They were in regular follow up and again anthropometric measurements and serum albumin level were taken after completion of induction. Results: Out of 60 children with ALL, 48 (70%) were underweight, 45 (75%) were stunted 36 (60%) were wasted at diagnosis. Incidence of malnutrition among leukemia children after completion of induction were 24 (40%) underweight, 45 (75%) were stunted and 6 (10%) were wasted. The results showed that children in the newly diagnosed stage had a higher prevalence of malnutrition. However no statistically significant difference in the nutritional status was found among newly diagnosed and after completion of induction in term of underweight and stunting but newly diagnosed patients had statistically significant wasting than patients who had completed induction chemotherapy. No patient showed severe malnutrition based on the cut-off point for serum albumin on both stages. All the children (100%) had less than normal range hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: Malnutrition was higher in children with newly diagnosed leukemia. Children had significant differences in the nutritional status in term of wasting at diagnosis than after completion of induction therapy. So, the nutritional status of children with leukemia should be monitor periodically.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114455960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Nuruzzaman Bhuiyan, S. Giti, Mahbuba Akhter, M. Hossen, Moshiur Rahman
{"title":"Role of Biomarkers in the Stratification of COVID-19 Disease Severity – A Review","authors":"Mohammed Nuruzzaman Bhuiyan, S. Giti, Mahbuba Akhter, M. Hossen, Moshiur Rahman","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There have been a wide variety of clinical publications on coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) focused on specific biomarkers. Acute-phase reactants, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, serum amyloid A (SAA), and procalcitonin, have been identified as sensitive markers of acute COVID-19 illness, even though they are nonspecific markers. Objective: The purpose of this study is to summarize the role of several biomarkers in the stratification of COVID-19 disease severity. Methods: This study followed systematic literature review method. The systematic review followed the review process as it was well developed and planned to reduce biases and eliminate irrelevant and low-quality studies. The steps for implementing a systematic review include correctly formulating the COVID-19 question to answer, developing a protocol based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, performing a detailed and broad literature search and screening the abstracts of the studies identified in the search and subsequently of the selected complete texts. After selecting the study, the next steps were synthesis of the evidence like extract the necessary data into a form designed in the protocol to summarise the included studies, assess the biases of each study, identifying the quality of the available evidence, and develop tables and text that synthesise the evidence. The secondary sources of data for this study included different published topics from national & international journals. Good number of Journal articles was taken regarding “Role of Biomarkers in the Stratification of COVID-19”. Published articles were collected from renowned indexing data source like PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. Etc. Conclusion: Significantly increased white blood cell count, lymphopenia, decreased CD3, CD4, or CD8 T-lymphocyte counts, high neutrophil count, thrombocytopenia, and dramatically elevated inflammatory biomarkers were all linked to severe disease and the probability of developing sepsis as the disease progressed. Progressive decreases with lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated CRP, procalcitonin, increased liver enzymes, impaired renal function, and coagulation derangements were more common in critically sick patients and were linked to a higher rate of clinical sequelae. In seriously and critically ill patients, elevated interleukin levels and significantly increased SAA were most frequently reported. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, the systemic immune inflammation index, and the COVID-19 Severity Score are all indicators of systemic inflammation that can be used to predict disease severity, outcome, and death.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122510286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID- Associated Immune Thrombocytopenia (COVID-ITP) in Pandemic","authors":"M. Khan","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202178","url":null,"abstract":"platelet count <100 x 109/L, usually diagnosed by method of exclusion of other causes of low platelet count.1 Environmental (infection, medicine, autoimmunity etc.) or genetic predisposition are known risk factors for ITP. There is no single test that can identify ITP, but it is essential to correlate with clinical presentation of patient and relevant investigations to reach diagnosis of ITP. Over the last three months, I have observed about sixty patients of 4th to 6th decade age groups of male predominance who came with mild to moderate thrombocytopenia. Most of them were found to have low platelet count on routine checkup for other conditions and rarely did they have any bleeding manifestation. Majority of them had mild weakness and fatigue but were afebrile. On clinical history, some of them were suffered from COVID-19 infection within the last 6 months, but all had the history of double doses of COVID-19 vaccination. There were no association of headache, blurring of vision, chest pain, abdominal pain and leg pain which are common clinical findings of vaccine induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT).2 On careful clinical examination there were no signs of surface or internal bleeding, sign of thrombosis, leg edema, cellulitis or tenderness in the limbs.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123789069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaza Amirul Islam, S. Baqi, Md. Arif-Ur- Rahman, Md. Shafiul Azam, Mahbuba Sharmin, A. L. Kabir, Tahmina Akther
{"title":"Serum ferritin level of transfusion dependent thalassaemia patients- A Single Centre Study","authors":"Khaza Amirul Islam, S. Baqi, Md. Arif-Ur- Rahman, Md. Shafiul Azam, Mahbuba Sharmin, A. L. Kabir, Tahmina Akther","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202172","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine serum ferritin level in transfusion dependent thalassaemia patients. A total of 64 transfusion dependent thalassaemia (TDT) patients was included in this cross sectional study from April, 2018 to September, 2019 according to selection criteria. Body iron load was estimated by serum ferritin level. The study sample consisted of 43 male and 21 female TDT patients, with a mean age of 25.5 years. Most of the patients (43.8%) patients had serum ferritin level in between 1000-2500 ng/ml. 12 patients (18.7%) had serum ferritin level >5000 ng/ml and 3 patients (4.7%) had serum ferritin in between 2501-5000 ng/ml. The mean serum ferritin was found 2462.6 ± 2792.7ng/ml with range from 207.0 -11891.2ng/m.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116772257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nishat Mahzabin, M. Islam, K. Islam, Khaza Amirul Islam, Md. Arif-Ur- Rahman, Nusrat Jahan, A. L. Kabir
{"title":"Spectrum of Genetic Mutation in Beta Globin Gene in Various Type of Thalassaemia in Bangladesh","authors":"Nishat Mahzabin, M. Islam, K. Islam, Khaza Amirul Islam, Md. Arif-Ur- Rahman, Nusrat Jahan, A. L. Kabir","doi":"10.37545/haematoljbd202177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37545/haematoljbd202177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hb-E/Beta thalassaemia is a congenital haemoglobin disorder which is a compound heterozygous state consists of qualitative disorder like Hb E variant & quantitative Hb disorder caused by genetic mutation of Beta chain. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the beta gene mutation in Hb E/Beta thalassaemia. Method: A total of 32 diagnosed Hb E/Beta thalassaemia patients were included in this cross-sectional study from May 2019 to July 2020. Genetic analysis was done by sanger sequencing. Results: In this observational study, we found 13 different types of Beta gene mutations. Heterozygous for IVS 1-5(G>C) mutation was most frequent (53.1%). Conclusion: Genetic mutation is the confirmatory diagnosis for thalassaemia as well as one of the main factors for clinical expression. Mutation pattern also varies according to the geographical distribution. So, this study shows the frequently found mutation in Bangladesh and should carry out routinely to point out phenotypic expression.","PeriodicalId":137283,"journal":{"name":"Haematology Journal of Bangladesh","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117126573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}