{"title":"Alternating Administration of Osimertinib for Leptomeningitis and Docetaxel Plus Ramucirumab for Lung Adenocarcinoma Resistant to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Case Report.","authors":"Haruka Tomizawa, Atsuto Mouri, Satsuki Mikoshiba, Kasumi Tsukamoto, Yukiko Abe, Miku Oda, Maya Tsuchiya, Takashi Yamana, Kozo Suhara, Mitsuhiro Kamimura","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4427-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4427-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, leptomeningitis (LM) has been considered untreatable and terminal, but the development of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with EGFR mutations. However, non-LM lesions occasionally progress or recur, even when the LM is successfully controlled with EGFR-TKIs, and treatment of such cases remains unclear. We herein report a patient with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who was treated with an EGFR-TKI for LM and cytotoxic chemotherapy for EGFR-TKI-resistant pulmonary lesions. The patient survived for almost four years after the diagnosis of LM, suggesting that this treatment may be beneficial in advanced NSCLC with EGFR-TKI-sensitive LM and EGFR-TKI-resistant extracranial lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of the Glasgow Coma Scale with the Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Thyroid Storm.","authors":"Masahisa Hata, Mitsuyoshi Takahara, Fumiyo Kubo, Yohei Fujita, Ryota Tamura, Saki Takeda, Takashi Katsura, Yutaka Umayahara, Masahiro Hatazaki","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4629-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4629-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is widely used to assess the levels of consciousness. This study examined whether or not the initial GCS score could be a marker of the length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients with thyroid storm. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 patients with thyroid storm in our hospital between January 2010 and December 2023. Thyroid storm was diagnosed based on the latest diagnostic criteria in Japan. Since 30 days is the upper limit of LOS in the Diagnosis Procedure Combination [DPC]-based reimbursement system, the study population was divided into patients with permissible LOS (<30 days) and those with undesirable LOS (≥30 days). As a supplementary analysis, we examined the correlation of the GCS score and other clinical parameters with LOS using a Spearman's rank correlation analysis. Results The GCS score was significantly higher (14.1±2.7 vs. 9.9±4.9 points; p <0.001), and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score significantly lower (1.68±2.16 vs. 7.50±7.91 points; p =0.009) in patients with permissible LOS than in those with undesirable LOS, while other clinical parameters were not significantly different between the groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the GCS for the permissible vs. undesirable LOS was 0.866. The baseline parameters that were significantly correlated with LOS were the GCS (ρ =-0.665; p <0.001) and SOFA score (ρ =0.670; p <0.001). The subsequent rank partial correlation analysis showed that GCS was still inversely correlated with LOS, independent of SOFA score (ρ =-0.390; p =0.040). Conclusions GCS, which can be evaluated more easily and quickly than the SOFA score, is a useful marker of LOS in patients with thyroid storm.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Fat Embolism Syndrome Treated with Methylprednisolone.","authors":"Daisuke Baba, Yugo Yamashita, Yuki Fukuda, Kyohei Yamaji, Hiroki Shiomi, Takahiro Horie, Shin Watanabe, Koh Ono","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4472-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4472-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 74-year-old woman presented with sudden dyspnea 22 h after orthopedic surgery. Echocardiography revealed significant right ventricular dilatation, suggesting the development of acute pulmonary embolism. However, contrast computed tomography showed no signs of pulmonary thromboembolism, leading to suspicion of fat embolism syndrome (FES). Despite the administration of high-dose norepinephrine and dobutamine, her hemodynamic status did not improve, and high-dose methylprednisolone (250 mg) was administered. After administration, her hemodynamic status improved promptly, and she soon showed normotension. The current case suggests the possibility of high-dose methylprednisolone for hemodynamic improvement in FES.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co-occurrence of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Successfully Treated with Tocilizumab: A Case Report.","authors":"Takuma Tsuzuki Wada, Kazuhiro Yokota, Mariko Okada, Takaya Ichimura, Takehito Ueno, Nobuhito Okumura, Iichiro Osawa, Kaiji Inoue, Yuji Akiyama, Yoshihiko Nakazato, Atsushi Sasaki, Toshimasa Yamamoto, Toshihide Mimura","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4503-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4503-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We herein report a 52-year-old woman with anti-aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) who was successfully treated with tocilizumab, a humanized anti-human interleukin (IL)-6 receptor monoclonal antibody. This is the first report of a case of coexisting NMOSD and iMCD. IL-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of both NMOSD and iMCD, and tocilizumab is effective against both diseases. By treating the patient with tocilizumab, the lung lesions due to iMCD improved, and the neurological symptoms of NMOSD did not recur.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Japanese Spotted Fever with Severe Myositis: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Keigo Kobayashi, Haruna Baba, Riki Takeda, Susumu Nishiyama, Shu Nakamoto, Yasuhiro Umekawa","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4813-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4813-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A woman in her late 70s presented with a fever, rashes, and marked proximal muscle weakness. Noninfectious conditions, including myositis and vasculitis, were initially considered. Treatment with cephalosporins was ineffective, but the symptoms improved with minocycline, indicating possible Japanese spotted fever (JSF) despite no apparent history of tick exposure. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological tests. A skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis with immune complex deposition, suggesting muscle damage due to immune complexes. This case underscores the need to consider JSF in patients with atypical symptoms and initiate timely treatment to prevent severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Internal MedicinePub Date : 2024-12-26DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.4682-24
Naoto Minematsu, Nanase Honda, Naoto Yokogawa
{"title":"White Blood Cell Count and Lymphocyte-to-monocyte Ratio as a Screening Tool for Predicting Intravascular Lymphoma in the Differential Diagnosis of Fever of Unknown Origin.","authors":"Naoto Minematsu, Nanase Honda, Naoto Yokogawa","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4682-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4682-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a critical cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO). While a pathological analysis is essential for diagnosing IVLBCL, the indications for an invasive procedure may be ascertained using easy, non-invasive tests. The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) can reportedly predict the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in patients with lymphadenopathy; however, its clinical utility in predicting an IVLBCL diagnosis in patients with FUO remains to be elucidated. Methods The medical records of 91 patients with FUO who underwent a skin biopsy for suspected IVLBCL between January 2010 and April 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients Seventeen and 60 patients with and without pathologically diagnosed IVLBCL, respectively, were included in the analysis. The laboratory data nearest to the timing of the skin biopsy were then compared between the groups. Results Among the variables with an intragroup difference, a low white blood cell (WBC) count and LMR were predictors of an IVLBCL diagnosis after adjusting for covariates. A receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that a WBC ≤7,200 and LMR ≤3.0 predicted the diagnosis with a sensitivity of 88.2% and 100%, and a specificity of 65.0% and 43.3%, respectively. In addition, the probability of IVLBCL increased to 71.4% in patients with both variables but was 0% in those with neither variable, indicating its potential utility in determining the need for an invasive procedure. Conclusion The WBC count and LMR predicted an IVLBCL diagnosis in patients presenting with FUO.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicated by Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Shortly After Initiation of Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab.","authors":"Nanase Usui, Yukinori Imai, Kayoko Sugawara, Yoshihito Uchida, Nobuaki Nakayama, Tomoaki Tomiya, Suguru Mizuno, Satoshi Mochida","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4688-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4688-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 64-year-old man with cirrhosis was diagnosed with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and treated with a combination of durvalumab and tremelimumab. The patient had no history of diabetes mellitus. Three weeks later, the patient developed general fatigue, dry mouth, and polyuria. A subsequent blood examination revealed a blood glucose level of 706 mg/dL and C-peptide level of 0.29 ng/mL, with an HbA1c of 6.4%. The patient was diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus is a rare immune-mediated adverse event, it requires prompt attention shortly after the initiation of these agents owing to its severe and emergent nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Esophageal Dysfunction in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Myositis: A Case Report.","authors":"Yoya Ono, Kenjiro Kunieda, Tomohisa Ohno, Ichiro Fujishima, Takayoshi Shimohata","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4254-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4254-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 69-year-old woman with left-sided breast cancer developed elevated creatine kinase levels and muscle weakness in her extremities after treatment with pembrolizumab. The patient was diagnosed with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related myositis. Although the patient had no symptoms of dysphagia, we evaluated her swallowing function because esophageal dysfunction is a known complication of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study detected barium residues in the lower esophagus. Furthermore, high-resolution manometry showed impaired upper esophageal sphincter opening and absence of esophageal peristalsis, which improved partially after immunotherapy. These findings suggest that esophageal dysfunction may be an unrecognized complication of ICI-related myositis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement and Retention of Insulin Secretion in Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Diet Therapy and Exercise for Five Years: A Case Report.","authors":"Toshihiro Sato, Tetsuro Tsujimoto, Michi Kobayashi, Hiroshi Kajio","doi":"10.2169/internalmedicine.4648-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.4648-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are no clear strategies for non-insulin-dependent slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM). We herein report a 25-year-old man with SPIDDM in whom appropriate diet therapy and exercise improved the initial insulin secretion without medication. After 12 months, his body weight decreased by 5.4 kg, and his muscle mass increased from 0.77 to 0.81 kg/body weight. glycated hemoglobin levels were reduced from 6.4% to 5.7%. HOMA-IR decreased from 1.70 to 0.77; in particular, the insulinogenic index improved from 0.04 to 0.13. These improvements were maintained over five years with continuous lifestyle interventions. Patients with non-insulin-dependent SPIDDM may recover and retain their insulin secretion through lifestyle interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13719,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}