Innovation in Aging最新文献

{"title":"Carta of Florence Against Ageism; No Place for Ageism in Healthcare.","authors":"Andrea Ungar, Antonio Cherubini, Laura Fratiglioni, Vânia de la Fuente-Núñez, Linda P Fried, Marlane Sally Krasovitsky, Mary Tinetti, Alana Officer, Bruno Vellas, Luigi Ferrucci","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igad133","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igad133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 2","pages":"igad133"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10902822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Relationships and Mediating Effects Between Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Frailty in Chinese Older Adults.","authors":"Chaoping Pan","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Social isolation (SI) and loneliness are key factors that contribute to frailty among older adults. Current estimates regarding how frailty affects SI and loneliness and how SI and loneliness affect frailty may be flawed due to reverse causality. This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional relationships and mediating effects among SI, loneliness, and frailty among older adults in China.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The study analyzed data from 6 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted between 2002 and 2018. The sample included individuals aged 65 and older. The General Cross-Lagged Panel Model was used to account for confounding factors and reveal mediating effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings specifically indicate a direct effect of SI on frailty, although suggesting that loneliness may indirectly affect frailty through its influence on SI. Additionally, frailty can lead to increased SI and loneliness.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>SI and loneliness are strongly intertwined with frailty among older adults in China. To prevent the development of frailty, public health initiatives should prioritize reducing SI among older adults. Furthermore, efforts to decrease frailty levels can yield positive outcomes by mitigating both SI and loneliness among this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae019"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10946306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Retrospective Reports Provide Accurate Job History Information? A Comparison With Concurrent Reports in a National Prospective Study of Older Adults.","authors":"Amanda Sonnega, Maymona Al-Hinai, Qize Chen, Brooke Helppie-McFall, Jacqui Smith","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The growing interest in the impact of lifetime occupational exposures on later-life health underscores the need to expand and evaluate the quality of data resources. The present study took advantage of a retrospective life history survey fielded within the context of the Health and Retirement Study to assess the accuracy of retrospectively obtained information on job history. We evaluated hypotheses related to job history and respondent characteristics to understand more about factors associated with recall accuracy.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We used data from the Life History Mail Survey (LHMS), a self-administered survey conducted in 2015 and 2017. We compared the match rate of work status collected in the LHMS questionnaire with data collected concurrently during HRS core face-to-face or phone interviews from 1992 through 2016 with respect to jobs held at the time of the interview. We also conducted a limited set of comparisons of occupation and industry match.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample was 61.79% women, 82.12% White, and 8.57% Hispanic with a mean age of 74.70 years. The overall work status match rate was 83%. Jobs held longer ago were recalled with less accuracy. Jobs held for longer durations and that were full-time rather than part-time were recalled with greater accuracy. More complex job histories that involved a larger number of jobs were also associated with a lower match rate. Higher levels of conscientiousness and cognitive functioning were both associated with a higher match between the two sources of work status information. The occupation match rate was 69%, and the industry match rate was 77%.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>A self-administered, paper-and-pencil questionnaire attempting to measure decades-long histories of autobiographically important dimensions of life can provide reasonably accurate historical employment information. Several factors are likely to influence the relative accuracy of recalled information.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10976911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feedback System Analysis of a Multicomponent Intervention on Dyads of Home-Dwelling Persons With Dementia and Their Caregivers: Results From the LIVE@Home.Path Trial.","authors":"Maarja Vislapuu, Monica Patrascu, Heather Allore, Bettina S Husebo, Egil Kjerstad, Marie H Gedde, Line I Berge","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Proper symptom management, informal caregiver support, and service innovation are required to reduce dementia care burden. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the multicomponent LIVE (Learning, Innovation, Volunteering, Empowerment) intervention on caregiver experience of the self-perceived care situation, coordinator performance, and informal care time.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We conducted a 24-month multicomponent, stepped-wedge randomized control trial including dyads of people ≥65 years with mild-to-moderate dementia with minimum weekly contact with their informal caregivers in Norway. The intervention was implemented by municipal coordinators over a 6-month period. This study investigates the first 6-month period (September 2019-March 2020) of the trial, due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Primary outcomes are changes in provision of informal care time assessed by Resource Utilization in Dementia Care (RUD) and informal caregiver experience assessed by the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC). We use logistic regression and feedback system analysis to assess the reach of the multicomponent intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 280 dyads were included at baseline, mean age of the person with dementia was 81.8 years, and 62.5% were female. After 6 months, the feedback system analysis reveals that the caregivers randomized to the intervention period reported improved caregiver situation (CGIG-T: intervention 0.63 (<i>SD</i> 2.4) vs control -0.43 (<i>SD</i> 1.7), <i>p</i> < .01), even though informal care time for activities of daily living was not reduced (<i>p</i> = .31). Informal caregivers registered a positive change for the Learning, Innovation, and Empowerment components, while no change was found for Volunteer support.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Findings illustrate the usefulness of dementia care coordinators that provide regular follow-up. We also show that complex intervention studies benefit from applying feedback system analysis. Meeting the needs of persons with dementia and their caregivers is a complex process that requires coordinated input from health services and user communities.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>NCT04043364.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae020"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10976912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Consumer Credit Precede or Follow Health Among Older Adults? An Investigation in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) Trial.","authors":"Lorraine T Dean, Shang-En Chung, Alden L Gross, Olivio J Clay, Sherry L Willis, Ian M McDonough, Kelsey R Thomas, Michael Marsiske, Jaya Aysola, Roland J Thorpe, Cynthia Felix, Melissa Berkowitz, Norma B Coe","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Consumer credit has shown increasing relevance to the health of older adults; however, studies have not been able to assess the extent to which creditworthiness influences future health or health influences future creditworthiness. We assessed the relationships between 4-year pre and postmorbid consumer credit history and self-rated physical and mental health outcomes among older adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Generalized estimating equations models assessed pre and postmorbid credit history (credit scores, derogatory accounts, and unpaid accounts in collections) and the onset of poor self-rated health (SF-36 score <50) among 1,740 participants aged 65+ in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study from 2001 to 2017, linked to TransUnion consumer credit data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In any given year, up to 1/4 of participants had a major derogatory, unpaid, or collections account, and up to 13% of the sample had poor health. Each 50-point increase in credit score trended toward a 5% lower odds of poor health in the next 1 year, a 6% lower odds in the next 2 years, and a statistically significant finding of 13% lower odds by 3 years. A drop in credit score was associated with a 10% greater odds of poor health in the next year, and having a major derogatory account was associated with an 86% greater odds of poor health in the next 3 years. After poor health onset, credit scores continued to see significant losses up to the 3 years, with larger decrements over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Having a major derogatory account or a sudden loss in credit may be a time to monitor older adults for changes in health. After a downturn in health, supporting older adults to manage their debt may help stabilize their credit.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae016"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of Caregiving Activities and Association With Physical Health Among Dementia Spousal Caregivers.","authors":"Jinmyoung Cho, Laura P Sands, Alan B Stevens, Heather G Allore, Molly J Horstman","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aims to identify patterns of caregiving intensity and assess associations between caregiving intensity and multidimensional physical health indicators and health behaviors among spousal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using data from 152 spousal caregivers aged 65 and older, the intensity of their caregiving experience was measured as the number and frequency of health- and medical-related helping activities for their care recipient. Multidimensional health indicators included self-reported fatigue, sleep disturbance, physical functioning, pain interference, general health, and the number of chronic conditions from the electronic health records. Self-reported health promotion behaviors were assessed as health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relations, and stress management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two distinct caregiving intensity patterns, high-intensity (37.5%) and low-intensity (62.5%) caregiving, were identified with cluster analysis. Caregivers in the high-intensity caregiving cluster reported feeling more tired (<i>t</i> = 2.25, <i>p</i> < .05), experiencing more sleep disturbance (<i>t</i> = 3.06, <i>p</i> < .01), and performing less physical activity (<i>t</i> = 2.05, <i>p</i> < .05) compared with caregivers in the low-intensity group.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Future studies are needed to develop effective interventions to address caregiving intensity and its consequences on the health of spousal caregivers of persons with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10960627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Trajectories Among Older Adults.","authors":"Rabia Khalaila, Christina Dintica, Kristine Yaffe","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Prior studies on cognitive reserve (CR) and cognitive trajectories are limited and have had conflicting results. Furthermore, most studies have used a single measure of CR that may not reflect a comprehensive exposure. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of individual and composite CR measures on cognitive decline over a 6-year period.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We studied 55,340 participants from 16 European countries, aged 50 and older, who participated in the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe. We used cognitive measures (including immediate memory, delayed memory, verbal fluency, and numeracy) and 3 CR factors (education, occupation, and cognitive activities) collected in 4 waves from 2011 to 2017. Structural equation modeling was used to construct the composite CR score, analyzed as tertile. Linear mixed-effect models were used to examine the study aims.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, the highest composite CR tertile was associated with a higher cognition score than the middle and lowest CR tertiles (β: -0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.29 to -0.26; β: -0.71, 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.70, respectively), as well as for all individual cognitive domains. At longitudinal results, compared with the lowest CR, the highest but not the middle CR tertile demonstrated a slower 6-year decline in global cognition (β: -0.02, 95 % CI: -0.03 to -0.01), as well as in all cognitive domains (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>A composite CR could be a protective factor for cognitive performance and cognitive decline, and it is more sensitive and inclusive than an individual CR indicator alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 2","pages":"igae014"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: CIVIC ENGAGEMENT AMONG OLDER MIGRANTS IN EUROPE: EXAMPLES FROM FOUR EUROPEAN COUNTRIES.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.1676.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 1","pages":"igae008"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139729600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Old Age Pension Eligibility on Alcohol Consumption: Evidence From a Population-Based Study in Rural South Africa.","authors":"Janet Jock, Erika T Beidelman, Lindsay C Kobayashi, Stephen Tollman, Meredith Phillips, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson Kabudula, Molly Rosenberg","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igad136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Alcohol causes more than 3 million deaths a year globally and contributes to over 5% of global disease and injury. Heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders among older adults have increased in the last 10-15 years. For individuals living in low-income countries, where wages are low and unemployment is high, old age pensions may provide a significant increase in household income. In turn, the receipt of supplementary income may increase spending on alcohol. Earlier life factors and socioeconomic status may affect alcohol consumption, making it difficult to directly assess the impact of income on alcohol consumption. This study reduces the potential for endogeneity with other life factors by exploiting an exogenous increase in income from old age pensions to isolate the impact of extra income on alcohol consumption for older adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We used a regression discontinuity design to assess changes in drinking patterns among rural, low-income adults who were 3 years below and 3 years above South Africa's Old Age Pension Grant eligibility threshold (age 60). We assessed this relationship separately by gender and for employed and unemployed individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significantly increased alcohol use associated with the Old Age Pension Grant eligibility for employed men (β = 4.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.72-12.14). We did not observe this same trend for unemployed men or for women.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>The analysis in this study indicates that increased income from reaching the pension eligibility age may contribute to an increase in alcohol consumption for employed men. Interventions, such as informational campaigns on the risks of alcohol consumption for older adults or age-appropriate health interventions to help individuals reduce alcohol consumption, targeted around the time of pension eligibility age for employed men may help to reduce alcohol-related harms in low-income, rural sub-Saharan African settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 4","pages":"igad136"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11020216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Residential Area Characteristics and Political Group Participation on Depression Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Results of an 11-Year Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Yu-Chun Lin, Huang-Ting Yan","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The claim that political group attendance is associated with poor mental health among older adults may be conditioned on geographic conditions. This study examined the geographical context in which political group participation may be associated with depression.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The 11-year follow-up data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging, covering 5,334 persons aged ≥50 years, were analyzed using random-effects panel logit models. Depression was assessed using 10 items on the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Participants were asked to indicate whether they belonged to different social groups. We modeled depression as a function of political group participation (the independent variable) and geographical region (moderators), adjusting for individual-level characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents in political groups were more likely to report depression than those in nonpolitical groups (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34-2.68). Between urban and rural settlements, there were no statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes among older adults engaged in political groups (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI = 0.81-3.67). For those who remained politically engaged, living in areas with lower levels of electoral competition was associated with a lower likelihood of depression (AOR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.98); this conditional effect was not prevalent among those who were solely engaged in nonpolitical groups (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.99-1.03).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Political group participation is associated with poor mental health among older adults living in politically competitive regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 2","pages":"igae004"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10902823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}