Innovation in Aging最新文献

{"title":"A research agenda for aging and climate change: recommendations from a research-to-practice consensus workshop.","authors":"Karl Pillemer, Chloe Shores, Timothy J Mateer, Nancy M Wells, Matthew Luebke, Maeve Givens, Andrea Cianfrani, Allison Nickerson, Emily A Gadbois, Mark S Lachs","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although climate change poses disproportionate health risks to older adults, studies addressing this critical problem remain scarce and fragmented. As research on the intersection of population aging and climate change effects is increasing, guidance is needed regarding key research priorities for the field. To inform future inquiry, a research-to-practice consensus workshop was convened with 44 multidisciplinary participants, including researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Using structured small-group discussions and an established priority-setting process, participants critiqued existing research, identified knowledge gaps, and achieved consensus on a research agenda for aging and climate change. Fourteen research priorities included quantifying economic impacts of climate change on older populations, developing evidence-based climate communication strategies, and addressing program access barriers. Additional priorities encompassed healthcare integration, emergency protocols, and disparities research. These findings provide a practice-driven, evidence-informed framework for prioritizing research topics, intervention development, and funding priorities addressing the intersection of aging and climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 9","pages":"igag068"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who cares and who pays? Financial sources and care preferences among older adults in China.","authors":"Shibei Ni, Xiaorui Cheng","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>China's rapid population aging challenges traditional family-based care arrangements. This study examines heterogeneity in home-based care preferences by assessing how financial support sources, number of children, and children's gender composition are associated with care preferences among older adults in Southwestern China.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the 2023 Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle Social Dynamics Survey. The analytic sample included 1,812 adults aged 50 years and older with children. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated associations between financial resources, family structure, and 4 care preference categories: self/spousal home care, child-provided home care, mixed family care at home, and other arrangements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Financial reliance patterns were strongly associated with care preferences. Dependence on adult children for financial support was associated with a higher likelihood of preferring child-provided care, with this association stronger among women than men. Children's gender composition was not significantly associated with care preferences. Larger family size (four or more children) was associated with mixed family care preferences.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>These findings suggest that financial resources may play a more prominent role than children's gender in shaping care preferences in this population. Women's greater reliance on children is consistent with gendered economic disadvantage in later life. Policies that strengthen pension adequacy and support diverse home-based care arrangements may help address evolving care needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 9","pages":"igag066"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of chronic pain with suicidality in hospitalized patients with dementia: a retrospective study of the U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2016-2020.","authors":"Jocelyn Yong Huan, Peng Fan, Kai-Dih Juang","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Chronic pain is common in older adults and is associated with psychological distress, including suicidality. In patients with dementia, impaired cognitive and communication may further increase vulnerability. This study aimed to investigate associations between chronic pain and suicidality in hospitalized patients with dementia.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This population-based, retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed hospitalizations of patients aged ≥60 years with dementia between 2016 and 2020, extracted from the U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Chronic pain, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideations were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth edition-CM diagnostic codes. Propensity score matching (1:4) was performed to balance baseline characteristics, including age, sex, race, dementia type, and major comorbidities. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified analyses were conducted by age, dementia type, sex, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), race, and insurance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching, 29,185 hospitalized patients with dementia were analyzed (5,837 with chronic pain; 23,348 without). Chronic pain was significantly associated with higher odds of suicidal ideations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30-1.71, <i>p</i> < .001) and suicide attempt (aOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.08-3.76, <i>p</i> = .028). Stronger associations were observed among patients aged 60-69 years, those with CCI ≥ 1, without Medicare/Medicaid. Only 16 suicide attempts occurred in the chronic pain group, limiting statistical precision.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Chronic pain is associated with increased suicidality in hospitalized older patients with dementia. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag061"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older people's experiences of and reactions to ageism.","authors":"Nancy Morrow-Howell, Aaron C Li, Natalie Galucia, Brian D Carpenter","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>There is substantial literature documenting the pervasiveness and harmfulness of ageism to older adults and society. Anti-ageism interventions are being developed and evaluated. However, most interventions target younger people and service providers, not older adults themselves. In this study, we aim to build knowledge about how older people understand, experience, and react to ageism with the goal of advancing anti-ageism interventions.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We conducted 9 focus groups with 58 people who were 60 years of age or older. Participants were 64% female, 64% Caucasian, and 33% African American. The modal age group was 75 to 79 years. A thematic content analysis was used to identify themes and representative quotes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5 themes emerged. Not all older people are familiar with the concept of ageism, and some report they have not experienced it. Once primed, most participants could identify experiences of interpersonal ageism in employment, health care, media, families, and community settings, like stores and restaurants. Internalized ageism was less familiar to participants. Reaction to these experiences depended on the circumstances, and reactions ranged from doing nothing to making complaints. Participants generated suggestions for potential interventions.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Focus group participants recognized experiences of interpersonal ageism and had ideas about how to confront it. They had a harder time understanding and giving examples of internalized ageism. Increasing awareness and building skills to respond to interpersonal and internalized ageism emerged as a priority in intervention development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag062"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A community-based model for multimodal brain-health screening and Alzheimer's disease and related dementia risk prediction in mid-sized cities and surrounding rural communities: a mixed-methods evaluation.","authors":"Amy M Kemp","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Rural adults (those residing in nonmetropolitan counties) face persistent barriers to brain-health assessment that may help prevent or delay cognitive decline. This study reports protocol and pilot feasibility findings from year 1 of a 3-year longitudinal project evaluating Building a Rural Aging and Intervention Network: Factors that Impact Trajectories (BRAIN-FIT), a community-embedded program to improve access to multidomain screening and awareness of modifiable dementia risk factors.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using a mixed-methods design, 119 adults aged 45 or older completed a single-day interdisciplinary screening incorporating clinical-standard measures (cardiovascular, physical, lifestyle, social-emotional, sensory, cognitive, and speech-language health), followed by individualized-results review. 63 participants completed a 4-week post-event behavior change evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BRAIN-FIT, delivered across 7 community sites in 3 cities through 18 events, enrolled 163 adults (aged 46-95; <i>M </i>= 67.5) with socioeconomic and clinical heterogeneity. Engagement was strong: 119 consented to longitudinal participation, 95% completed all stations and rated the program highly feasible (3.7-4.4 out of 5). Screening identified prevalent modifiable risk factors: elevated cardiometabolic indicators, reduced physical endurance, sleep disturbance, and sensory impairment. Cognitive and language performance remained largely within functional limits, suggesting engagement during a preventive window.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Community-embedded multimodal screening appears to be a viable program for identifying actionable brain-health risk prior to substantial decline. By reaching diverse adults outside traditional care pathways, BRAIN-FIT advances a pragmatic population-health approach to dementia prevention. Longitudinal follow-up will evaluate sustained behavior change, strengthen referral integration, and inform hybrid effectiveness-implementation trials to promote healthier aging trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag060"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of visuospatial impairment in older adults: the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.","authors":"Rogan G Magee, Yang Li, Michael J Rovine, Victoria S Pelak, Ali G Hamedani","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of visuospatial impairment in a nationally representative sample of older adults and identify self- and informant-reported functional measures associated with visuospatial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 3496 participants aged ≥65 years in the 2016 Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP), a sub-study of the Health and Retirement Study. Visuospatial function was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease constructional praxis and Mini Mental State Examination pentagon copy tasks. Impairment was defined as a factor score >1.5 SDs below expected relative to a robust normative sample. Cognitive status was classified by HCAP as normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia. Logistic regression models examined associations between visuospatial impairment and functional outcomes, adjusting for demographic, health, and general cognitive factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visuospatial impairment was present in 435 participants (11.33%). Among these, 49.85% had MCI, and 39.97% had dementia. Over half of those with MCI and visuospatial impairment had no other cognitive domain affected. Visuospatial impairment was associated with increased odds of self-reported visual difficulty (OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.20-2.15), difficulty using a map (OR 3.35, 95% CI: 2.35-4.80), and informant-reported navigation difficulties, including getting lost at home (OR 17.30, 95% CI: 8.02-37.31). Associations with driving, map use, and getting lost at home remained significant after adjusting for general cognition.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Visuospatial impairment is common among older adults, frequently occurs in isolation in MCI, and is strongly associated with functional limitations, particularly in navigation and driving.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag059"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mysterious cohabitation with socially assistive robots among three underserved groups.","authors":"Othelia EunKyoung Lee, Sojeong Baek, Do-Hyung Park","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study investigates how underserved individuals-older adults, low-income middle-aged men, and adults with disabilities-develop long-term relationships with an AI-powered socially assistive robot (SAR) named Hyodol. We examined how these relationships evolve over eight months and why emotional outcomes differ across three groups.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using Colaizzi's phenomenological method, the research team analyzed 13,403 conversational segments from 12 highly engaged SAR users (four from each group). Iterative coding procedures with high inter-rater reliability yielded 10 thematic categories capturing functional, social, and emotional dimensions of SAR interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all groups, interactions with the SAR demonstrated a consistent relational evolution from functional devices to companions to develop emotionally reciprocal patterns of communication. Each group displayed a distinct interaction profile: older adults emphasized routine companionship, middle-aged men combined emotional expression with entertainment and exploratory questioning, and persons with disabilities used the SAR to scaffold both emotional support and social participation.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>The results reveal that human-robot relationships develop meaningfully, but not uniformly across three underserved groups. The paradox observed among middle-aged men challenges assumptions that higher engagement and relational deepening may heighten emotional vulnerability. These findings highlight the need for population-specific relational models and adaptive SAR design that considers diverse emotional needs and social contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag057"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148420782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training that sticks: sustaining knowledge and communication excellence in geriatric oncology through a multidisciplinary training program.","authors":"Patricia A Parker, Koshy Alexander, Smita C Banerjee, Yesne Alici, Christian Nelson, Elizabeth Schofield, Nessa Coyle, Andrew J Roth, Ruth Manna, Javier Gonzalez, Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The number of older adults with cancer, those who require complex needs and care, continues to increase. With limited learning opportunities, the healthcare workforce is unprepared to meet this growing need. This study examined the long-term impact of Geriatric Oncology: Cognition and Communication (Geri Onc CC), a multidisciplinary program developed and implemented to address this gap in care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multidisciplinary healthcare providers (HCPs) were recruited from across the United States and internationally to participate virtually or in person at a comprehensive cancer center in the Northeast United States. The program included education about geriatric syndromes, unique and complex issues related to older adults with cancer, and tailored communication strategies. Knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy were assessed pre- and post-training and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Skill utilization and implementation practices were evaluated at 6- and 12-month follow-ups only.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>282 HCPs participated. Initial gains in knowledge and self-efficacy were maintained at both 6 and 12 months post-training (<i>p</i> values <.01). More than 70% indicated using all skill categories \"somewhat more\" or \"much more\" at both follow-up periods. Most HCPs implemented changes in their clinical practice, teaching, and/or research based on what they learned.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Geri Onc CC has demonstrated a sustained, positive impact in many areas, including knowledge and self-efficacy. It also led to greater usage of the skills learned and changes in clinical care, teaching, and research. The program addresses a critical gap in education and training of the workforce caring for older adults with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13329067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing healthcare smartwatch adoption among older adults: perceptual affordance-based design recommendations for video demonstrations.","authors":"Hyo Jun Yang, Yu-Won Youn, Garyoung Kim, Ji-Hyun Lee","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Visual demonstrations play an important role in supporting older adults' adoption of wearable healthcare technologies, but how they shape acceptance remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify the most suitable demonstration format for further investigation and, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, examine how its features supported adoption.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, Phase 1 involved a repeated-measures crossover survey (<i>N </i>= 62) comparing written, PowerPoint, video, and live demonstrations of smartwatch functions to guide the qualitative phase. Phase 2 involved semi-structured interviews (<i>N </i>= 16) to explore how video demonstrations, the highest-scoring format, activated 4 perceptual affordances-visibility, recordability, verifiability, and comparability. Transcripts were coded by UTAUT construct and affordance, followed by thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase 1 results showed that all enhanced demonstrations scored higher than the written baseline, with video achieving the highest descriptive means across UTAUT constructs. Phase 2 thematic analysis revealed three patterns: \"Seeing Is Believing\" described how clarity and visual verification fostered trust; \"Finding Myself in the Demonstration\" emphasized age-appropriate representation and contextual relevance; and \"Perceived Family Approval in Technology Adoption\" highlighted family validation and support as central to acceptance.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Contextual video segments were most effective for performance expectancy and social influence, whereas instructional close-ups often heightened perceived complexity, shaping effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. These findings informed 5 design recommendations: balance close-ups with contextual views, provide clear visual feedback, feature age-appropriate demonstrators, embed daily-life scenarios, and include family interactions to strengthen acceptance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag047"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13329077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive trajectories of older adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic and psychological disparities in the Lc65+ cohort.","authors":"Philippe Voruz, Anthony Nuber-Champier, Yves Henchoz, Gilles Allali, Frederic Assal, Julie A Péron","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and related confinement measures have exacerbated health inequalities and posed unique challenges to cognitive aging. This study examined longitudinal changes in cognitive performance and associated factors before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, using data from the Swiss Lc65+ aging study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included participants with complete data across 3 assessment waves (2016-2024): 412 participants from Cohort 1 (born 1934-1938), 702 from Cohort 2 (born 1939-1943), and 826 from Cohort 3 (born 1944-1948), with women representing 58%-63% of each cohort. Cognitive performance was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate changes in cognition and associations with socioeconomic, psychological, behavioral, and nutritional indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant declines in MMSE scores were observed over time in Cohorts 1 and 2 (<i>p</i> < .001), with a smaller but significant reduction in Cohort 3. The prevalence of global cognitive efficiency deficits increased notably in Cohort 1 (16.5%-30.6%) and to a lesser extent in Cohort 2, while remaining stable in Cohort 3. Financial assistance for health insurance was associated with cognitive outcomes in several models, although the direction of this association varied across cohorts. Increases in anxiety and apathy were also observed, particularly following the COVID-19 confinement period.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic and confinement period coincided with accelerated cognitive decline and heightened socioeconomic vulnerability among older adults, particularly in the oldest cohort. Results highlight the need for multidimensional public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 8","pages":"igag055"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13342715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148411933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}