Innovation in Aging最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Dual-Language Touch-Screen Intervention to Slow Down Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Wei Quin Yow, Ka Lon Sou, Alina Clarise Wong","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Bilingualism has been suggested to protect older adults from cognitive aging and delay the onset of dementia. However, no studies have systematically explored bilingual usage as a tool to mitigate age-related cognitive decline. We developed the Dual-Language Intervention in Semantic memory-Computerized (DISC), a novel cognitive training program with three training tasks (object categorization, verbal fluency, and utility of things) designed specifically for older adults that featured two modes: single-language (SL) exposure mode and dual-language (DL) exposure mode.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The final sample included 50 cognitively healthy (CH; 33 female, <i>M</i> _age = 72.93 years, range = 53.08-87.43 years) and 48 cognitively impaired (CI; 35 female, <i>M</i> _age = 80.93 years, range = 62.31-96.67 years) older adults, randomly assigned them into one of three groups: SL group, DL group, and control group (no training). Participants in SL and DL groups used DISC in either SL mode (i.e., training instructions were spoken in only one language throughout the entire training) or DL mode (i.e., training instructions alternated between two languages), respectively, for 24 sessions. Participants in the control group were asked to continue with their normal daily activities (e.g., playing bingo and reading newspapers).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For CH older adults, we found significant improvements in the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) Trial 5 score and the Clock Drawing Test score in the DL group but not in the SL and control groups posttraining compared with pretraining. For CI older adults, there was a delayed improvement in the RAVLT Trial 1, six months later.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Our findings provided novel evidence that implementing DL cognitive training benefits CH older adult's late verbal learning and visuospatial construction skills, and a delayed improvement in CI older adults' early verbal learning abilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 7","pages":"igae052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Factors Associated With Longitudinal Patterns of Hearing Aid Use.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae011.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 5","pages":"igae045"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11110610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141079986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-Child Relationship Typologies and Associated Health Status Among Older Adults in the United States and China: A Cross-Cultural Comparison.","authors":"Dexia Kong, Peiyi Lu, Bei Wu, Merril Silverstein","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Cultural differences in intergenerational relationships have been well established in prior research. However, cross-national comparison evidence on the parent-child relationship and its health implications remains limited.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Data from the 2014 U.S. Health and Retirement Study and the 2015 Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in China were used (<i>N</i> _{US, non-Hispanic Whites only} = 3,918; <i>N</i> _China = 4,058). Relationship indicators included coresidence, living nearby, having weekly contact, receiving assistance with daily activities, providing grandchild care, and financial transfer to/from children. Latent class and regression analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four classes were identified for non-Hispanic White older Americans: (1) distant and uninvolved (6.58%), (2) geographically proximate with frequent contact and downward support (47.04%), (3) coresident with frequent contact and upward support (13.1%), and (4) geographically proximate with frequent contact (33.28%). Three classes were identified among older Chinese: (1) coresident with frequent contact and upward support (37.46%), (2) coresident/interdependent (25.65%), and (3) geographically proximate with frequent contact and upward financial support (36.89%). For non-Hispanic White older Americans, providing downward support was associated with fewer functional limitations and better cognition. Receiving instrumental support from children was associated with more depressive symptoms, more functional limitations, and poorer cognition among older Chinese.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Cultural contrasts were evident in parent-child relationship typologies and their health implications. Compared to the U.S. non-Hispanic Whites, parent-child relationships in China tended to be closer and associated with poorer health status. The findings call for culturally relevant strategies to improve parent-child relationships and ultimately promote the health of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 6","pages":"igae050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Social Networks Types and Their Effects on Caregiving Experience of Family Caregivers for Individuals With Dementia: A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Jun Wang, Weichu Liu, Xuelian Li, Yingzhuo Ma, Qinghua Zhao, Yang Lü, Mingzhao Xiao","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Social networks are crucial to personal health, particularly among caregivers of individuals with dementia; however, different types of social networks among caregivers of those with dementia and how these differences are associated with caregiver burden and positive appraisal, remain underexamined. This study aims to depict dementia caregivers' social network types, related factors, and impact on caregiving experiences.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A questionnaire-based survey was conducted with a total of 237 family caregivers of individuals with dementia nested additional semistructured interviews conducted with 14 caregivers in Chongqing, China. A quantitative study was designed to collect data on personal and situational information, social networks, caregiver burden, and positive aspects of caregiving. Qualitative data were collected via semistructured interviews. Latent class analysis and multivariate regression analyses were applied to quantitative data, and inductive content analysis to qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 3 social network types-family-limited (<i>n</i> = 39, 16.46%), family-dominant (<i>n</i> = 99, 41.77%), and diverse network (<i>n</i> = 99, 41.77%)-differed in age and sex of caregivers and individuals with dementia, stage of dementia, and caregiving intensity. Caregivers in family-dominant networks had a lower caregiver burden (β= -0.299, <i>p</i> = .003) and greater positive aspects of caregiving (β= 0.228, <i>p</i> = .021) than those in family-limited networks. Three themes-accessibility, reciprocity, and reliance-emerged as facilitators and barriers when asking for support. Caregivers frequently cited the perception of economic, practical, and emotional support, yet reported a lack of adequate formal support from healthcare providers.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implication: </strong>Family caregivers of individuals with dementia have different social network types that vary considerably among sociocultural contexts and perceive various types of support from social networks. Solid family networks and diverse social networks are contributors to long-term dementia care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 6","pages":"igae040"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Efficacy of Time for Living and Caring: An Online Intervention to Support Dementia Caregivers' Use of Respite.","authors":"Eli Iacob, Michael Caserta, Gary Donaldson, Catharine Sparks, Alexandra Terrill, Amber Thompson, Bob Wong, Rebecca L Utz","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Respite, defined as time away from caregiving, is the most requested type of caregiver support. Time for Living and Caring (TLC) is a virtual coaching \"app\" that helps caregivers schedule and plan their respite time-use. The objectives of this analysis are: (1) to assess the efficacy of the TLC intervention on respite time-use and on caregiver well-being and (2) to identify the key features of the intervention that serve as the likely mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A sample of dementia caregivers (<i>n</i> = 163, 79% female, 84% White, 6% Hispanic, average age 62) were randomized into one of two intervention delivery methods. Intervention efficacy was evaluated using pre/post-comparisons of respite time-use and an additive \"dosing\" model that estimated unique parameters associated with the exposure to each specific intervention component.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both immediate and delayed-attention groups reported increased respite time. They also improved in their ability to plan and perceive benefit from their respite time-use over the 16-week intervention period. At 8 weeks, the immediate group did not change in anxiety, whereas the delayed group worsened (<i>p</i> < .001). At 16 weeks, the groups were similar in their anxiety levels. By the 20-week follow-up period, when neither group had access to TLC, both experienced an increase in anxiety.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>TLC is a promising intervention that may support caregivers' well-being, by helping them schedule and plan their respite to maximize its benefit. The provision of weekly coaching seems to be the intervention component (mechanism) associated with caregiver outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT03689179.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 5","pages":"igae043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: <i>Sankofa</i>: Learning From the Past to Build the Future-Introduction to the Special Issue on Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae031.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 5","pages":"igae041"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11046978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.1771.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.2432.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.2578.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae032"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10980973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Depression Symptom Burden and Delirium Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Arlen Gaba, Peng Li, Xi Zheng, Chenlu Gao, Ruixue Cai, Kun Hu, Lei Gao","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Delirium and depression are prevalent in aging. There is considerable clinical overlap, including shared symptoms and comorbid conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, functional decline, and mortality. Despite this, the long-term relationship between depression and delirium remains unclear. This study assessed the associations of depression symptom burden and its trajectory with delirium risk in a 12-year prospective study of older hospitalized individuals.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A total of 319 141 UK Biobank participants between 2006 and 2010 (mean age 58 years [range 37-74, <i>SD</i> = 8], 54% women) reported frequency (0-3) of 4 depressive symptoms (mood, disinterest, tenseness, or lethargy) in the preceding 2 weeks prior to initial assessment visit and aggregated into a depressive symptom burden score (0-12). New-onset delirium was obtained from hospitalization records during 12 years of median follow-up. 40 451 (mean age 57 ± 8; range 40-74 years) had repeat assessment on average 8 years after their first visit. Cox proportional hazard models examined whether depression symptom burden and trajectory predicted incident delirium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5 753 (15 per 1 000) newly developed delirium during follow-up. Increased risk for delirium was seen for mild (aggregated scores 1-2, hazards ratio, HR = 1.16, [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.25], <i>p</i> < .001), modest (scores 3-5, 1.30 [CI: 1.19-1.43], <i>p</i> < .001), and severe (scores ≥ 5, 1.38 [CI: 1.24-1.55], <i>p</i> < .001) depressive symptoms, versus none in the fully adjusted model. These findings were independent of the number of hospitalizations and consistent across settings (eg, surgical, medical, or critical care) and specialty (eg, neuropsychiatric, cardiorespiratory, or other). Worsening depression symptoms (≥1 point increase), compared to no change/improved score, were associated with an additional 39% increased risk (1.39 [1.03-1.88], <i>p</i> = .03) independent of baseline depression burden. The association was strongest in those over 65 years at baseline (<i>p</i> for interaction <.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Depression symptom burden and worsening trajectory predicted delirium risk during hospitalization. Increased awareness of subclinical depression symptoms may aid delirium prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 5","pages":"igae029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11041407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: COMPARISON OF STEREOLOGY METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGE-RELATED EFFECTS ON IMMUNOSTAINED BRAIN CELLS.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.2232.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 2","pages":"igae027"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifiable Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States.","authors":"Tiffany B Kindratt, Laura B Zahodne, Kristine J Ajrouch, Florence J Dallo","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igae025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Modifiable risk factors across the life course play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Studies have identified racial and ethnic disparities in ADRD risk factors. Few studies have explored the epidemiology of ADRD risk among Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Americans, largely due to their classification as White in US national health surveys. Our aim was to estimate ADRD risk factors among MENA immigrants compared to US- and foreign-born non-Hispanic White adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We linked cross-sectional 2000-2017 National Health Interview Survey and 2001-2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (<i>N</i> = 108 695; age ≥ 18 years). Modifiable risk factors for ADRD that were evaluated (yes or no) included less than ninth grade education, hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, hypertension, alcohol use, obesity, smoking, depressive symptoms, marital status, physical inactivity, and diabetes. Bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were conducted. Regression models were adjusted by age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to US-born White adults, MENA immigrants had higher odds of reporting less than 9th grade education (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.17-3.21) and psychological health concerns (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.06-1.56). Compared to foreign-born White adults, MENA immigrants had higher odds of diabetes (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.06-2.08) and psychological health concerns (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.01-1.54).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>The findings provide the first comprehensive look at potentially modifiable risk factors for ADRD among MENA immigrants based on a life course model. Without a racial/ethnic identifier for MENA individuals on a national level, ADRD risk factors among US-born MENA adults and MENA immigrants cannot be examined. More research is needed to explore these risk factors by life stage (early, midlife, and late) to further determine ADRD risk and prevention strategies for MENA Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"8 3","pages":"igae025"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10960626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}