Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses最新文献

{"title":"Emergence and Rapid Spread of a New Reassortant High Pathogenicity H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Avian Influenza Virus in Nigeria.","authors":"Clement Meseko, Bianca Zecchin, Emilie Wolali Go-Maro, Marta Dianati, Nicodemus Mkpuma, Bitrus Inuwa, Judith Bakam, Kayode Olawuyi, Dorcas Gado, Edoardo Giussani, Alice Fusaro, Alessio Bortolami, Elisa Palumbo, Calogero Terregino, Isabella Monne","doi":"10.1111/irv.70260","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past two decades, West Africa has experienced recurrent incursions of Goose/Guangdong-lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1), with Nigeria as a hotspot for repeated introductions and sustained circulation. Since 2021, European-origin clade 2.3.4.4b H5Nx genotypes, particularly EA-2020-C, have predominated in regional poultry. Here, we report the emergence and rapid spread in Nigeria, and West Africa, of a new clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 genotype, designated EA-2024-DV, marking a major shift in the circulating virus population. These findings underscore the region's ongoing vulnerability to novel introductions and highlight the need for sustained surveillance across migratory bird routes and poultry production networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Asymptomatic Rhinovirus Infections Contribute to the Sustained Prevalence in Adults and Are Not Mitigated by Nonpharmaceutical Interventions.","authors":"Dong Wei, Wei Tan, Chenyue Tang, Weihui Ma, Yulong Li, Zhitao Yang, Xinxin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/irv.70267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rhinovirus (RV) is a common respiratory virus, but asymptomatic RV infections in adults still require further investigation. Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for COVID-19 markedly reduced other respiratory viruses, yet RV circulation appeared to persist. We describe the epidemiology of asymptomatic and symptomatic adult RV infections in Shanghai across periods with and without strict NPIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective, hospital-based repeated cross-sectional study at a large hospital in Shanghai over two epidemic cycles (March 2021 to February 2022 and June 2023 to May 2024). Adults undergoing routine SARS-CoV-2 screening (asymptomatic group) and hospitalized adults with respiratory symptoms (symptomatic group) were systematically sampled. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by RT-PCR, and RV-positive samples underwent genotyping and quantitative viral load assessment. Clinical characteristics, co-/secondary infections, and age-specific patterns were compared using χ² tests and nonparametric tests, and associations between RV prevalence and climate variables were evaluated using correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 89,571 adults, 865 RV infections were identified. Asymptomatic RV detection remained low and similar during and after strict NPIs (0.68% vs. 0.56%). Adults aged 18-59 years had higher asymptomatic infection rates than those ≥ 60 years (0.68% vs. 0.55%, p = 0.022). RV-A predominated, while RV-C was associated with higher viral loads and more frequent symptoms. Total monthly rainfall showed the strongest negative correlation with asymptomatic RV prevalence (r = -0.418, p = 0.042). Symptomatic cases had higher co-infection rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persistent asymptomatic RV infections in young and middle-aged adults were unaffected by NPIs. Older adults were more often symptomatic and experienced more frequent co-infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13239117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Influenza and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Introduction of an Influenza Vaccination Programme Among Older Adults in India.","authors":"Anand Krishnan, Aslesh Ottapura Prabhakaran, Kusum Shekhawat, Ismael R Ortega-Sanchez, Rakesh Kumar, Ritvik Amarchand, Prabu Rajkumar, Suman Kanungo, Sumit Dutt Bhardwaj, Giridara Gopal, Girish Kumar Chethrapilly Purushothaman, Varsha Potdar, Alok Kumar Chakrabarti, Radhika Gharpure, Avinash Choudekar, Kathryn E Lafond, Lalit Dar, Siddhartha Saha, Kathrine R Tan, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner","doi":"10.1111/irv.70264","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In India, no publicly funded seasonal influenza immunization is ongoing, partly because cost-effectiveness is yet to be established. We estimate the cost-effectiveness and budgetary impact of introducing seasonal influenza vaccination among adults aged ≥ 60 years in India, a known high-risk group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Estimates of disease burden including disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were generated from 3-year community cohorts and hospital-based study set up at four sites to estimate incidence of symptomatic acute respiratory infections (ARI), health care utilization, costs and outcomes and applied to India's 2021 estimated population. We used a decision analysis model from an abridged societal perspective for implementation of an inactivated trivalent influenza vaccination programme for older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) using either facility-based or outreach-based approaches. We estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per DALY averted and used India's per capita gross domestic product of US$ 2238 for 2021 as the cost-effectiveness threshold. We performed deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. We also estimated ICER for immunizing all those above 65 years or with comorbidities. Using financial cost of the vaccination programme and the direct medical cost of disease averted we estimated its budgetary impact.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, older adults in India had 5.3 (95% CI: 3.6-7.7) million influenza-ARIs resulting in 36,149 (95% CI: 30,076-43,268) hospitalizations and 84,613 (95% CI: 39,895-155,454) deaths. It amounted to a total of 974,019 DALYs and US$ 66.6 million. As compared with no vaccination, facility-based and outreach-based influenza vaccination had an ICER of US$1979 and US$1851, respectively, below the cost-effectiveness threshold. In all sensitivity and scenario analyses, ICER estimates were below the threshold and vaccinating those above 60 years with specified comorbidities using a passive approach was found to be most cost-effective with least budgetary impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Annually vaccinating older adults against influenza was found to be cost-effective in the majority of scenarios considered in the study. Given the budgetary implication, it might be prudent to focus on those with co-morbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"The Development of Global Genomic Surveillance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Insights From 25 Project Countries, 2019-2023\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/irv.70265","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147963646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imported SARS-CoV-2 Infections at N'djili International Airport in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: An Epidemiological and Genomic Analysis.","authors":"Agar Mpwo Matalatala, Bive Bive Zono, Trésor Mampuela Kabeya, Héritier Kabenge Motemankele, Doudou Malekita Yobi, Elisabeth Simbu Pukuta, Placide Kingebeni Mbala, Georges Lelo Mvumbi","doi":"10.1111/irv.70259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, international border restrictions, along with traveler screening and quarantine, were implemented to limit virus spread. This study analyzes the epidemiological and genomic profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infections imported into Kinshasa (DRC) during the restrictions period in 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the national response to the pandemic, self-reported demographic and clinical data were collected from travelers entering the DRC via N'djili-Kinshasa International Airport. SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed using RT-PCR, and positive samples were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS) to determine variant types and viral lineages. The impact of the virus's genomic profile on the clinical presentation of travelers and on the COVID-19 epidemiology in the DRC was then assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 102,810 included travelers, 1037 (1.0%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and reported significantly more nausea, diarrhea, and weight loss than uninfected travelers (p < 0.001). SARS-Cov-2-infected travelers were predominantly under 43 years old (p < 0.001) and primarily from France (24.8%) and Belgium (19.5%). Of the 105 WGS analyzed, 86 (81.9%) were variants of concern (VOCs), 14 (13.3%) were variants under monitoring (VUM), and the main genomic lineages identified were Delta-B.1.617.2 (24.8%), Alpha-B.1.1.7 (10.5%), Delta-AY.122 (7.6%), and B.1.620 (5.7%). The Delta-VOC was the most prevalent among positive travelers (61/86) and appeared to cause more symptomatic infections than non-Delta variants, although one-third of positive travelers reported no symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 importation into Kinshasa (DRC) mirrored global variant circulation patterns at the study's time. This genomic landscape was consistent with in-country clinical observations, emphasizing the importance of robust border surveillance and adaptive public health strategies during pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines in Italy in the 2024/2025 Season: A Nationwide, Test-Negative Design Study Based on Surveillance Records.","authors":"Daniel Cifo, Alberto Mateo-Urdiales, Simona Puzelli, Marzia Facchini, Sara Piacentini, Emanuela Giombini, Benedetta Bellini, Massimo Fabiani, Patrizio Pezzotti, Paola Stefanelli, Anna Teresa Palamara, Antonino Bella","doi":"10.1111/irv.70252","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2024/2025 influenza season in Italy was characterised by cocirculation of influenza A and B viruses. Monitoring influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) remains essential to guide public health policy due to antigenic shifts and varying strain circulation. In this study, we aimed to estimate IVE in primary care and hospital settings during the 2024/2025 season in Italy. A nationwide test-negative control design was used. Data were collected from the RespiVirNet surveillance system, encompassing both primary care and hospital settings. A total of 8842 participants were included in the primary care analysis and 2492 in the hospital analysis. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness (aVE) against any influenza virus was 69.0% (95% CI: 60.4%-75.9%) in primary care and 62.3% (95% CI: 45.9%-74.2%) in hospital settings. Effectiveness was highest among individuals under 18 years and decreased with age. Influenza B showed the highest aVE (83.6% in primary care; 95.0% in hospital settings), particularly among younger individuals. aVE for influenza A subtypes was lower, with A H1N1pdm09 (54.0% in primary care; 63.8% in hospital) and A H3N2 (60.1% in primary care; 45.5% in hospital) showing moderate effectiveness. The results suggest that influenza vaccines were effective in preventing medically attended influenza disease, both in primary care and hospital settings. These findings provide valuable insights for public health planning and vaccine policy in Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":"e70252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148094720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148094721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}