Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses最新文献

{"title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Incidence in Young Children in the United States: Impact of Methodologies and Patient Characteristics","authors":"Sabina O. Nduaguba,&nbsp;Phuong T. Tran,&nbsp;Renata Shih,&nbsp;Lyn Finelli,&nbsp;Yoonyoung Choi,&nbsp;Yanning Wang,&nbsp;Almut G. Winterstein","doi":"10.1111/irv.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to estimate the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in US inpatient and outpatient settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We established national cohorts of privately insured children &lt; 5 years (2011–2019) to estimate annual and seasonal incidences of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), RSV-LRTI, and RSV acute respiratory infection (RSV-ARI), stratified by age and high-risk conditions per American Academy of Pediatrics definitions. Sensitivity analyses varied episode definitions and assessed the impact of immunoprophylaxis and RSV under-ascertainment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 6,767,107 children, annual RSV-LRTI rates dropped with increasing age in both inpatient (7.9 for age &lt; 1 year to 0.2 for age 4 per 1000 person-years) and outpatient settings (48.3 to 1.6). Most RSV-ARI (~80%–90%) was RSV-LRTI. RSV-LRTI accounted for &gt; half of LRTI hospitalizations among infants (7.9 RSV-LRTI versus 14.7 LRTI) and for ~20% outpatient LRTI (48.3 versus 250.3), but this contribution declined with older age. Outpatient RSV-LRTI was &gt; 5 times inpatient rates.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inpatient RSV-LRTI rates dropped consistently with increasing gestational age (GA) (35.6 for GA &lt; 29 weeks versus 7.6 for term infants), while outpatient rates were similar across GA groups (54.0 versus 51.6). Infants with Down syndrome had the highest RSV-LRTI rates, and any high-risk group had rates &gt;2 times higher than healthy term infants. Across all strata, seasonal rates were &gt; 2 annual rates. Modeling suggested that claims data captured 42% of all RSV episodes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides national, population-based estimates of medically attended RSV infections across age groups and high-risk strata. Results allow granular assessments of disease burden to guide recommendations for new RSV prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance Across New Zealand and Its Subantarctic Islands Detects H1N9 in Migratory Shorebirds, but Not 2.3.4.4b HPAI H5N1","authors":"Stephanie J. Waller,&nbsp;Janelle R. Wierenga,&nbsp;Lia Heremia,&nbsp;Jessica A. Darnley,&nbsp;Isa de Vries,&nbsp;Jeremy Dubrulle,&nbsp;Zoe Robinson,&nbsp;Allison K. Miller,&nbsp;Chris N. Niebuhr,&nbsp;David S. Melville,&nbsp;Rob Schuckard,&nbsp;Phil F. Battley,&nbsp;Michelle Wille,&nbsp;Ben Alai,&nbsp;Rosalind Cole,&nbsp;Jamie Cooper,&nbsp;Ursula Ellenberg,&nbsp;Graeme Elliott,&nbsp;James Faulkner,&nbsp;Johannes H. Fischer,&nbsp;Jim Fyfe,&nbsp;Lance Hay,&nbsp;David Houston,&nbsp;Bianca C. Keys,&nbsp;Jenny Long,&nbsp;Robin Long,&nbsp;Thomas Mattern,&nbsp;Hollie McGovern,&nbsp;Lou McNutt,&nbsp;Peter Moore,&nbsp;Odin Neil,&nbsp;Jake Osborne,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Pagé,&nbsp;Kevin A. Parker,&nbsp;Mike Perry,&nbsp;Brodie Philp,&nbsp;Julia Reid,&nbsp;Kalinka Rexer-Huber,&nbsp;James C. Russell,&nbsp;Rachael Sagar,&nbsp;Thor T. Ruru,&nbsp;Theo Thompson,&nbsp;Leith Thomson,&nbsp;Joris Tinnemans,&nbsp;Lydia Uddstrom,&nbsp;Te Arawhetu Waipoua,&nbsp;Kath Walker,&nbsp;Edin Whitehead,&nbsp;Chrissy Wickes,&nbsp;Melanie J. Young,&nbsp;Kate McInnes,&nbsp;David Winter,&nbsp;Jemma L. Geoghegan","doi":"10.1111/irv.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H5N1 has never been detected in New Zealand. The potential impact of this virus on New Zealand's wild birds would be catastrophic. To expand our knowledge of avian influenza viruses across New Zealand, we sampled wild aquatic birds from New Zealand, its outer islands and its subantarctic territories. Metatranscriptomic analysis of 700 individuals spanning 33 species revealed no detection of H5N1 during the annual 2023–2024 migration. A single detection of H1N9 in red knots (<i>Calidris canutus</i>) was noted. This study provides a baseline for expanding avian influenza virus monitoring in New Zealand.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking Seasonal Influenza Trends in South Tyrol During 2022/2023 Using Genomic Surveillance Data","authors":"Irene Bianconi,&nbsp;Mattia Manica,&nbsp;Elena Moroder,&nbsp;Giorgio Guzzetta,&nbsp;Stefano Merler,&nbsp;Piero Poletti,&nbsp;Elisabetta Pagani","doi":"10.1111/irv.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza seasons are characterized by a complex interplay of co-circulating strains with high spatial and temporal heterogeneities. Surveillance is crucial for monitoring the spread and evolution of the virus and design effective public health response strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined epidemiological, virological, and genomic surveillance data to provide a comprehensive analysis of influenza subtypes circulating in the South Tyrol region (Italy) during season 2022/2023, leveraging phylogenetic and phylodynamic approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical samples were collected from patients exhibiting influenza-like symptoms and evaluated by molecular diagnostics. Whole genome sequencing was conducted, and the hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences were used for phylogenetic analysis. A birth–death skyline model was applied to estimate strain-specific effective reproduction numbers (Re) and attack rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 4891 samples tested, 862 tested positive for influenza, of which 224 genomes were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of HA gene revealed A(H3N2) strains predominantly clustering in clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2b, followed by 3C.2a1b.2a.1b. A(H1N1pdm09) strains predominantly clustered in clade 6B.1A.5a.2a. Exclusive circulation of B (Victoria) subtype strains aligned with the global trend, all falling within clade V1A.3a.2. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the strains isolated in the South Tyrol region closely resembled those circulating in the rest of Italy and Austria. Re peaked at 1.16–1.35 (95%CI) for A(H3N2), 1.06–1.34 for A(H1N1pdm09) and 1.02–1.29 for B (Victoria). 95%CI of attack rates were 6.3%–33.5% for A(H3N2), 0.6%–5.0% for A(H1N1pdm09), and 0.8%–6.5% for B (Victoria).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epidemiological estimates from traditional surveillance data can be corroborated by those derived from genomic sequencing, providing more robust assessments of viral transmissibility and attack rates with limited additional effort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Respiratory Viruses: The Efficacy of Intranasal mRNA Vaccination in Generating Protective Mucosal and Systemic Immunity Against Influenza A (H1N1)","authors":"Sara Yahyaei,&nbsp;Asghar Abdoli,&nbsp;Abbas Jamali,&nbsp;Ali Teimoori,&nbsp;Ehsan Arefian,&nbsp;Zohre Eftekhari,&nbsp;Parisa Jamur","doi":"10.1111/irv.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Four significant influenza outbreaks have occurred over the past 100 years, and the 1918 influenza pandemic is the most severe. Since influenza viruses undergo antigenic evolution, they are the pathogens most likely to trigger a new pandemic shortly. Intranasal vaccination offers a promising strategy for preventing diseases triggered by respiratory viruses by eliciting an immunoglobulin A (IgA) response, limiting virus replication and transmission from the respiratory tract more efficiently than intramuscular vaccines. Combining intranasal administration and mRNA-lipid nanoparticles can be an ideal strategy for limiting the extent of the next flu pandemic. This study explored the immunogenicity of intranasally delivered mRNA encapsulated in mannose-histidine-conjugated chitosan lipid nanoparticles (MHCS-LNPs) as a vaccine against influenza A (H1N1) in BALB/c mice. Intranasal administration of mRNA-MHCS-LNPs resulted in the generation of influenza A (H1N1) hemagglutinin-specific neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated animals. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results indicated a notable increase in the quantity of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies in serum and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), respectively, and exhibited influenza A-specific IFN-γ secretion in vaccinated mice, as well as a noticeable alteration in IL-5 production. Overall, this study demonstrated an effective immunogenic response against respiratory viral infections through intranasal delivery of an mRNA-MHCS-LNP vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Influenza Severity in Bhutan by Using WHO Framework Pandemic Influenza Severity Assessment (PISA): An Implementation Research Study","authors":"Tshering Dorji,&nbsp;Kunzang Dorji,&nbsp;Vishal Chettri,&nbsp;Sonam Gyeltshen,&nbsp;Holly Sadler","doi":"10.1111/irv.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza presents a significant global health challenge, with seasonal epidemics causing 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness and 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory deaths annually. In Bhutan, the highest rates of influenza-associated hospitalizations were observed among children under 5 years of age emphasizing the need for robust surveillance and preparedness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess influenza severity in Bhutan using the World Health Organization's (WHO) Pandemic Influenza Severity Assessment (PISA) framework. By integrating syndromic and influenza-specific data, we establish national-level baseline and threshold values for influenza activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The WHO Average Curve Method was employed to establish seasonal and intensity thresholds, categorizing influenza severity based on historical data from 2016 to 2019 and 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of influenza activity revealed near-continuous activity with two annual peaks. Thresholds for epidemic, moderate, high, and extraordinary levels of transmissibility and morbidity were determined. The 2019 season exhibited the highest transmissibility and morbidity, with significant variability in intensity across different seasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the PISA framework in assessing influenza severity in Bhutan. The established thresholds provide a valuable tool for public health decision-making, enhancing the country's preparedness for both seasonal and pandemic influenza. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining and adapting surveillance systems to monitor influenza activity year-round.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality Risk Among Patients With Influenza Illness Admitted to the ICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Pablo Suárez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Jara Majuelos-Melguizo,&nbsp;Marina Hinojosa-Campos,&nbsp;Bélène Podmore,&nbsp;Iain A. Gillespie,&nbsp;Jennifer Han,&nbsp;Rosa Sloot,&nbsp;Dina Christensen","doi":"10.1111/irv.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite vaccination programs and available treatments, seasonal influenza carries a large mortality burden, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Understanding the influenza mortality burden in ICU settings can inform treatment planning and resource allocation. Nonetheless, surveillance data on mortality in ICU-admitted patients are scarce and estimates vary greatly. This systematic literature review (SLR) and meta-analysis investigated all-cause mortality risk among ICU-admitted patients with influenza in Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included observational studies conducted in Europe that reported mortality among patients ≥ 6 months of age with influenza admitted to the ICU. Studies published between January-2009 and December-2019 were included. Quality was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Pooled all-cause mortality risk was calculated as a proportion using a random-effects model with an inverse variance method. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted, including only studies identified as having low risk of bias.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-seven studies, reporting on 13,616 patients, were included. All-cause mortality ranged from 0% to 67%. The overall pooled mortality risk estimate was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.27). Study heterogeneity was high (Cochran's Q test <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, I² = 93%). The sensitivity analysis using only studies identified as having low risk of bias produced a pooled mortality risk of 0.25 (95%CI: 0.21, 0.29).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate that approximately a quarter of patients with influenza admitted to the ICU die, reinforcing the need for effective vaccination programs and treatment optimization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network: A Multicountry Public Health Collaboration","authors":"Marta C. Nunes,&nbsp;Cecile Chauvel,&nbsp;Sonia M. Raboni,&nbsp;F. Xavier López-Labrador,&nbsp;Melissa K. Andrew,&nbsp;Nazish Badar,&nbsp;Vicky Baillie,&nbsp;Antonin Bal,&nbsp;Kedar Baral,&nbsp;Elsa Baumeister,&nbsp;Celina Boutros,&nbsp;Elena Burtseva,&nbsp;Daouda Coulibaly,&nbsp;Ben Cowling,&nbsp;Daria Danilenko,&nbsp;Ghassan Dbaibo,&nbsp;Gregory Destras,&nbsp;Ndongo Dia,&nbsp;Anca Cristina Drăgănescu,&nbsp;Heloisa I. G. Giamberardino,&nbsp;Doris Gomez-Camargo,&nbsp;Laurence Josset,&nbsp;Parvaiz A. Koul,&nbsp;Jan Kyncl,&nbsp;Victor Alberto Laguna-Torres,&nbsp;Odile Launay,&nbsp;Liem Binh Luong Nugyen,&nbsp;Shelly McNeil,&nbsp;Snežana Medić,&nbsp;Ainara Mira-Iglesias,&nbsp;Alla Mironenko,&nbsp;Aneta Nitsch-Osuch,&nbsp;Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez,&nbsp;Nancy A. Otieno,&nbsp;Hadrien Regue,&nbsp;Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios,&nbsp;Afif Ben Salah,&nbsp;Muhammad Salman,&nbsp;Oana Săndulescu,&nbsp;Viviana Simon,&nbsp;Anna Sominina,&nbsp;Emilia Sordillo,&nbsp;Mine Durusu Tanriover,&nbsp;Serhat Unal,&nbsp;Harm van Bakel,&nbsp;Philippe Vanhems,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Catherine Commaille-Chapus,&nbsp;Camille Hunsinger,&nbsp;Joseph Bresee,&nbsp;Bruno Lina,&nbsp;John W. McCauley,&nbsp;Justin R. Ortiz,&nbsp;Cecile Viboud,&nbsp;Wenqing Zhang,&nbsp;Laurence Torcel-Pagnon,&nbsp;Cedric Mahe,&nbsp;Sandra S. Chaves","doi":"10.1111/irv.70091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Respiratory viruses represent a significant public health threat. There is the need for robust and coordinated surveillance to guide global health responses. Established in 2012, the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) addresses this need by collecting clinical and virological data on persons with acute respiratory illnesses across a network of hospitals worldwide. GIHSN utilizes a standardized patient enrolment and data collection protocol across its study sites. It leverages pre-existing national infrastructures and expert collaborations to facilitate comprehensive data collection. This includes demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and virologic data, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) for a subset of viruses. Sequencing data are shared in the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID). GIHSN uses financing and governance approaches centered around public–private partnerships. Over time, GIHSN has included more than 100 hospitals across 27 countries and enrolled more than 168,000 hospitalized patients, identifying 27,562 cases of influenza and 44,629 of other respiratory viruses. GIHSN has expanded beyond influenza to include other respiratory viruses, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. In November 2023, GIHSN strengthened its global impact through a memorandum of understanding with the World Health Organization, aimed at enhancing collaborative efforts and data sharing for improved health responses. GIHSN exemplifies the value of integrating scientific research with public health initiatives through global collaboration and public–private partnerships governance. Future efforts should enhance the scalability of such models and ensure their sustainability through continued public and private support.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Study of Local Patterns Influenza A(H3N2) Virus Transmission in a Semi-Isolated Population in a Remote Island in Japan Between 2011 and 2013","authors":"Su Myat Han,&nbsp;Teiichiro Shiino,&nbsp;Shingo Masuda,&nbsp;Yuki Furuse,&nbsp;Takahiro Yasaka,&nbsp;Satoshi Kanda,&nbsp;Kazuhiri Komori,&nbsp;Nobuo Saito,&nbsp;Yoshiano Kubo,&nbsp;Chris Smith,&nbsp;Akira Endo,&nbsp;Alexis Robert,&nbsp;Marc Baguelin,&nbsp;Koya Ariyoshi","doi":"10.1111/irv.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza A outbreak risk is impacted by the potential for importation and local transmission. Reconstructing transmission history with phylogenetic analysis of genetic sequences can help assess outbreak risk but relies on regular collection of genetic sequences. Few influenza genetic sequences are collected in Japan, which makes phylogenetic analysis challenging, especially in rural, remote settings. We generated influenza A genetic sequences from nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) samples collected using rapid influenza diagnostic tests and used them to analyze the transmission dynamics of influenza in a remote island in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We generated 229 whole genome sequences of influenza A/H3N2 collected during 2011/12 and 2012/13 influenza seasons in Kamigoto Island, Japan, of which 178 sequences passed the quality check. We built time-resolved phylogenetic trees from hemagglutinin sequences to classify the circulating clades by comparing the Kamigoto sequences to global sequences. Spatiotemporal transmission patterns were then analyzed for the largest local clusters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a time-resolved phylogenetic tree, we showed that the sequences clustered in six independent transmission groups (1 in 2011/12, 5 in 2012/13). Sequences were closely related to strains from mainland Japan. All 2011/12 strains were identified as clade 3C.2 (<i>n</i> = 29), while 2012/13 strains fell into two clades: clade 3C.2 (<i>n</i> = 129) and 3C.3a (<i>n</i> = 20). Clusters reported in 2012/13 circulated simultaneously in the same regions. The spatiotemporal analysis of the largest cluster revealed that while the first sequences were reported in the busiest district of Kamigoto, the later sequences were scattered across the island.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kamigoto Island was exposed to repeated importations of Influenza A(H3N2), mostly from mainland Japan, sometimes leading to local transmission and ultimately outbreaks. As independent groups of sequences overlapped in time and space, cases may be wrongly allocated to the same transmission group in the absence of genomic surveillance, thereby underestimating the risk of importations. Our analysis highlights how NPS could be used to better understand influenza transmission patterns in little-studied settings and improve influenza surveillance in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the XBB.1.5 COVID-19 Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalisation Among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years During the BA.2.86/JN.1 Predominant Period, VEBIS Hospital Study, Europe, November 2023 to May 2024","authors":"Liliana Antunes,&nbsp;Madelyn Rojas-Castro,&nbsp;Marcos Lozano,&nbsp;Iván Martínez-Baz,&nbsp;Isabel Leroux-Roels,&nbsp;Maria-Louise Borg,&nbsp;Beatrix Oroszi,&nbsp;Margaret Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Ralf Dürrwald,&nbsp;Ligita Jancoriene,&nbsp;Ausenda Machado,&nbsp;Goranka Petrović,&nbsp;Mihaela Lazar,&nbsp;Lenka Součková,&nbsp;Sabrina Bacci,&nbsp;Jennifer Howard,&nbsp;Nuno Verdasca,&nbsp;Luca Basile,&nbsp;Jesús Castilla,&nbsp;Silke Ternest,&nbsp;Aušra Džiugytė,&nbsp;Gergő Túri,&nbsp;Roisin Duffy,&nbsp;Carolin Hackmann,&nbsp;Monika Kuliese,&nbsp;Verónica Gomez,&nbsp;Zvjezdana Lovrić Makarić,&nbsp;Alexandru Marin,&nbsp;Petr Husa,&nbsp;Nathalie Nicolay,&nbsp;Angela M. C. Rose,&nbsp;VEBIS SARI VE network team","doi":"10.1111/irv.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We estimated the effectiveness of the adapted monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalisation during the BA.2.86/JN.1 lineage-predominant period using a multicentre test-negative case–control study in Europe. We included older adults (≥ 65 years) hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection from November 2023 to May 2024. Vaccine effectiveness was 46% at 14–59 days and 34% at 60–119 days, with no effect thereafter. The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines conferred protection against BA.2.86 lineage hospitalisation in the first 4 months post-vaccination.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurologic Complications of Influenza and Potential Protective Vaccine Effects","authors":"Ann R. Falsey","doi":"10.1111/irv.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Influenza is a common respiratory infection affecting persons of all ages and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Respiratory complications are well known, but important nonpulmonary complications are less well recognized. Neurologic complications following influenza infection may accompany the acute illness or may be chronic in nature. The acute complications such as seizures, encephalitis, myelitis and Guillain Barre Syndrome are well documented but fortunately are uncommon. However, stroke and dementia are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and there is increasing evidence linking these devasting illnesses with influenza. In addition, influenza vaccine has been associated with protective effects against stroke and dementia risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}