Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses最新文献

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Pathogens in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Children in Southwest China Before, During and After COVID-19 Non-pharmaceutical Interventions: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ruling Yang,&nbsp;Hongmei Xu,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Zhang,&nbsp;Quanbo Liu,&nbsp;Ruiqiu Zhao,&nbsp;Gaihuan Zheng,&nbsp;Xiaoying Wu","doi":"10.1111/irv.13361","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13361","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the pathogen epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among children in Southwest China before, during and after the COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pathogen data of hospitalised children with CAP, including multiple direct immunofluorescence test for seven viruses, bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>, were analysed across three phases: Phase I (pre-NPIs: 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019), Phase II (NPI period: 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020) and Phase III (post-NPIs: 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 7533 cases were enrolled, including 2444, 1642 and 3447 individuals in Phases I, II and III, respectively. <i>M. pneumoniae</i> predominated in Phases I and III (23.4% and 35.5%, respectively). In Phase II, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) emerged as the primary pathogen (20.3%), whereas detection rates of influenza A virus (Flu A) and <i>M. pneumoniae</i> were at a low level (1.8% and 9.6%, respectively). In Phase III, both Flu A (15.8%) and <i>M. pneumoniae</i> epidemic rebounded, whereas RSV detection rate returned to Phase I level, and detection rates of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> decreased significantly compared to those in Phase I. Detection rates of adenovirus and parainfluenza virus type 3 decreased phase by phase. Age-stratified analysis and monthly variations supported the above findings. Seasonal patterns of multiple pathogens were disrupted during Phases II and III.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 NPIs exhibited a distinct impact on CAP pathogen epidemic among children, with post-NPIs increases observed in <i>M. pneumoniae</i> and Flu A prevalence. Continuous pathogen monitoring is crucial for effective prevention and control of paediatric CAP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.13361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early COVID-19 XBB.1.5 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalisation Among Adults Targeted for Vaccination, VEBIS Hospital Network, Europe, October 2023–January 2024","authors":"Liliana Antunes,&nbsp;Clara Mazagatos,&nbsp;Iván Martínez-Baz,&nbsp;Reinout Naesens,&nbsp;Maria-Louise Borg,&nbsp;Goranka Petrović,&nbsp;Terra Fatukasi,&nbsp;Ligita Jancoriene,&nbsp;Ausenda Machado,&nbsp;Beatrix Oroszi,&nbsp;Petr Husa,&nbsp;Mihaela Lazar,&nbsp;Ralf Dürrwald,&nbsp;Jennifer Howard,&nbsp;Aryse Melo,&nbsp;Gloria Pérez-Gimeno,&nbsp;Jesús Castilla,&nbsp;Eva Bernaert,&nbsp;Aušra Džiugytė,&nbsp;Zvjezdana Lovrić Makarić,&nbsp;Margaret Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Auksė Mickienė,&nbsp;Verónica Gomez,&nbsp;Gergő Túri,&nbsp;Lenka Součková,&nbsp;Alexandru Marin,&nbsp;Kristin Tolksdorf,&nbsp;Nathalie Nicolay,&nbsp;Angela M. C. Rose,&nbsp;the European Hospital Vaccine Effectiveness Group","doi":"10.1111/irv.13360","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We conducted a multicentre test-negative case–control study covering the period from October 2023 to January 2024 among adult patients aged ≥ 18 years hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection in Europe. We provide early estimates of the effectiveness of the newly adapted XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalisation. Vaccine effectiveness was 49% overall, ranging between 69% at 14–29 days and 40% at 60–105 days post vaccination. The adapted XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines conferred protection against COVID-19 hospitalisation in the first 3.5 months post vaccination, with VE &gt; 70% in older adults (≥ 65 years) up to 1 month post vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.13360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should We Vaccinate Healthcare Workers Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus?","authors":"Klinger Soares Faico-Filho,&nbsp;Ana Helena Sita Perosa,&nbsp;Nancy Bellei","doi":"10.1111/irv.13363","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recent approval of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine for elderly individuals and pregnant women marks a significant milestone in the prevention of this respiratory infection. RSV is known for causing severe respiratory illness, particularly in vulnerable populations. This development highlights the necessity of considering vaccination programs for other high-risk groups, such as healthcare workers (HCWs), who are frequently exposed to infected individuals and can serve as vectors for nosocomial transmission [<span>1</span>].</p><p>Respiratory infections, particularly those caused by RSV, present significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, especially in the context of nosocomial transmission. HCWs, due to their frequent exposure to infected individuals, are at increased risk of RSV infection. However, data on the epidemiology of RSV infections among HCWs are limited. Understanding the extent of RSV infection in this group is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures and safeguarding both HCWs and the patients they care.</p><p>We performed a retrospective study to investigate RSV infections in nasopharyngeal swabs collected between January 2021 and April 2024 from HCWs with acute respiratory infection (ARI). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and placed in 2 mL of sterile lactate Ringer's solution, and RNA was purified using Extracta Kit Fast - DNA e RNA Viral (Loccus, Brazil), according to the manufacturer's instructions. RSV detection was performed by a one-step real-time RT-PCR with oligonucleotides targeting a conserved region of the matrix gene [<span>2</span>] using AgPath-ID One-Step RT-PCR Reagents (Applied Biosystems, USA) with 5 μL of purified RNA, 800 nM of each primer, and 200 nM of the TaqMan probe. The reactions were performed on a Quantstudio 6 Pro Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) for 10 min at 50°C and 10 min at 95°C, followed by 45 cycles of 15 s at 95°C, and 30 s at 55°C (data collection). Samples with Ct ≤ 40 were considered positive. Further, RSV subtypes were identified by another real-time PCR specific for RSV A and B [<span>3</span>] with the same conditions of the screening reaction.</p><p>A total of 4367 HCWs aged from 16 to 92 years (mean 38 ± 13, median 36) was tested, and RSV was detected in 2.6% (115/4367) of HCWs. The highest annual positivity rate was 3.6% in 2022 and the lowest was 1.9% in 2023 (Table 1).</p><p>The monthly RSV positivity ranged from 0% to 8.3% (March 2022–April 2024; Figure 1). Regarding RSV subtypes, 37.4% (43/115) were RSV A, 60.9% (70/115) were RSV B, and 1.7% (2/115) were unsubtyped. HCWs over 60 years old showed the highest detection rate (3.9%). Autumn–winter seasons (March–June in our region) showed the highest detections.</p><p>HCWs infected with RSV may serve as vectors for transmission within healthcare settings, potentially leading to outbreaks and absenteeism, compromising patient care. The detection of RSV in 8.3% of samples emphasize","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.13363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Sequencing for Characterizing Respiratory Tract Virome and Improving Detection of Viral Pathogens in Children With Pneumonia","authors":"Song Cui,&nbsp;Ruochun Guo,&nbsp;Changming Chen,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Jinxin Meng,&nbsp;Lanxin Liu,&nbsp;Yanxia Li,&nbsp;Zhijie Kang,&nbsp;Shenghui Li,&nbsp;Qiulong Yan,&nbsp;Yufang Ma","doi":"10.1111/irv.13362","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13362","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pneumonia is typically caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Traditional research often focuses on the infection of a few microorganisms, whereas metagenomic studies focus on the impact of the bacteriome and mycobiome on respiratory diseases. Reports on the virome characteristics of pediatric pneumonia remain relatively scarce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We employed de novo assembly and combined homology- and feature-based methods to characterize the respiratory virome in whole-genome DNA sequencing samples from oropharynx (OP) swabs, nasopharynx (NP) swabs, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of children with pneumonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences were observed in the alpha and beta diversity indexes, as well as in the composition of the oropharyngeal virome, between pneumonia cases and controls. We identified 1137 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) with significant differences, indicating a preference of pneumonia-reduced vOTUs for infecting <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Neisseria</i>, and <i>Veillonella</i>, whereas pneumonia-enriched vOTUs included polyomavirus, human adenovirus, and phages targeting <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Granulicatella</i>, and <i>Actinomyces</i>. Comparative analysis revealed higher relative abundances and prevalence rates of pneumonia-enriched OP vOTUs in NP and BALF samples compared to pneumonia-reduced vOTUs. Additionally, virome analysis identified six pediatric patients with severe human adenovirus or polyomavirus infections, five of whom might have been undetected by targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study offers insights into pediatric pneumonia respiratory viromes, highlighting frequent transmission of potentially pathogenic viruses and demonstrating virome analysis as a valuable adjunct for pathogen detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologic and Virologic Characteristics of Influenza in Lao PDR, 2016–2023","authors":"Natalie Wodniak,&nbsp;KeoOudomphone Vilivong,&nbsp;Bouaphanh Khamphaphongphane,&nbsp;Bounthanom Sengkeopraseuth,&nbsp;Virasack Somoulay,&nbsp;May Chiew,&nbsp;Pakapak Ketmayoon,&nbsp;Melissa Jiao,&nbsp;Sonesavanh Phimmasine,&nbsp;Kim Carmela Co,&nbsp;Phetdavanh Leuangvilay,&nbsp;Satoko Otsu,&nbsp;Viengphone Khanthamaly,&nbsp;Phayvanh Keopaseuth,&nbsp;William W. Davis,&nbsp;Martha P. Montgomery,&nbsp;Phonepadith Xangsayyarath","doi":"10.1111/irv.13353","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13353","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza sentinel surveillance in Lao PDR is used to inform seasonal vaccination programs. This analysis reviews epidemiologic and virologic characteristics of influenza virus infection over 8 years, before and after emergence of SARS-CoV-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collected for ILI and SARI surveillance during January 2016 through December 2023 were analyzed from nine hospitals. Respiratory specimens from ILI and SARI cases were tested by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to determine influenza positivity and subtype and lineage. Aggregate counts of outpatient visits and hospitalizations were collected from hospital logbooks. Epidemiologic trends of influenza activity were described, and the proportional contribution of influenza-associated ILI and SARI to outpatient and inpatient loads was estimated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza was detected year-round with positivity peaking during September through January and occurring in most years approximately 1 month earlier in the south than the north. After decreasing in 2 years following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza positivity increased in 2022 and resumed its typical temporal trend. Influenza-associated ILI contribution to outpatient visits was highest among children ages 5–14 years (3.0% of all outpatient visits in 2023), and influenza-associated SARI contribution to inpatient hospitalizations was highest among children ages 2–4 years (2.2% of all hospitalizations in 2023).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza surveillance in Lao PDR provides clinicians and public health authorities with information on geographic and temporal patterns of influenza transmission. Influenza surveillance data support current vaccination timing and recommendations to vaccinate certain populations, especially young children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Burden of RSV Infections and Bronchiolitis in Young Children (< 5 Years) in Primary Care and Emergency Departments: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Susanne Heemskerk,&nbsp;Lotte van Heuvel,&nbsp;Tamana Asey,&nbsp;Mathieu Bangert,&nbsp;Rolf Kramer,&nbsp;John Paget,&nbsp;Jojanneke van Summeren","doi":"10.1111/irv.13344","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13344","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute respiratory infections in young children. Limited data are available on RSV disease burden in primary care and emergency departments (EDs). This review synthesizes the evidence on population-based incidence rates of RSV infections in young children (&lt; 5 years) in primary care and EDs. A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed and Embase. Studies reporting yearly population-based RSV incidence rates in primary care and EDs were included. A total of 4244 records were screened and 32 studies were included, conducted between 1993 and 2019. Studies were mainly performed in high-income countries (<i>n</i> = 27), with 15 studies in North America and 10 studies in Europe. There was significant variability in study methodology and setting among studies, resulting in considerable variability in reported incidence rates. Incidence rates were higher in primary care—ranging from 0.8 to 330 (median = 109) per 1000 population—compared to EDs (7.5–144.0, median = 48). The highest incidence rates were reported in infants. Additionally, incidence rates were higher in high-income countries and in studies using laboratory-confirmed RSV cases compared to studies using bronchiolitis ICD-codes (non–laboratory confirmed). Our study found that a substantial number of children under 5 years of age attend primary care settings and EDs, every year for RSV infections. Due to the considerable heterogeneity in study methodology, it was impossible to draw definitive conclusions regarding factors explaining differences in reported incidence rates. Additionally, more studies in low- and middle-income countries are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11298312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need to Analyze Telogen Effluvium and Alopecia Areata Parallelly in Long COVID Studies","authors":"Chia-Tse Weng,&nbsp;Kai-Che Wei,&nbsp;Chao-Chun Yang","doi":"10.1111/irv.13356","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I am writing in response to the article titled “Risks of alopecia areata in long COVID: Binational population-based cohort studies from South Korea and Japan” by Kyung et al., recently published in the Journal of Medical Virology [<span>1</span>]. The study provides robust evidence on the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the increased risk of developing alopecia areata (AA) as part of long COVID. It also highlights the significant impact of COVID-19 severity and vaccination status on AA risk.</p><p>Telogen effluvium (TE) is another type of hair loss that could be highly relevant to COVID-19 and long COVID [<span>2</span>]. TE and AA have overlapping clinical manifestations, but TE is not as well-known as AA by physicians. Therefore, misclassification between TE and AA is possible. TE is characterized by diffuse hair shedding often triggered by significant stress, illness, or hormonal changes [<span>3</span>]. Given the profound stress and physiological changes associated with COVID-19, TE is a common postinfection manifestation [<span>4</span>]. Furthermore, the severity of COVID-19 has been correlated with an increased risk of TE [<span>5</span>].</p><p>To provide a comprehensive understanding of post-COVID-19 hair loss patterns, it is advisable to present TE and AA in parallel using the existing database. This approach could yield significant insights into the prevalence of hair loss in long COVID. While the database may not confirm the accuracy of AA versus TE diagnoses, presenting results for both conditions can help clarify their respective impacts.</p><p>It is prudent to acknowledge that dermatologists have a relatively clear understanding of the differences between TE and AA. Therefore, it might be beneficial for the authors to consider limiting AA diagnoses to those confirmed by dermatologists to enhance diagnostic accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, comparing hair loss caused by other viral infections, such as influenza, which is more frequently reported to cause AA and less often reported to cause TE [<span>6</span>], can enhance the overall understanding of virus-associated alopecia.</p><p>In conclusion, while the study by Kyung et al. provides significant insights into the risk of AA following COVID-19, incorporating the diagnosis of TE, applying stricter criteria for diagnosing AA, and considering additional control groups in future research would offer a more holistic view of postinfection hair loss. This approach could enhance our understanding of long COVID and improve patient care strategies.</p><p>Chia-Tse Weng and Kai-Che Wei wrote the manuscript. Chao-Chun Yang substantively revised it. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.</p><p>The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth Patterns in the Aftermath of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in India: The Case of Madras City","authors":"Siddharth Chandra,&nbsp;Rajiv Sarkar,&nbsp;Banseilang Rynjah","doi":"10.1111/irv.13355","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13355","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the timing of one-time fluctuations in births subsequent to the 1918 influenza pandemic in Madras (now Chennai), India. After seasonally decomposing key demographic aggregates, we identified abrupt one-time fluctuations in excess births, deaths, and infant deaths. We found a contemporaneous spike in excess deaths and infant deaths and a 40-week lag between the spike in deaths and a subsequent deficit in births. The results suggest that India experienced the same kind of short-term postpandemic “baby bust” that was observed in the United States and other countries. Identifying the mechanisms underlying this widespread phenomenon remains an open question and an important topic for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence of SARS-CoV-2 Seroepidemiologic Studies to the ROSES-S Reporting Guideline During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Brianna Cheng,&nbsp;Emma Loeschnik,&nbsp;Anabel Selemon,&nbsp;Reza Hosseini,&nbsp;Jane Yuan,&nbsp;Harriet Ware,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Ma,&nbsp;Christian Cao,&nbsp;Isabel Bergeri,&nbsp;Lorenzo Subissi,&nbsp;Hannah C. Lewis,&nbsp;Tyler Williamson,&nbsp;Paul Ronksley,&nbsp;Rahul K. Arora,&nbsp;Mairead Whelan,&nbsp;Niklas Bobrovitz","doi":"10.1111/irv.13283","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Complete reporting of seroepidemiologic studies is critical to their utility in evidence synthesis and public health decision making. The Reporting of Seroepidemiologic studies—SARS-CoV-2 (ROSES-S) guideline is a checklist that aims to improve reporting in SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic studies. Adherence to the ROSES-S guideline has not yet been evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate the completeness of SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic study reporting by the ROSES-S guideline during the COVID-19 pandemic, determine whether guideline publication was associated with reporting completeness, and identify study characteristics associated with reporting completeness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A random sample from the SeroTracker living systematic review database was evaluated. For each reporting item in the guideline, the percentage of studies that were adherent was calculated, as well as median and interquartile range (IQR) adherence across all items and by item domain. Beta regression analyses were used to evaluate predictors of adherence to ROSES-S.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and ninety-nine studies were analyzed. Median adherence was 48.1% (IQR 40.0%–55.2%) per study, with overall adherence ranging from 8.8% to 72.7%. The laboratory methods domain had the lowest median adherence (33.3% [IQR 25.0%–41.7%]). The discussion domain had the highest median adherence (75.0% [IQR 50.0%–100.0%]). Reporting adherence to ROSES-S before and after guideline publication did not significantly change. Publication source (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), study risk of bias (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and sampling method (<i>p</i> = 0.004) were significantly associated with adherence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Completeness of reporting in SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic studies was suboptimal. Publication of the ROSES-S guideline was not associated with changes in reporting practices. Authors should improve adherence to the ROSES-S guideline with support from stakeholders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of the Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Card Test, Puerto Rico","authors":"Zachary J. Madewell,&nbsp;Chelsea G. Major,&nbsp;Nathan Graff,&nbsp;Cameron Adams,&nbsp;Dania M. Rodriguez,&nbsp;Tatiana Morales,&nbsp;Nicole A. Medina Lopes,&nbsp;Rafael Tosado,&nbsp;Liliana Sánchez-González,&nbsp;Janice Perez-Padilla,&nbsp;Hannah R. Volkman,&nbsp;Jorge Bertrán-Pasarell,&nbsp;Diego Sainz de la Peña,&nbsp;Jorge Munoz-Jordan,&nbsp;Gilberto A. Santiago,&nbsp;Olga Lorenzi,&nbsp;Vanessa Rivera-Amill,&nbsp;Melissa A. Rolfes,&nbsp;Gabriela Paz-Bailey,&nbsp;Laura E. Adams,&nbsp;Joshua M. Wong","doi":"10.1111/irv.13305","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irv.13305","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. In August 2020, the Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Card test became available as a timely and affordable alternative for SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing, but its performance may vary due to factors including timing and symptomatology. This study evaluates BinaxNOW diagnostic performance in diverse epidemiological contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using RT-PCR as reference, we assessed performance of the BinaxNOW COVID-19 test for SARS-CoV-2 detection in anterior nasal swabs from participants of two studies in Puerto Rico from December 2020 to May 2023. Test performance was assessed by days post symptom onset, collection strategy, vaccination status, symptomatology, repeated testing, and RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BinaxNOW demonstrated an overall sensitivity of 84.1% and specificity of 98.8%. Sensitivity peaked within 1–6 days after symptom onset (93.2%) and was higher for symptomatic (86.3%) than asymptomatic (67.3%) participants. Sensitivity declined over the course of infection, dropping from 96.3% in the initial test to 48.4% in testing performed 7–14 days later. BinaxNOW showed 99.5% sensitivity in participants with low Ct values (≤ 25) but lower sensitivity (18.2%) for participants with higher Cts (36–40).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BinaxNOW demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, particularly in early-stage infections and symptomatic participants. In situations where test sensitivity is crucial for clinical decision-making, nucleic acid amplification tests are preferred. These findings highlight the importance of considering clinical and epidemiological context when interpreting test results and emphasize the need for ongoing research to adapt testing strategies to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}