High SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Rural Southern Mozambique After Four Waves of COVID-19: Community-Based Seroepidemiological Surveys

IF 4.3 4区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI:10.1111/irv.13332

Áuria de Jesus, Rita Ernesto, Arsénia J. Massinga, Felizarda Nhacolo, Khátia Munguambe, Alcido Timana, Arsénio Nhacolo, Augusto Messa Jr., Sérgio Massora, Valdemiro Escola, Sónia Enosse, Rufino Gunjamo, Carlos Funzamo, Jason M. Mwenda, Joseph Okeibunor, Alberto Garcia-Basteiro, Caterina Guinovart, Alfredo Mayor, Inácio Mandomando

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Mozambique was one of many African countries with limited testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2. Serosurveys, an alternative to estimate the real exposure to understand the epidemiology and transmission dynamics, have been scarce in Mozambique. Herein, we aimed to estimate the age-specific seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the general population of the Manhiça District, at four time points, for evaluating dynamics of exposure and the impact of vaccination.

Methods

We conducted four community-based seroepidemiological surveys separated by 3 months between May 2021 and June 2022 to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. An age-stratified (0–19, 20–39, 40–59, and ≥ 60 years) sample of 4810 individuals was randomly selected from demographic surveillance database, and their blood samples were analyzed using WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 IgG + IgM ELISA. Nasopharyngeal swabs from a subsample of 2209 participants were also assessed for active infection by RT-qPCR.

Results

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence increased from 27.6% in the first survey (May 2021) to 63.6%, 91.2%, and 91.1% in the second (October 2021), third (January 2022), and fourth (May 2022) surveys, respectively. Seroprevalence in individuals < 18 years, who were not eligible for vaccination, increased from 23.1% in the first survey to 87.1% in the fourth. The prevalence of active infection was below 10.1% in all surveys.

Conclusions

A high seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 was observed in the study population, including individuals not eligible for vaccination at that time, particularly after circulation of the highly transmissible Delta variant. These data are important to inform decision making on the vaccination strategies in the context of pandemic slowdown in Mozambique.

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莫桑比克南部农村地区在四次 COVID-19 之后的 SARS-CoV-2 高暴露率：基于社区的血清流行病学调查

背景莫桑比克是 SARS-CoV-2 检测能力有限的许多非洲国家之一。在莫桑比克，血清调查是估算真实接触率以了解流行病学和传播动态的另一种方法，但这种方法在莫桑比克很少见。在此，我们旨在估算曼希萨区普通人群在四个时间点的 SARS-CoV-2 特定年龄血清流行率，以评估暴露动态和疫苗接种的影响。方法我们在 2021 年 5 月至 2022 年 6 月期间进行了四次社区血清流行病学调查，每次间隔 3 个月，以评估 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的流行情况。我们从人口监测数据库中随机抽取了4810人作为年龄分层样本（0-19岁、20-39岁、40-59岁和≥60岁），并使用WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 IgG + IgM ELISA对他们的血样进行了分析。此外，还通过 RT-qPCR 对 2209 名参与者的鼻咽拭子进行了活动性感染评估。结果 SARS-CoV-2 血清流行率从第一次调查（2021 年 5 月）的 27.6%，分别上升到第二次调查（2021 年 10 月）、第三次调查（2022 年 1 月）和第四次调查（2022 年 5 月）的 63.6%、91.2% 和 91.1%。不符合接种条件的 18 岁人群的血清流行率从第一次调查的 23.1%上升到第四次调查的 87.1%。在所有调查中，活动性感染率均低于 10.1%。结论在研究人群中观察到 SARS-CoV-2 的高血清流行率，包括当时不符合疫苗接种条件的人，尤其是在高传播性的 Delta 变种流行之后。这些数据对于在莫桑比克疫情减缓的背景下制定疫苗接种策略非常重要。

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来源期刊

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.50%

发文量

120

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.