IEEE Transactions on Magnetics最新文献

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Strategies for Global Topology Optimization for Given Stray Field Distributions 给定杂散场分布的全局拓扑优化策略
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3554430
Florian Slanovc;Michael Ortner;Gregor Wautischer;Paul Heistracher;Claas Abert;Dieter Suess
{"title":"Strategies for Global Topology Optimization for Given Stray Field Distributions","authors":"Florian Slanovc;Michael Ortner;Gregor Wautischer;Paul Heistracher;Claas Abert;Dieter Suess","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3554430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3554430","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a global approach to magnetic topology optimization for hard magnetic materials, aiming to achieve a specific stray field distribution. The proposed method utilizes a hybrid optimization algorithm that integrates the strengths of both local and global optimization techniques. The ideas, advantages, and disadvantages of each approach are discussed in detail and tested and illustrated using selected model problems. The results show that global optimization approaches are necessary to achieve significantly lower minima of the objective function, since multiple local minima might occur for such problems and the outcome of local optimization methods highly depends on the chosen starting configurations.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Physics-Informed Neural Network for Solving 1-D Nonlinear Time-Domain Magneto-Quasi-Static Problems 求解一维非线性时域磁准静态问题的物理信息神经网络
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553236
Ziqing Guo;Binh Nguyen;Ruth V. Sabariego
{"title":"Physics-Informed Neural Network for Solving 1-D Nonlinear Time-Domain Magneto-Quasi-Static Problems","authors":"Ziqing Guo;Binh Nguyen;Ruth V. Sabariego","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553236","url":null,"abstract":"The nonlinear (NL) magnetic material law is crucial for an accurate estimation of the core losses in electromagnetic devices. However, this law comes with a certain level of uncertainty. Conventionally, the experimental material data are fit in parameterized material models that are then integrated in computational field methods, e.g., finite elements. In this article, we aim to explore the capabilities of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for characterizing magnetic materials. Therefore, we consider a 1-D time-domain magneto-quasi-static (MQS) problem including saturation and hysteresis. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) together with the initial conditions (ICs) and boundary conditions (BCs) are incorporated into the PINN loss function, resulting in an optimization procedure. Particular attention is paid to the computation of derivatives, studying the performance of automatic differentiation (AD) and finite difference (FD). A 1-D FE solution serves as validation.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magneto-Mechanical Effects in an Atomistic Spin Model 原子自旋模型中的磁-机械效应
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553439
Yu-Ching Hsiao;Oleg Udalov;Farzad Mahfouzi;Igor Beloborodov;Nicholas Kioussis;Gregory Carman;Christopher Lynch
{"title":"Magneto-Mechanical Effects in an Atomistic Spin Model","authors":"Yu-Ching Hsiao;Oleg Udalov;Farzad Mahfouzi;Igor Beloborodov;Nicholas Kioussis;Gregory Carman;Christopher Lynch","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3553439","url":null,"abstract":"A phenomenological model of two Co adatoms on a Cu(100) substrate was developed using a hybrid approach with “magneto-displacement” effects taken into account. The phenomenological model used parameters obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The coupled Landau-Lifshitz (LL) equation and Newton’s equation of motion governing magnetic and mechanical degrees of freedom provide the foundation of the model. The modeled to several key results. A mechanism for ferromagnetic (FM)-to-antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition induced by displacement of the adatoms was demonstrated. Mechanical tunability of magnetic resonant frequencies was shown. Displacement-assisted in-plane (IP)-to-out-of-plane (OOP) switching was demonstrated. In addition, the model demonstrates that mechanical displacement can induce an AFM IP-to-FM OOP transition, facilitated by a reduced external magnetic field.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Seed Layer Annealing on Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Pt/Co/Pt Trilayers Deposited on Si Substrates With Cu Seed Layers 种子层退火对Cu种子层沉积Pt/Co/Pt三层薄膜垂直磁各向异性的影响
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552816
Jeongjun Kim;Joonghoe Dho
{"title":"Effect of Seed Layer Annealing on Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Pt/Co/Pt Trilayers Deposited on Si Substrates With Cu Seed Layers","authors":"Jeongjun Kim;Joonghoe Dho","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552816","url":null,"abstract":"Pt/Co/Pt trilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) were deposited onto Si substrates with Cu seed layers, which were thermally annealed at various temperatures to alter their surface roughness. Annealing at temperatures up to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$475~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C induced significant grain growth in the 5 nm thick Cu seed layer, substantially increasing its surface roughness. At <inline-formula> <tex-math>$500~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, the root-mean-square (rms) roughness of the Cu seed layer surpassed the 0.8 nm thickness of the Co layer, potentially disrupting its continuity. This increased surface roughness created pinning sites that significantly enhanced coercivity—up to approximately 430% compared to the as-deposited trilayer—by impeding domain wall motion. However, the excessive roughness at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$500~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C weakened ferromagnetic exchange interactions between Co spins, diminishing PMA and coercivity. Magnetic domain images revealed that the increasing Cu layer roughness promoted the formation of new domain nucleation sites while reducing domain wall velocity. These findings demonstrate that the perpendicular magnetic properties of the Pt/Co/Pt layer can be controlled by the microstructural characteristics of the underlying seed layer.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficiency Enhancement in Spin-Orbit Torque MRAM With Low Resistivity and High Spin Hall Angle in Ta/Pt Multilayer Channel 低电阻率高自旋霍尔角自旋-轨道转矩MRAM在Ta/Pt多层通道中的效率提升
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552339
Hyun-Jun Lee;Ji-Won Yoon;Soeun Ahn;Dong-Soo Han;Byong-Guk Park;Byeong-Kwon Ju;Seung-Heon Chris Baek
{"title":"Efficiency Enhancement in Spin-Orbit Torque MRAM With Low Resistivity and High Spin Hall Angle in Ta/Pt Multilayer Channel","authors":"Hyun-Jun Lee;Ji-Won Yoon;Soeun Ahn;Dong-Soo Han;Byong-Guk Park;Byeong-Kwon Ju;Seung-Heon Chris Baek","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3552339","url":null,"abstract":"Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is a phenomenon where spin current, generated by applying charge current to heavy metals (HMs) with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), is used to control the magnetization of a ferromagnetic (FM) layer. In this study, we investigate the SOT properties and power consumption of Ta/Pt multilayered SOT channel devices. By varying the Pt concentration in the Ta channel, the spin Hall angle transitions from negative (Ta-like) to positive (Pt-like), with Ta20Pt80 achieving an 18% increase in spin Hall angle compared to pure Ta. Furthermore, as the Pt concentration increases, the resistivity of the channel decreases, leading to improved power consumption efficiency. Finally, we analyze the overall power consumption efficiency of the channel material, considering both resistivity and spin Hall angle. The result is that the power consumption of Ta20Pt80 improved by <inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 6.1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared to that of a pure Ta.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Analytical Model of 6-DOF Maglev Planar Motor With Passive Halbach PM Mover 无源Halbach永磁电机六自由度磁悬浮平面电机的三维电磁解析模型
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3550556
Yixing Wang;Jianhu Yan;Long Zhang;Liming Yuan
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Analytical Model of 6-DOF Maglev Planar Motor With Passive Halbach PM Mover","authors":"Yixing Wang;Jianhu Yan;Long Zhang;Liming Yuan","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3550556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3550556","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic charge method (MCM) is usually used for analyzing the passive permanent magnet (PM) mover of maglev planar motor (MPM). However, this method cannot characterize the 3-D magnetic field of this mover type due to its lack of ability to model the magnetic field at the longitudinal end of the mover. In this article, a general 3-D electromagnetic analytical model based on the equivalent surface current method (SCM) is proposed, which can accurately characterize the 3-D magnetic field of this type of mover for future optimization. First, a single-degree-of-freedom (DOF) 3-D analytical model of a single-set Halbach PM array is established by the equivalent SCM, and an analytical algorithm based on 3-D spatial transformation and magnetic vector mapping is proposed to extend the single-DOF to 6-DOF model. Then, the 6-DOF 3-D electromagnetic analytical model of the passive Halbach PM mover of the MPM is obtained by using the principle of magnetic field superposition. Furthermore, in order to verify the accuracy of this model, a 3-D finite element analysis (FEAs) of the Halbach PM array and the mover of MPM are implemented and compared with the analytical method. Besides, in order to verify the generality of this improved analytical model, another passive Halbach PM mover type with triangular array was also analyzed and compared. Finally, a test platform is built to measure the magnetic field of the mover of MPM and experimental results were compared with the SCM and finite element method (FEM). The results indicate that this improved analytical model can be used to characterize the 3-D magnetic field of the Halbach PMs and the movers of MPM accurately, which can provide a basis for the study of the end effect of PM array and the design optimization of the mover structure. Most importantly, the 3-D magnetic field analytical model presented in this article plays a crucial role in the detection of the mover’s pose in MPM.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Study of the Environmental Conditions in Nanoscale Air Bearings Affecting Head Smear Formation 纳米尺度空气轴承中影响头部污迹形成的环境条件的直接模拟蒙特卡罗研究
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3549056
Roshan Mathew Tom;David Bogy
{"title":"A Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Study of the Environmental Conditions in Nanoscale Air Bearings Affecting Head Smear Formation","authors":"Roshan Mathew Tom;David Bogy","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3549056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3549056","url":null,"abstract":"We use the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method along with the consistent Boltzmann algorithm (CBA) to study the environmental factors affecting smear formation in a representative heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) air bearing. We focus on the humidity, temperature, density, and velocity fields due to the high-temperature hotspot on the head-disk interface. We find that the gas temperature gradient in the vertical direction is significantly smaller than that expected by the temperature difference between the head and disk surfaces. This is possible since the head-disk clearance limits the mean free path of the gas bearing. Consequently, the velocity field of the gas in the vertical direction also showed a drift from the colder to the hotter surface at low spacing. We also observed a high partial pressure of water vapor in the gas bearing, several times higher than the ambient level due to the higher gas temperature and pressure.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on Performance Degradation Mechanism and Correction of Core Loss Model of Amorphous Alloys Based on Wire Cutting 基于线切割的非晶合金性能退化机理及芯损模型修正研究
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3548722
Zhixiao Zhao;Shuheng Qiu;Jinhua Chen;Derang Cao;Ruilin Pei;Huiqin Sun;Chi Zhang
{"title":"Research on Performance Degradation Mechanism and Correction of Core Loss Model of Amorphous Alloys Based on Wire Cutting","authors":"Zhixiao Zhao;Shuheng Qiu;Jinhua Chen;Derang Cao;Ruilin Pei;Huiqin Sun;Chi Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3548722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3548722","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphous alloys (AAs) exhibit low core loss, making them ideal for high-speed motor cores, significantly enhancing motor efficiency. However, the performance of AAs declines after being processed into cores, leading to significant calculation errors in AA core loss and reducing motor design accuracy. Consequently, identifying the causes of performance degradation in AAs after wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) and establishing an accurate core loss calculation model poses a significant challenge. This article analyzes the magnetic properties, nanoindentation, micromorphology, and composition of AA samples, proposing a performance degradation mechanism for WEDM-formed AA cores based on electrochemical corrosion through comparisons to original thin ribbons. By constructing the relationship between magnetic properties and the content of corrosion products in WEDM-formed AAs, we establish a core loss calculation model rooted in the performance degradation mechanism. The model’s accuracy is validated through magnetic properties tests, demonstrating strong generalization ability and providing a valuable reference for evaluating high-speed motor performance.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Control-Oriented Modeling of Single-Phase Transformers 面向控制的单相变压器建模
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3546744
Nicolai Schwartze;Sonja Moschik;Markus Reichhartinger
{"title":"Control-Oriented Modeling of Single-Phase Transformers","authors":"Nicolai Schwartze;Sonja Moschik;Markus Reichhartinger","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3546744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3546744","url":null,"abstract":"A control-oriented mathematical model for single-phase transformers, including the effects of saturation, hysteresis, and classical eddy current losses, is proposed. The model equations are derived by combining the mechanical and electrical properties of the ferromagnetic transformers’ core. This approach offers the flexibility for model enhancement by providing a procedure for incorporating additional domain-specific effects. It is shown that the model satisfies well-established properties of systems with hysteresis. The model is mathematically analyzed and experimentally validated on different transformers, confirming the applicability for a wide range of devices. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the model structure is independent of any specific choice of the input signal form by reproducing experimental results for both sinusoidal and rectangular excitation voltages. The proposed model is compared with a single-phase transformer model based on the well-recognized Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model, which generally highlights the competitiveness in terms of accuracy and required computational effort for simulation studies. Therefore, the model is well suited for model-based controller design tasks and real-time applications.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 5","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10908232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Publication Information IEEE电磁学学报出版信息
IF 2.1 3区 工程技术
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2025.3542946
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3542946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3542946","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10906302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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