IEEE Transactions on Magnetics最新文献

{"title":"Structural and Magnetic Characterization of a Ferrofluid Obtained Through an Economical Way of Chemical Synthesis","authors":"Iván Cely Orjuela, Patricia C. Rivas Rojas, Pablo Tancredi, Oscar Moscoso Londoño, Leandro M. Socolovsky","doi":"10.1109/tmag.2024.3418627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2024.3418627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141786155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prototype Verification of Flux Reversal Motor With Cross-Pole Shape Stator","authors":"Yue Yu;Kenji Nakamura","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430941","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430941","url":null,"abstract":"A flux reversal motor (FRM) is one of the doubly salient permanent magnet (PM) motors. It has an advantage in torque density and a straightforward structure. Thus, the FRM has attracted the attention of both researchers and developers in recent years. First, this article demonstrates an optimized-designed proposed high-performance FRM with a cross-pole shape stator. Compared with the conventional flux reversal machine, the proposed FRM used less PMs to prevent magnetic saturation and enhance torque density. Also, the optimized-designed cross-pole shape FRM can tremendously reduce eddy current losses in PMs and increase motor efficiency. This article provides a detailed analysis of the finite element method (FEM) and the prototype test results of the proposed FRM, which is proven the usability of cross-pole shape FRM.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141786350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and Comparison Between Flux-Switching Motors With Pole-Changing and Hybrid-Excited Designs","authors":"Zhuofan He;Feng Xiao;Yi Du;Xiaoyong Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431246","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431246","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, two flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) motors with pole-changing design (PC-FSPM) and hybrid-excitation design (HE-FS) are compared. First, the evolution processes of these two motors from a conventional FSPM motor are introduced based on the pole-changing (PC) and hybrid excited (HE) designs. Then, the operation principles of the two motors are introduced based on air-gap field modulation theory. Next, the two motors are optimized and compared by finite-element analysis (FEA). The result shows that the speed-regulation ability from the PC operation is better than its counterpart in addition to the torque advantage. A prototype of the PC-FSPM motor is manufactured and tested. The measured results agree well with FEA ones.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Cu Powders Doping on Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Sm₂Co₁₇ Permanent Magnets","authors":"Bo Zhou;Yong Ding;Shuaikang Song;Chunguo Wang;Chaozhong Wang;Lei Liu;Yingli Sun;Aru Yan","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431010","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431010","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the influence of Cu powders doping on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Sm2Co17 permanent magnets is systematically investigated. For high-energy-product Sm2Co17 (low initial Cu content), the intrinsic coercivity is significantly improved from 11.7 to 25.7 kOe with 1 wt.% Cu powders doping. The flux loss (soaking at 300 °C for 2 h) is reduced from 7.4% to 3.8%, and the average flexure strength is improved from 60.2 to 74.1 MPa. For high-temperature-resistant Sm2Co17 (high initial Cu content), the intrinsic coercivity is slightly reduced from 39.2 to 38.3 kOe with 1 wt.% Cu powders doping. The flux loss (soaking at 300 °C for 2 h) is increased from 1.4% to 3.4%, and the average flexure strength is improved from 86.7 to 93.2 MPa. The differences in magnetic properties change of these two Sm2Co17 permanent magnets are closely related with their initial Cu content. The doped Cu is prone to diffuse into intragranular cell boundaries in magnet with low initial Cu content. The increased Cu content in intragranular cell boundaries benefits the improvement of intrinsic coercivity, thus enhancing the thermal stability and reducing the flux loss. Doping Cu powders may increase the Cu-rich phase around ground boundaries, which will hinder the grain growth during heat treatment. The decrease of grain size will enhance the flexure strength, while it will increase the flux loss.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Motor With Uneven Magnetomotive Force Shift","authors":"Han Chen;Feng Xiao;Yi Du;Xiaoyong Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431213","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3431213","url":null,"abstract":"Flux reversal permanent magnet (FRPM) motors have been perceived as promising candidates for various applications, such as electric vehicles and aerospace. However, FRPM motors usually confront low torque density due to an inherent characteristic of low utilization of permanent magnets. In this article, an uneven magnetomotive force shift design is employed for an FRPM motor to emerge new working harmonics and improve the torque density. Based on the general field modulation theory, the principle is discussed. Moreover, by finite element analysis, the electromagnetic performance comparisons are made among the proposed motor and its two counterparts. The results reveal that the proposed motor exhibits the highest average torque and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Temperature Magnetization, Calorimetric Properties, and Magnetocaloric Effect of Europium Chalcogenides EuSe and EuSe₀.₉₀S₀.₁₀","authors":"Julieth Caro Patiño;Denis Paulo Neto;Angelo Marcio Gomes","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430866","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430866","url":null,"abstract":"We present the experimental results of the magnetic and calorimetric properties as well as the magnetocaloric effect of the \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {EuSe}_{1-x}textit {S}_{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 compounds with \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$x = 0$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and 0.03, whose final composition was 0.10. In this family of samples, we observe a competition of antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and ferromagnetic behavior for low temperatures between 2.5 and 40 K. The magnetocaloric quantities \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta {S}_{text {M}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta T_{text {ad}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 have high values for the two compounds of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$32.5~{text {J},text {kg}^{-1}text {K}^{-1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 (9.8 K) for EuSe and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$29.3~{text {J},text {kg}^{-1}text {K}^{-1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 (9.1 K) for EuSe090S010, respectively. The results indicated that these alloys are good candidates for gas liquefaction in cryogenics temperatures.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Ultra-Thin Self-Resonant Coupler With Nanocrystalline Flake Ribbons for Wireless Power Transfer System","authors":"Jingchun Xiang;C. Q. Jiang;Tianlu Ma;Yibo Wang;Yuanshuang Fan","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3429488","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3429488","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces an ultra-thin self-resonant coupler using nanocrystalline flake ribbon (NFR) material for wireless power transfer (WPT). The self-resonant coupler has garnered certain attention in the industry due to its ability to eliminate the compensating capacitor, resulting in a notable increase in power density. However, most research endeavors have primarily focused on WPT systems operating at megahertz frequencies with low power levels. Nanocrystalline materials exhibit high magnetic saturation and lower core loss in comparison to conventional MnZn materials. In addition, NFR materials offer ultra-thin profiles and flexibility, enabling the creation of compact WPT systems. In this study, the self-resonant coupler is fabricated with a double-D (DD) structured, flexible printed circuit (FPC) pad and integrated NFR core. This configuration achieves a power output of 400 W at 32 kHz, rendering it suitable for flexible surface WPT charging systems within a thickness of 0.54 mm.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Design and Experimental Analysis of Rotor Casting Defect Detector","authors":"Kyu-Seok Lee;Jae-Hyeok Seo;Sung-Ho Lee","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3429619","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3429619","url":null,"abstract":"The rotor of an induction motor, commonly known as a squirrel cage rotor, is manufactured via the die-casting process. The squirrel cage rotor comprises a rotor core, conductor bars, and end rings manufactured using either aluminum or copper via the die-casting process. Most induction motors used in industrial applications are equipped with squirrel cage rotors, which are advantageous owing to the ease of their mass production. However, when a rotor is manufactured via die casting, gas is introduced into the conductor bar and end ring areas, forming pores and shrinkage cavities. These defects adversely affect the quality of the manufactured rotors. They may result in problems during post-processing and assembly. When rotor casting defects are present, these problems can increase material costs and time loss. Therefore, this study proposes a model that can promptly detect casting defects when a rotor is manufactured. Additionally, the model enhances the size and waveform of the detection signal by optimizing the geometry of the detector core, ensuring consistent performance under the same operating conditions. An improved prototype model was designed and manufactured based on a previously studied detector model, and finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results were compared to verify the validity of the analysis technique. Moreover, the core shape of the rotor casting defect detector was optimized, and the detection signal of the optimized model was analyzed and compared with that of the FEA. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of the detection signal of the optimized detector model shows an increase of more than ten-fold in the magnitude of the fundamental wave and more than 36% reduction in the total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to the initial model.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Energy-Efficient Sinusoidal Power Clocking-Based Writing Circuitry for the Hybrid CMOS/MTJ Architecture","authors":"Wu Yang;Amit Degada;Himanshu Thapliyal","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430120","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3430120","url":null,"abstract":"Spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) offers a promising solution for low-power and high-density memory due to its compatibility with CMOS, higher density, scalable nature, and non-volatility. However, the higher energy required to write bit cells has remained a key challenge for its adaptation into battery-operated smart handheld devices. The existing low-energy writing solutions require additional complex control logic mechanisms, further constraining the available area. In this research, we propose a solution to design energy-efficient write circuits by incorporating two techniques together. First, we propose the sinusoidal power clocking mechanism replacing the DC power supply in the conventional CMOS design. Second, we propose three lookup table (LUT)-based control logic circuits and one write circuit to reduce the area and further minimize energy dissipation. The experimental results are verified over the case study implementations of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$4 times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 STT-MRAM macro designed using bit cell configurations: i) one transistor and one magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) (1T-1MTJ) and ii) four transistors and two MTJs (4T-2MTJ). The post-layout simulation for the frequency range from 250 kHz to 6.25 MHz shows that the write circuit, which uses the proposed LUT-based control logic circuits and a write driver with a sinusoidal power supply, achieves more than a 65.05% average energy saving compared to the CMOS counterpart. Furthermore, the write circuit, which uses the proposed 6T write driver with the sinusoidal power supply, shows an improvement in energy saving by more than 70.60% compared to the CMOS counterpart. We also verified that the energy-saving performance remains relatively consistent with the change in temperature and the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Slotless Structure for Minimizing Cogging Torque and Torque Ripple in a Column Type EPS Motor for Vehicles","authors":"Do-Hyeon Choi;Dong-Ho Kim;Hyung-Sub Han;Dong-Hoon Jung;Won-Ho Kim","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3428343","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3428343","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the automotive market is undergoing a vibrant transition toward component electrification driven by the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. The steering system, electric power steering (EPS), has evolved gradually from traditional hydraulic systems (HPSs) to electric systems. The current state sees the majority of commercial vehicles equipped with electric EPS systems. EPS reduces the steering effort applied to the steering wheel during low-speed driving, enhancing driving convenience. It is widely adopted in most commercial vehicles due to numerous advantages such as system simplification, speed-dependent steering control, and vehicle weight reduction compared to traditional HPSs. EPS can achieve a 3%–5% improvement in fuel efficiency compared to traditional HPSs because it operates only when the driver manipulates the steering wheel. However, what matters most in EPS is vibration and noise. Drivers are directly exposed to the vibration and noise of EPS. Therefore, it is crucial to implement electromagnetic designs that reduce cogging torque and torque ripple, which are the causes of vibrations and noise in electric motors. However, due to the inherent characteristics of electric motors, in structures designed for winding coil windings, such as fixed stator slots and teeth, the variation in reluctance during operation is not consistent. Consequently, this leads to an increase in the occurrence of cogging torque and torque ripple. However, if an EPS motor is designed with a structure lacking stator teeth, the change in reluctance during rotor rotation remains constant. In theory, this would significantly reduce cogging torque and torque ripple when the rotor is in motion. Therefore, in this article, the conventional EPS motor, designed with a structure containing stator teeth resulting in cogging torque and torque ripple, is targeted for reduction. This article designed a slotless motor structure with the goal of significantly minimizing these effects. In this article, pursued a design to achieve the target output of the EPS slotless motor and enhance the overall output density. Ultimately, this motor designed, fabricated, and analyzed a motor for the automotive EPS system with the capability to reduce vibrations and noise while achieving weight reduction.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}