Haoda Li;Yanhui Gao;Xiaojun Zhao;Weimin Guan;Siyuan Wang
{"title":"Experimental Characterization and Analysis of Magnetic Local Forces in Nonlinear Magnetic Materials","authors":"Haoda Li;Yanhui Gao;Xiaojun Zhao;Weimin Guan;Siyuan Wang","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3697887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3697887","url":null,"abstract":"Many different formulations are available for the local force calculation of a nonlinear magnetic body. The accuracy of these methods has not yet been experimentally verified. As a verification test on magnetic local force formulations for nonlinear magnetic materials, an experimental benchmark model is established. The deformation of ten types of nonlinear magnetic materials subjected to a uniform magnetic field is measured using a high-precision camera. The nonlinear magnetic behavior of the cores and materials in the experimental setup, and the elastic parameters of the magnetic materials, are also measured for the benchmark model. The influences of mechanical and magnetic properties on local deformation were analyzed. The experimental results can be used in numerical simulations employing different local force formulations to predict this deformation and for comparison.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"6000306-6000306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Litao Dai;Shuangxia Niu;Xiaohui Huang;Zekai Lyu;Zhenyao Sun;K. T. Chau
{"title":"A Dual-Stator Synchronous-Vernier Permanent Magnet Machine: Comprehensive Design-Space Study for Power Factor Enhancement","authors":"Litao Dai;Shuangxia Niu;Xiaohui Huang;Zekai Lyu;Zhenyao Sun;K. T. Chau","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692558","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive study of a new double-stator synchronous-Vernier permanent magnet (PM) machine topology aimed at maximizing both power factor and torque density. The proposed machine employs two stators sharing the same rotor pole count: one stator adopts a low-spatial-pole PM Vernier machine (PMVM) winding, while the other uses a high-spatial-pole PM synchronous machine (PMSM) winding. This configuration combines the high torque density characteristic of PMVMs with the superior power factor of PMSMs. Crucially, the double-stator configuration offers substantial design flexibility, including the selection of pole–slot combinations, winding connection schemes, inter-winding phase shifts, and multiple geometric parameters, thereby enabling a continuous tradeoff between power factor and torque. These design degrees of freedom are systematically analyzed in this work to fully exploit the performance potential of the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"8202006-8202006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengze Gao;Ruihang Li;Xiaojun Zhao;Fangyu Gao;Haoda Li;Lanrong Liu
{"title":"Complex Frequency-Domain Finite Element Analysis for Magneto-Mechanical Coupling in Amorphous Wound Cores","authors":"Shengze Gao;Ruihang Li;Xiaojun Zhao;Fangyu Gao;Haoda Li;Lanrong Liu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3703845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3703845","url":null,"abstract":"To accurately simulate the vibration characteristics of soft magnetic wound cores under square-wave excitation, a magneto-mechanical coupling finite element method (FEM) in the complex frequency domain is proposed. Based on harmonic balance theory, the Laplace transform is employed to model the nonlinear magnetic field, while parallel computing is incorporated to improve computational efficiency. The equivalent mechanical parameters of the wound core, the homogeneous Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, are determined and used to construct a 2-D magneto-mechanical coupling model. The simulation results, including magnetic field distributions and vibrational displacements, are validated against experimental measurements of an amorphous wound core, and the factors affecting computational efficiency are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"7402606-7402606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid A. Omari;Xingtai Chen;Matthew T. Bryan;Phil Meeson;Wenqing Liu
{"title":"Switchable Nonreciprocity of Spin-Wave Interference Patterns in In-Plane/Perpendicular-Magnetic-Anisotropy Waveguide System","authors":"Khalid A. Omari;Xingtai Chen;Matthew T. Bryan;Phil Meeson;Wenqing Liu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3693146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3693146","url":null,"abstract":"Wave-based computing paradigms exploit interference and nonreciprocal propagation as essential ingredients for non-Boolean information processing. In magnetic systems, spin-wave (SW) dynamics naturally provide access to such functionalities. Previously reported nonreciprocal SW devices generally lack reconfigurability. Here, we demonstrate through micromagnetic simulations that exchange-coupled bilayers combining in-plane anisotropy and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) form a reconfigurable waveguide enabling switchable nonreciprocal SW interference patterns. The nonreciprocal SW interference patterns arise from quasi-domain-wall nanochannels due to competing anisotropies, and the nonreciprocity depends on the switchable magnetization polarity of the PMA layer. This provides additional degrees of freedom in the design of magnonic computing devices.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"1300305-1300305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of Switching Error Probability in Magnetization Switching Using Spin-Splitter Torque","authors":"Tomoki Watanabe;Keisuke Yamada;Yoshinobu Nakatani","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3716057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3716057","url":null,"abstract":"We performed micromagnetic simulations to investigate methods for reducing the switching error probability in magnetization switching driven by spin-splitter torque (SST). Two approaches are proposed: the use of a falling sawtooth current pulse and the introduction of a tilted magnetic easy axis of the magnetization. The effectiveness of each method, as well as their combined implementation, was systematically examined. As a result, a significant reduction in the switching error probability was confirmed for both methods. Moreover, when the two methods were combined, a further reduction was achieved, with the error probability decreased by up to a factor of approximately 1/4420 compared with the conventional scheme.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"1400306-1400306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise-Induced Geometric Deformation of PCA Representations in Magnetically Split Mössbauer Spectra","authors":"Sonia Sharmin;Chiharu Mitsumata;Eiji Kita;Hideto Yanagihara","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692441","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable extraction of hyperfine parameters from Mössbauer spectra becomes challenging when measurements are affected by significant noise. Under such conditions, nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) fitting may produce apparently acceptable spectral fits while the estimated physical parameters deviate substantially from their true values. In this work, we investigate the effect of measurement noise on the geometric structure of Mössbauer spectral data using principal component analysis (PCA). A large synthetic ensemble of magnetically split 57Fe sextet spectra is generated and analyzed using a fixed-basis PCA representation trained on clean spectra. Measurement noise is introduced over a controlled signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) range, and the resulting geometric distortion of the PCA representation is quantified through global subspace drift and local score-space distortion metrics. The results show that increasing noise induces systematic global subspace drift and local score-space dispersion in the PCA representation of the spectral manifold, and that these geometric changes reveal the onset of parameter instability earlier than conventional residual-based fitting diagnostics. These findings demonstrate that PCA-based geometric analysis provides a useful complementary tool for assessing the reliability of Mössbauer parameter extraction under noisy measurement conditions.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"1800105-1800105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Georgieva;D. Tzankov;D. Kovacheva;V. Tumbalev;T. Karadimov;P. A. Georgiev
{"title":"Magnetic and Structural Tuning of Nanocrystalline Ni–Zn Ferrites With Varying Compositions and Heat Treatment","authors":"M. Georgieva;D. Tzankov;D. Kovacheva;V. Tumbalev;T. Karadimov;P. A. Georgiev","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3691386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3691386","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocrystalline Zn-substituted nickel ferrites <inline-formula> <tex-math>$left(mathrm{Ni}_{1-mathrm{x}} mathrm{Zn}_{mathrm{x}} mathrm{Fe}_2 mathrm{O}_4right)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> were synthesized via a glycine fueled auto combustion and subsequently annealed at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$400^{circ} mathrm{C}, 600^{circ} mathrm{C}, 700^{circ} mathrm{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$800^{circ} mathrm{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to investigate the effects of composition and thermal treatment on structural and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses confirm the formation of a singlephase cubic spinel structure across all compositions, with systematic grain growth observed upon increasing annealing temperature. Structural analysis reveals that <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathrm{Zn}^{2+}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ions preferentially occupy tetrahedral (A) sites, leading to a linear expansion of the lattice parameter with increasing Zn content. Magnetic properties are strongly dependent on Zn substitution, with saturation magnetization reaching a maximum near <inline-formula> <tex-math>$x approx 0.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while coercivity decreases nearly linearly with increasing Zn concentration, reflecting reduced magnetocrystalline anisotropy. A ferrimagnetic to superparamagnetic transition is achieved through controlled particle size variation while retaining high magnetic moment, highlighting the potential of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathrm{Ni}_{1-mathrm{x}} mathrm{Zn}_{mathrm{x}} mathrm{Fe}_2 mathrm{O}_4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nanoparticles for biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"2002105-2002105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dennis J. X. Lin;Bee Chun Lim;Jian Rui Soh;James Louremban;Hui Ru Tan;Hnin Yu Yu Ko;Mingsheng Zhang;Hang Khume Tan;Lisen Huang;Shaohai Chen;Pin Ho
{"title":"Composition and Temperature Control of Spin Canting in Mn3+xPt Noncollinear Antiferromagnet","authors":"Dennis J. X. Lin;Bee Chun Lim;Jian Rui Soh;James Louremban;Hui Ru Tan;Hnin Yu Yu Ko;Mingsheng Zhang;Hang Khume Tan;Lisen Huang;Shaohai Chen;Pin Ho","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3683030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3683030","url":null,"abstract":"Noncollinear antiferromagnetic (NCAF) materials, such as <inline-formula> <tex-math>$L1_2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–Mn3Pt, are attractive for energy-efficient sensing, memory, and computing applications. Here, (001)-textured Mn3+xPt NCAF films are fabricated using a [Mn (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{text{Mn}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>: 0.6–0.8 nm)/Pt 0.1 nm]30 multilayer structure, where the Mn thickness (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{text{Mn}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is systematically modulated to control the composition and magnetic structure. Increasing the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{text{Mn}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> adjusts the Mn:Pt ratio from 2.8:1 to 4.3:1, leading to the partial replacement of Pt lattice sites by the excess Mn atoms and thereby modifying the magnetic structure. The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) loops of the multilayers exhibit polarity reversal at different critical transition temperatures (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$T_{text{cri}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), reducing from 235 to 135 K when <inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{text{Mn}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is increased from 0.6 to 0.7 nm. Meanwhile, the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of these multilayers exhibit similar temperature-driven polarity changes near <inline-formula> <tex-math>$T_{text{cri}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Collectively, these results indicate a composition- and temperature-controlled crossover from a predominantly NCAF to spin-canted NCAF order with ferromagnetic-like contribution.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"2500505-2500505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Mode-Induced Strain Gradients on Magnetization Reversal and Frequency Sensitivity in Magnetoelectric MEMS Resonators","authors":"Yuxi Wang;Daozheng Luo;Mingye Du;Jiawei Li;Tao Wu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3692390","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetoelectric (ME) MEMS resonators based on the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta$ </tex-math></inline-formula>E effect enable frequency-based magnetic sensing through magnetic-fieldinduced modulation of the effective elastic modulus. In suspended resonators, operating-mode-induced strain gradients influence magnetization reversal and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta$ </tex-math></inline-formula>E-driven frequency modulation, but their roles remain insufficiently explored. Here, we demonstrate a structural approach to mitigate such strain gradients by introducing a Pt interfacial layer in suspended <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta$ </tex-math></inline-formula>E ME resonators. Finite-element analysis and micromagnetic simulations show that the FeGaB/Pt bilayer reduces the strain gradient and promotes more coherent magnetization reversal. Magnetic-field-dependent measurements reveal an enhanced maximum frequency shift and a more than fivefold improvement in peak field sensitivity, increasing from ~11 to ~56 kHz/mT. These results establish strain-gradient engineering as an effective strategy for optimizing on-chip ME resonators.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"4700105-4700105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149249927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bridge-Selective Saturation-Guided Topology Optimization Within a Hierarchical Framework for IPMSM Rotors","authors":"Ziran Cheng;Jian Gao;Yufeng Zhao;Zhixiang He;Kun Liu;Shoudao Huang","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2026.3702809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2026.3702809","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a novel bridge-selective saturation-guided topology optimization (TO) method for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) rotors within a hierarchical optimization framework. First, the outer-loop parameter optimization provides a baseline rotor configuration, and the nonlinear magnetic behavior of the rotor core is incorporated into the TO framework through a saturation-consistent material interpolation model. Then, the effects of element variation on the saturation states of both the main flux path and the flux-barrier bridge region are simultaneously considered. Next, a region-dependent saturation indicator is embedded into the sensitivity analysis and design updating scheme, such that excessive saturation in the main flux path is suppressed while a higher saturation level in the flux-barrier bridge region is promoted to increase local magnetic reluctance and reduce leakage flux. Finally, a 3-kW IPMSM prototype is built to validate the proposed method, demonstrating its effectiveness and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"62 10","pages":"8205006-8205006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}