In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant最新文献

{"title":"Establishment of first protocol of hypocotyl-based regeneration and callus transformation in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10408-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10408-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Waterhemp (<em>Amaranthus tuberculatus</em> (Moq.) Sauer) is one of the most problematic weeds in the Midwestern agricultural systems in the USA. As a consequence of extensive herbicide selection pressure, many waterhemp populations across the USA evolved resistance to multiple herbicides, leading to limited options for chemical control. Genome editing tools, including CRISPR/Cas9, have great potential in weed science, especially when coupled with a gene drive system for a sustainable weed management. The application of modern biotechnological tools requires availability of an efficient regeneration and genetic transformation system. The objectives of this research were to develop an efficient protocol for successful regeneration of waterhemp <em>via</em> callus culture and optimize an <em>Agrobacterium-</em>mediated transformation method for waterhemp. Hypocotyl explants cultured on callus induction medium (CIM), C6 containing 1.0 mg L⁻¹ kinetin and 4.0 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D for 2 wk followed by subculture into shoot induction medium (SIM), S8 containing 3.0 mg L⁻¹ BAP, 0.05 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D, and 0.3 mg L⁻¹ GA₃ for 4 to 6 wk was successful in shoot regeneration. Leaf explants failed to respond to any treatment combinations tested for regeneration. Using the hypocotyl explant–based regeneration protocol optimized in this research, <em>Agrobacterium</em>-mediated transformation was performed using <em>uidA</em> and <em>hpt</em> genes as a proof of concept. Although transgenic plants were not regenerated, molecular characterization of the transformed calluses confirmed the presence of transgenic genes, for example <em>uidA</em> and <em>hpt</em>. This is the first report of the tissue-cultured-based regeneration and <em>Agrobacterium</em>-mediated transformation of hypocotyl derived calluses in waterhemp, which is a step forward in exploring the possibilities of genome editing research in weed science.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140004427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo regeneration efficiency of enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) using indigenous shoot induction method developed in Ethiopia","authors":"Bizuayehu Tesfaye, Bewuketu Haile","doi":"10.1007/s11627-024-10411-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-024-10411-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enset (<i>Ensete ventricosum</i> [Welw.] Cheesman) is native to Ethiopia, valued for its versatility and drought tolerance. Farmers have developed a vegetative method for regenerating multiple shoots that produce plantlets derived from wound callus, a process similar to shoot production in <i>in vitro</i> tissue culture. This <i>in vivo</i> regeneration method, however, is a low-cost, tissue culture-free technique that is executed in a field context. The objectives of this study were to investigate the efficiency of <i>in vivo</i> regeneration in different enset landraces using the indigenous method of shoot induction and to compare the capability of wild and domesticated enset landraces to regenerate shoots. Three corm treatments (whole, halved, and quartered) from wild and from three domesticated landraces (<i>Gudiro</i>, <i>Bosso</i>, and <i>Yekko</i>), each of which corm or corm pieces with the apical meristem was removed, were buried in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The study demonstrated that enset plants can be easily propagated <i>via</i> mechanical cuttings of their corms, giving rise to plantlets deriving from wound callus. This can be done in soil; for example, it is not necessary to use costly <i>in vitro</i> techniques. All domesticated enset landraces showed 100% regeneration frequency in every condition of corm treatment employed and produced an average of 51 to 501 shoots per corm depending on landraces and corm treatments used. In wild enset, 50 to 95% regeneration and an average of 6 to 85 shoots per corm were noted depending on the corm treatments. In general, the regeneration capacity of enset was strongly influenced by the landrace and corm treatment. Splitting the corm has remarkably enhanced shoot induction efficiency in every enset landrace including in wild enset: the more pieces the corm was split into, the more sprouts per corm. Furthermore, this study revealed that domesticated enset has a significantly higher capacity for shoot regeneration compared to wild enset, which could provide some insights into the evolution of this clonal crop. Clonal propagation likely conditioned the pathways of enset evolution under domestication.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139988327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct organ regeneration from apical shoot buds of adult Pinus massoniana Lamb","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11627-024-10415-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-024-10415-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract </h3> <p>Direct organogenesis is an important technique for plant rapid propagation, which is mainly controlled by the balance of auxin and cytokinin. <em>Pinus massoniana</em> (Lamb.) is a perennial tree species with high application value. Previous studies have shown that direct organ regeneration of young <em>P. massoniana</em> is feasible. However, there are few reports on direct organogenesis of adult <em>P. massoniana</em>. This research studied the effects of apical shoot bud disinfection, plant growth regulators of axillary bud induction, and adventitious root induction of adult <em>P. massoniana</em>. The results showed that the survival rate could reach 50% after removing the outer coat scales and soaking in 500.0 mg L⁻¹ carbendazim solution for 10 min, 75% alcohol for 30 s, and 2.0% NaClO with one drop of Tween for 25 min. The addition of 0.2% plant preservative mixture (PPM) to the medium effectively inhibited contamination of endogenous bacteria, and the survival rate was 90%. The suitable medium for axillary bud induction was Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA, 2.0 mg L⁻¹) and indolebutyric acid (IBA, 0.1 mg L⁻¹), and the induction rate reached 15%. A single apical shoot bud induced up to seven axillary buds, and the axillary buds grew vigorously. In addition, 6-BA (2.0 mg L⁻¹) was suitable for needle bundle axillary bud induction. Quarter Douglas-fir cotyledon revised medium (DCR; Gupta and Durzan 1985) with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.5 mg L⁻¹) and IBA (0.1 mg L⁻¹) was the most suitable for adventitious root induction. This study preliminarily constructed a regeneration system for direct organogenesis of adult <em>P. massoniana</em>, which was expected to provide key technical support for vegetative propagation of excellent breeding materials for adult <em>P. massoniana</em>.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro micropropagation of a novel non-flowering radiation mutant of Platanus × acerifolia Willd.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10409-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10409-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>An efficient <em>in vitro</em> micropropagation system for <em>Platanus</em> × <em>acerifolia</em> ‘F03’, a radiation mutant that has not flowered for 19 yr, has been established. Axillary buds were used as explants. After sprouting on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.3 mg·L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) together with 0.05 mg·L⁻¹ α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), the best medium for multiplication and elongation was MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine and with a multiplication rate of 3.43 ± 0.57. Plantlets over 1.5 cm could root on McCown Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with 0.01 mg·L⁻¹ α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 7.0 g·L⁻¹ agar with an ideal rooting rate and transplanting survival rate of 100 ± 0%. The optimum survival rate was possible when trays were covered with a thin plastic lid for more than 14 d. After transplanting, air humidity and temperature were crucial for young plant survival. The system established here could serve as a pathway for commercial production of the line and provide sterile leaf explants for regeneration and further genetic improvement of the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status and prospects of yam somatic embryogenesis: a pathway for biotechnology applications","authors":"Chukwunalu O. Ossai, Morufat O. Balogun, Norbert G. Maroya","doi":"10.1007/s11627-024-10413-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-024-10413-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Yam is an important staple in sub-Saharan Africa, but the availability of quality seed yam is majorly constrained by the low propagation ratio. This is because the propagating explant is limited to the tuber and nodal parts as yam rarely flowers. There are several reports of the use of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in the rapid propagation of different crop species and as a regenerative pathway in plant genetic engineering. However, SE deployment in yam is still at the protocol development stage. This review thus exploits the status of SE application in improving the yam propagation rate. This article reviews the potential of the various yam propagation techniques in rapidly multiplying disease-free yam with their propagating explants. The advantages SE offers are rapidly propagating yam, the factors to consider in the protocol optimization of SE application in rapidly multiplying different yam varieties, and as a platform for full utilization of genetic engineering in yam. The findings so far show that SE potentially offers a faster rate of propagating yam varieties. However, due to the differences in varietal endogenous hormonal and gene products, response to SE in yam is constrained by varietal specificity. Hence, the applicability of SE in yam is still at the protocol development state. This review, thus, presents the need for more research efforts to elucidate the molecular and phytochemical controlling mechanisms of SE in yam to improve the yam multiplication rate and lay an efficient platform for the exploitation of other biotechnological advancements in improving yam species.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction, growth, and characteristics of embryonic cell suspension culture of wild bananas (Musa acuminata ssp.)","authors":"Tri Handayani, Awang Maharijaya, Yudiwanti Wahyu, Sobir, Witjaksono","doi":"10.1007/s11627-024-10412-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-024-10412-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wild bananas and their relatives are potentially utilized for pre-breeding due to their genetic diversity, disease resistance, and tolerance to abiotic stress, and other desirable traits. The embryonic suspension culture of wild bananas provides a means to harness this genetic diversity for banana genetic improvement. This paper elucidates the response of different <i>subspecies M. acuminata</i> (ssp. <i>malaccensis</i>, <i>microcarpa</i>, <i>sumatrana</i>, and <i>breviformis</i>) to the induction, growth, and behavior of suspension cultures and their regeneration into plantlets. Different subspecies exhibit varied responses starting from the embryogenic culture induction stage, culture proliferation, to plantlet formation. The highest competence for plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis was found in ssp. <i>malaccensis</i>, followed by <i>microcarpa</i>, <i>sumatrana</i>, and <i>breviformis</i>. The wild banana embryogenic culture consists of somatic embryos, somatic embryo masses, proembryos, and proembryonic masses, and it proliferates through somatic embryo budding and proembryo proliferation. Maintenance and proliferation of suspension cultures were achieved through subculturing medium-sized cell aggregates (300 to 1000 µm). With an inoculum density of 0.3 g per 30 mL medium, the culture’s proliferation rate reached seven times within 25 d. Embryogenic cultures from the suspensions of ssp. <i>malaccensis</i> and <i>microcarpa</i> were capable of forming somatic embryos upon transfer to a semi-solid somatic embryo development medium and later developed shoots on a semi-solid plant regeneration medium, with conversion efficiencies of 35% and 17%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139760997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoautotrophic potential and photosynthetic competence in Ananas comosus [L]. Merr. cultivar Turiaçu in in vitro culture systems","authors":"Givago Lopes Alves, Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro, Tácila Rayene Marinho-Dutra, Karina da Silva Vieira, Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis Figueiredo, Tiago Massi Ferraz, Eliemar Campostrini, José Domingos Cochicho Ramalho, Thais Roseli Corrêa, Fabrício de Oliveira Reis","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10410-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10410-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Turiaçu pineapple cultivar produces fruits of high organoleptic value but has few biotechnological studies on seedling production. However, conventional <i>in vitro</i> propagation can affect the photosynthetic potential of plants when transferred to the field, thus mitigating measures should be undertaken to solve this limitation, for example by decreasing carbohydrate concentration in the growth medium, adopting bioreactors of temporary immersion with forced ventilation, and using gas permeable membranes in the culture flask. The present work focused on evaluating the growth and development of plantlets from <i>Ananas comosus</i> [L]. Merr. cultivar Turiaçu, an important but neglected pineapple cultivar, under different sucrose concentrations and cultivation systems. For that, the impact of the photomixotrophic and photoautotrophic growth on morphophysiological responses of plants and survival during the <i>ex vitro</i> acclimatization was assessed. The plants were grown in four cultivation systems: permanent immersion system with sealed flasks (PIS-SF); permanent immersion system with natural ventilation (PIS-NV); single-flask temporary immersion bioreactors (TIS-PF); and twin-flasks temporary immersion bioreactors (TIS-RALM), combined with sucrose concentrations (0, 5.0, 15.0, and 30.0 g L⁻¹). The results indicate that Turiaçu plants have photoautotrophic potential <i>in vitro</i>, as the photochemical efficiency of the plants increased in cultivation systems with TIS –RALM gas exchange without the addition of sucrose. Furthermore, it also improved the performance and hardening of plants in <i>ex vitro</i> conditions, which constitutes a crucial step towards the diffusion of this cultivar.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haploid induction through ovary culture in cucumber","authors":"Fildaus Nyirahabimana, İlknur Solmaz","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10406-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10406-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Haploidization technique is the modern and advanced breeding technique used to enhance economically essential crops, including cucumber, to meet consumers’ preferences and needs worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of factors such as genotype, thermal pre-treatments, and nutrient medium combinations that are considered in haploid production <i>via</i> ovary culture in four commercial cucumber varieties. Four different induction media with four distinct maturation medium combinations and three F1 and one open-pollinated (Beith Alpha) cucumber varieties were used. All explants (cucumber ovaries’ slices) were inoculated in induction media and remained at 35 °C/3 d in the dark, then were transferred at 25 ± 1 °C 16-/8-h light/dark photoperiod for a further 9 d. The results of the study demonstrated that the embryo-like structure (ELS) formation rate was high in induction medium 2 which was successful in all varieties of Ptk40 (20%), Botanik (20%), Beith Alpha (16%), and Sardes (13.3%), respectively, compared to other induction medium combinations used in this study. Callus formation rates obtained from regeneration of medium 2 supplemented with 2.0 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were Ptk40 (65%), Sardes (60%), and Botanik (40%), and no callus was formed in Beith Alpha. Due to the findings of this study, the nutrient medium containing KIN and 2,4-D seems to be successful during induction of haploid embryo formation in cucumbers. One plantlet germinated but perished at early stage. The plantlet regeneration was observed to be low. Further studies are required to optimize the embryo regeneration medium composition due to the cucumber growing seasons, genotypes, and nutrient medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of highbush blueberry, strawberry, and saskatoon using V and D cryo-plate methods and monitoring of multiplication ability of regenerated shoots","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10399-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10399-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The purpose of this work was to apply V and D cryo-plate methods for cryopreservation of <em>Vaccinium corymbosum</em> ʻToroʼ, <em>Fragaria</em> × <em>ananassa</em> ʻCleryʼ, and <em>Amelanchier alnifolia</em> (Nutt.) M. Roem. and to monitor the multiplication capacity of shoots regenerated from cryopreserved explants. Shoot tips pre-cultured for 1 d at 23°C in the dark on medium containing 0.3 M sucrose were used as explants. Loading was performed in a solution containing 2 M glycerol and 0.8 M sucrose (30 min at room temperature). In the V cryo-plate, dehydration was carried out at room temperature (20 to 50 min) using the following plant vitrification solutions: original PVS2, 90% PVS2 solution, and PVS3. Regarding the D cryo-plate, dehydration was performed in closed glass containers over silica gel for 2, 2.5, or 3 h. In both protocols, rewarming was carried out in a 1.0 M sucrose solution (15 min at 25°C). Regenerated shoots were multiplied and multiplication parameters were monitored after the second subculture. Using the V cryo-plate method, the highest regrowth in highbush blueberry was obtained following 50-min treatment with all three VSs (61.7 to 80.9%). The D cryo-plate method was even more suitable with maximum regrowth of 89.4% achieved after 2.5 h of desiccation. For strawberry, 62.5% was the highest regrowth recorded using PVS3-based V cryo-plate method while 83.3% of regrowth was observed using D cryo-plate protocol. Regrowth of saskatoon reached a maximum of 50% after 50-min treatment with PVS3 while it did not exceed 40% in other treatments. By the second subculture, shoots regenerated from cryopreserved explants regained and even exceeded the multiplication capacity of shoots regenerated from non-cryopreserved explants. This study is the first to present the successful application of the V cryo-plate method in highbush blueberry, as well as the utilization of both V and D cryo-plate methods in saskatoon.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139498073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue culture response and in vitro plant regeneration of ‘Haruka’ (Cerasus Sato-zakura Group ‘Haruka’), a new cultivar of Japanese flowering cherry","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11627-023-10407-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-023-10407-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>This study describes the <em>in vitro</em> regeneration of ‘Haruka’ plants, a new cultivar of Japanese flowering cherry registered in 2021 by the Japanese statutory authority. As this is a double-flowered cultivar produced by inter-specific hybridization, <em>in vitro</em> regeneration is an effective method for large-scale propagation. To promote proliferation, apical shoots were cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 5 μM 6-benzylaminopurine. The highest average of 7.8 shoots per explant was obtained at 15°C in the dark. Cultures were maintained in continuous darkness for 12 wk and then transferred to lighting conditions under a 16-h photoperiod at 25°C. Subsequently, a 100% rooting rate was obtained with the application of 1 μM indole-3-butyric acid in combination with 0.1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. Additionally, the number of roots per shoot and the maximum length of roots were significantly higher under exposure to pink light illumination provided by cold cathode fluorescent lamps emitting red- and blue-colored light at a ratio of 80% and 20%, respectively. More than 95% of the regenerated plantlets survived after <em>ex vitro</em> acclimatization.</p>","PeriodicalId":13293,"journal":{"name":"In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139461985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}