{"title":"Performance Trade-offs in Optical Edge Detection Filters for Optoelectronic Computing","authors":"Juntao Wu;Kejia Zhang;Yongle Li;Shuiqin Zheng","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605815","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a co-designed optoelectronic framework for edge detection was proposed. Four optical filters Vortex phase filter (VPF), Gaussian vortex filter (GVF), High-pass filter (HPF) and Laguerre-Gaussian vortex filter (LGF)—serve as spatial preprocessing modules in a 4f-system, enhancing edge signals optically, while electronic thresholding modules binarize outputs for decision-making. Quantitative comparisons on BSDS500 under noise-free and multiplicative noise (variance=0.02) conditions evaluate both per-image (OIS) and dataset-scale (ODS) optimization. Using the Canny operator as a reference, the results provide recommendations for optical filters with robust edge detection capabilities and noise resilience.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 24","pages":"1425-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianjian Ruan;Weicai Lin;Dong Sun;Zichen Zhang;Shufan Li;Hongyi Lin
{"title":"Magneto-Optical Modulation of Bismuth-Doped Rare Earth Iron Garnet in a 1342 nm Resonator","authors":"Jianjian Ruan;Weicai Lin;Dong Sun;Zichen Zhang;Shufan Li;Hongyi Lin","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605603","url":null,"abstract":"Although bismuth-doped rare earth iron garnet (BIG) thick films are extensively utilized in optical isolators, magneto-optical switches, and non-reciprocal optical devices due to their exceptionally high Faraday rotation angle, broad spectral response, and remarkable thermal stability, there remains a notable lack of research dedicated to the application of BIG for magneto-optical modulation within laser resonators. In this study, <inline-formula> <tex-math>$340mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m thick BIG films are randomly positioned within the resonant cavity of a Nd:YVO<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{mathbf {4}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> laser at 1342 nm. The saturation magnetic field required for the BIG is only 80 mT. In the absence of an external magnetic field, no laser output is observed. However, when a saturated magnetic field is applied, the laser generates output instantaneously, achieving an output power of up to 485 mW under a pump power of 2987 mW. The experimental results demonstrate that the presence or absence of the output laser can be effectively controlled by adjusting the state of the magnetic field, thereby achieving magneto-optical modulation of the laser. This research not only expands the functional capabilities of BIG thick films, but also provides a novel and efficient intracavity modulation scheme for all-solid-state laser systems. This advancement is anticipated to have significant implications in laser communication, precision processing, quantum optics and other fields.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1385-1388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Yang;Shifeng Liu;Mingzhen Liu;Changlong Du;Shilong Pan
{"title":"Suppressing EDFA Transient Effects Using Polarization Multiplexing","authors":"Li Yang;Shifeng Liu;Mingzhen Liu;Changlong Du;Shilong Pan","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605680","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method for suppressing transient effects in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By employing polarization multiplexing, an amplitude-fluctuating signal and its amplitude-complementary counterpart are simultaneously modulated onto two orthogonal polarization states of the optical carrier. As a result, the total power of the optical carrier remains stable, even though it carries an amplitude-varying signal. Consequently, when this signal is transmitted through an optical link that includes an EDFA, the transient effects of the EDFA are effectively suppressed. In a proof-of-concept experiment, pulse signals with various repetition rates and duty cycles were transmitted without distortion after amplification by the EDFA using the proposed scheme. The proposed approach is applicable to periodic control signals, pulsed single-frequency signals, and wideband pulsed waveforms in EDFA-based optical links, which are essential for radio-over-fiber and microwave photonic systems.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1389-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultra-Compact Large Extinction Ratio Fano Resonance From Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavity","authors":"Bangze Wu;Yingjie Xu;Lidan Lu;Xuhong Chen;Guang Chen;Lianqing Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3604855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3604855","url":null,"abstract":"An ultra-compact photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) with a gradient period constant achieves a high extinction ratio (ER) of 46.108 dB in only <inline-formula> <tex-math>$12.6~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m2. Fano resonance is induced via continuum mode coupling by integrating a partial transmission element (PTE), yielding a single, sharp resonance peak across the 1500 – 1600 nm band. Experimental results confirm pronounced Fano transmission spectra and effective thermally induced wavelength shift. The device is designed for multi-project-wafer (MPW) compatibility, providing exceptional spectral control at sub-wavelength scales, meeting the low-power, high-density requirements of photonic computing and offering broad application potential in photonic convolutional neural networks (CNNs).","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1369-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiwu Hu;Zhijun Zhang;Shenghong Xie;Yinyin Hu;Guang Zhang;Bocang Qiu;Yuechun Shi
{"title":"Fabry–Perot Semiconductor Laser With High-Temperature Operation","authors":"Qiwu Hu;Zhijun Zhang;Shenghong Xie;Yinyin Hu;Guang Zhang;Bocang Qiu;Yuechun Shi","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605252","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrate a 1.31-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m Fabry-Perot (FP) semiconductor laser developed for data communications at temperatures exceeding <inline-formula> <tex-math>$130~^{circ }rm {C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> based on InGaAlAs/InP material system. By optimizing the epi-structure as well as doping profiles, we were able to demonstrate that the device can be operated at ambient temperature as high as <inline-formula> <tex-math>$150~^{circ }rm {C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with an output power of about 2.8 mW when the cavity length is <inline-formula> <tex-math>$300~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m. This work paves the way for high-temperature applications, making it feasible to develop low-cost devices without the additional cooling equipments.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1373-1376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Al/PCBM/WSe2:MXene/PTPD/ITO Flexible Broadband Photodetector","authors":"Tulika Bajpai;Shweta Tripathi","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605019","url":null,"abstract":"This letter demonstrates a broadband photodetector based on a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text { ITO/Poly-TPD/WSe}_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>:MXene/PCBM/Al architecture. The dispersion method prepared Poly-TPD (PTPD) and PCBM functions as hole transport layer (HTL) and electron transport layer (ETL) while <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {WSe}_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>:MXene nanocomposite (NC) serves as the active layer in the device. The film deposition is executed using spin coater whereas Al electrode deposition is performed in thermal evaporation chamber using shadow masking approach. At 350 nm (UV), 400 nm (visible), and 1450 nm (IR), the suggested photodetector shows maximum responsivity (A/W) of 2354, 2425, and 736.7 for −1V bias at a fixed optical power of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.118~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>W. The interfacial layers (ETL/HTL) and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {WSe}_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>:MXene nanocomposite shows promising characteristic for the use in optoelectronic applications.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 24","pages":"1397-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liming Mao;Tao Gong;Zhiyuan Zhao;Shijie Jia;Shunbin Wang;Pengfei Wang
{"title":"Low-Loss Optical Channel Waveguides in ZnF2-AlF3 Based Fluoride Glass for Integrated Photonics","authors":"Liming Mao;Tao Gong;Zhiyuan Zhao;Shijie Jia;Shunbin Wang;Pengfei Wang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3605403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3605403","url":null,"abstract":"We report the fabrication of low-loss channel-type optical waveguides in a novel <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text{ZnF}_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text{AlF}_{mathbf {3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> based fluoride glass using femtosecond laser direct writing. The induced refractive index contrast range from <inline-formula> <tex-math>$- 2times 10^{mathbf {-3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$+ 3times 10^{mathbf {-3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> relative to the bulk glass, enabling effective light confinement. By optimizing the laser processing parameters, a minimum propagation loss of 0.93 dB/cm was achieved. Additionally, active waveguides doped with varying concentrations of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text{Tm}^{mathbf {3+}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ions were inscribed, demonstrating strong emission centered at 1810 nm when pumped at 1570 nm. These results highlight the potential of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text{ZnF}_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text{AlF}_{mathbf {3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> fluoride glass as a promising platform for mid-infrared integrated photonic circuits and next-generation optical communication devices.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 24","pages":"1405-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junwei Zhang;Qiang Bin;Yutong Liu;Alan Pak Tao Lau;Zhaohui Li;Chao Lu
{"title":"C-Band 112-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmission Employing Cluster-Pruning LUT-Based Volterra DFE","authors":"Junwei Zhang;Qiang Bin;Yutong Liu;Alan Pak Tao Lau;Zhaohui Li;Chao Lu","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3604812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3604812","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a low-complexity cluster-pruning look-up-table-based Volterra decision-feedback equalizer (CPLUT-VDFE) to substantially reduce the computational complexity associated with compensating for chromatic dispersion (CD) and nonlinear distortions in intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) transmission systems. By employing CPLUTs, the proposed CPLUT-VDFE not only eliminates all multiplication operations required for the implementation of the VDFE, but also significantly reduces the overall table size. The performance of the proposed CPLUT-VDFE is evaluated after Volterra feed-forward equalization in a C-band 112-Gb/s PAM-4 50-km transmission system. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CPLUT-VDFE, with 82 cluster centers, achieves comparable equalization performance to the cluster-assisting LUT-VDFE (CLUT-VDFE) with 110 cluster centers, while reducing the total table size by 71.1% and the number of real-valued additions by 25.7%. Furthermore, the proposed CPLUT-VDFE, with 42 cluster centers, can achieve a 99.9% reduction in total table size and a 62.4% decrease in the number of real-valued additions compared to the CLUT-VDFE with 110 cluster centers, at the expense of a 1-dB power penalty.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 24","pages":"1401-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xindie Chen;Kaiqi Xu;Yaolin Fei;Yao Ma;Liujing Xu;Lu-Jian Chen;Wensong Li
{"title":"Co-Lasing at 1.2 μm for Enhanced Visible Emission in Ho3+:ZrF4 Fiber Lasers","authors":"Xindie Chen;Kaiqi Xu;Yaolin Fei;Yao Ma;Liujing Xu;Lu-Jian Chen;Wensong Li","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3604752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3604752","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we demonstrate that the slope efficiency for emission at 54X/75X nm in a holmium-doped zirconium fluoride (Ho3+:ZrF4) fiber is significantly enhanced by the efficient recycling of the pump excitation to the upper laser level of the visible transition through co-lasing the transition at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.2~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m. A 0.1 mol.% Ho3+:ZrF4 fiber was able to produce continuous-wave lasers at 54X and 75X nm with slope efficiencies of 68.7% and 27.7% when directly pumped by a blue diode laser at 450 nm in a linear cavity. Although co-lasing at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.2~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m can only improve the slope efficiency of the visible laser emission at lower pump powers, these results illustrate the potential of diode pumping for the efficient operation of rare-earth (RE) doped fluoride fiber lasers when implemented in conjunction with co-lasing mechanisms. The fundamental principles discussed in this study should be applicable to other glass and crystalline hosts.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1393-1396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadband 100 GHz Frequency Comb From an Asymmetric MQW Passively Mode-Locked Laser","authors":"Mohanad Al-Rubaiee;Bocang Qiu;Simeng Zhu;Xiao Sun;Ahmet Seckin Hezarfen;Zhefan Wang;John Marsh;Stephen J. Sweeney;Lianping Hou","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2025.3604691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2025.3604691","url":null,"abstract":"We report a passively mode-locked AlGaInAs/InP laser diode based on an asymmetric multiple quantum well structure, designed for 100 GHz optical frequency comb generation near <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.5~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m. The active region comprises quantum wells with two different photoluminescence wavelengths by using different thicknesses but identical material composition, optimized to enhance spectral overlap and broaden the modal gain profile. The device delivers a −3 dB optical bandwidth of 10.14 nm, spanning 14 lines with a spacing of 0.78 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest bandwidth reported from any directly electrically pumped quantum-well passively mode-locked laser diode. These results demonstrate a compact and practical approach to generating wideband optical frequency combs using asymmetric multiple quantum well mode-locked laser diodes.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"37 23","pages":"1365-1368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}