Health physics最新文献_第4页

Atmospheric Releases of Air-activated Radionuclides from Medical Cyclotrons: A Comparison among the Models Related to Population Doses. 医用回旋加速器释放的空气活化放射性核素的大气释放：与人口剂量相关模型的比较。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002106

Simone Manenti, Pietro Castellone, Flavia Groppi, Antonella Del Vecchio, Riccardo Calandrino

引用次数: 0

Radiation Dose and Toxicological Risk Assessment of Uranium in Drinking Water of Eastern Rajasthan, India. 印度拉贾斯坦邦东部饮用水中铀的辐射剂量及毒理学风险评估。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002247

Sunil Kumar, Sandeep Kansal, Vikas Duggal, Navish Kataria

{"title":"Radiation Dose and Toxicological Risk Assessment of Uranium in Drinking Water of Eastern Rajasthan, India.","authors":"Sunil Kumar, Sandeep Kansal, Vikas Duggal, Navish Kataria","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002247","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates uranium concentrations in 345 drinking water samples collected from the Dausa and Sawai Madhopur districts of Rajasthan, India, and assesses the associated radiological and chemical health risks. The measurement of uranium concentrations was performed using the light-emitting diode fluorimetric method (Model LF-2a). The uranium concentrations vary between 0.52 and 222 µg L-1, with an arithmetic mean of 14.8 µg L-1, and a median 7.7 µg L-1. This investigation found that 12.2% of the samples exceeded the World Health Organization guideline value of 30 µg L-1. The assessment of radiation dose considered the differing water intake patterns among various age groups, indicating that infants are the most vulnerable to uranium-induced health impacts. The average excess cancer risk obtained in the present study is lower than the value prescribed by India's Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (1.67 × 10-4). The results indicate that the mean daily intake of uranium varied between 0.01 and 6.33 µg kg-1 d-1, and hazard quotient analysis indicated potential chemical toxicity risks in 9.6% of the samples. Uranium was found to be positively related to total dissolved solids.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NOSI-Ra: A Screening Framework to Inform Radiation Safety Survey Planning for Radium-Bearing NORM in Oil and Gas Production Systems. NOSI-Ra：为油气生产系统中含镭标准的辐射安全调查规划提供信息的筛选框架。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002246

Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Rogério de Andrade Filgueiras, Ademir Xavier da Silva

{"title":"NOSI-Ra: A Screening Framework to Inform Radiation Safety Survey Planning for Radium-Bearing NORM in Oil and Gas Production Systems.","authors":"Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Rogério de Andrade Filgueiras, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002246","url":null,"abstract":"Radium-bearing naturally occurring radioactive material is a recurring radiation safety concern in oil and gas production. The radionuclides 226Ra and 228Ra may be mobilized in formation water, transported with produced water, and concentrated in scale, sludge, filters, tanks, separators, pigging residues, soils, and sediments. This paper proposes a semi-quantitative occurrence susceptibility index for radium-bearing scale and sludge to inform radiation safety survey planning. The framework combines five weighted components: radium mobilization potential, scale precipitation potential, produced-water burden, deposition and accumulation potential, and operational trigger potential. Empirical radiological evidence is treated separately through a noncompensatory trigger so that an elevated field indication or confirmed radium-bearing material cannot be diluted by low scores in other components. A data quality index reduces false confidence when information is incomplete. Four worked operational scenarios demonstrate how the core score, empirical trigger, and data quality alter survey sequence, portable instrument use, targeted sampling, high-purity germanium gamma-spectrometric confirmation, and work controls. The framework is a rule-based decision-support structure, not a validated predictive model, probability estimate, or substitute for direct measurement, regulatory requirements, or site-specific dose assessment. No field-validated improvement in efficiency or cost savings is claimed. Its present purpose is to make provisional survey planning transparent and testable until field calibration and validation are completed.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hanford Site Retrospective on Historical Annual Radioactive Air Emissions Doses. 汉福德站点历史年度放射性空气排放剂量回顾。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002207

J Matthew Barnett

{"title":"Hanford Site Retrospective on Historical Annual Radioactive Air Emissions Doses.","authors":"J Matthew Barnett","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002207","url":null,"abstract":"Radioactive air emissions are regulated by both the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and the State of Washington. Both agencies have adopted an annual dose limit of 0.1 mSv y-1 (10 mrem y-1) effective dose equivalent to a maximally exposed individual (MEI) member of the public. Compliance to the US EPA standard is determined by calculating the highest dose from radioactive air emissions due to point source emissions to a member of the public at a residence, school, business or office. Under the Washington State requirements radionuclide emissions and doses to members of the public include not only point sources but also radon and diffuse/fugitive doses. This retrospective review summarizes the annual Hanford Site radionuclide air emissions reports for the past 35 years beginning in calendar year 1990 through 2024, and it compares the results of the federal versus the state reported doses to the MEI. Additional considerations include the dose model version, location of the reported MEI, maximum emission unit contributor to dose, and the percent contribution of the predominate emitted isotopes. The comparison of the results from the two reporting methods shows low doses, in comparison to the limits, to members of the public and that the more expansive state doses are typically 2.4 times more than that of the federal requirement. This variation appears to be independent of the CAP88 dose model used. Finally, the annual radioactive air emissions dose to the MEI from the Hanford Site over the 35-year period to a member of the public is on average about 1% of the 0.1 mSv y-1 state limit.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Removal of legacy 226Ra and 137Cs Medical Sources from Paraguay to the United States Under the International Atomic Energy Agency's Global 226Ra Management Initiative. 根据国际原子能机构的全球226Ra管理倡议，从巴拉圭向美国清除遗留的226Ra和137Cs医疗来源。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002211

Eduardo Galiano

{"title":"The Removal of legacy 226Ra and 137Cs Medical Sources from Paraguay to the United States Under the International Atomic Energy Agency's Global 226Ra Management Initiative.","authors":"Eduardo Galiano","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002211","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the transfer of six decommissioned legacy 226Ra sources totaling 9.92 ± 2.0% GBq (268 mCi), and 116 decommissioned 137Cs sources totaling 41.1 ± 2.0% GBq (1,110 mCi), from the Republic of Paraguay to the United States, within the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency's Global Radium-226 Management Initiative.Methods: The sources were removed from their original shielded packaging, a cement-filled 200-L steel drum. The sources were identified via spectroscopic analysis, assayed, and repackaged in six Type A containers; five containers contained 226Ra sources, and one contained all the 137Cs sources. The containers were wipe-tested, and dose rates on contact and at 1.0 m were measured.Results: External wipe tests on the containers revealed counts slightly above natural background in one of the units (14% above background), well below the allowable surface contamination for a II-Yellow-coded (medium risk) Type A container. Dose rates at 1.0 m for all containers (i.e., their transport indices) ranged between 1.1 μSv h-1 ± 10% (0.11 mrem h-1) and 4.4 μSv h-1 ± 10% (0.44 mrem h-1), also corresponding to a II-Yellow code. Thus all containers were II-Yellow-coded for air shipment to the United States. The transfer of the containers from hospital to airport, inspection, weighing at customs, and loading onto the aircraft proceeded without incident.Conclusions: The safe transfer of decommissioned 226Ra and 137Cs medical sources from possessor to receptor countries is possible provided all national and international safety guidelines are adhered to. Based on our experience, we recommend that any country considering such a transfer avail itself of the safety and security standards associated with the International Atomic Energy Agency's Global Radium-226 Management Initiative.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Radioactivity Levels and Associated Radiological Hazards Index in Lake Water from Eastern Areas of Lake Hawassa, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚西达马地区哈瓦萨湖东部地区湖水放射性水平及相关辐射危害指数评估

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002217

Messele Kebede Kassa, Tilahun Tesfaye Deressu, Desalegn Ketema Gebremeskel, Bogalech Tiefu Kejela

{"title":"Assessment of Radioactivity Levels and Associated Radiological Hazards Index in Lake Water from Eastern Areas of Lake Hawassa, Sidama Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Messele Kebede Kassa, Tilahun Tesfaye Deressu, Desalegn Ketema Gebremeskel, Bogalech Tiefu Kejela","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002217","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, naturally occurring radionuclide concentrations and their respective radiological hazard indices in water samples collected from the eastern area of Lake Hawassa were measured. Analysis was conducted using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry for the radionuclides 238U (214Pb and 214Bi), 232Th (228Ac), and 40K. Activity concentrations were found to range between below the detection limit (BDL) and 4.2 ± 0.8 Bq L⁻¹ for 238U, BDL and 9.1 ± 1.1 Bq L⁻¹ for 232Th, and BDL and 92.1 ± 4.5 Bq L⁻¹ for 40K with averages of 2.4 ± 0.6, 6.1 ± 0.6, and 55.1 ± 2.8 Bq L-1, respectively. Radiological hazard indices were determined and found to be the external hazard index ( = 0.04), absorbed dose rate ( = 7.14 nGy h⁻¹), and annual outdoor effective dose equivalent ( = 0.009 mSv y⁻¹). These values were compared with international guidelines and other countries' data on natural radioactivity. From the comparison, it is evident that the detected radionuclide activity concentrations and their respective radiological hazard indices comply with internationally recommended limits, implying that the lake water poses no significant radiological risks to the local population. In addition, the gathered information is used as initial reference data but not as the final baseline value for Lake Hawassa regarding radiological hazards. These data will play an important role in establishing future environmental policies and programs for the study area.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a Four-Module Deployable Radiological Emergency Laboratory for Rapid Internal Dosimetry and Field Assays. 用于快速内部剂量测定和现场分析的四模块可部署放射应急实验室的发展。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002199

Patrick Gerasimo, Jean-Yves Arriat, Alexandra C Miller

{"title":"Development of a Four-Module Deployable Radiological Emergency Laboratory for Rapid Internal Dosimetry and Field Assays.","authors":"Patrick Gerasimo, Jean-Yves Arriat, Alexandra C Miller","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002199","url":null,"abstract":"Deployable radiological laboratories have evolved substantially over the past 20 years in response to the need for rapid, medically interpretable information during radiological emergencies occurring far from fixed analytical facilities. Early French mobile laboratories were limited to qualitative NaI(Tl) surveys and relied heavily on centralized laboratories for confirmatory analysis, resulting in delayed dose assessment and limited forensic capability. Building on operational experience and NATO doctrine (STANAG 4590), a four-module deployable system - the Radiological Emergency Laboratory (Laboratoire d'Urgence Radiologique, LUR) - was developed to integrate in vivo spectrometry, radiotoxicology, physical dosimetry, and cytogenetic triage within a unified operational architecture. The system can be mounted on armored Griffon vehicles or 4 × 4 all-terrain platforms, enabling deployment in operational environments where civilian mobile laboratories cannot operate. Modules 1 and 2 provide rapid screening and confirmatory in vivo measurements, while Modules 3 and 4 support comprehensive radiotoxicology and dosimetry. Analytical performance (ICP-MS, α-spectrometry, HPGe spectrometry) approaches that of fixed laboratories, enabling isotopic discrimination and early estimation of committed effective dose. By resolving most cases directly in the field, the LUR reduces the number of samples requiring referral to central radiochemical laboratories, thereby preventing saturation of national analytical capacity during large-scale radiological incidents. The LUR therefore provides a medically oriented, operationally robust, and economically sustainable capability for modern radiological emergency response, ranging from localized contamination events to large-scale population triage.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioavailability Characterization of Actinides Recovered From Filter Swipes to Predict Lung Biodistribution Following Accidental Intake. 从过滤器中回收的锕系元素的生物利用度特性预测意外摄入后的肺部生物分布。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002208

Anne Van der Meeren, Florian Brulfert, Nina Griffiths, Martine Defrance, Agnès Moureau, Sophie Le Maout

{"title":"Bioavailability Characterization of Actinides Recovered From Filter Swipes to Predict Lung Biodistribution Following Accidental Intake.","authors":"Anne Van der Meeren, Florian Brulfert, Nina Griffiths, Martine Defrance, Agnès Moureau, Sophie Le Maout","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002208","url":null,"abstract":"In the event of worker contamination, and because dissolution properties of aerosols highly influence committed effective dose assessment, information regarding the bioavailability of inhaled contaminants is of great interest to the person in charge of the exposed workers. In this study, we developed and validated a new procedure to evaluate the early bioavailability of actinide compounds obtained at the workplace. Using the proposed method, actinides recovered from swipes taken in different glove boxes were analyzed using an in vitro multicompartmental and dynamic assay to assess the proportion of bioavailable elements. The transferred activity from the static phase to the dynamic phase of the assay device represents the bioavailability of the compound studied. Our data demonstrate the variability in the dissolution properties of the collected compounds among the different glove boxes with no clear relationship with their isotopic and elemental composition. We confirmed the influence of the presence of bioligands or synthetic chelators, as well as lung fluid surrogates, on the bioavailability of the compounds. Using a new method, intentionally designed to be quick and simple, we confirmed that each glove box contains compounds with specific dissolution properties. Therefore, our process deserves to be part of a toolbox for risk and dose estimation following accidental actinide intake at the workplace.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radioactivation and Decommissioning of Medical Linear Accelerators: A Review. 医用直线加速器的放射性与退役研究进展

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002200

Kwang-Ho Cheong, Sei-Kwon Kang

{"title":"Radioactivation and Decommissioning of Medical Linear Accelerators: A Review.","authors":"Kwang-Ho Cheong, Sei-Kwon Kang","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002200","url":null,"abstract":"Medical linear accelerators (LINACs) operating above 8-10 MV produce induced radioactivity in machine components and treatment vault structures through photonuclear reactions and subsequent neutron capture. As the global installed base of LINACs exceeds 14,000 units and demand continues to grow, an increasing number of machines are reaching end-of-life, making the safe disposal of radioactivated components a pressing practical concern for healthcare institutions. This review covers the radioactivation process in medical LINACs, beginning with the physics of photonuclear interactions and neutron capture, including the giant dipole resonance and electronuclear reactions. The principal radionuclides identified in LINAC components and treatment room concrete are compiled from published measurements and Monte Carlo simulations across multiple vendors (Varian, Elekta, Siemens). The current regulatory frameworks governing the disposal of activated materials are compared, covering the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) standards (GSR Part 3, GSG-17, GSG-18), the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations (10 CFR Parts 20 and 61), the European Union Basic Safety Standards (Directive 2013/59/Euratom), and South Korea's Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) Notice No. 2025-11, which establishes nuclide-specific clearance levels for self-disposal (the Korean regulatory equivalent of the IAEA concept of clearance) aligned with the IAEA's 10 µSv y-1 dose criterion. A practical step-by-step protocol for the disposal of radioactivated LINAC components is proposed to assist hospitals in achieving safe, compliant, and cost-effective waste management.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost Compact Dosimeter/Spectrometer for Radiation Dose Rate and Radioactivity Measurements. 用于辐射剂量率和放射性测量的低成本紧凑型剂量计/光谱仪的性能评价。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002198

Darwish Al-Azmi

引用次数: 0