Health physics最新文献_第5页

A Comparative Analysis of International Atomic Energy Agency General Safety Requirements Part 7 against the Lessons Learned from the 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon. 国际原子能机构一般安全要求（第七部分）与2001年9月11日五角大楼恐怖袭击的教训的比较分析。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001982

Lauren Bergman, Edward Waller

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of International Atomic Energy Agency General Safety Requirements Part 7 against the Lessons Learned from the 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon.","authors":"Lauren Bergman, Edward Waller","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001982","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001982","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A necessary component of any emergency program is the review of existing preparedness and response arrangements against exercises and real-world emergencies to identify improvements. In this paper, such a review has been conducted on the 26 Requirements in the International Atomic Energy Agency General Safety Requirements Part 7 Standard for nuclear emergency preparedness and response programs by comparing it to the recommendations and lessons learned from the Arlington County, After-Action Report on the Response to the 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon. The results of the comparison indicate which Requirements and specific paragraphs within the Requirements are the most frequently inferred. From this, the relative importance of the Requirements can be determined and areas for improvement identified. This analysis has highlighted the high importance of the six Requirements on Infrastructure in ensuring a successful response. In some cases, budgetary constraints related to the preparedness for an unlikely event may limit the ability of response organizations to fully realize these Requirements; however, without having these fundamental infrastructure components in place, the other Requirements, particularly the Functional Requirements, will be difficult to achieve. This analysis also highlighted areas where Requirements could benefit from elaboration, specifically the need for mental health support for response workers and the application of an established and agreed upon command structure. Given that the Requirements were published nearly 10 y ago, the findings described in this paper could be used to improve it as part of a routine revision cycle.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"114-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimum Detectable Intakes and Doses for Uranium Bioassays-Comparison between Alpha Spectrometry and ICP-MS. 铀生物测定的最小可检测摄入量和剂量--阿尔法光谱法与 ICP-MS 的比较。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001854

B Rosenberg, A Johnson, C G Potter, C L Antonio

引用次数: 0

Likelihood Functions for Bioassay Measurements for Development, Selection, and Calibration of Biokinetic Models. 开发，选择和校准生物动力学模型的生物测定测量的似然函数。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001956

John Klumpp, Deepesh Poudel

{"title":"Likelihood Functions for Bioassay Measurements for Development, Selection, and Calibration of Biokinetic Models.","authors":"John Klumpp, Deepesh Poudel","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001956","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001956","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Internal dosimetrists are concerned with the development, selection, and calibration of biokinetic models to calculate radiation doses from incorporated radionuclides. This is accomplished using measurements of radionuclides in organs, tissues, and excreta, i.e., bioassay measurements. Each bioassay measurement has a corresponding likelihood function, which represents the relative likelihood of different biokinetic model parameters resulting in the measurement value. In order for a bioassay measurement to be interpreted properly, the correct likelihood function must be determined. Failing to use the correct likelihood function for each bioassay measurement results in improperly weighting certain measurements over other measurements, which in turn leads to incorrect dose estimates. This paper describes the correct likelihood functions to use for a wide variety of bioassay measurements, as well as a description of how to use them. These likelihood functions represent the vast majority of those likely to be needed for interpreting bioassay measurements. Therefore, this paper may serve as a tool kit that can be used by academic and occupational internal dosimetrists.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"81-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uranium Concentration in Drinking Water and the Age-dependent Radiation Exposure in Chengalpattu District of Tamil Nadu, India. 印度泰米尔纳德邦Chengalpattu地区饮用水中的铀浓度和年龄相关的辐射暴露。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002015

S Palani, Satyanarayan Bramha, S Suja, S Chandrasekaran, A Vidyasakar, R Ravisankar

{"title":"Uranium Concentration in Drinking Water and the Age-dependent Radiation Exposure in Chengalpattu District of Tamil Nadu, India.","authors":"S Palani, Satyanarayan Bramha, S Suja, S Chandrasekaran, A Vidyasakar, R Ravisankar","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The current investigation involved collecting and analyzing groundwater samples from the Chengalpattu district in the state of Tamil Nadu. The content of uranium was determined using an LED fluorimeter. The uranium concentration exhibited a range of 0.02 μg L-1 to 2.814 μg L-1, with a mean value of 0.347 μg L-1 and a standard deviation 3.05 μg L-1. The uranium concentration levels calculated in this study are significantly below the recommended limits set by various agencies, including WHO (2011), US EPA (1991), ICRP (1995), UNSCEAR (1982), and AERB (2004), and these limits are used for critical in protecting public health. The annual ingestion dosage from uranium consumption via drinking water is estimated for all age groups and compared to the prescribed limits. The annual uranium intake in drinking water for various age groups ranges from 0.0224 μSv y-1 to 7.0674 μSv y-1. The analysis shows that the doses are far below the recommended safety threshold. The average yearly intake dosage is well below the required threshold, indicating that the drinking water sources in the study region do not pose any harmful health risks related to uranium.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

pyDOSEIA: A Python Package for Radiological Impact Assessment during Long-term or Accidental Atmospheric Releases. pyDOSEIA：用于长期或意外大气释放期间辐射影响评估的Python软件包。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002014

Biswajit Sadhu, Tanmay Sarkar, S Anand, Kapil Deo Singh, D K Aswal

{"title":"pyDOSEIA: A Python Package for Radiological Impact Assessment during Long-term or Accidental Atmospheric Releases.","authors":"Biswajit Sadhu, Tanmay Sarkar, S Anand, Kapil Deo Singh, D K Aswal","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: pyDOSEIA is a Python package designed for meteorological data processing and radiological impact assessment in diverse scenarios, including nuclear and radiological accidents. Built upon robust computational models and using modern programming techniques, pyDOSEIA employs the Gaussian Plume Model and follows IAEA and AERB guidelines, offering a comprehensive suite of tools for estimating radiation doses from various exposure pathways, including inhalation, ingestion, groundshine, submersion, and plumeshine. The package enables age-specific, distance-specific, and radionuclide-specific radiation dose computations, providing accurate and reliable calculations for both short-term and long-term exposures. Additionally, pyDOSEIA leverages up-to-date dose conversion factors, features parallel processing capabilities for rapid analysis of large datasets, and facilitates applications in machine learning and deep learning research. With its user-friendly interface and extensive documentation, pyDOSEIA empowers researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to assess radiation risks effectively, aiding in decision making and emergency preparedness efforts. The package is open-source and available on GitHub at https://github.com/BiswajitSadhu/pyDOSEIA.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Considering Radiation Safety Program Image. 考虑到辐射安全计划的形象。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002010

Robert J Emery, Janet M Gutierrez

{"title":"Considering Radiation Safety Program Image.","authors":"Robert J Emery, Janet M Gutierrez","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Commercial businesses have long known that the image of an organization is critical to ultimate success. Significant resources are invested in marketing, logos, colors, signage, appearance, informational brochures, and the like because expenditures on these aspects have repeatedly proven to produce a measurable return on investment. The term \"image\" can be defined in many ways, but within the context of the effort described here, it is a tangible or visible representation of an entity. A radiation safety program's image can be based on many operational outcome elements, such as personnel doses, findings from regulatory compliance inspections, and measured client satisfaction. Described here are three other program image components that may be considered: the radiation safety program's website, program staff appearance, and program organizational charts. Data regarding the prevalence of current practices being carried out within operational college and university safety programs as they relate to image were measured via a series of simple online polls. Although the assessments described here were focused primarily on university environmental health and safety programs, each included specific consideration of any radiation safety component. The findings stemming from the analysis of these convenience sample polls examining the blind testing of program internet website search capabilities, the norms regarding program staff recognition on campus, and the common errors associated with organizational charts all can serve as a guide to improve radiation safety program image that, in turn, can maintain or enhance program reputation and support.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radon Gas Exposure in Japan: Public Health Risks, Regulations, and Mitigation Strategies. 日本的氡气暴露：公共健康风险、法规和缓解战略。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002013

Jose Alonso Montero Alfaro

{"title":"Radon Gas Exposure in Japan: Public Health Risks, Regulations, and Mitigation Strategies.","authors":"Jose Alonso Montero Alfaro","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Radon (222Rn) is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and a significant cause of lung cancer globally, second only to inhaled tobacco smoke. This review examines radon exposure in Japan, its public health risks, current regulations, and mitigation strategies in the context of international standards. Studies show that Japan's indoor radon concentrations average around 15 Bq m-3, significantly lower than the global mean of approximately 40 Bq m-3. Furthermore, only a small percentage, estimated at 0.1 to 1%, of Japanese homes exceed the World Health Organization's reference level of 100 Bq m-3. As a result, radon is responsible for a smaller proportion of lung cancer cases in Japan, around 4%, compared to many Western countries. Nonetheless, radon remains an important public health concern, especially as modern homes become more airtight, potentially elevating indoor radon levels. The review also explores the geographic distribution of radon in Japan, highlighting regions (e.g., parts of western Japan with granitic bedrock) that exhibit higher natural radioactivity. It assesses the absence of a comprehensive national radon regulation in Japan, contrasting it with numerous countries that have established reference levels, building codes, and action plans. This review discusses effective radon mitigation techniques, including active soil depressurization and improved ventilation, applicable to Japan's building context. It argues for a proactive national radon policy to promote routine monitoring, public awareness, and remediation of high-radon homes. Finally, it proposes forming an association of radon scientists and technologists in Japan to enhance research, training, and policy advocacy.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fetal Dose Reduction in CT Pulmonary Angiography Using Internal Barium Shielding: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study. 利用内钡屏蔽降低胎儿CT肺血管造影剂量：蒙特卡罗模拟研究。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002012

Maroine Tahiri, Yassine Benameur, Mina Azeddou, Redouane El Baydaoui, Mounir Mkimel

{"title":"Fetal Dose Reduction in CT Pulmonary Angiography Using Internal Barium Shielding: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study.","authors":"Maroine Tahiri, Yassine Benameur, Mina Azeddou, Redouane El Baydaoui, Mounir Mkimel","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a key diagnostic tool for embolic pulmonary disease during pregnancy, despite its associated high radiation exposure. To minimize the fetal radiation dose, a new technique using internal shielding has been introduced, which reduces internal scattering. This study focuses on evaluating how barium-based internal shielding impacts the reduction of fetal organ radiation dose during CTPA. For instance, a validated GATE/GEANT4 model was used to simulate CTPA acquisition. Fetal organ doses were obtained via a simulated third trimester pregnant model (Katja). In order to simulate internal shielding, Contrast agent (CA) of different sulfate barium concentrations was incorporated in the digestive cavity of the model. Also, fetal organ doses were calculated with and without internal shielding, and levels of fetal organ dose reductions were assessed for all CA concentrations. The mean fetal organ dose for CTPA without CA was 0.71 mGy. According to results, internal shielding induces a reduction in organ dose, since fetal organ dose reductions ranged between 55.89% and 69.41% with 80% CA. Furthermore, it was observed that the more CA concentration increases, the more dose reduction increases. In addition, fetal brain dose was reduced by 55.54%, 59.67%, 61.80%, and 62.94% for CA concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, respectively. Clearly, this study will help provide a better assessment of fetal dose reduction via barium shielding in CTPA.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cobalt: An Update Review from Biokinetic and Toxicological Data to Treatment after Internal Exposure. 钴：从生物动力学和毒理学数据到内暴露后治疗的最新综述。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002005

Géraldine Landon, Céline Bouvier-Capely, François Fay, Elias Fattal, Guillaume Phan

{"title":"Cobalt: An Update Review from Biokinetic and Toxicological Data to Treatment after Internal Exposure.","authors":"Géraldine Landon, Céline Bouvier-Capely, François Fay, Elias Fattal, Guillaume Phan","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002005","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cobalt is an essential element with a wide range of applications. It is made up of one stable isotope ( 59 Co) and 36 radioactive isotopes, including 60 Co, the only one with a half-life of more than one year. It is an activation product, and irradiation is the main mode of exposure to 60 Co. Nevertheless, the risk of internal contamination should not be overlooked, particularly for workers who may be involved in maintenance tasks in nuclear power plants or on dismantling sites. The general population may also be affected in the event of a reactor accident where 60 Co would be released with other radionuclides. The health effects of exposure to stable cobalt are mainly respiratory and cutaneous. However, the recently revealed carcinogenic nature of certain cobalt compounds calls for vigilance. Otherwise, the radiotoxicity of cobalt has not yet been explored. In view of the many uses of cobalt and the potential exposures identified, effective means of protection for humans and their environment are of paramount importance. To date, in the event of incorporation by inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous injury, the current pharmacological treatments offer perfectible efficacy. This review article outlines an updated state of knowledge on cobalt, with a special focus on its biokinetic and toxicological data, the recommended medical countermeasures, and the research in progress in this field. Finally, this review suggests new research perspectives, particularly in the field of medical countermeasures, an area of utmost importance in terms of radiation protection and occupational health.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Occupational Radiation Safety Among Healthcare Professionals: A Multi-Setting Study in Jordan. 约旦医疗保健专业人员的职业辐射安全知识、态度和实践：一项多环境研究

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002009

Khaldoon Radaideh, Laila Matalqah, Lujain Radaideh

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Occupational Radiation Safety Among Healthcare Professionals: A Multi-Setting Study in Jordan.","authors":"Khaldoon Radaideh, Laila Matalqah, Lujain Radaideh","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002009","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Staff members in radiology departments face radiation exposure as a primary work-related risk according to safety guidelines. This research evaluates knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding radiological protection protocols of radiology workers in Jordan. The research employed a cross-sectional analysis using a questionnaire administered to 203 professionals from the groups of radiologists, medical physicists, radiologic technologists, and nurses. Among the participants, 44.3% held a bachelor's degree, 41.4% had a diploma (two-year technologist certification), and 14.4% held higher qualifications. The average knowledge score was 46%, with notable deficiencies in key areas such as radiation dose limits and tissue sensitivity. Attitudes towards radiation safety were generally positive, with scores ranging from 55.7% to 86.2%. However, inconsistent safety practices were observed, particularly in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Despite 87.19% using personal dosimeters, only 58.13% consistently used lead gloves, goggles, and thyroid collars, highlighting the need for further improvements. Staff members displayed inconsistent practices especially regarding their use of personal protective equipment during work shifts. Radiology professionals require specialized training programs which help raise compliance levels and foster safe practices in their work environment.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0